RNA synthesis by vesicular stomatitis virus and a small plaque mutant: effects of cycloheximide. The synthesis of viral RNA by wild-type vesicular stomatitis virus (L(1)VSV) and a small, plaque-size mutant (S(2)VSV) was studied in vitro and in chicken embryo (CE) and mouse L-cell cultures. Virus-specific RNA synthesized in CE or L cells infected with either L(1) or S(2)VSV at low multiplicity was of the same size classes, 12 to 15S, 28S, and 38S. The major differences were in the proportion of RNA produced of each size class. L(1)VSV always synthesized larger proportions of 38S RNA, and S(2)VSV produced larger proportions of 12 to 15S RNA. Both S(2) and L(1)VSV exhibited RNA transcriptase activity in vitro and in cell culture. The products of the in vitro reaction were the same, 12 to 15S for both. The products of the virion-associated transcriptase in CE or L-cell cultures in the presence of cycloheximide were also the same for both viruses but differed from the in vitro products in that 28S and 12 to 15S RNA were made. The effects of addition of cycloheximide at various times after infection demonstrated that new protein synthesis is required early (0-2 h) for both S(2) and L(1)VSV to initiate and maintain the normal rate of viral RNA synthesis. However, the overall rate of RNA synthesis in L(1)VSV infections became independent of protein synthesis after 2 h whereas the rate in S(2)VSV infections did not. With either virus, synthesis of 38S RNA did not occur in the absence of protein synthesis. Moreover, continuous 38S RNA production required continuous protein synthesis. Production of 38S RNA ceased within 30 min after addition of cycloheximide to S(2) (-) or L(1)VSV-infected CE or L cells that had already begun to synthesize the 38S form. The cycloheximide-induced cessation of 38S RNA synthesis was accompanied by a marked increase in production of 12 to 15S and 28S RNA in L(1)VSV-infected cells, but no increase in synthesis of small RNA species occurred in S(2)VSV-infected cells.


Mechanism of oncogenic transformation by Rous sarcoma virus. 3. Role of proviral DNA in morphologic conversion of chicken embryo fibroblasts. Multiplication of Rous sarcoma virus and morphological conversion of chicken embryo fibroblasts are mediated by a DNA provirus. The role of the provirus in induction of morphological conversion has been shown by experiments of light inactivation of bromodeoxyuridine (BUdR)-sensitized proviral DNA. In the experiments reported here, inactivation of focus formation by BUdR and light could be obtained in cells in which the ability to produce virus has become resistant to X irradiation. This property is considered here to reflect the integrated state of the provirus. These experiments indicate that the role of proviral DNA extends beyond induction of morphological conversion and that an intact provirus is required for the maintenance of the transformed state. These experiments also indicate that no irreversible process leading to morphological conversion is initiated by a nonintegrated or by an integrated provirus.


In vitro protein-synthesizing activity of vesicular stomatitis virus-infected cell extracts. Crude cytoplasmic extracts from vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-infected HeLa cells incorporate radioactive amino acids into hot trichloroacetic acid-precipitable material linearly for 10 to 20 min. The material synthesized in vitro corresponds in molecular weight to four of the five VSV structural proteins. However, synthesis of the viral glycoprotein (G) is significantly reduced, whereas the relative amounts of viral structural proteins L and NS synthesized are increased compared with the ratio of the proteins found in the virion. Fractionation of a VSV-infected crude cytoplasmic extract into a cytoplasmic pellet (20,000 x g for 30 min) and a cytoplasmic supernatant results in a significant reduction in protein synthesizing activity of both fractions, although both contain polysomes. The products synthesized by a cytoplasmic supernatant-directed system included all the VSV structural proteins except the glycoprotein, whereas in an in vitro system directed by the cytoplasmic pellet there is a marked reduction in synthesis of the nucleoprotein (N) and also a small relative increase in synthesis of the glycoprotein. Addition of uninfected, preincubated HeLa or L-cell S10 or a HeLa ribosomal fraction to the VSV-infected cytoplasmic pellet results in a 30- to 60-fold stimulation of (35)S-methionine incorporation. However, these uninfected extracts do not stimulate (35)S-methionine incorporation by the infected crude cytoplasmic extract or the cytoplasmic supernatant. The products synthesized by the stimulated cytoplasmic pellet now include sizeable amounts of the glycoprotein in addition to the other VSV structural proteins.


Polypeptide composition of poliovirions, naturally occurring empty capsids, and 14S precursor particles. The three serotypes of poliovirus were compared with respect to their polypeptide composition. Type 1, 2, and 3 strains were clearly different from each other in the electrophoretic mobilities of their larger structural polypeptides. Some of the viral polypeptides formerly identified as single peaks (e.g., VP 2) were shown to contain multiple components, indicating that purified virions contain at least six polypeptides. Three type 1 strains were indistinguishable in their viral polypeptides. A quantitative estimate was made of the polypeptide composition of the type 1 Mahoney poliovirion, as well as of naturally occurring empty capsids and 14S precursor particles. The data are discussed in light of the antigenic differences among polioviruses and the possible modes of virion morphogenesis.


Characterization of the low-molecular-weight RNAs associated with the 70S RNA of Rous sarcoma virus. Two low-molecular-weight RNAs are associated with the 70S RNA complex of Rous sarcoma virus: a previously described 4S RNA and a newly identified 5S RNA. The 4S RNA constitutes 3 to 4% of the 70S RNA complex or the equivalent of 12 to 20 molecules per 70S RNA. It exhibits a number of structural properties characteristic of transfer RNA as revealed by two-dimensional electrophoresis of oligonucleotides obtained from a T1 ribonuclease digest of the 4S RNA species. The 5S RNA is approximately 120 nucleotides in length, constitutes 1% of the 70S RNA complex or the equivalent of 3 to 4 molecules per molecules of 70S RNA, and is identical in nucleotide composition and structure to 5S RNA from uninfected chicken embryo fibroblasts. Melting studies indicate that the 5S RNA is released from the 70S RNA complex at the same temperature required to dissociate 70S RNA into its constituent 35S subunits. In contrast, greater than 80% of the 4S RNA is released from 70S RNA prior to its conversion into subunits. The possible biological significance of these 70S-associated RNAs is discussed.


Membrane proteins of uninfected and Rous sarcoma virus- transformed avian cells. A method for preparing large membrane fragments and cell ghosts was developed for uninfected and Rous sarcoma virus-transformed chicken embryo fibroblasts in culture. Membrane proteins were analyzed by electrophoresis in acrylamide gels containing sodium dodecyl sulfate. A major amino-acid-containing component of uninfected cell membranes was greatly diminished in amount or absent in membranes of virus-transformed cells. This component, called MP-1, had an electrophoretic mobility in sodium dodecyl sulfate-containing gels similar to that of a protein of a mol wt of 1.42 x 10(5). MP-1 was not altered by changes in cell growth rate or in cells infected with the nontransforming virus RAV-1.


The use of estrogen as a postcoital contraceptive in North Carolina--trick or treatment.


Isolation of mutants of bacteriophage T4 unable to induce thymidine kinase activity. New mutants of T4 have been isolated by using a strain of Escherichia coli lacking thymidine kinase activity. These T4 mutants, designated tk, are able to grow on this E. coli strain under light on plates containing 5-bromodeoxyuridine and were all found to be unable to induce thymidine kinase (ATP: thymidine 5'-phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.21). All of these tk mutants fall into one complementation group which maps just to the right of rI on the standard T4 genetic map, far from most other genes coding for enzymes involved in pyrimidine metabolism. The tk mutants grow as well as wild-type T4, indicating that thymidine kinase is a non-essential enzyme.


Long term survivor in metastatic colonic carcinoma to the brain.


Effects of sex hormones on sleep patterns of male rats gonadectomized in adulthood and in the neonatal period.


Pituitary-adrenocortical activity and intermale aggressiveness in isolated mice.


Contrast filling of the lymphatic system of the lung through a pulmonary vein in the dog.


Insulitis in cytomegalovirus infection in a newborn infant.


Effect of alcohol on albumin synthesis by the isolated perfused rat liver.


Delayed radiation necrosis of the optic nerve.


Roentgenologic demonstration of spontaneous reversal of portal blood flow in cirrhosis and primary carcinoma of the liver.


Adult cytomegalic inclusion retinitis.

Adult cytomegalic inclusion retinitis.


A quantitative serologic assay for diagnosing congenital infections of cattle.


Passive immunity in the foal: measurement of immunoglobulin classes and specific antibody.


Clinical conference: Essential hypertension: new concepts about mechanisms.


Letter: Cytomegalovirus mononucleosis with severe thrombocytopenia.


Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition in neuropathic joints. Four cases of polyarticular involvement.


Conversion of hydrocortisone to estrogen in carcinoma of the breast after oophorectomy and adrenalectomy. This case report concerns a 52-year-old woman who underwent radical mastectomy.  Microscopic study revealed the tumor to be infiltrating ductal carcinoma.  Axillary lymph nodes contained metastatic tumor.  About a year later tumor recurrence was demonstrated in the lumbar vertebrae.  The disease progressed under local irradiation.  After another year bilateral oophorectomy and adrenalectomy were performed.  The patient died about 17 months after the last surgery with widespread metastatic disease.  This study was conducted with the patient on hydrocortisone replacement therapy beginning about 1 month after removal of the ovaries and adrenal glands.  5 microcuries of 4-14C-hydrocortisone were administered and 3 successive 24-hour urine specimens were collected and kept frozen.  The steroid conjugates were extracted from the urine, hydrolyzed, and the free steroids removed by solvent extraction.  The estrogen fraction from the urine was separated by sodium hydroxide extraction and purified by counter-current distribution, then analyzed.  It was found that the administered 4-14C-hydrocortisone was converted to 11 beta-hydroxyestradiol which possesses estrogenic activity.  The identified conversion product represented 5% of the radioactivity of all the extracts and .7% of the total administered radioactivity.  Other metabolic products of hydrocortisone isolated included cortol, urocortisol, and cortolone.  The site of conversion and the mechanisms involved require further study.  Such conversion to estrogens of circulating hormone used in adrenal replacement therapy could affect the mammary malignancies of these patients.


Breast xeroradiography: an analysis of our first 17 months.


Substrate specificity of mammalian D-glucuronolactone dehydrogenase.


A serological study of bovine foetal immunoglobulins.


Role of hepatic bile composition in gallstone formation in baboons.


Radiation-induced pair-wise radical formation in single crystals of thymine.


Structural studies of avian myeloblastosis virus: presence of transfer RNA in core component.


Partial purification of a cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase from soybean callus. Isolation of a non-dialysable inhibitor.


The effects of insulin, serum and glucose on total assayable activity and on soluble, debris-bound and latent activity of the hexokinase of normal- and polyoma virus-transformed BHK 21 cells.


Coccidiosis in chickens: obligate relationship between Eimeria tenella and certain species of cecal microflora in the pathogenesis of the disease.


Long-term aftercare for patients treated for thyrotoxicosis.


