A simple fluorimetric microassay for adenine compounds in platelets and plasma and its application to studies on the platelet release reaction. 1. The formation of a stable fluorescent product between chloroacetaldehyde and adenine or its derivatives provides the basis of a rapid simple assay for total adenine compounds in blood platelets and in plasma. The assay will measure down to 200pmol of adenine nucleotides. An evaluation of the method established the optimum conditions for the production of maximum fluorescence. 2. Values obtained for total adenine compounds in platelets were 12.9nmol/10(8) cells in man and 7.8nmol/10(8) cells in rat. These closely agree with previous values for total platelet adenine nucleotides found by using a firefly luciferase assay, or a recycled NAD-linked photometric assay. This supports the concept that the chloroacetaldehyde reaction measures total adenine nucleotides in platelets. 3. Platelet aggregation induced by collagen was studied photometrically in 0.1ml volumes of citrated platelet-rich plasma, and total adenine nucleotides were assayed in platelets and plasma before and after aggregation. During aggregation 58% of adenine nucleotides were released from human platelets, and 36% from rat platelets. 4. The chloroacetaldehyde assay is no substitute for more sophisticated procedures, but is a simple sensitive means of monitoring the release of adenine nucleotides from blood platelets and is particularly valuable when small plasma samples must be used.


Fate of corticotrophins in an isolated adrenal-cell bioassay and decrease of peptide breakdown by cell purification. 1. The fate of corticotrophins in a trypsin-dispersed rat adrenal-cell assay system was investigated with a view to establishing whether differences in the rate of inactivation might contribute to potency differences observed between analogues. 2. Corticotrophin-(1-24)-tetracosapeptide and to a lesser extent synthetic 1-39 corticotrophins were found to be inactivated during incubation with cell suspension. 3. Peptide fragments were isolated by using [[(3)H(2)]Tyr(23)]corticotrophin-(1-24)- tetracosapeptide as a marker. The fragments indicate a peptidase with a predominantly tryptic specificity. 4. The peptidase is present in the extracellular fluid and is released from cells when they are damaged. 5. Cells were fractionated on an albumin gradient. Cells from the zona fasciculata and the zona intermedia or reticularis were present in fractions which produced fluorogenic steroids in response to corticotrophin. 6. Purification of the cells by centrifugation through albumin decreased degradation by peptidases, so that if the assay is carried out with a dilute suspension of purified cells peptide breakdown should not affect the observed potencies of adrenocorticotrophin analogues. 7. No binding of [[(3)H(2)]Tyr(23)]corticotrophin-(1-24)- tetracosapeptide to cells could be detected at low concentrations of the peptide. This indicated that less than 120 receptors/cell are occupied during stimulation by a dose that would elicit approx. 80% of the maximal response.


The detection and characterization by electron-paramagnetic-resonance spectroscopy of iron-sulphur proteins and other electron-transport components in chromatophores from the purple bacterium Chromatium. Low-temperature e.p.r. (electron-paramagnetic-resonance) spectroscopy was used to detect electron-transport components in Chromatium chromatophores with e.p.r. signals in the g=2.00 region. High-potential iron protein (E(m8.0)=+325mV, where E(m8.0) is the midpoint potential at pH8) and a second component (g=1.90, E(m8.0)=+285mV) are oxidized in illuminated chromatophores. Two iron-sulphur proteins (g=1.94) with E(m8.0)=-290mV and E(m8.0)=-50mV are present. One (E(m8.0)=-50mV) is reduced on illumination. A component (g=1.82) with E(m8.0)=-135mV is photoreduced at 10 degrees K. The midpoint potential of this component is altered by o-phenanthroline and pH. The properties of this component suggest that it is the primary electron acceptor of a photochemical system. Another component (g=1.98) also has some of the properties of a primary electron acceptor, but its function cannot be completely defined. These results show that iron-sulphur proteins are present in the electron-transport system of Chromatium and indicate their role in electron transport.


A protein kinase inhibitor in brown adipose tissue of developing rats. A heat-stable protein was extracted from brown adipose tissue of infant rats that inhibited both purified bovine heart protein kinase and a crude preparation of protein kinase from brown fat. It did not act as an adenosine triphosphatase nor did it exert its effect by proteolytic action. Inhibition of protein kinase was affected in both the presence and the absence of cyclic AMP. Most of the inhibitory activity was present in the 100000g supernatant fraction of tissue homogenates. Inhibitory activity was highest perinatally and it declined 10 days after birth. It is suggested that the protein kinase inhibitor may play a role in regulating cyclic AMP actions.


The development of cytochromes during the cell cycle of a glucose-repressed fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe 972h-. 1. Spectrophotometric analysis of intact cells of Schizosaccharomyces pombe, harvested from exponentially growing cultures during the phase of glucose repression, revealed the presence of cytochromes a+a(3), c and at least two species of cytochrome b. 2. An absorption maximum at 554nm at 77 degrees K, previously attributed to cytochrome c(1), has been identified as a b-type cytochrome. 3. CO-difference spectra reveal the presence of cytochromes P-420 and P-450 in addition to cytochrome a(3). 4. The cell cycle was analysed by separation of cells into classes representing successive stages in the cell cycle by isopycnic zonal centrifugation. 5. Cytochromes c(548), b(554) and b(560) each exhibited a single broad maximum of synthesis during the cell cycle. 6. Amounts of cytochromes a+a(3) and b(563) (tentatively identified as cytochrome b(T) by its reaction on pulsing anaerobic cell suspensions with O(2)) oscillated in phase, and showed two maxima during the cycle; the second maximum of cytochromes a+a(3) was coincident with a maximum of activity of enzymically active cytochrome c oxidase. 7. The amount of cytochrome P-420 decreased during the first three-quarters of the cell-cycle, whereas that of cytochrome P-450 increased during this period. 8. The discrepancy between spectrophotometric and enzymic assay of cytochrome c oxidase, the changing ratio of cytochrome a(3)/cytochrome a and the relationship between changes in cellular content of cytochromes and previous observations on respiratory oscillations during the cell cycle are discussed.