Metabolic enzymes in liver and kidney of the germfree rat.


Electron microscope study of antigens in cells of mouse mammary tumor cell lines by peroxidase-labeled antibodies in sera of mammary tumor-bearing mice and of patients with breast cancer.


Paramagnetic changes during development of a transplanted AKR-J leukemia in mice as measured by electron spin resonance.


An experimental study of the pathogenesis of fowlpox infection in chickens.


Quantitative estimations of RNA sensitive to mild RNase treatment in sections of normal, regenerating, and neoplastic rat livers.


Seroepidemiological studies on carcinoma of the nasopharynx.


Effects of dimethylbenz(a)anthracene and dihydrotestosterone on estradiol-17 beta binding in rat mammary cytosol fraction.


Specific glucocorticoid binding in human hemopoietic cell lines and neoplastic tissue.


Absence of aminonucleoside-sensitive steps in the cell cycle of SV40-transformed human fibroblasts.


Some properties of adenyl cyclase from Ehrlich tumor cells.


Immunization of chickens with an inactivated oil-adjuvant Newcastle disease virus vaccine.


The content of the principal protein target of a hepatic carcinogen in liver tumors.


Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of acid-soluble nucleolar proteins of Walker 256 carcinosarcoma, regenerating liver, and thioacetamide-treated liver.


Methylhydrazine tumorigenesis in Syrian golden hamsters and the morphology of malignant histiocytomas.


Specific estrogen binding in vivo in the R3230AC mammary adenocarcinoma of the rat.


Insulin reversal of growth inhibition of plasma cell tumor by prostaglandin or adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate.


Increased sialic acid density in surface glycoprotein of transformed and malignant cells--a general phenomenon?


Research note--avian encephalitis virus as a chicken kidney cell-culture contaminant and its effect on the growth of infectious bronchitis virus.


Catabolism of nuclear proteins in control and phytohemagglutinin-stimulated human lymphocytes, leukemic leukocytes, and Burkitt lymphoma cells.


Spectrophotometric analysis of cytochromes in Morris hepatomas.


Combined enzyme histochemical and radioautographic studies on areas of hyperplasia in the liver of rats fed N-2-fluorenylacetamide.


Effects of riboflavin deficiency upon concentrations of riboflavin, flavin mononucleotide, and flavin adenine dinucleotide in Novikoff hepatoma in rats.


Effects of formamidoxime on macromolecular synthesis in regenerating liver and hepatomas.


The effect of silica dust on the phospholipid metabolism of macrophages.


Estimation of inorganic pyrophosphate phosphohydrolytic activity in human blood serum. The effects of serum constituents, magnesium and calcium.


17(OH) corticosteroid and estrogen excretion with virilizing adrenal tumors.


Interaction of various stimulators and inhibitors on insulin secretion in vitro.


Electric stimulation of the olfactory mucosa: a new test for the study of the hypothalamic functionality.


A mechanism for stress-susceptibility in swine.


A study of angiotensin II pressor response throughout primigravid pregnancy. The present study was designed to ascertain sequentially the pressor response to angiotensin II in young primigravid patients throughout pregnancy in order a) to define when in pregnancy resistance to the pressor effects of angiotensin II develops; b) to define the physiologic sequence of events leading to this resistance; and c) to ascertain whether sensitivity to infused angiotensin II could be detected before the onset of clinical signs of pregnancy-induced hypertension. With this prospective approach, two separate groups of patients were defined. The first group of patients remained normal throughout pregnancy. The second group consisted of those patients who, while clinically normotensive during the initial phase of the study, ultimately developed hypertension of pregnancy.192 patients were studied; of these, 120 patients remained normotensive and 72 developed pregnancy-induced hypertension. In both groups, vascular resistance to infused angiotensin II (more than 8 ng/kg/min required to elicit a pressor response of 20 mm Hg in diastolic pressure) was demonstrated as early as the 10th wk of pregnancy. In the group that remained normotensive, maximum mean vascular resistance occurred at 18-30 wk of pregnancy, (mean pressor dose required being 13.5 to 14.9 ng/kg/min). In those subjects who developed pregnancy-induced hypertension, the mean maximum dose required was 12.9 ng/kg/min, which was observed at the 18th wk of pregnancy. By the 22nd wk there was a clear separation of the two groups, with the mean dose requirement of the subjects destined to develop hypertension being progressively less than that of those who remained normal. The difference between the two groups became significant (P < 0.01) by 23-26 wk of pregnancy. Among patients requiring more than 8 ng/kg/min on one or more tests done between wk 28-32, 91% remained normotensive. Conversely, during the same time period among patients requiring less than 8 ng/kg/min, on at least one occasion, 90% developed pregnancy-induced hypertension.


Culture of human endothelial cells derived from umbilical veins. Identification by morphologic and immunologic criteria. Endothelial cells were isolated from freshly obtained human umbilical cords by collagenase digestion of the interior of the umbilical vein. The cells were grown in tissue culture as a homogeneous population for periods up to 5 mo and some lines were subcultured for 10 serial passages. During the logarithmic phase of cell growth, cell-doubling time was 92 h. Light, phase contrast, and scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that cultured human endothelial cells grew as monolayers of closely opposed, polygonal large cells whereas both cultured human fibroblasts and human smooth muscle cells grew as overlapping layers of parallel arrays of slender, spindle-shaped cells. By transmission electron microscopy, cultured endothelial cells were seen to contain cytoplasmic inclusions (Weibel-Palade bodies) characteristic of in situ endothelial cells. These inclusions were also found in endothelial cells lining umbilical veins but were not seen in smooth muscle cells or fibroblasts in culture or in situ. Cultured endothelial cells contained abundant quantities of smooth muscle actomyosin. Cultured endothelial cells also contained ABH antigens appropriate to the tissue donor's blood type; these antigens were not detectable on cultured smooth muscle cells or fibroblasts. These studies demonstrate that it is possible to culture morphologically and immunologically identifiable human endothelial cells for periods up to 5 mo.


The metabolism of cholestanol, cholesterol, and bile acids in cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis. The metabolism of cholesterol and its 5-dihydro derivative, cholestanol, was investigated by means of sterol balance and isotope kinetic techniques in 3 subjects with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX) and 11 other individuals. All subjects were hospitalized on a metabolic ward and were fed diets practically free of cholesterol and cholestanol. After the intravenous administration of [1,2-(3)H]cholestanol, the radioactive sterol was transported and esterified in plasma lipoproteins in an identical manner to cholesterol. In these short-term experiments, the specific activity-time curves of plasma cholestanol conformed to two-pool models in both the CTX and control groups. However, cholestanol plasma concentrations, total body miscible pools, and daily synthesis rates were two to five times greater in the CTX than control individuals. The short-term specific activity decay curves of plasma [4-(14)C]cholesterol also conformed to two-pool models in both groups. However, in the CTX subjects the decay was more rapid, and daily cholesterol synthesis was nearly double that of the control subjects. Plasma concentrations and the sizes of the rapidly turning over pool of exchangeable cholesterol were apparently small in the CTX subjects, and these measurements did not correlate with the large cholesterol deposits found in tendon and tuberous xanthomas. Despite active cholesterol synthesis, bile acid formation was subnormal in the CTX subjects. However, bile acid sequestration was accompanied by a rise in plasma cholestanol levels and greatly augmented fecal cholestanol outputs. In contrast, the administration of clofibrate lowered plasma cholesterol levels 50% and presumably reduced synthesis in the CTX subjects. Plasma cholesterol concentrations and fecal steroid excretion did not change significantly during this therapy. These findings indicate that the excessive tissue deposits of cholesterol and cholestanol that characterize CTX were associated with hyperactive neutral sterol synthesis. The demonstration of subnormal bile acid formation suggests that defective bile acid synthesis may predispose to the neutral sterol abnormalities.


Immune enhancement of pulmonary bactericidal activity in murine virus pneumonia. Bacterial multiplication in the lung associated with murine Sendai virus pneumonia is caused by virus-induced defects in pulmonary bactericidal mechanisms. The nature of this effect has been studied in animals immunized against the challenge bacteria. Mice were immunized against Proteus mirabilis by intraperitoneal inoculation and by aerosol inhalation. After the development of immunity, mice were infected aerogenically with 10(4) TCID(50) of Sendai virus. 7 days later, during the height of the bronchial inflammation and pulmonary consolidation, the mice were challenged with an aerosol of viable (35)S-labeled Proteus mirabilis or (32)P-labeled Staphylococcus aureus.Nonimmunized virus-infected animals showed marked impairment of pulmonary bactericidal activity with subsequent multiplication of the bacterial strain in the case of Proteus mirabilis. Immunized nonvirus-infected animals showed enhancement of pulmonary bactericidal activity for the homologous and heterologous strains in comparison with nonimmunized animals. Virus-infected animals immunized by aerosol showed enhanced bactericidal activity against the homologous but not the heterologous bacterial strain. Neither virus infection nor immunization had a significant effect on the transport of particles in the lung. The data demonstrated that the bacterial multiplication associated with the virus pneumonia was prevented by preceding immunization against the homologous challenge organism. The data suggest a mechanism for controlling bacterial multiplication associated with virus pneumonias.


In vivo suppression of the immune response to alloantigen by cholera enterotoxin. The immune response of C57BL/6 mice to allogeneic (DBA/2) mastocytoma cell suspensions was profoundly suppressed by intraperitoneal administration of 1 mug cholera enterotoxin 4 days after antigenic stimulation. The immune response assayed 11 days after antigen showed decreased cytolytically active thymusderived (T) lymphocytes and markedly depressed serumagglutinating titers. A comparable suppression of the immune response to skin allografts (DBA/2-->C57BL/6) was also effected by cholera toxin administration, although there was no prolongation of allograft survival. The mechanism of the immune suppression is apparently related to the known adenylate cyclase stimulatory activities of choleragen.


Lymph chylomicron formation during the inhibition of protein synthesis. Studies of chylomicron apoproteins. The effect of impaired intestinal protein synthesis on chylomicron apoprotein composition was studied in mesenteric lymph fistula rats. Lymph was obtained from animals with impaired protein synthesis given intraperitoneal acetoxycycloheximide (ACH), a potent inhibitor of protein synthesis. Lymph chylomicrons were then isolated by ultracentrifugation and purified on agarose columns. Purified chylomicrons from control and ACH-treated animals were delipidated, and their apoprotein pattern was examined on sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) polyacrylamide gels. Because we had previously demonstrated a markedly increased lymph chylomicron size during the inhibition of protein synthesis, it was first necessary to determine whether chylomicron apoprotein composition normally varied with chylomicron size. Chylomicrons of varying sizes were prepared by differential ultracentrifugation, and their apoprotein composition was determined densitometrically on SDS polyacrylamide gels. No significant difference in apoprotein composition was found normally with varying chylomicron size. In contrast, however, chylomicrons from ACH-treated animals showed a 50% decrease in a major apoprotein band with R(1) 0.67. Other chylomicron apoproteins were not decreased as a result of impaired protein synthesis, suggesting differing rates of synthesis of the various chylomicron apoproteins. In vivo incorporation studies of [(3)H]leucine into the various apoproteins of lymph chylomicrons demonstrated that this apoprotein (R(1) 0.67) had the most rapid synthesis rate and suggested that it seemed most affected by impaired intestinal protein synthesis. Immunologic studies indicated that this apoprotein was immunologically related to high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and was present in chylomicrons isolated directly from small intestinal mucosa. These studies demonstrate that impaired intestimal protein synthesis is associated with a deficiency in one of the major chylomicron apoproteins and may in part explain the impaired lipid absorption seen during states of impaired protein synthesis.