Oxidative decarboxylation of glycollate and glyoxylate by leaf peroxisomes. 1. The conditions under which peroxisomal preparations from leaves of spinach beet and spinach catalyse the release of (14)CO(2) from [1-(14)C]glycollate and [1-(14)C]glyoxylate were investigated. 2. At pH8, (14)CO(2) production from [1-(14)C]glyoxylate was accompanied by equivalent quantities of formate. The accumulation of oxalate and the effects of various reagents, especially catalase inhibitors, show that glyoxylate is non-enzymically oxidized by H(2)O(2), which is generated by the oxidation of glyoxylate to oxalate by the action of glycollate oxidase. 3. (14)CO(2) is shown to be generated from [1-(14)C]glycollate at pH8 by a similar reaction, but the H(2)O(2) is generated mainly by the oxidation of glycollate to glyoxylate. 4. The physiological significance of these reactions is discussed, with special reference to their role in photorespiration.


Accumulation of lanthanum by rat liver mitochondria. The interaction of La(3+) with rat liver mitochondria was examined with a wide variety of techniques permitting measurement of respiratory and structural responses. It is concluded that La(3+) is accumulated by mitochondria in a process that is at least partially energy-dependent, and is bound with quite high affinity to membrane-associated sites both external and internal to the inner membrane. The relative insensitivity of the accumulation process to respiratory inhibitors and to the permeant anion acetate has interesting implications for the mechanism of active cation transport.


Microbial metabolism of amino alcohols. Aminoacetone metabolism via 1-aminopropan-2-ol in Pseudomonas sp. N.C.I.B. 8858. 1. Pseudomonas sp. N.C.I.B. 8858 grew well on d- and l-1-aminopropan-2-ol and on aminoacetone. 2. Cell-free extracts possessed high activities of inducibly formed l-1-aminopropan-2-ol-NAD(+) oxidoreductase, amino alcohol-ATP phosphotransferase, dl-1-aminopropan-2-ol O-phosphate phospho-lyase and aldehyde-NAD(+) oxidoreductase, but no 1-aminopropan-2-ol racemase or d-1-aminopropan-2-ol-NAD(+) oxidoreductase. 3. The amino alcohol kinase (activated by ADP) was non-stereospecific towards 1-aminopropan-2-ol and was one-third as active with ethanolamine. The phospho-lyase was active with l- and d-1-aminopropan-2-ol O-phosphate, but ethanolamine O-phosphate was only one-tenth as active as its higher homologues. The purified aldehyde dehydrogenase was active with propionaldehyde, acetaldehyde and also with methylglyoxal. The previously observed 2-oxo aldehyde dehydrogenase activity was considered to be due to the broadly specific aldehyde dehydrogenase. 4. Mutants of Pseudomonas sp. N.C.I.B. 8858 deficient in 1-aminopropan-2-ol kinase, 1-aminopropan-2-ol O-phosphate phospho-lyase, aldehyde dehydrogenase or an enzyme involved in propionate metabolism were incapable of growth on aminoacetone or 1-aminopropan-2-ol as carbon source, although all except the kinase- or phospho-lyasedeficient mutants could use these compounds and ethanolamine as nitrogen sources. The aldehyde dehydrogenase-deficient mutants produced copious amounts of propionaldehyde and acetaldehyde during growth on the corresponding amino alcohols. 5. The path of aminoacetone metabolism in Pseudomonas sp. N.C.I.B. 8858 was concluded to involve l-1-aminopropan-2-ol, the O-phosphate ester of this compound, propionaldehyde and propionate as obligatory intermediates. d-1-Aminopropan-2-ol was metabolized by the same route as the l-isomer, gratuitously inducing formation of the stereospecific l-1-aminopropan-2-ol dehydrogenase. 6. Extracts of the pseudomonad grown with ethanolamine as the nitrogen source were devoid of 1-aminopropan-2-ol dehydrogenase, the kinase and the phospho-lyase, but exhibited cobamide coenzyme-dependent deaminase activity. Mutants deficient in kinase or phospho-lyase (deaminating) grew well on ethanolamine as the nitrogen source. Ethanolamine deaminase was inactive with, but inhibited by, 1-aminopropan-2-ol.


The involvement of endogenous dolichol in the formation of lipid-linked precursors of glycoprotein in rat liver. Endogenous dolichol was shown to function as a natural acceptor of mannose residues by using regenerating rat liver containing [(3)H]dolichol. When subcellular fractions from this liver were incubated with GDP-[(14)C]mannose a double-labelled lipid, which represented 30% of the total [(14)C]mannolipid, could be isolated. This lipid was shown to be identical with the dolichol phosphate mannose formed from exogenous dolichol phosphate, by chromatography, stability to alkali and by chemical cleavage to mannose and dolichol derivatives. It was formed by the rough endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. If it is concerned in glycoprotein synthesis this would suggest that it functions in the formation of both secreted and mitochondrial glycoproteins. When both the dolichol and retinol of rat tissue were radioactive they made similar contributions to the synthesis of the lipid by liver microsomal fractions and intestinal epithelial cells.


Effects of collagen and of aspirin on the concentration of guanosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate in human blood platelets: measurement by a prelabelling technique. A method is described for isolating cyclic [(3)H]GMP from platelets preincubated with [(3)H]guanine. Collagen increased and aspirin decreased the cyclic [(3)H]GMP concentration in platelets. The results are consistent with a role for cyclic GMP in the platelet release reaction.


Triethylcholine inhibition of phosphatidylcholine synthesis in synaptosomes and mouse leukemic cells L1210 and accelerated synaptosomal uptake of choline and triethylcholine in the presence of acetylcholine.


Effect of phenobarbital or pregnenolone-16alpha-carbonitrile (PCN) pretreatment on acute carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity in rats.


Rat brain microsomal gangliosides. Accessibility to a neuraminidase preparation and the possible existence of different pools in relation to their biosynthesis. 1. Treatment of rat brain microsomal membranes with a neuraminidase preparation from Clostridium perfringens resulted in an almost complete conversion of polysialogangliosides into monosialogangliosides. 2. Neuraminidase treatment of the membranes did not increase the incorporation of N-[(3)H]acetylneuraminic acid from CMP-N-[(3)H]acetylneuraminic acid into the gangliosidic fraction, indicating that a monosialoganglioside is an acceptor of N-acetylneuraminic acid in these membranes only if, in addition to having the right chemical structure, it is in a proper position, probably in relation to the endogenous sialyltransferases. 3. These experiments also indicated that no independent turnover of the neuraminidase-labile N-acetylneuraminyl groups of gangliosides occurred in vitro. 4. N-[(3)H]Acetylneuraminic acid from endogenous polysialogangliosides labelled in vitro was released by neuraminidase at a slower rate than N-acetylneuraminic acid from unlabelled gangliosides of the same membranes. From this it was concluded that recently synthesized polysialogangliosides (completed in vitro) are in the membranes in a position less accessible to neuraminidase than are those synthesized earlier which were present in the membranes at the start of the labelling experiment.


Purification of human renin and inhibition of its activity by pepstatin.


Effect of certain metabolic regulators on the activity of lysosomal enzymes in regenerating rat liver.


Mesophilic clostridia in Puget Sound.

Mesophilic clostridia in Puget Sound.


Stability of different viruses in a newly developed transport medium.


Production and control of extracellular enzymes in Micrococcus sodonensis.


Purification and partial characterization of an antibiotic produced by Myxococcus xanthus.


Characterization of the nadR locus in Escherichia coli.


Interaction of phentolamine and noradrenaline on myocardial contractility and adenyl cyclase activity.


Ultrastructural changes associated with UV irradiation in the "germinal plasm" of Xenopus laevis.


Some aspects of the behavior of young and adult rats treated with p-chlorophenylalanine in infancy.


Murine reticulum cell neoplasms type B (Hodgkin's-like lesions) induced in BALB-c mice with field isolates of murine leukemia virus.


Formation of lithogenic bile in man.

Formation of lithogenic bile in man.


Acceptor control ratio of mitochondria. Factors affecting it in Morris hepatoma 5123 and Yoshida hepatoma AH-130.


Letter: Serum dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity in patients with leukemia and in patients with hepatoma.


Conjugation of enzymes to anti-poliovirus globulin: effect of enzyme molecular weight on virus neutralization capacity.


The enhanced immogenicity of horse cytochrome C by light dinitrophenylation.


Retention of significant antibody binding by surface antigens of feline leukemia cells (FLA) after fixation with formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde.


Control of interferon, migration inhibition factor, and expression of virus capsid antigens in Burkitt's lymphoma-derived cell lines: role of L-arginine. The effects of an arginine-utilizing mycoplasma, Mycoplasma arginini, and of varying levels of arginine in the growth media of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-containing EB1 and EB3 cell lines, and the EBV-free RPMI 1788 cell line, were studied. l-Arginine, at a concentration of 0.1 mM in the growth medium, led to a reduction of the EBV capsid antigen content of the EB1 and EB3 cells lines as determined by indirect immunofluorescence, and M. arginini infection enhanced this reduction. The synthesis of two immune products, interferon and macrophage migration inhibition factor, was enhanced by growing the cell lines in medium containing arginine at a concentration of 0.1 mM, but the RPMI 1788 cell line produced much less of both products than EB1 or EB3 under these conditions. Infection of the cell lines with M. arginini reduced the amount of interferon produced and completely inhibited macrophage migration inhibition factor synthesis. The addition of arginine to a final concentration of 0.6 mM in the growth medium caused a dual effect: the EB1 and EB3 cell lines maintained the original level of EBV capsid antigens, even when infected with M. arginini; immune product synthesis was greatly reduced or completely inhibited by the addition of arginine, and M. arginini infection caused no further reduction of immune product synthesis.


Cytomegalovirus interference in vitro.

Cytomegalovirus interference in vitro. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) was shown to induce a state of viral interference in human embryo fibroblast cultures (HEF). This interference was characterized by: (i) requirement for infectious virus; (ii) a latent period (48 to 96 h) for establishment of the interference; (iii) activity against a representative group of heterologous viruses; (iv) loss of interfering activity when challenged with a high multiplicity of infection; (v) lack of effect on adsorption of virus; (vi) mediation by a soluble product of CMV-cell interaction that it is not blocked by anti-CMV antibody; and (vii) absence of detectable interferon, although the soluble mediator shares a number of characteristics with interferon. This state of interference in HEF cultures could be simulated by extended exposure to subdetectable levels of human interferon. It is postulated that CMV induced the production of a soluble, interferon-like mediator of viral interference and that continuous exposure of the HEF culture to this mediator resulted in the development of resistance to a number of heterologous viruses.


A new method for the investigation of the capture reaction in phosphatase cytochemistry. 3. Effects of the composition of the incubation medium on the trapping of phosphate ions in a model system.


Alleged rape. An invitational symposium.


Analogs of cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP: general methods of synthesis and the relationship of structure to enzymic activity.


Effects of ethanol on gastric mucosal adenosine 3', 5' monophosphate (cAMP).


The neuroendocrinology of human sleep.

The neuroendocrinology of human sleep.


Protein and polypeptide hormones as inhibitors.


The Montefiore Hospital after-care program.


Isoniazid as a cause of neuropathy and sideroblastic anaemia.


Triglyceride storage disease. A group of inborn errors of triglyceride metabolism.


Familial lipoatrophic diabetes with dominant transmission. A new syndrome.


Reconstruction of the trachea. Experience in 100 consecutive cases.


Occurrence of precipitating antibodies to bluetongue virus in sera of farm animals in Iran.


Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia: specificity of the biochemical defect in cultured cells and feasibility of prenatal detection.


Gene frequencies of erythrocytic enzymes of Alaskan Eskimos and Athabaskan Indians.


Effects of dibutyryl cyclic AMP on alpha-methyl-d-glucoside accumulation in rabbit kidney.


Initiation of transcription by RNA polymerases of Escherichia coli and phage T3.


Studies on the transcription of simian virus 40 and adenovirus type 2.


Neurogenic pressor response due to mesencephalic electrical stimulation--effect of blockade of renin-angiotensin system.


Termination and antitermination in transcription: control of gene expression.


Control of transcription in Bacillus brevis by small molecules.


Transcription of double-stranded viral and cellular DNAs by purified mammalian DNA-dependent RNA polymerases.


Picrotoxin antagonism of gamma-aminobutyric acid inhibitory responses and synaptic inhibition in the rat substantia nigra. Neurones in the substantia nigra of the rat, anaesthetized with urethane, are inhibited both by electrical stimulation of the ipsilateral caudate nucleus and by iontophoretically applied gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Iontophoretically applied picrotoxin reversibly blocks both of these inhibitory responses. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that GABA is the transmitter released by the inhibitory striato-nigral pathway.