Alkaline phosphatase. Possible induction by cyclic AMP after cholera enterotoxin administration. The present studies were undertaken to determine the role, if any, of cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP) as a chemical inducer of rat liver alkaline phosphatase. Cholera enterotoxin, given intravenously to rats, led to a rapid rise in the activity of hepatic adenyl cyclase that was 7(1/2) times greater than control values in 6 h. Cyclic AMP levels were also significantly increased above control values while the activity of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase was unchanged. Hepatic alkaline phosphatase activity was increased 5(1/2) times above control in 12 h, but its rise followed that of adenyl cyclase and cyclic AMP by several hours. Cycloheximide inhibited the rise of hepatic alkaline phosphatase but not that of adenyl cyclase. The administration of glucagon, a known stimulator of hepatic adenyl cyclase, and of dibutyryl cyclic AMP, led to similar striking increases in hepatic alkaline phosphatase activity. This alkaline phosphatase increase was blocked by the prior administration of cycloheximide. Bile duct ligation, a known stimulator of hepatic alkaline phosphatase activity, failed to produce any significant changes in adenyl cyclase or cyclic AMP. Concomitant treatment of rats with bile duct ligation and cholera enterotoxin or bile duct ligation and glucagon, had no additive effect on the increase in hepatic alkaline phosphatase activity, although the increase occurred earlier. These results suggest that: (a) cyclic AMP may act as an inducer of hepatic alkaline phosphatase: (b) the stimulation of hepatic alkaline phosphatase by cholera enterotoxin is mediated by cyclic AMP; (c) the rise in hepatic alkaline phosphatase following bile duct ligation is not mediated by cyclic AMP; (d) the same alkaline phosphatase in rat liver may be induced by two (or more) mechanisms, only one of which requires cyclic AMP.


A study of the androgen receptors in a variety of androgen-sensitive tissues.


Corticosterone metabolism by rat adrenocortical cell suspensions and monolayer cultures: the effect of damage on 11-dehydrogenase activity.


Properties of a simplified bioassay for adrenocorticotrophic activity using the steroidogenic response of isolated adrenal cells.


Prevention of gram-negative bacillary pneumonia using aerosol polymyxin as prophylaxis. I. Effect on the colonization pattern of the upper respiratory tract of seriously ill patients. A prospective study used polymyxin B by aerosol to reduce colonization of the upper respiratory tract with nosocomial gram-negative bacilli. 58 high-risk patients from the Respiratory-Surgical Intensive Care Unit entered the trial. 33 were randomly selected to receive 2.5 mg/kg/day of polymyxin B by hand atomizer into the pharynx, and tracheal tube if present. 17 of 25 control patients became colonized with gram-negative bacilli as compared with 7 of 33 polymyxin-treated patients (p < 0.01). Control patients became colonized with a total of 33 gram-negative bacilli: 3 were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 21 were species of Enterobacteriaceae. The polymyxin-treated patients became colonized with a total of 11 gram-negative bacilli: no P. aeruginosa and only 3 species of Enterobacteriaceae were recovered. Colonization increased with duration in Respiratory-Surgical Intensive Care Unit and with time of required controlled ventilation. Polymyxin most effectively prevented the increase in colonization in treated patients who stayed in the Respiratory-Surgical Intensive Care Unit for longer than 1 wk and who required controlled ventilation for at least 72 h.


Some properties of the hydro-osmotic vasopressin "effector": interactions with N-ethylmaleimide.


The episodic nature of changes in ovine plasma cortisol levels and their response to adrenaline during adaptation to a new environment.


Health services on economic development projects.


Paradoxical blockade by p-chlorophenylalanine of 5-hydroxytryptophan facilitatory actions on spinal reflexes.


Effects of phenoperidine on lamina V cells in the cat dorsal horn.


Changes in spinal cord neural mechanisms associated with digitalis administration.


Antiarrhythmic and electrophysiologic properties of UM-272, dimethyl quaternary propranolol, in the canine heart.


Phenylephrine-induced increases in cardiac contractility, cyclic adenosine monophosphate and phosphorylase a.


Effects of hycanthone on spermatogonial cells, deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in bone marrow and dominant lethality in rats.


Mutagenic action of hycanthone and IA-4 on yeast.


Fine structure of rat uterine eosinophils and the possible role of eosinophils in the mechanism of estrogen action.


Subcellular distribution and binding of (6,7-3H) estradiol in rat uterus, at equilibrium, after long-term intravenous infusion.


Dynamic exchange of (6, 73H) estradiol-17beta at the subcellular level in rat uterus.


Slowly exchangeable pool of estradiol in the rat uterus.


Evaluation of micropore filter in the extracorporeal circulation.


Pulmonary phospholipids and surface properties of alveolar wash in experimental paraquat poisoning.


Late effects of moderate doses of quartz dust on pulmonary function and tissue. An experimental study on rabbits.


Hepatitis A: detection by immune electron microscopy of a viruslike antigen associated with acute illness. Spherical 27-nanometer particles were visualized in stools obtained from hepatitis A patients in the acute phase of the disease. The particle was serologically specific for this disease, and every hepatitis A patient tested demonstrated a serologic response to this antigen. The findings suggest that it is the etiologic agent of hepatitis A.


Late effects of large doses of quartz dust on pulmonary function and tissue. An experimental study on rabbits.


Renin-angiotensin role in thirst: paradoxical enhancement of drinking by angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor. A competitive angiotensin converting enzyme antagonist SQ 20, 881 (SQ), was used to examine the role of the renin-angiotensin system in putative renin-dependent thirst in the albino rat. Significant enhancement of "renin-dependent" as well as renin-independent drinking was observed in the presence of peripheral SQ. Intraventricular SQ obviated this enhancement of drinking but did not affect the water intake caused by the original stimulus itself, whereas it sharply reduced drinking evoked by peripheral renin in nephrectomized rats. Prior renin depletion likewise had no influence on so-called renin-dependent thirst.


Serological survey on infection with equine rhinopneumonitis virus among soliped animals in Iran.


Ultrastructure of Leydig cell paracrystalline inclusions, possibly related to Reinke crystals, in the normal human testis.


Ultrastructural investigation of the postnatal development of the hamster Harderian gland. II. Male and female.


Post-coital depletion of dense-core vesicles from the external layer of the rabbit median eminence.


The structural organization of glomerular neuropile in the olfactory and accessory lobes of an Australian freshwater crayfish, Cherax destructor.


On the regeneration of the eye in Helix aspersa and Cryptomphallus aspersa.


Fine structure of eyespots in tornarian larvae (phylum: Hemichordata).


Electron microscopic studies of human pituitary tumors. II. Acidophilic adenomas.


Pinocytotic activity of the uterus of the rat.


Kinetics of viral adsorption in singly and multiply infected bovine cells.


Cholinesterase in the posterior and intermediate lobes of the pituitary. Species differences as determined by light and electron microscopic histochemistry.


Field experiments with formalin-killed-virus vaccine against infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, bovine viral diarrhea and parainfluenza-3.


Distal and proximal sensory responses during stereotactic spinal tractotomy in man.


Foreign cell acantholysis. Electron microscopic study on the pathodynamics of exocytosis.


Ultrastructure of signet ring cells in cutaneous metastases of gastric carcinoma.


Effects of local anesthetics on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from rat pancreas in vitro.


Studies relating to the antihypertensive and antidysrhythmic action of indoramin.


Nature of the transport ATPase-digitalis complex. VI. Purification of and ouabain binding to a highly active cardiac Na+, K+-ATPase.


Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of chromatin proteins of normal rat liver and Novikoff hepatoma ascites cells.


Evidence for the presence of 3', 5'-cyclic AMP in plant tissues.


Proline biosynthesis: multiple defects in Chinese hamster ovary cells.


Isolation of tissue collagenase from homogenates of embryonic chick bones.


Effect of concanavalin A on cellular slime mold development: premature appearance of membrane-bound cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase.


Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and glucagon: stimulation of adenylate cyclase activity via distinct receptors in liver and fat cell membranes.


Effect of concanavalin A on interferon induction by poly IC.


Analogs of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic phosphate. II. Synthesis and enzymatic activity of derivatives of 1,N6-ethenoadenosine 3',5'-cyclic phosphate.


Effects of protein-modifying reagents on an isoenzyme of potato apyrase. Treatment of an isoenzyme of potato apyrase of high adenosine triphosphatase/adenosine diphosphatase (ATPase/ADPase) ratio with iodine, N-acetylimidazole or tetranitromethane inactivates the ATPase activity of this enzyme faster than its ADPase activity. There was protection by substrates with the two last-named substances. This and the appearance of nitrotyrosine suggests the participation of tyrosyl residues in both enzymic activities of potato apyrase. The participation of thiol groups is excluded by the insensitivity of apyrase to p-chloromercuribenzoate. Also, 2-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzyl bromide or carboxymethylation produce the same rate of inactivation of ATPase and ADPase activities. Substrates protect both activities from inactivation. Hydrogen peroxide and photo-oxidation inactivate ATPase activity faster than ADPase activity. There is no protection by substrates. Analysis of pH effects on V(max.) and K(m) suggest different pK values for the amino acid residues at the ATP and ADP sites.


Direct measurement of proton binding to the active ternary complex of pig heart lactate dehydrogenase. With the use of a glass electrode it is shown that one proton is taken up from the solvent when o-nitrophenylpyruvate forms a ternary complex with lactate dehydrogenase and NADH at pH8 and before the complex has rearranged to give products.


Lipids of Crithidia fasciculata. The occurrence and turnover of phosphoinositides.


The sphingolipid composition of bovine kidney cortex, medulla and papilla.


Detailed structure of sphingomyelins and ceramides from different regions of bovine kidney with special reference to long-chain bases.


Microbiological optical resolution of a racemic synthetic prostaglandin intermediate.


Effects of antilipolytic agents and alpha-adrenergic antagonists on cyclic AMP metabolism in hamster white adipocytes.


Sialography: past, present, and future.

Sialography: past, present, and future.


Selective inhibition of human distal tubular function by demeclocycline.


Anti-shock action of steroids other than cortisone.


Effect of biliary tract obstruction on liver microsomes in the rat.