(3H)-adenosine nucleotide and (3H)-noradrenaline uptake by cold stored guinea-pig taenia caecum; mechanical effects and release of (3H)-adenosine nucleotide by noradrenaline, papaverine, and nitroglycerine. 1. Cold storage (2 degrees C) treatment progressively reduced noradrenaline uptake by the taenia caecum of the guinea-pig. After 15 days of cold treatment, [(3)H]-noradrenaline uptake by tissue was reduced to about 10% of control. On the other hand, prolonged cold storage failed to decrease [(3)H]-adenosine uptake by the taenia caecum.2. Cocaine (10 muM) inhibited noradrenaline uptake by about 82% but nucleoside uptake was inhibited by 20%. Cocaine treatment failed to decrease the residual noradrenaline uptake in the cold stored strips (more than 10 days). Phenoxybenzamine (1 muM) or oligomycin (1 mug/ml) treatment decreased the tissue adenosine uptake to about 34% and 28% of the respective controls.3. Based on thin layer chromatography, it was estimated that approximately 68% of [(3)H]-adenosine was converted into and retained as [(3)H]-ATP in the fresh tissues, a small fraction was accountable as [(3)H]-adenosine (18%) but virtually no [(3)H]-AMP, [(3)H]-cyclic AMP or [(3)H]-ADP was detected. Similar distribution of radioactivity of nucleotides was observed in tissues cold stored for 8 days.4. The inhibition of the mechanical activity of taenia by noradrenaline (10 muM), papaverine (100 muM) and nitroglycerine (100 muM) was accompanied by [(3)H]-adenine nucleotide but not [(3)H]-noradrenaline release. Treatment with phentolamine and propranolol (both 1 muM) had no effect on the adenine nucleotide release elicited by nicotine and electrical field stimulation, whereas such treatment reduced the inhibitory action of both stimuli.5. These results suggest that the nucleotide release after application of electrical and chemical stimulation may be from an extraneurogenic source. Thus, we conclude that ATP or a related nucleotide is not the chemical transmitter of the non-adrenergic inhibition in the taenia caecum of the guinea-pig.


Study on the propagation of Herpes simplex virus (type 2) into the brain after intraocular injection.


Brain stem-thalamus reciprocal influences in the cat.


Three modes of repetitive firing and the role of threshold time course between spikes.


A frequency shift in the hippocampal theta activity: an electrical correlate of central action of ACTH analogues in the dog?


Influence of dichloromethylene diphosphonate (Cl2MDP) and calcitonin on bone resorption, lactate production and phosphatase and pyrophosphatase content of mouse calvaria treated with parathyroid hormone in vitro.


Letter: Narcolepsy.

Letter: Narcolepsy.


Arteriography in tumors of the orbit.

Arteriography in tumors of the orbit.


Transjugular liver biopsy and cholangiography.


The determination of age of yearling beef cattle at post-mortem by subjective appraisals of bone and muscle development.


Developmental aspects of glucose and VFA metabolism in the germfree and conventional ruminant.


Characterization of enzyme and metabolic patterns in mice selected for rapid post-weaning growth rate.


Effect of angiotensin II on aldosterone secretion in the conscious rat.


Prolactin receptors: characteristics of the particulate fraction binding activity.


Factors influencing the uptake of (alpha-14C)aminoisobutyric acid by rat testes.


Concomitant association between high plasma levels of growth hormone and low hepatic mixed-function oxidase activity in the young rat.


Inhibition of cartilage macromolecular synthesis by prostaglandin A.


A strategy to improve patient-staff interaction in a mental health facility.


Effects of L-glutamine deprivation on growth of HVJ (Sendai virus) in BHK cells. l-Glutamine requirement for viral maturation was found in BHK-HVJ cells, a cell line of baby hamster kidney cells persistently infected with HVJ (Sendai virus). Synthesis of envelope protein in BHK-HVJ cells was markedly suppressed by deprivation of l-glutamine, whereas development of nucleocapsid (S) antigen was less affected. More detailed examination of this phenomenon was carried out by using a cytolytic system. Growth of HVJ in BHK cells cultured in media deprived of various amino acids was investigated, and omission of l-glutamine from culture medium resulted in a marked inhibitory effect on the release of infectious virus and synthesis of envelope protein, although synthesis of virus-specific RNA and nucleocapsid antigen in the cells was readily detected. When l-glutamine was restored to the culture medium, infectious virus and envelope protein could be detected. l-Glutamic acid, l-aspartic acid, or l-alanine could be substituted for l-glutamine. Effects of l-glutamine deprivation on HVJ growth in several other cells were also investigated. The growth of HVJ in the cells other than BHK and FL cells was not suppressed by lack of l-glutamine. Growth of Sindbis virus in BHK cells was also markedly retarded in the absence of l-glutamine.


The psychiatric nurse as the guardian of the ward atmosphere.


Speaking out on: when is being generous something else?


Drugs and trends; the "unproven" "proven" drug.


The Barrie day care service; a study in partial hospitalization in a general hospital psychiatric facility.


Polyoma viral DNA replicated as a nucleoprotein complex in close association with the host cell chromatin. Polyoma viral DNA is shown to be replicated in close association with the mouse cell chromatin. Two virus-specific nucleoprotein complexes, designated complex A and B, can be dissociated from the isolated chromatin by gentle homogenization in 0.5 M NaCl. Complex A contains only replicating polyoma (Py) DNA whereas complex B contains only mature Py DNA I. The results show, furthermore, that complex A, containing viral DNA in different stages of replication, and complex B are both nucleoproteins with the same buoyant density. The data presently available suggest that newly synthesized stretches of Py DNA are immediately complexed with mouse cell histones and that complex B becomes the "core" of progeny Py virions. These results suggested that Py-induced replication of the mouse cell chromatin may be necessary to provide replicating Py DNA with histones.


Translation of mRNA from simian virus 40-infected cells into simian virus 40 capsid protein by cell-free extracts. Messenger RNA was isolated from simian virus 40 (SV40)-infected and mock-infected cells by chromatography on poly(U) sepharose. When added to cell-free extracts from Chinese hamster ovary cells or rabbit reticulocytes, RNA from the infected cells, but not from mock-infected cells, stimulated synthesis of the major SV40 capsid protein. Identification of this species was done by sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis, peptide mapping, and immunoprecipitation. The in vitro synthesized capsid protein was slightly different from virion assembled capsid protein, as shown by separation upon chromatography on hydroxylapatite and by minor differences in the peptide map.


Nurse, I need help; the school nurse's role in suicide prevention.


Comparison of JC and BK human papovaviruses with simian virus 40: restriction endonuclease digestion and gel electrophoresis of resultant fragments. JC virus was found to have a buoyant density of 1.20 g/cm(3) in linear sucrose-D(2)O and 1.35 g/cm(3) in cesium chloride isopycnic gradients. DNA extracted either from JC-infected cultures or from gradient-purified virions occupied a dense position relative to linear DNA in cesium chloride/ethidium bromide gradients, and the circular configuration of the extracted DNA was confirmed by electron microscopy, with a measured molecular weight of 2.93 x 10(6). DNA from BK virus was similarly prepared and compared to JC and to an SV40 DNA standard by digestion with restriction endonuclease preparations from Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, and Escherichia coli. Digests were electrophoretically analyzed on gradient polyacrylamide slab gels or agarose gels, and the three viruses were found to have distinctly different cleavage patterns by this form of analysis: JC and BK viruses were almost entirely different from SV40 and significantly different from each other. Thus, JC and BK human papovaviruses appear to be discrete new members of the papovavirus group, rather than SV40 variants.


Conflict within the marital dyad.

Conflict within the marital dyad.


Establishment and maintenance of the interferon-induced antiviral state: studies in enucleated cells. Requirements for the physical presence of the cell's nucleus for the establishment and maintenance of the interferon-induced antiviral state were investigated. Enucleated chicken embryo fibroblasts were obtained by cytochalasin B treatment during centrifugation. The inhibition of vaccinia virus cytoplasmic DNA synthesis, monitored by autoradiography, was used to measure the antiviral activity resulting from interferon treatment. The antiviral state is not established in cells treated with interferon after removal of their nuclei. On the other hand, cells first treated with interferon for 6 or 12 h and then enucleated express the antiviral state. Furthermore, the antiviral state is maintained in enucleated cells for 16 h after enucleation. The antiviral state appears to be more stable in enucleates than in the residual nucleated cells found in the same cultures. Single cells of antiviral populations are found to be either fully permissive or fully restrictive to vaccinia DNA synthesis. The effect of an increasing intracellular multiplicity of infectious virus is to overcome the antiviral cell's block against viral DNA synthesis.


Human cytomegalovirus. II. Lack of relatedness to DNA of herpes simples I and II, Epstein-Barr virus, and nonhuman strains of cytomegalovirus. The purified DNA of human cytomegalovirus, radiolabeled in vitro, was examined for homology to Epstein-Barr virus, herpes simplex type I and II, and simian and murine cytomegalovirus DNA by DNA-DNA reassociation kinetics analyses with the S1 enzyme differential digestion technique. Cross-matching of the DNAs showed no relatedness or less than 5% detectable homology.


Mental health--what is it?

Mental health--what is it?


The successful management of "refractory" ambulatory schizophrenic patients.


Geriatrics; statistics on the population and characteristics of the elderly in the United States.


RNA transcription by the virion polymerases of five rhabdoviruses. The presence of a virion-associated RNA-dependent RNA polymerase in five serologically distinct rhabdovirus isolates (vesicular stomatitis virus [VSV] Indiana, VSV New Jersey, Cocal, Chandipura, and Piry viruses) has been demonstrated. The enzyme for each virus has been shown to be a transcriptase capable of synthesizing in vitro RNA which is complementary to the viral genome. By sequence analyses it has been shown that, for each rhabdovirus, transcription is multiply initiated with specific 5' nucleotide sequences. The results indicate that, for all five viruses, the initiation of transcription involves similar sequences (e.g., pppApCpGp..., pppGpCp..., and possibly one or two other sequences), suggesting relatedness and some genome conservation among these viruses.


Antigenic phenotypes and complementation groups of temperature-sensitive mutants of simian virus 40. The antigenic phenotypes of several temperature-sensitive mutants of simian virus 40 were determined by an immunofluorescence microtechnique that allowed a very high degree of internal control for the conditions of virus infection and antigenic staining. The tumor (T), U, capsid protein (C), and virion (V) antigens were investigated. Productive infection in monkey cells and abortive infection in mouse cells were simultaneously monitored for antigen production at both permissive and restrictive temperatures. Complementation analyses of the mutants demonstrated two complementing groups (A and B) and one noncomplementing group ((*)). One of the complementing groups could be subdivided into two subgroups having very different antigenic phenotypes. The following phenotypes were observed at the restrictive temperature in monkey cells. (i) The noncomplementing group produced none of the antigens. (ii) Group A induced T antigen in moderately but consistently reduced numbers of cells. Other antigens were markedly reduced or absent. (iii) Some of the group B mutants produced T antigen but little or no U and V antigens. The C antigen appeared in the nucleolus and cytoplasm of this subgroup. (iv) In the other group B mutants, antigen synthesis was not altered. Similar phenotypes were observed in mouse cells, except that U, C, and V antigens could not be detected during either the mutant or wild-type virus infections at any temperature.


Characterization of new regulatory mutants of bacteriophage T4. Plating techniques which eliminate T4 plaque formation on Escherichia coli by folate analogue inhibition of dihydrofolate (FH(2)) reductase (EC 1.5.1.3) allowed the isolation of folate analogue-resistant (far) mutants of T4. One class of far mutants overproduces the phage-induced FH(2) reductase. Deoxycytidylate deaminase (EC 3.5.4.12), thymidine kinase (EC 2.7.1.21), and deoxycytidine triphosphatase (EC 3.6.1.12) are also overproduced by 20 min after infection at 37 C. The overproduction of FH(2) reductase by these far mutants is not affected by the absence of DNA synthesis. Other types of mutations that affect the synthesis of early enzymes cause overproduction in the absence of DNA synthesis of some of the above enzymes but not of FH(2) reductase. Therefore, overproducing far mutants apparently have mutations in previously undescribed genes controlling the expression of the T4 genome. Three of four mutants under study map near gene 56, and one maps near gene 52. All of these mutants show delays in DNA synthesis, phage production, and lysis and appear to show decreased levels of RNA synthesis based on the cumulative incorporation of uridine.


Gene expression during the development of bacteriophage phi 29. 3. Analysis of viral-specific protein synthesis with suppressible mutants. Fifty-four suppressible mutants of bacteriophage phi29 have been isolated with a variety of mutagens and assigned to eight complementation groups. Viral-specific protein synthesis in UV light-irradiated, nonsuppressing Bacillus subtilis 60084 was analyzed with exponential acrylamide gels. Four additional phi29 proteins which were undetected on ordinary acrylamide gels are reported in this paper. Five phage phi29 proteins have been unambiguously assigned to specific cistrons. Two cistrons had pleiotropic effects on viral protein synthesis. Mutants in cistrons I or II were unable to synthesize DNA in nonsuppressing bacteria. Mutants in cistron I were unable to attach viral chromosomes to the host cell membrane, and the protein responsible for this function has been identified. The other viral protein playing a role in phage phi29 DNA synthesis is also identified and assigned to cistron II. Mutants in cistron II can attach viral chromosomes to membrane, but cannot synthesize DNA in nonsuppressing bacteria.