Synergistic effect in viral-bacterial infection: combined infection of the murine respiratory tract with Sendai virus and Pasteurella pneumotropica. Synergism was demonstrated between Sendai virus and Pasteurella pneumotropica in the respiratory tract of mice showing no evidence of previous infection with either agent. Mice aerosol challenged with P. pneumotropica invariably eliminated the viable organism from their lungs within 72 h. In contrast, intrapulmonary killing was delayed in animals previously infected with Sendai virus. Maximum synergism was observed when virus infection preceded bacterial challenge by 6 days. At this time, a mortality rate of 37% was observed as compared with 0, 10, 20, and 10%, respectively, in those animals in which the virus infection preceded bacterial challenge by 1, 3, 9, and 12 days. Previous immunization with Sendai virus completely prevented virus infection and thus the synergistic effect. Synergism with endogenous flora was also noted. Six days after virus infection an endogenous Pasteurella sp. began to proliferate in the bronchopulmonary tissues. Up to 10(4) colony-forming units per lung were recovered but no animals died of the endogenous Pasteurella infection.


Role of immunity in viral-induced bacterial superinfections of the lung. Although viral illnesses are predisposing causes for pulmonary bacterial infections, the interrelationships of viral virulence and host immunity to alterations in susceptibility to bacterial infection are incompletely understood. We used two mutant strains of encephalomyocarditis virus (minimally virulent Mengo-37A and a highly virulent Columbia SK [Col-SK]) to investigate these interrelationships. Mice that had been immunized to Mengo-37A, and nonimmunized controls, were challenged with aerosols containing 10(4) plaque-forming units of Mengo-37A or Col-SK per liter. The effect of each viral infection on pulmonary antibacterial activity was assessed 3 days later by measuring the capacity of the lungs to kill inhaled radiophosphorus ((32)P)-labeled Staphylococcus aureus. The degree of antibacterial dysfunction found was proportional to the virulence of the infecting virus. If the host was immune to the infecting virus, bactericidal function was not impaired by viral challenge. Neither mutant caused significant pulmonary damage; therefore: (i) viral-induced impairment in bactericidal activity reflects, quantitatively, the virulence of the virus and (ii) viral immunity protects pulmonary bacterial defenses by preventing damage to the phagocyte from the virus or its attendant metabolic abnormalities.


Functional development of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal-adrenal cortex axis in the chick embryo, Gallus domesticus.


Mycoplasma-associated induction of interferon in ovine leukocytes. A mycoplasmal species, Acholeplasma laidlawii, isolated as a contaminant from a fetal lamb kidney cell line, was shown to be associated with the induction of interferon in cultures of ovine peripheral blood leukocytes. Broth cultures of the mycoplasma induced between 20 and 230 U of interferon per ml in leukocytes from two adult ewes. The amount of interferon produced correlated with the inoculum size of mycoplasma. Interferon production was associated with replication of the mycoplasma in the leukocyte cultures. Interferon was not induced by sterile mycoplasmal broth, a cell-free filtrate of the mycoplasmal cultures, or heat-inactivated mycoplasmas. The antiviral substance was characterized as interferon by the usual criteria.


Ultrastructure of the intermediate stages in the reverting L-phase organisms of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus faecalis.


Studies on lysosomal acid phosphatase in virus infected HEp-2 cells.


In vitro uptake of active nerve growth factor by dorsal root ganglia of embryonic chick.


Changes in myelin following trauma of the spinal cord in monkeys.


Elaidic acid and serum lipoproteins in starved and fed rats.


Phosphatase systems in Fasciolopsis buski Lankester, 1857 and Gastrodiscus aegyptiacus cobbold, 1876.


The effect of parathyroid hormone on rabbit renal cortex adenyl cyclase during development.


Vitamin D-dependency rickets in institutionalized, mentally retarded children on long term anticonvulsant therapy. II. The response to 25-hydroxycholecalciferol and to vitamin D2.


Effects of angiotensin on the central nervous system.


Phospholipids of outer mitochondrial membranes. Effect of ascorbate on their polyunsaturated fatty acids.


Endospores of actinomycetes: dormancy and germination.


Accelerated auto-infection with Strongyloides species complicating terminal carcinomatosis.


A parasitological survey in the Jogjakarta area of Central Java, Indonesia.


Sclerosing capillary hemangioma in a rhesus monkey.


The metabolism of crotyl phosphate, crotyl alcohol and crotonaldehyde.


Pseudotumour cerebri in Africans.

Pseudotumour cerebri in Africans.


Carcinoid-islet cell tumors.

Carcinoid-islet cell tumors.


Some aspects of ion movements across the membrane of mitochondria isolated from normal and tumour tissues.


Insulin and ACTH production by a streptozotocin responsive islet cell carcinoma.


Effects of streptozotocin on an islet cell carcinoma with hypercalcemia.


Endocrine studies in an arrhenoblastoma responsive to dexamethasone, ACTH and human chorionic gonadotropin.


Systemic lupus erythematosus with adrenal insufficiency.


One (of)alpha-1-lipoprotein in acute viral hepatitis.


Bartter's syndrome and erythrocytosis.

Bartter's syndrome and erythrocytosis.


Study on pre-beta1 lipoprotein fraction.


The role of lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase in the metabolism of plasma lipoproteins.


Prevalence of lipoprotein abnormalities in patients with peripheral vascular disease.


Biochemical and clinical aspects of various lipoprotein patterns.


Aspartylglycosaminuria (AGU). Further aspects on its clinical picture, mode of inheritance and epidemiology based on a series of 57 patients.


Biochemical diagnosis of aspartylglycosaminuria.


Isolation of a murine hepatitis virus from Swiss mice treated with antilymphocyte serum.


The influence of mycoplasmas on the cytopathic effect of varicella virus.


Polyprenyl pyrophosphate-p-hydroxybenzoate polyprenyltransferase activity in mitochondria of broad-bean seeds and yeast. Cell-free homogenates prepared from broad-bean seeds and yeast cells are capable of synthesizing 4-carboxy-2-polyprenylphenols from p-hydroxybenzoate and either isopentenyl pyrophosphate or protein-bound polyprenyl pyrophosphates (produced by incubating a Micrococcus lysodeikticus extract with isopentenyl pyrophosphate). The mitochondria contained all the polyprenyl pyrophosphate-p-hydroxybenzoate polyprenyltransferase activity; however, unlike the homogenates they could not synthesize a side chain from isopentenyl pyrophosphate and had to be provided with protein-bound polyprenyl pyrophosphates.


The electron-transport system of mitochondria from the slime mould Physarum polycephalum. A method is described for the preparation of mitochondria from the slime mould Physarum polycephalum; the mitochondria were not coupled. P. polycephalum mitochondria oxidized added NADH via a rotenone-insensitive pathway, but the oxidation of malate plus glutamate was rotenone sensitive; both of these substrates reduced much less cytochrome b than did succinate, in both aerobic and anaerobic steady states. Spectroscopy at 77 degrees K separated three absorption maxima in the alpha-band region, at 560nm, 553nm and one at 547nm due to cytochrome c. The absorption at 553nm was increased in the aerobic steady state by the addition of 2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline N-oxide, suggesting that it was due to a b-type cytochrome. All three absorption maxima appeared in the aerobic steady state after the addition of a range of substrates. The respiratory activity with different substrates and the response to inhibitors of respiration were similar to those previously described for fungus mitochondria (Weiss et al., 1970; Erickson & Ashworth, 1969). When grown under conditions of haem limitation the mitochondria contained a lower concentration of cytochromes than normal.


Hormone-sensitive adenylyl cyclases. Useful models for studying hormone receptor functions in cell-free systems.


Alcohol inhibition of cyclic AMP-induced insulin release.


The detection of carcinoembryonic antigen in whole serum from patients with malignant and nonmalignant disease.


A post-training survey of community psychiatrists.


Community liaison with a mental hospital.


Growth hormone studies before and during catch-up growth in a child with emotional deprivation and short stature.


Control of plasma aldosterone in primary aldosteronism: distinction between adenoma and hyperplasia.


Urinary cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate levels in diabetes mellitus before and after treatment.


Synthesis and biological activity of certain carbamoyl and alkoxycarbonyl derivatives of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic phosphate.


Pancuronium bromide and other steroidal neuromuscular blocking agents containing acetylcholine fragments.


Solid-phase synthesis of (3-proline,8-isoleucine)-,(1-sarcosine,3-proline,8-isoleucine)-, and (4-phenylalanine,8-isoleucine)angiotensin II as the antagonists of the parent hormone.


Reconstitution of cytochrome oxidase vesicles and conferral of sensitivity to energy transfer inhibitors.


Intercellular communication and tissue growth. VI. Failure of exchange of endogeneous molecules between cancer cells with defective junctions and noncancerous cells.


Molecular sieving of red cell membranes during gradual osmotic hemolysis.


Studies on the epidemiology, microbiology and immunology of trachoma among children at three centres in Western Australia.


Familial combined hyperlipoproteinemia: studies in 91 adults and 95 children from 33 kindreds.


Cortisol metabolism in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency.


Etiology of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Identification of papovavirus.


Herpes simplex meningitis: isolation of herpes simplex virus type 2 from cerebrospinal fluid.


Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly clinicopathological exercises. Case 50-1973.


Cyclic GMP and cell movement.

Cyclic GMP and cell movement.


Possible involvement of taurine in the genesis of muscular dystrophy.


Salting-out in amphiphilic gels as a new approach to hydrophobic adsorption.


Depression of substrate inhibition in gamma irradiated lactic dehydrogenase.


The fluorescence of quinacrine mustard with nucleic acids.


Intake and excretion patterns of naturally occurring radium-226 in humans.


Proteolytic degradation of polymyxins by the enzymes of Bacillus polymyxa.


Polarized single crystal absorption spectra of carboxy- and oxyhemoglobin.


The chemistry of porphyrin pi-cations.

The chemistry of porphyrin pi-cations.


The molecular structure of porphyrin complexes in solution: the interaction of metal porphyrins with various steroids.


Electron paramagnetic resonance studies of iron porphin and chlorin systems.


Metal-metal interactions involving porphyrins: iron-iron spin exchange and iron-chromium electron transfer.


ESR studies of porphyrin pi-cations: the 2A1u and 2A2u states.


Oxidation of ferric porphyrins.

Oxidation of ferric porphyrins.


The study of Zn porphin in an n-octane crystal by optical spectroscopy and magnetic resonance.


Chemistry of type c heme-peptide systems.


Proceedings: Linear and skeletal growth in congenital adrenal hyperplasia.


1,6-Di-O-methanesulphonyl-2,3-4,5-dianhydro-L-iditol, a new potential antitumour agent. Biological investigations.


The Cell.

The Cell.


Entamoeba histolytica.

Entamoeba histolytica.


The prevalence of entamoeba histolytica cyst-passers among hospital inpatients at Princess Tsehai Memorial Hospital.


Gas chromatographic determination of vitamin D in cod liver oil, pharmaceuticals and veterinary preparations.


Aggregation of Hodgkin's disease.

Aggregation of Hodgkin's disease.


Inhibition of pyridoxal kinase from rat liver in vitro by aromatic and aliphatic amines.


Depression in the young.

Depression in the young.


Intraosseous malignant mixed tumor of the maxilla: review of the literature and report of case.


Increased production of cyclic AMP in gastric tissue by stimulation of histamine2 (H2)-receptors.


Inhibitory effect of gammahydroxybutyric acid and gammaaminobutyric acid on the dopamine cells in the substantia nigra.


Release of prostaglandins from isolated cat spleen by angiotensin and vasopressin.


Psychophysiology. Computer software.

Psychophysiology. Computer software.


Relationship of rapid eye movement density to the prior accumulation of sleep and wakefulness.


Failure of reserpinization to decrease the positive inotropic effect of dibutyryl cyclic AMP.


Dibutyryl cyclic AMP--an effective antidote against lethal amounts of amobarbital in the rat.


Comparative studies on lipid composition of Zea mays L. and Typha latifolia L. pollens.


The effects of dibutyryl cyclic AMP on the hepatic mixed function oxidase system in hormonally altered rats.


Adrenergic supersensitivity during ethanol withdrawal in the rat.


Experimental challenge of beef calves vaccinated intranasally with bovine myxovirus parainfluenza-3 vaccine.


Interferon induction and suppression of solid tumor growth in rats by tilorone hydrochloride.


The work of the primary liver cancer research project: the differential diagnosis of primary malignant hepatoma in patients referred to the liver cancer unit.


Hormaonal regulation of cyclic AMP.

Hormaonal regulation of cyclic AMP.


Cryosurgery and glomus jugulare tumors of the ear.


Primary intracranial germ cell tumours.

Primary intracranial germ cell tumours.


Metastases and recurrences in nephroblastoma.


Radiation necrosis of the humerus. A report of three cases.


Physical and chemical properties of respirable coal dust from two United States mines.


The determination of quartz in airborne respirable granite dust by infrared spectrophotometry.


Pearly penile papules. Acral angiofibromas.


Vincristine neurotoxicity and abnormal secretion of antidiuretic hormone.


The modified stuart medium. A common transport medium for Entamoeba histolytica and enteric bacteria. (Preliminary report).


Different optimal temperatures for the biologic activity of rabbit and human lymphocytes in vitro.


Threonine-sensitive aspartokinase from Escherichia coli. Magnetic resonance and binding studies.


Amino protons of cytosine. Chemical exchange, rotational exchange, and salt-induced proton magnetic resonance chemical shifts of aqueous 2',3'-cyclic cytidine monophosphate.


Organization of the lipid phase in viral membranes. Effects of independent variation of the lipid and the protein composition.


Biosynthesis of the C18 family of cutin acids: omega-hydroxyoleic acid, omega-hydroxy-9,10-epoxystearic acid, 9,10,18-trihydroxystearic acid, and their delta12-unsaturated analogs.


Lipid requirements for Rhodopsin regenerability.


Location of aromatic amino acid residues in bovine serum high-density lipoprotein.


The enzymic phosphorylation of N6-(delta 2-isopentenyl) adenosine in chick liver homogenates.


Comparative study of molecular species of glycerolipids in sarcotubular membranes of skeletal muscle of rabbit, rat, chicken, and man.


Properties of inosinic acid dehydrogenase from Bacillus subtilis. I. Purification and physical properties.


Properties of inosinic acid dehydrogenase from Bacillus subtilis. II. Kinetic properties.


The effect of oxygen on metabolism in Astasia.


The reaction of N-ethylmaleimide with different forms of cytochrome oxidase.


Alpha-aminobutyronitrile as an intermediate in cyanide fixation by Rhizoctonia solani.


Diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia by transbronchoscopic lung biopsy.


Separation of some pituitary proteohormones by disc-electrophoresis.


The hypothalamic areas involved in the control of mammotrophic and lactotrophic processes in sheep.


Glucocorticoid receptors in pituitary tumor cells. I. Cytosol receptors.


The serum high density lipoproteins of Macacus rhesus. I. Isolation, composition, and properties.


The serum high density lipoproteins of Macacus rhesus. II. Isolation, purification, and characterization of their two major polypeptides.


Nuclear magnetic resonance studies on pyridine dinucleotides. I. The pH dependence of the carbon 13 nuclear magnetic resonance of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide.


Structural bases for function in cytochromes c. An interpretation of comparative x-ray and biochemical data.


Gluconeogenesis in isolated hepatic parenchymal cells.


Evidence against the natural occurrence of alpha-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide in Azotobacter vinelandii.


The amino acid sequence of ovine pancreatic ribonuclease A.


Adrenal mitochondrial cytochrome P-450 and cholesterol side chain cleavage activity. Differences in the response of the zona glomerulosa and zona fasciculata-reticularis to adrenocorticotropic hormone and its withdrawal.


Ferredoxins from Bacillus polymyxa. Low potential iron-sulfur proteins which appear to contain single four iron, four sulfur centers accepting a single electron on reduction.


Prognostic typing in breast cancer. Further investigation of a necropsy series compared with recent surgical specimens. A comparison of material from necropsy and surgical series has shown that breast carcinoma of cytological types II and III are rare. The majority of cases are of type I. Of the latter, tumours in TNM stage I were not found in the necropsy series, while infiltrating duct carcinomas of type I TNM stage II were also absent. This suggests that the possibility of surgical cure may be better in type I duct carcinomas in stage II than with other histological types. Prolonged survival in contrast to surgical cure was related to type III tumours irrespective of TNM stage.


"Sclerosing haemangioma" of the lung: an alternative view of its development. ;Sclerosing haemangioma' is a name which has been applied to a group of uncommon benign pulmonary lesions characterized by their papillary nature, a sclerotic stroma containing lipid, and, in some cases, evidence of haemorrhage. There is little evidence that these lesions are really angiomatous. Studies of two examples removed surgically after being discovered as incidental radiographic findings, show that the cells lining the papillae have large vacuoles which contain whorled, electron-dense inclusions. These epithelial cells have the features of granular pneumonocytes, cells known to contain phospholipid. Both lipid and cholesterol are abundant in the stroma of both tumours and the lipid is distributed in a nodular fashion. Histochemically the lipid gives a strong reaction to stains for phospholipid and it is suggested that the lipid is derived, not from the haemorrhage, but is produced by the epithelial element of the tumour.


Quantitative relations of fetal and maternal pitiutary-adrenal systems. Even though certain aspects of the fetal pituitary-adrenal system have been extensively studied, much remains to be learned of its basic development and function. In the present work, the effect of maternal hypophysectomy upon quantitative pituitary-adrenal relations in mother and fetus was investigated in pregnant beagle dogs. At 57 days gestation in each of seven normal animals and seven animals 3 wk posthypophysectomy, a cannula for collection of adrenal effluent was placed in a single fetus in utero under halothane anesthesia. A timed fetal adrenal sample was obtained; ACTH (10 mU) was injected into the fetus; 3 min thereafter a second fetal adrenal sample was collected and fetal and maternal peripheral arterial samples were drawn. All fetuses and their adrenal glands were weighed. Concentrations of cortisol and corticosterone were determined by a modification of the double-isotope dilution derivative method of Kliman and Peterson. Mean peripheral cortisol concentrations in mother and fetus were 92 and 94 ng/ml, respectively (ratio 1.0), in normal pregnancies and 11 and 54 ng/ml, respectively (ratio 0.2), in maternal hypophysectomy pregnancies. Weights of fetal adrenal gland pairs of 32 and 44 mg, respectively, in normal and hypophysectomy pregnancies indicate increased fetal ACTH secretion in response to lowered circulating cortisol in the fetus secondary to maternal hypophysectomy. These data demonstrate the presence of an active pituitary-adrenal feedback mechanism in the dog fetus which is partly influenced by maternal pituitary-adrenal function. The shift in the maternal-fetal ratio of peripheral cortisol concentrations from 1.0 to 0.2 occasioned by maternal hypophysectomy neither supports nor rules out the presence of specific placental mechanisms affecting relative concentrations of cortisol in mother and fetus. It does suggest, however, that the relative steroid input into maternal and fetal compartments is one of the factors which influences such concentration ratios. Concentrations of cortisol were significantly higher in fetal adrenal effluent (pre-ACTH) than in fetal peripheral plasma in normal pregnancies, which demonstrates secretion of cortisol by the fetus and shows that corticosteroid of maternal origin does not lead to complete suppression of fetal pituitary-adrenal function. Cortisol secretion rates in response to exogenous ACTH were essentially the same in fetuses in normal and hypophysectomy pregnancies (132 and 128 ng/min, respectively). Thus, fetal adrenal responsiveness to ACTH, i.e., maximum secretory capacity, is not enhanced by increased ACTH stimulation sufficient to induce adrenal hypertrophy in the same fetuses.


The traditional oriental medicine and acupuncture therapy.


Methodology for separation of gangliosides from potential water-soluble precursors.


Antagonistic effects of Myxococcus xanthus on fungi. II. Isolation and characterization of inhibitory lipid factors.


D-galactosamine induced fatty liver. II. Analyses of hepatic lipid compositions.


Whooping cough in Melbourne.

Whooping cough in Melbourne.


The mechanism of initiation of parturition in the ewe.


Protein kinases: aspects of their regulation and diversity.


The role of phospholipids in hormone activation of adenylate cyclase.


Hormonal regulation of gene expression in mammary cells.


Studies on luteinizing hormone and its subunits: development and application of a radioligand receptor assay and properties of the hormone-receptor interaction.


Androgen metabolism and mechanism of action in male pseudohermaphroditism: a study of testicular feminization.


Bicyclic phosphorus esters: high toxicity without cholinesterase inhibition. 4-Isopropyl-2,6,7-trioxa-1-phosphabicyclo[2.2.2]octane 1-oxide has a mouse intraperitoneal lethal dose, 50 percent effective, of 0.18 milligram per kilogram of body weight. Related compounds used by many chemical researchers are also highly toxic. Brain acetylcholinesterase inhibition is not involved in their mode of action. The structural similarity of these compounds to adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) is of interest.


Gas chromatographic analysis of drugs and drug metabolites in biological samples.


Xenotropic viruses: murine leukemia viruses associated with NIH Swiss, NZB, and other mouse strains. Murine leukemia virus activity is present in tissues from NIH Swiss and other mouse strains after cocultivation with nonvirus-yielding rat cells transformed by Harvey sarcoma virus. The resulting pseudotype sarcoma virus has the same type-specific coat as the virus previously isolated from New Zealand black (NZB) mice, and, like the NZB virus, it is unable to infect mouse cells. The results show that this NZB type virus is endogenous in other strains of mice and is xenotropic; that is, it grows only in cells foreign to the host. This is the first clear demonstration that NIH Swiss mice also carry indigenous infectious murine leukemia virus.


On the estimation of some demographic characteristics on a prehistoric population from the American Southwest.


A new enzymatic method for the determination of inorganic phosphate and its application to the nucleoside diphosphatase assay.


Concentration and purification of two small RNA viruses: mycophage PS-1 and bacteriophage phi6.