Studies of nondefective adenovirus 2-simian virus 40 hybrid viruses. IX. Template topography in the early region of simian virus 40. The DNAs of the five nondefective adenovirus 2 (Ad2)-simian virus 40 (SV40) hybrid viruses contain overlapping segments of the early region of wild-type SV40 DNA. The complementary DNA strands of these five viruses have been separated with synthetic polyribonucleotides in isopycnic cesium chloride gradients. The relative amounts of early and late SV40 template in the DNA of each virus were determined by RNA-DNA hybridization with late lytic SV40 RNA, which contains sequences complementary to both templates. From the distribution of early and late templates in the five overlapping SV40 segments, we conclude that either the entire early region of SV40 is symmetrically transcribed in vivo, or, more probably, that the early SV40 templates are not contiguous.


Anthropology, nursing and mental health.


Immunochemical procedure for partial purification of newly synthesized proteins in polyoma virus-infected mouse cells. A broad-spectrum antiserum has been obtained against nuclear proteins from normal mouse fibroblasts. Solid phase immunoadsorbants prepared from the serum specifically bind the corresponding antigens. The removal in this way of a significant fraction of host proteins leads to partial purification of viral and virus-induced polypeptides from polyoma virus-infected cell extracts. Four main peptides can be selected, with respective molecular weights of 90,000, 70,000, 46,000, and 41,000.


Spontaneous toxoplasmosis in macaques: a report of four cases.


Fragmentation of RNA in virus particles of rhinovirus type 14. Purified particles of rhinovirus type 14 lose infectivity during incubation at 34.5 C as a result of fragmentation of RNA genomes within intact virions.


Feline infectious peritonitis in a closed breeding colony.


Silvered leaf-monkeys (Presbytis cristatus). I. Colony management, caging, diet, and biologic values.


Silvered leaf-monkeys (Presbytis cristatus). II. Gastrointestinal parasites and their treatment.


Colonization patterns of aerobic gram-negative bacteria in the cloaca of Rana pipiens.


The effects of various levels of dietary fat and apple supplementation of growth of golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus).


Comparative erythrocyte metabolism: studies using guinea pig cells.


Tuberculous spondylitis and Pott's paraplegia in a rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta).


A technic for thymectomy in the adult rat.


A technic for neonatal thymectomy in marmoset monkeys.


Modification of the orbital sinus bleeding technic for rabbits.


Hexamitiasis in laboratory mice, hamsters, and rats.


A simple procedure for long-term intravenous infusion in the rat.


An exteriorized cranial vena caval catheter for serial blood sample collection from miniature swine.


A simple hydraulic manostat for use with volume-controlled respirators.


A restraint device for electroejaculation of squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus).


Carotid-jugular arteriovenous fistulas for chronic hemodialysis in dogs.


Unilateral renal and urogenital tract aplasia in a guinea pig (Cavia porcellus).


A new date mating system for mice in timer-activated breeding cages.


The opposum (Didelphis virginiana Kerr) as a biomedical model. I. Research perspective, husbandry, and laboratory technics.


The opossum (Didelphis virginiana Kerr) as a biomedical model. II. Breeding the opossum in captivity: facility design.


The opossum (Didelphis virginiana Kerr) as a biomedical model. 3. Breeding the opossum in captivity: methods.


Letter: Effect of prolonged treatment of high doses of chorionic gonadotropin on immature male rats.


Letter: Identification methods for rodents.


A study of nutritional status of preschool children in the United States, 1968-1970.


Neonatal screening for hyperlipidemia.

Neonatal screening for hyperlipidemia.


Cholesterol at birth and age 1: comparison of normal and hypercholesterolemic neonates.


Editorial: Current status of our knowledge about cyclic AMP.


Stimulation at 50 pulses per second in the normal person: its implication in the differential diagnosis from myasthenia gravis and myasthenic syndrome.


Bilateral adrenalectomy in selected patients with carcinoma of the breast.


Synovial sarcoma in children.

Synovial sarcoma in children.


Neutralization of the hemodynamic effects of endotoxin by polymyxin B.


The clinical application of a specific radioimmunoassay for human chorionic gondotropin in trophoblastic and nontrophoblastic tumors.


Ultrastructural changes in the liver of equine fetuses aborted during rhinopneumonitis.


Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the vagina.


Investigation of the release reaction in platelets exposed to phorbol myristate acetate. Phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), the active principle of croton oil, is a potent platelet aggregating agent. Previous cytochemical and electron microscopic studies demonstrated that PMA caused selective labilization of platelet storage granules resulting in their conversion to distended vacuoles. Communication was established between the enlarged, almost empty vacuoles and the surrounding plasma through channels of the open canalicular system. The present study has explored the possibility that the effect of PMA on platelet storage organelles stimulates a process of secretion. Analysis of the release reaction in platelets after exposure to PMA revealed that significant amounts of serotonin and adenine nucleotides were secreted without loss of lactic dehydrogenase. Release took place well before the onset of irreversible aggregation. Inhibitors of platelet secretion or ADP induced aggregation could modify or prevent the irreversible clumping stimulated by small concentrations of PMA. Although the secretion induced by PMA differed from the release caused by other agents, the findings of the present study indicate that PMA is capable of triggering the platelet release reaction.


Experimental adenovirus infection of the mouse adrenal gland. I. Light microscopic observations. A murine type of adenovirus has been found to have a highly selective affinity for the adrenal of its natural host. In view of the adrenal pathology in Addison's disease, which consists of cortical atrophy and focal lymphocytic infiltration, the possibility of a viral causation is an attractive hypothesis. The striking adrenotropism of this agent offers, theoretically, a potential experimental animal model for investigation of this possibility. Most of our information about the acute biologic action of adenoviruses has been gained from study of virus-infected tissue culture cells. The sharply focused and severe attack of the murine agent upon a prime target organ facilitates correlative in vivo studies of the cytopathology of adenovirus infection at levels of light and electron microscopy.


Animal model of human disease. Malignant lymphoma.