Interference by ascorbate-2-sulfate in the dinitrophenylhydrazine assay of ascorbic acid.


The diurnal variation of peptidyl proline hydroxylase activity in different tissues of the rat.


Insulin degradation. 8. Protein thiols as co-substrates for glutathione-insulin transhydrogenase.


Degradation of thyroxine by microsomal particles from rat liver. II. Purification of Fe2+-dependent particles and some of their properties.


Occurrence and biosynthesis of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate in isolated Avena etioplasts.


Biosynthesis of NAD in Haemophilus haemoglobinophilus.


Studies on estrogen entry into uterine cells and on estradiol-receptor complex attachment to the nucleus--is the entry of estrogen into uterine cells a protein-mediated process?


Myocardial adenosine kinase: activity and localization determined with rapid, radiometric assay.


Iron-ATP, a by-product of acid extraction of whole blood or red blood cells.


Improved synthesis of 32P-labelled 3',5'-cyclic GMP and other 3',5'-cyclic ribo- and deoxyribonucleotides of high specific activity.


The effects of delta 1-tetrahydrocannabinol on cyclic AMP levels in WI-38 fibroblasts.


Stimulation of purified muscle protein kinase by cyclic AMP and its butyrated derivatives.


Phosphoenolpyruvate:fructose phosphotransferase activity in whole cells and membrane vesicles of Arthrobacter pyridinolis.


On the nature of the serum enzyme catalyzing paraoxon hydrolysis.


Model discrimination and nonlinear parameter estimation in the analysis of the mechanism of action of beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase from Rhodopseudomonas spheroides.


Alterations in the levels of peptide hydrolases and other enzymes in brush-border and soluble fractions of rat small intestinal mucosa during starvation and refeeding.


Inorganic pyrophosphate-phosphohydrolytic activity in human serum. Catalytic properties of the ionic species of PPi and MgPPi complexes.


Localization of 3-beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the inner membrane subfraction of rat testis mitochondria.


Polyphosphate phosphohydrolase from Endomyces magnusii.


Epinephrine- and prostaglandin-sensitive adenyl cyclase in mammary gland.


Interactions of succinate dehydrogenase with cyanide.


Intracellular localization of superoxide dismutase and its relation to the distribution and mechanism of hydrogen peroxide-producting enzymes.


Influence of pyrophosphate on the exchange of calcium and phosphate ions on hydroxyapatite.


Active and passive immunity to bovine viral respiratory diseases in beef calves after shipment. Fifteen steers were vaccinated after shipment with a modified live virus vaccine containing infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR), bovine virus diarrhea (BVD), and bovine myxovirus parainfluenza-3 (PI3), and 16 unvaccinated steers were kept as controls. Geometric mean titers one month after vaccination were highest to BVD, followed by PI3 and IBR. Weight gains were higher during 30 days after vaccination in the controls. One case of acute respiratory disease developed in one vaccinated calf. Revaccination 79 days after the first dose increased antibody to PI3 and BVD virus but not IBR. In a second trial, no clinical respiratory disease developed after shipment of 13 heifers that received an antibacterial-antiviral antiserum or in the 12 controls. Weight gains 30 days after shipment were identical in both groups.


Infectious bursal disease in New Brunswick. A flock of four week old chickens experienced a disease of sudden onset in which the only symptoms were those of depression shortly before death, and in which the predominant histological lesion was necrosis of lymphocytes in the bursa of Fabricius.A virus, designated strain Sk-1, was isolated from pooled bursal tissue of affected birds and was serologically identified as a strain of the infectious bursal agent. This virus was chloroform resistant, did not hemagglutinate guinea pig or chicken erythrocytes and did not produce a cytopathic effect in chick embryo tissue cultures. Equivocal results were obtained in filtration studies but the agent was less than 100nm in diameter. Four week old chicks inoculated with strain Sk-1 developed microscopic lesions in the bursa of Fabricius which were similar to those seen in the original field specimens. Inoculated chick embryos exhibited characteristic macroscopic lesions and necrosis of vascular tissue was a common histological change.A limited serological survey of local poultry flocks indicated that infection by this agent had occurred in four of the ten flocks examined.


Observations of cattle, goats and pigs after administration of synthetic interferon inducers and subsequent exposure to foot and mouth disease virus. Polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid (poly [rI.rC]) was administered intravenously to 11 cattle and 13 goats in doses of 0.25 to 4.0, and 1.0 to 5.0 mg/kg, respectively. Subsequent exposure of these and untreated control animals to foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) failed to demonstrate any differences in either the course or severity of the disease. Serum interferon was detected in cattle one hour after the intravenous administration of poly (rI.rC). Six pigs given 4, 20, or 100 mg/kg of itaconic-acrylic acid copolymer (IAA, HMW) intraperitoneally reacted clinically the same as six untreated control pigs after contact exposure to FMDV. Three pigs given 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg of divinyl ether-maleic anhydride copolymer (DVE/MA, pyran) intraperitoneally similarly failed to show any difference in clinical reaction from three untreated control pigs after intranasal instillation of FMDV. Three pigs given 100, 200 or 400 mg/kg of DVE/MA intraperitoneally developed rapid diffuse peritonitis causing the death of one in 48 hours.


Outpatient management of chronic schizophrenics with fluphenazine enanthate (Prolixin enanthate): a clinical evaluation.


Electrophoretic characterization of bovine serum lipoproteins throughout gestation and lactation.


Immune complex glomerulonephritis in one-year-old C57BL-6 mice induced by endogenous murine leukemia virus and erythrocyte antigens.


Quantitation of mouse mammary tumor virus (MTV) virions by radioimmunoassay.


Production and properties of migration inhibitory factor and interferon in the circulation of mice with delayed hypersensitivity.


Decreased epinephrine response of adenylate cyclase activity of lymphoid cells from immunodeficient pituitary dwarf mice.


Characterization of a second normal antigen that cross-reacts with CEA.


Separation and detection of 35S-labelled taurine, isethionic acid and sulfate.


Unsuspected lymphosarcoma of the kidneys diagnosed as bilateral Wilms tumor.


The electromyogram in facial myokymia and hemifacial spasm.


Canine renal allografts hyperacute rejection: an experimental model for studies on treatment.


The subunits of L-glutamate decarboxylase from Clostridium perfringens.


Studies on the prevalence of Salmonella serotypes in nonhuman primates.


A simple method for determining erythrocyte survival in rats using slchromium.


Latent Pasteurella pneumotropica infection of the gnotobiotic and barrier-held rats.


Strain differences in the response of rats to repeated injections of pentobarbital sodium.


Variability of embryonic development in the rabbit at 19 to 168 hours after mating.


The rabbit pyrogen test.

The rabbit pyrogen test.


Development of a Pasteurella-free rabbit colony.


Mode of killing and plasma corticosterone concentrations in the rat.


A safe and efficient handling device for wild rodents.


A method for intragastric feeding of neonatal rats.


Apparatus facilitating intravenous injections in dogs.


The hemogram and bone marrow profile of normal neonatal and weanling beagle dogs.


Actinomycosis in a primate confirmed by fluorescent antibody technics in formalin fixed tissue.


A rapid screening program for the diagnosis of Dirofilaria immitis infections in dogs.


Hemoglobins, haptoglobins, and transferrins in beagles.


A discrimination problem for restrained beagles.


The miniature pig: a biomedical model for behavioral studies.


Urinary bladder carcinoma in a rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta): a literature review and case report.


Self-mutilation following Innovar-Vet injection in the guinea pig.


Naturally-occurring and experimentally-induced arthritides in rodents: a review of the literature.


Letter: Laboratory animal medicine.

Letter: Laboratory animal medicine.


Effect of ethanol on cyclic AMP levels in the rat brain.


The role of spinal cord facilitation in neurogenic bladder function.


Structure-activity relationships in drug-induced pancreatic islet cell toxicity.


Subcellular localization of human placental aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase.


Action of black widow spider venom at insect neuromuscular junctions.


The inactivation of foot-and-mouth disease virus by ethylenimine and propylenimine.


Localized neurogenic vasoconstriction of the basilar artery.


Indirect coulometric titration of biological electron transport components.


Nucleoside phosphomonesterases: an hypothesis on their physiological role in sporulating bacteria.


Lateral line input to the crista cerebellaris in the eel. Field potentials and histology.


The respiratory chain of Azotobacter vinelandii. II. The effect of cyanide on cytochrome d.


The long-term solubility of a stannous fluoride-zinc phosphate cement.


Incidence of hepatitis associated antigen in chronic liver disease in Southern Italy.


Purification of the human intestinal brush border membrane.


Fusion of mammalian cells by unilamellar lipid vesicles: inflluence of lipid surface charge, fluidity and cholesterol.


Inhibition of cyclic AMP formation and lipolysis in rat adipose tissue by nicotinic acid.


Plasma lipoproteins of turkeys injected with a single dose of diethylstilbestrol.


Quantitative studies on fibrinogen and low-density lipoprotein in human aortic intima.


The reaction of ammonia with acylated disaccharides. X. Octa-O-benzoyl-lactose and other benzoyl derivatives of lactose.


Studies of polysaccharide structure. I. A modification of the Smith degradation.


Trial of an anabolic steroid (oxymetholone) in atherosclerosis with hyperlipoproteinaemia.


Degradation of dextrans by an alpha-1,6-glucan glucohydrolase from Streptococcus mitis.


The methanesulfonylation of 2-benzimidazolemethanol and alpha-(2-benzimidazolyl)benzyl alcohol.


The molecular structures of a glucan and a galactan synthesised by Prototheca zopfii.


Alpha-fetoprotein and Australia antigen in primary liver cancer.


Preliminary clinical trials of butocin (NSC-172755) in patients with generalized carcinoma of the breast.


Chemotherapy of Morris hepatoma 3924A: correlation of size and weight of tumor and preliminary data with 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (5-FUDR; NSC-27640).


Effect of streptonigrin (NSC-45383) and analogs on oncornavirus replication and DNA polymerase activity.


Initiation of globin synthesis in rabbit reticulocyte cell-free systems: inhibition by double-stranded RNA.


Haemoglobin and polypeptide biosynthesis by polyribosomes and ribosomal subparticles.


Structural alterations and content of nicotinamide-adenine nucleotides in skeletal muscle of rat in chronic experimental carbon disulfide intoxication.


Structural aspects of experimental carbon disulfide neuropathy. I. Development of neurohistological changes in chronically intoxicated rats.


Hair cell interactions in the statocyst of Hermissenda. Hair cells in the statocyst of Hermissenda crassicornis respond to mechanical stimulation with a short latency (<2 ms) depolarizing generator potential that is followed by hyperpolarization and inhibition of spike activity. Mechanically evoked hyperpolarization and spike inhibition were abolished by cutting the static nerve, repetitive mechanical stimulation, tetrodotoxin (TTX), and Co(++). Since none of these procedures markedly altered the generator potential it was concluded that the hyperpolarization is an inhibitory synaptic potential and not a component of the mechanotransduction process. Intracellular recordings from pairs of hair cells in the same statocyst and in statocysts on opposite sides of the brain revealed that hair cells are connected by chemical and/or electrical synapses. All chemical interactions were inhibitory. Hyperpolarization and spike inhibition result from inhibitory interactions between hair cells in the same and in opposite statocysts.