Experimental adenovirus infection of the mouse adrenal gland. II. Electron microscopic observations. A strain of mouse adenovirus, found to have a striking tropism for the weanling mouse adrenal gland, enabled electron microscopic examination of adrenals in various stages of infection. Nucleolar hypertrophy and the successive formation of three types of inclusion bodies in association with nucleoli preceded virion production. Angular crystals of virions formed in the affected nuclei. Virus was released by lysis of nuclear membranes; rapid degeneration of cytoplasmic organelles followed. Rupture of external cell membranes released virus into the extracellular spaces where virions crossed vascular basement membranes to enter endothelial cells. Virions were also phagocytized by inflammatory cells which reentered vascular sinusoids, and by adrenal parenchymal cells. Disruption of virus-laden phagocytic vacuoles in parenchymal cells released virions into the cytoplasm. Typical viral inclusion bodies also formed in vascular endothelial cells and in inflammatory cells, but virion replication was not detected. The possibility that virus directly entered parenchymal cells through the external cell membrane without phagocytosis is discussed.


Spontaneous regression of cancer: the metabolic triumph of the host?


Hypoglycemia associated with neoplasia.

Hypoglycemia associated with neoplasia.


Paraneoplastic syndromes. Hyperadrenocorticism and ACTH-releasing factor.


Neurogenic paraneoplastic syndromes. The brain's uneasy peace with tumors.


Paraneoplastic syndromes of nerve muscle, and neuromuscular junction.


The paraneoplastic syndromes associated with carcinoma of the thyroid gland.


Epigenetic mechanisms and paraneoplastic phenomena.


Why corticoids are effective against a wide variety of cancers.


The processing of visual information in a simple retina.


Two-hour embedding procedure for intracellular detection of viruses by electron microscopy. An embedding method requiring only 2 h to complete and giving excellent ultrastructural preservation has been used for the rapid detection of viruses in tissue cultures. The method has also been applied successfully to mammalian tissue. It provides a rapid technique for identifying viruses isolated in tissue cultures, for screening cultures for adventitious agents, and for examining tissue biopsies for viruses.


Utilization of a further miniaturized serological microtechnique. A new 0.01-ml serological microtechnique system produced accurate and reproducible complement-fixation and indirect hemagglutination tests. This equipment involves the use of smaller amounts of antigens and sera, and thus increases the value of the method when employed with expensive reagents or limited qualities of sera.


Exogenous and endogenous provocation of psoriasis. A contribution to the Koebner phenomenon.


Experimental herpesvirus infection of baboons (Papio cynocephalus) and African green monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) and recovery of virus by tissue explants.


Intracellular neutralization of poliovirus by type-specific antiserum.


Non-infectious intracisternal A-type particles in a sarcoma-positive, leukemia-negative mouse cell line transformed by murine sarcoma virus (MSV).


Studies on temperature-sensitive events in synthesis of poliovirus ts mutants.


Conformations of cyclic 3',5'-nucleotides. Effect of the base on the synanti conformer distribution.


Feline "foamy" viruses: incidence in Australia.


Nuclear columns: labeling and release of virus specific RNA by nuclei of DNA-virus (SV 40) infected cells.


Interaction of diethylpyrocarbonate with poliovirus double-stranded RNA.


Rapid, periodate-induced stimulation of permeability and macromolecular synthesis in chicken erythrocytes.


A study of the interaction of human spermatozoa membrane with ATP and cyclic-AMP.


The oxidation state of newly synthesized hemoglobin.


Metabolic regulation of steroidogenesis in adrenocortical carcinoma cells of rat. Effect of adrenocorticotropin and adenosine cyclic 3',5'-monophosphate on the incorporation of (20S)-20-hydroxy(7 alpha-3H)cholesterol into deoxycorticosterone and corticosterone.


Synthesis of DNA complementary to AMV RNA using E. coli polymerase I.


Inhibition of choline kinase by selectively cytotoxic purinyl-6-histamine.


Isolation of a divalent cation ionophore from beef heart mitochondria.


Synthesis of DNA, RNA protein and glycoprotein in mitochondria of cells transformed with Rous sarcoma viruses.


Spin label translational diffusion in solid tristearin. Translational diffusion of the intermediate chain length spin label 7N14 has been detected and studied in a lipid environment which is in the bulk solid state. Under favorable circumstances this can occur at temperatures as much as 50 degrees C below the optical melting point. Translational diffusion allows 7N14 molecules to coalesce into impurity pools of high spin label concentration. Two other spin labels, 2N3 and 14N27, do not show a tendency to form such impurity pools. While 2N3 undergoes rapid tumbling at temperatures far below the melting point of the tristearin matrix, the molecules remain in an isolated state with no evidence of spin exchange. 14N27 is restricted in rotational motion in the solid matrix and also does not form impurity pools.


Calcium dependence of the inhibitory effect of angiotensin on renin secretion in the isolated perfused kidney of the rat. 1 The effect of calcium on the inhibition of renin secretion by biologically active angiotensin was investigated in the isolated rat kidney perfused with Krebs-Ringer saline.2 In the presence of calcium (3.7 mM), asp(NH(2))'-angiotensin II suppressed both basal and isoprenaline-stimulated renin secretion. Renal perfusion pressure, which was increased by the infusion of angiotensin, returned to control levels when isoprenaline was added.3 When the calcium concentration was reduced to 0.32 mM, the vasoconstriction produced by angiotensin was abolished although the inhibitory effect on renin secretion was still evident.4 In the absence of calcium, angiotensin no longer suppressed basal renin secretion and a prompt increase in renin secretion occurred when isoprenaline was added.5 The higher basal renin levels which were observed in calcium-free perfusions, suggest the existence of an intrarenal calcium-dependent mechanism that regulates basal renin secretion.6 These observations indicate that the inhibitory effect of biologically active angiotensin, on basal and isoprenaline-stimulated renin secretion, is functionally related to the contractor response by its dependence on calcium. The recognition that the renin-producing cells are modified smooth muscle cells supports this association


Studies on the tachyphylaxis to nicotinic stimulant drugs in the perfused hypogastric ganglion of the guinea-pig. 1 The guinea-pig hypogastric ganglion, perfused through its vasculature with physiological saline solutions, will respond repeatedly to nicotinic stimulant drugs injected at 4 min intervals into the perfusion stream. Stimulation is indicated by contraction of the vas deferens. After a varying number of doses of nicotinic stimulants, complete tachyphylaxis usually develops, and normally this persists for at least 1 hour. During this time, however, electrical stimulation of the hypogastric nerve is still fully effective.2 Tachyphylaxis may be reversed for varying periods of time by all of the following procedures: (a) tetanic stimulation of the hypogastric nerve; (b) injection of large doses of histamine, methacholine, or potassium chloride; (c) perfusion with saline containing ouabain 0.1 mug/ml or 80-100 mM lithium chloride, or, to a lesser extent, with potassium-free saline.3 Tachyphylaxis is always re-established with further doses of nicotinic stimulants, except during perfusion with lithium solutions.4 Atropine hastens the onset of tachyphylaxis, but does not prevent its reversal by hypogastric nerve stimulation or by histamine or potassium. However, it does prevent the reversal by methacholine and by lithium.5 Tachyphylaxis occurs in decentralized ganglia, and can be reversed by histamine, methacholine, and by tetanic stimulation of the hypogastric ganglion. Hence tachyphylaxis and its reversal cannot be due to an effect on presynaptic fibres.6 Potassium chloride stimulates the ganglion both before and after tachyphylaxis has developed to nicotinic drugs, and hence this is unlikely to be due to a depolarization block.7 It is concluded that tachyphylaxis could be due to a prolonged ganglionic hyperpolarization.