The fibrous components of bovine ligamentum nuchae observed in the scanning electron microscope.


Strychnine, morphine and monamine depression.


The effect of local anaesthetic agents on lipolysis by human adipose tissue.


Effect of a highly purified phospholipase C on some electrophysiological properties of the frog muscle fibre membrane.


The metabolism of (ureyl-14C)tolbutamide in vitro and in vivo in man.


Nursing care study: pancreatic dermatosis.


General model for the molecular events in synapses during learning.


The histochemical mapping of "chemical pathways" in the central nervous system.


The incidence of malignant tumours in the mouth-pharynx region in Sweden 1958-1967.


Parthenogenesis in birds.

Parthenogenesis in birds.


Pseudomonas cytochrome c peroxidase. VII. Kinetics of the peroxidatic reaction mechanism.


Pseudomonas cytochrome c peroxidase. 8. The amino acid composition of the enzyme.


Cerebrospinal fluid cytomorphology using cytocentrifugation.


The role of the platelet membrane in platelet function. II. 5-Hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) uptake.


Eosinophilic Pelger-Huët anomaly with myeloproliferative disorder.


Urine testing: a comparison of five current methods for detecting morphine.


Isolation of viruses from single throat swabs processed for diagnosis of group A beta-hemolytic streptococci by fluorescent antibody technic.


Pentose pathway and production of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A mechanism that may protect lungs from oxidants.


Evidence for a human oncogenic virus.

Evidence for a human oncogenic virus.


Demeclocycline-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. In-vivo and in-vitro studies.


Letter: Asymptomatic cytomegalovirus mononucleosis.


Endothelial inclusions and "nuclear bodies" in systemic lupus erythematosus.


Suppression of herpes simplex virus infection by phosphonoacetic acid. Disodium phosphonoacetate when administered orally or topically to mice experimentally infected with herpes simplex virus was able to significantly reduce the mortality associated with the agent. In addition, this compound was able to reduce herpesvirus lesions on the corneas of infected rabbits.


Inactivation of Clostridium perfringens type A spores at ultrahigh temperatures. The inactivation of Clostridium perfringens type A spores (three strains of different heat resistances) at ultrahigh temperatures was studied. Aqueous spore suspensions were heated at 85 to 135 C by the capillary tube method. When survivors were enumerated on the standard plating medium, the spores appeared to have been rapidly inactivated at temperatures above 100 C. The addition of lysozyme to the plating medium did not affect the recovery of spores surviving the early stages of heating, but lysozyme was required for maximal recovery of spores surviving extended heat treatments. The percentage of survivors requiring lysozyme for colony formation increased greatly with longer exposure times or increasing treatment temperature. Time-survivor curves indicated that each spore suspension was heterogeneous with respect to the heat resistance of spore outgrowth system or in the sensitivity of the spores to lysozyme. Recovery of survivors on the lysozyme containing medium revealed greater heat resistance for one strain than has been reported for spores of many mesophilic aerobes and anaerobes. The spores of all three strains were more resistant to heat inactivation when suspended in phosphate buffer, but a greater percentage of the survivors required lysozyme for colony formation.


Silica gel medium for enumeration of petroleumlytic microorganisms in the marine environment. A silica gel medium was developed for the enumeration of petroleumlytic microorganisms in the marine environment. The medium was satisfactorily used for the investigation of the vertical distribution of bacteria in seawater from the surface to 1,000 m depth of western north Pacific central water as well as the neritic region of Japan.


Sand beach bacteria: enumeration and characterization. Bacteria in the water-saturated sand of a relatively unpolluted sand beach were enumerated by direct microscope and viable counting. The number of interstitial bacteria was estimated to be a significant fraction of the total number of bacteria present. Three hundred sixty-two strains were isolated and submitted to cultural and biochemical tests. Fermentational abilities and the production of indole suggested that a significant number of these bacteria were symbiotically associated with resident metazoans.


Direct immunofluorescence test for the diagnosis of genital herpesvirus infections. Herpetic lesions of the genitalia may be confused clinically with other ulcerative, genital lesions. Direct immunofluorescence (FA) provides a rapid method of diagnosis, and the utility of this method for the diagnosis of genital ulcers was examined. One hundred and ten patients with genital lesions were examined by darkfield for syphilis and by FA and culture for herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections. Satisfactory samples were obtained from 102 patients, of which 81 were clinically suspected cases of HSV. Acetone-fixed slides of scrapings of ulcerative lesions were stained with conjugated antiserum prepared in rabbits against HSV type 2. HSV was isolated from 73% of specimens of suspected herpetic lesions, and 77% of these specimens were positive by FA. Nine percent were positive by FA only and these were not thought to represent false positives. Five percent were positive by culture only. A comparison of clinical diagnoses with laboratory findings revealed that 4% of the cases were misdiagnosed when only the clinical evaluation was considered. The data suggest that the inclusion of a diagnostic FA test for HSV along with the darkfield examination may be useful for differentiating the etiological agents of ulcerative, genital lesions.


In vitro production of Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin and its detection by reversed passive hemagglutination. The reversed passive hemagglutination (RPHA) test yielded a positive reaction in 2 h with as little as 0.5 ng of purified Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) per ml as well as with cultures of some C. perfringens grown in Duncan-Strong (DS) medium. This method is the most sensitive, the simplest, and the fastest among all reported. The time course of CPE production of Clostridium perfringens NCTC 8798 in DS was investigated by RPHA. CPE in culture was detectable at 4 h, increased gradually, reached a maximum at 12 to 14 h, and remained at a high level of 20 mug/ml through 48 h of incubation. CPE synthesized within cells is released easily by sonic disruption of young cultures and by aging the cultures 20 h or more. Heat shock of the cell inoculum was essential for CPE production by C. perfringens in DS.


Biodegradation of o-benzyl-p-chlorophenol. The extent of biodegradation of o-benzyl-p-chlorophenol, marketed as a germicide under the name Santophen((R)) 1 (Monsanto Co.), in river water, sewage, and activated sludge was determined. Biodegradation was assessed by use of a colorimetric procedure for phenolic materials, carbon analysis, and CO(2) evolution. In unacclimated river water, 0.1 mg of Santophen 1 per liter was degraded within 6 days. In sewage, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/liter levels of Santophen 1 were degraded in 1 day. Acclimated activated sludge achieved 80% biodegradation of 1.0 mg/liter Santophen 1 in 8 h and 100% in 24 h. When effluent from a semicontinuous activated sludge unit, acclimated to 20 mg of Santophen 1 per liter was used as the inoculum for the CO(2) evolution procedure, 60% of the total theoretical CO(2) was evolved from Santophen 1. Based on the results of these studies, indicating Santophen 1 to be readily biodegraded in at least four biological systems, the continued use of present levels of Santophen 1 should present no significant environmental problems.


Quantitative extraction of adenosine triphosphate from cultivable and host-grown microbes: calculation of adenosine triphosphate pools. EXISTING DATA ON ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE (ATP) POOLS IN MICROBES ARE DEFICIENT FOR TWO REASONS: (i) incomplete extractions of ATP, and (ii) the failure to take into account that the adverse effects of extracting procedures on standard ATP exert analogous effects on the ATP released from bacterial cells. Methods for correcting observed yields and calculating ATP pools have been demonstrated. Three bacterial species were used in the studies on extraction of ATP: Escherichia coli, Mycobacterium phlei, and Mycobacterium lepraemurium. Perchloric acid and n-butanol were disqualified because of their failure to extract total bacterial ATP even from E. coli and because of inconvenient procedures. The new extraction procedure had minimal effects on standard ATP, liberated 100% of the ATP pools from the three representative species of microbes, and caused no ionic imbalance or quenching of bioluminescence. This method involves vortexing of cell suspensions for 10 s with 23% chloroform (vol/vol), heating at 98 C for the required time (E. coli, 3 min; M. phlei, 5 min; M. lepraemurium, 10 min) and then 1 min at 98 C with vacuum to dry the samples. Heat or chloroform alone may suffice for some microbes and release total ATP from plant and animal cells.


Complement-fixing antigens produced by varicella-zoster virus in tissue culture. The complement-fixing antigens present in tissue cultures infected with varicella-zoster virus were separated into four components. There were (i) a cell-free soluble antigen, (ii) a cell-associated soluble antigen, (iii) a cell membrane-associated antigen, and (iv) a virion antigen. All four antigens were reactive with sera from patients with varicella or zoster, and about 90% of the total complement-fixing activity was found to be nonvirion associated.


Medium for the selective enumeration of lactic acid bacteria from foods. A nitrite actidione polymyxin agar was developed for the enumeration of lactic acid bacteria. It was effective in recovering organisms from pure cultures and from foods.


Large-scale purification of ribonucleic acid tumor viruses by use of continuous-flow density gradient centrifugation. This report describes a 200- to 300-fold increase in the quantity of ribonucleic acud tumor virus particles previously isolated at one time by zonal centrifugation.


Enterovirus recovery with vegetable floc. A lettuce floc was prepared and used for recovering enterovirus from an aqueous suspension. The method is simple, and the adsorption of coxsackievirus B5, echovirus 7, and poliovirus 1 is quantitative. The virus-floc complex may be removed from aqueous suspension by low-speed centrifugation and dissolved at an alkaline pH in a small volume of water; virus is then available for assay on cultured cells. Flocs from some other green vegetables also possess the property of virus adsorption


Comparison of methods for the recovery of virus inoculated into ground beef. Various methods for the recovery of virus inoculated into ground beef were investigated in an attempt to develop a sensitive system that could be used to detect viral contaminants in market foods. A 100-g sample, inoculated with poliovirus 1, was suspended in 150 to 900 ml of Eagle minimum essential medium, pH 8.5, and mixed in either plastic bags or plastic cups on a mechanical shaker. The particulate materials were removed by means of cheese cloth, glass wool, woven fiber glass, or low-speed centrifugation. Large volumes of fluid were concentrated by ultrafiltration. Microbiological contamination was controlled by high antibiotic concentrations or by filtration. Quantitative plaque-forming-unit recovery of the virus was determined by utilizing an agar overlay technique on Vero cell cultures. The data indicated that from 20 to 50% of the seeded virus could be recovered from a 100-g sample of ground beef. The glass wool and woven fiber glass methods were the most effective, with recovery of approximately 50% of the inoculated virus.


Isolation and characterization of corynebacteria from burned children. A total of 221 strains of corynebacteria were isolated and characterized by methods which included tests encompassing five schemes proposed for grouping cutaneous diphtheroids. Seventy-one strains (group I) were isolated from the hospital air in patient areas and from the normal skins of children admitted for reconstructive surgery of old healed burns and from the normal skins of nursing personnel. One hundred and fifty strains (group II) were isolated from various clinical specimens and from normal skins of a population of acutely burned children. The majority of the strains in group I were lipophilic and contained the largest number of fluorescent strains. Among the group II strains, there was a subgroup which was nonsusceptible to oxacillin, lincomycin, erythromycin, and kanamycin and also had in common the fermentation of glucose and galactose, reduction of both nitrate and nitrite, and growth on 40% bile agar. These strains were the most commonly recognized types isolated from acutely burned patients and possibly originated from the patient's intestinal tract. Data indicated that the air was not a means of transmission for these corynebacteria among acute patients. Corynebacteria were isolated from 11% of the burn wound cultures by using a selective medium but were found in 66% of the acute patients. Over 90% of the strains in groups I and II did not conform sufficiently with described characteristics of common human indigenous corynebacteria to be accurately speciated.


Complement-fixation analysis of four subtypes of foot-and-mouth disease virus type A. Complement-fixation patterns were established for four subtypes of foot-and-mouth disease virus by block assays against homologous and heterologous antiserum. Inhibition of fixation by excess antigen was observed in most homologous systems but rarely in the heterologous systems. The heterologous antibody titers were, in all instances, considerably lower than those for the homologous systems. Although relatively high dilutions of antiserum may be desirable for subtyping, higher concentrations of antibody should be used for determining serological types.


Microcomplement-fixation inhibition: a rapid and economical test to detect non-complement-fixing antibodies. Complement-fixation inhibition test was adapted to the microtiter system. When cat and monkey non-complement-fixing antibody were used, the microtest was shown to be as sensitive as the conventional tube complement-fixation inhibition test.


Plaque assay for polyoma virus on primary mouse kidney cell cultures. A plaque assay for polyoma virus using primary baby mouse kidney cells is reported.


Serum from schizophrenic patients. Effect on cellular lactate stimulation and tryptophan uptake.


Effect of vestibular and auditory stimulation on the REMs of REM sleep in autistic children.


Depression, psychopathy, and herpesvirus type I antibodies. Lack of relationship.


Electron microscope observation of viruslike particles in comedocarcinoma of the human breast.


Assessment of significance of proportions of intraductal and infiltrating tumor growth in ductal carcinoma of the breast.


Light microscopic identification of the ribosome-lamella complex in "hairy cells" of leukemic reticuloendotheliosis.


Ultimobranchial thyroid neoplasms in bulls. A syndrome resembling medullary thyroid carcinoma in man.


Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma. A study of the ultrastructure.


A radiation-induced breast cancer.

A radiation-induced breast cancer.


Turnover of cholesteryl esters in plasma low-density and high-density lipoproteins in familial hyperbetalipoproteinaemia.


On the role of food vacuole formation in the uptake of dissolved nutrients by Tetrahymena.


Two-dimensional electrophoresis of proteins of citric acid nuclei prepared with aid of a Tissumizer.


Studies on the uptake and metabolism of adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate and N6,O2-dibutyryl 3':5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate in sea urchin eggs.


Does the activation of succinate dehydrogenase affect the phosphorylating system in sub mitochondrial particles?


Quantitation of acid phosphatase and aryl sulphatase in rat hepatic parenchymal and kupffer cells.


Constraints on the mechanism of reduction of molecular oxygen by cytochrome oxidase under coupled conditions.


LH-RH stimulated gonadotropin release mediated by two distinct pituitary receptors.


Mitochondrial protein synthesis and cyanide-resistant respiration in copper-depleted, cytochrome oxidase-deficient Neurospora crassa.


Aminopropyl glass and its p-phenylene diisothiocyanate derivative, a new support in solid-phase Edman degradation of peptides and proteins.


Changes in membrane function and chromatin template activity in diploid and transformed cells in culture.


Fatty acid composition of plasma lipoproteins in control subjects and in patients with malabsorption. The fatty acid composition of cholesterol (cholesteryl) ester, triglyceride, and lecithin has been investigated in whole plasma and individual lipoproteins of healthy control subjects, of patients with malabsorption, and also of patients without malabsorption. The results show a decreased proportion of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid in all three lipid classes in both groups of patients as compared with the healthy controls. This abnormality was more marked in the malabsorbers, especially those with steatorrhoea secondary to intestinal resection. Unequivocal biochemical evidence of essential fatty acid deficiency, as indicated by the appearance of 5, 8, 11 eicosatrienoic acid in plasma lecithin, was observed in two patients, both of whom had undergone major intestinal resections. The results suggest that intestinal resection predisposes to the development of essential fatty acid deficiency.


NMR spectroscopy: antibiotic interactions with phospholipids.


Relative efficiency of cell cultures for detection of viruses.


Rapid quantitative GLC analysis of digoxin.


Effect of addition of sodium salts to salicylic acid--cetrimide system.


The phospholipid composition of human spermatozoa and seminal plasma.


Renin release in anesthetized rats.

Renin release in anesthetized rats.


Studies on the metabolism of aldosterone in chronic renal failure and anephric man.


Dynamic studies of aldosterone in anephric man.


Congenital varicella-zoster infection related to maternal disease in early pregnancy.


Pentobarbital: selective depression of excitatory postsynaptic potentials. The effects of pentobarbital (Nembutal) on synaptic transmission and postsynaptic potentials were studied by the use of several invertebrate preparations. Pentobarbital selectively and reversibly depressed both excitatory postsynaptic potentials and sodium-dependent postsynaptic responses to putative excitatory transmitters without affecting either inhibitory postsynaptic potentials or chloride- and potassium-dependent postsynaptic responses to putative transmitters. A selective depression of postsynaptic excitatory events was also observed with other central nervous system depressants (ethanol, chloroform, chloralose, diphenylhydantoin, and urethane). The results suggest that central and peripheral depression observed during general anesthesia is due to a selective depression of excitatory synaptic events.


Effects of dibutyryl cyclic AMP on restoration of function of damaged sciatic nerve in rats. In two experiments, the sciatic nerve of rats was either crushed or hemisected, and N(6),O(2)-dibutyryl adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate or saline was injected intramuscularly near the site of the lesion. In both types of nerve damage, the sensorimotor functions of animals treated with N(6),O(2)-dibutyryl adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate returned earlier than did those of saline-treated control animals.


Hypertensive action of 18-hydroxydeoxycorticosterone. 18-Hydroxydeoxycorticosterone is an adrenal steroid hormone causing salt and water retention and is secreted in greatly increased amounts in response to the pituitary hormone adrenocorticotropic hormone. Its production is abnormally high in some forms of hypertension in man and rat. Direct proof that 18-hydroxydeoxycorticosterone is capable of causing hypertension is present. Daily subcutaneous injections of 200 micrograms, a low physiological dose, significantly increase the blood pressure of unilaterally nephrectomized saline-treated rats after 2 weeks. This strengthens the hypothesis that 18-hydroxydeoxycorticosterone contributes to the etiology of hypertension, possibly by a mechanism involving stressinduced release of adrenocorticotropic hormone.


Treatment of acromegaly by stereotaxic cryohypophysectomy.


Gonadal dysgenesis: the XY variant.

Gonadal dysgenesis: the XY variant.


Current concepts in diagnosis: electromyography in the diagnosis of neuromuscular disease.


Polio and Coxsackievirus antibodies of New Guinean children.


Amoebic liver abscess in eastern Uttar Pradesh, India.


Effect of succinylcholine on single motor end-plates in man.


A study of the invasive growth of malignant tumors. II. Ultrastructural features of the metastatic growth of Yoshida ascites hepatoma 7974 in the rat brain.


Cell recognition and phagocytosis of SV40 transformed cell.


Proposed standard methodology for the evaluation of silicosis hazards.


Defective interfering viruses.

Defective interfering viruses.


The EB virus.

The EB virus.


Inhibition of gluconeogenesis in vitro by a metabolite of hypoglycin.


The cyclic AMP receptor of Escherichia coli: immunological studies in extracts of Escherichia coli and other organisms.


Progesterone receptor associated with the "melanosome" fraction of Pleurodeles waltlii oocytes (Urodela amphibian).


Stimulation by insulin of ornithine decarboxylase activity in cultured mammary tissue.


Isolation and characterization of fucose sulfate from jelly coat glycoprotein of sea urchin egg.


The physical chemistry of hemes. II. Electron paramagnetic resonance study of the interaction of some iron(3)-porphyrins with fluoride ion in dimethylformamide.


Adult rat brain synaptic vesicles. II. Lipid composition.


Nuclear envelope isolation in peas.

Nuclear envelope isolation in peas.


The asymmetric distribution of phospholipids in the human red cell membrane. A combined study using phospholipases and freeze-etch electron microscopy.


A study on phospholipid exchange proteins present in the soluble fractions of beef liver and brain.


DNA methylation in normal and tumour virus-transformed cells in tissue culture. I. The level of DNA methylation in BHK21 cells and in BHK21 cells transformed by polyoma virus (PyY cells).


Studies on the relationship between adenylate cyclase activity and calcium transport by cardiac sarcotubular membranes.


Increased incidence of lung metastases following treatment of rats bearing hepatomas with irradiated tumour cells and the benefical effect of Corynebacterium parvum in this system.


Antiviral activity of polynucleotides: poly(2'-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridylic acid).


Radioimmunoassay of melanocytes-stimulating hormone (beta-MSH) in human plasma.


Catecholamine uptake processes.

Catecholamine uptake processes.


Catecholamines in invertebrates.

Catecholamines in invertebrates.


Prostaglandins at adrenergic nerve-endings.


The mechanisms of action of some antihypertensive drugs.


Dopamine in the basal ganglia. Its role and therapeutic implications (including the clinical use of L-DOPA).


An efficient ultrafiltration method for enterovirus recovery from ground beef.


Editorial: Spread of colds.

Editorial: Spread of colds.


Purification of Clostridium perfringens type C theta toxin.


Biosynthesis of thiamine by Phycomyces blakesleeanus.


Electron microscopic studies on the trabecular meshwork in two cases of corticosteroid-glaucoma.


Tumour-associated antigen in the serum of rats with large Rous sarcoma virus-induced tumours.


Growth in spinner culture of AKR mouse cells, the K3b, induced by the Schmidt-Ruppin strain of Rous sarcoma virus.


Failure of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) infection to suppress the growth of transplanted mouse and rat sarcomas.


Time relationship between the lateral geniculate nucleus activity and eye movement in the unanesthetized and reserpinized cat.


Effects of L-DOPA on natural night sleep and on rebound of REM sleep.


Presence of fast moving type IV hexokinase isozyme in Morris hepatoma.


Synergistic effect of fusidic acid with polymyxin-B and amphotericin-B on transformed and normal fibroblastic cells.


Measurement of estrogen-binding capacity in the hormone-dependent and  -independent rat mammary tumors.


Carcinostatic effect of 1,1'-polymethylenebis-(1-nitrosourea) on AH-13 and L-1210 cells.


A serological survey of adenovirus infection in Pondicherry.