Morphine and neurotransmitter substances: Microiontophoretic study in the rat brain stem. 1 The effects of microiontophoretically applied morphine and its interactions with the effects of microiontophoretic applications of either acetylcholine, (-)-noradrenaline or 5-hydroxytryptamine have been studied on single neurones in the brain stem of rats anaesthetized with urethane.2 Morphine excited or inhibited most neurones tested and the effects, especially excitation, were often extremely powerful. However, the time course of the excitatory and inhibitory effects were somewhat different.3 Desensitization to the excitation produced by morphine was seen after repeated or prolonged applications and it is suggested that this phenomenon may be related to the tolerance which develops after chronic administration of morphine. No desensitization was observed to inhibition of neuronal activity by morphine.4 Morphine usually reduced the excitation of neurones by acetylcholine, noradrenaline or 5-hydroxytryptamine but sometimes potentiated the effect, although not always on the same neurones. Inhibition of neuronal activity by these compounds was never modified by morphine and neither were the effects of glutamate or D,L-homocysteic acid when used as control agonists.5 The in vitro release of morphine from six micropipettes was determined and the transport number was calculated to be 0.051 (s.d. 0.021).6 The implications of these observations in explaining the pharmacological actions of morphine are discussed.


Benign clear cell tumor of the lung. An ultrastructural study.


Non-epithelial tumors of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, and nasopharynx: A clinicopathologic study. I. General features and vascular tumors.


Studies on the coronary dilator actions of some adenosine analogues. 1 The cardiovascular actions of 23 adenosine analogues have been examined in anaesthetized open thorax dogs; the analogues were substituted in the 2-position of the purine ring, or in the exocyclic amino group, or were modified in the imidazole or sugar rings.2 The effects of these compounds on coronary blood flow, peripheral blood pressure, and heart rate were compared with those of adenosine.3 9-beta-D-Arabinofuranosyladenine had no cardiovascular action; the other analogues on intra-atrial administration caused an immediate increase in coronary blood flow, the magnitude and duration of which varied with the structures of the analogues.4 2-Fluoro-, 2-bromo-, 2-isobutylthio-, 2-ethylamino-, and 5'-deoxy-5'-chloro- adenosines had coronary dilator potencies equal to or greater than that of adenosine. No relationship was found between the dilator potency of the adenosine analogues and their duration of coronary dilator action.5 The coronary dilator action of adenosine was potentiated by inosine, 9-beta-D-arabinofurano-syladenine, tubercidin, N(6)-methyladenosine and 2-trifluoromethyl-N(6)-methyladenosine.6 There was no correlation between the substrate specificities of the shorter-acting analogues for adenosine deaminase or adenosine kinase and their duration of coronary dilator action.7 It is proposed that in the anaesthetized dog, uptake into tissues is a more important mode of removal of adenosine and adenosine analogues from the vascular system than inactivation by adenosine deaminase, that the duration of coronary dilator action of the analogues is related primarily to their specificity for the carrier which mediates adenosine uptake, and that the adenosine carrier is not associated with kinase action.


Sacrococcygeal teratoma with nephroblastoma (Wilm's tumor): a variant of extragonadal teratoma in childhood. A histologic and ultrastructural study.


Carcinoid tumor of the pancreas. Ultrastructural observations of a lymph node metastasis and comparison with bronchial carcinoid.


Familial occurrences of a variety of premalignant diseases and uncommon malignant neoplasms.


Childhood non-Hodgkin's lymphoma--a study of 17 cases in Israel.


Malignant and benign human mammary disease: estrogen binding in relation to clinical data.


Glutamine-dependent carbamyl phosphate synthetase during fetal and neonatal life in the rat.


Bilateral nephroblastomatosis and Klippel Trenaunay syndrome.


Changes in the activity of selected enzymes during starvation of Physarum polycephalum.


Temporal effects of LH, hCG, FSH and dibutyryl cyclic 3',5'-AMP upon luteinization of rhesus monkey granulosa cells in culture.


Studies on the developmental pattern of the enzymes converting glucose 6-phosphate to myo-inositol in the rat.


TSH stimulation of iodothyronine formation in prelabeled thyroglobulin of hypophysectomized rats.


The preparation of biologically active 125I-labeled adrenocorticotrophic hormone by a simple enzymic radioiodination procedure utilizing lactoperoxidase.


Effects of biogenic amines on the formation of adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate in porcine cerebral cortex, hypothalamus and anterior pituitary slices.


1Alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3: a synthetic sterol which is highly active in preventing rickets in the chick.


Autoradiographic localization of 3H-estradiol or its metabolites in the central nervous system of the developing rat.


Effects of hypophysectomy and ACTH on adrenocortical function in the rat.


Responses of adipose tissue to sequential lipolytic stimuli.


Stimulation of ketogenesis by dibutyryl cyclic AMP in isolated rat hepatocytes.


Apparent positive cooperative effects in cyclic AMP and corticosterone production by isolated adrenal cells in response to ACTH analogues.


Effects of prostaglandins on hepatic adenylate cyclase activity and cyclic adenosine 3',5',-monophosphate content.


Angiographic analysis of factors influencing coronary artery bypass patency.


Isolation of cold-sensitive mutants of poliovirus.


Complementation and phenotypic stabilization of vesicular stomatitis virus temperature-sensitive and thermolabile mutants by avian myeloblastosis virus.


Immunologic and genetic relationship between herpes simplex virus and bovine herpes mammillitis virus.


Detection of virus-induced membrane and cytoplasmic antigens: comparison of the 125I-labeled antiviral antibody binding technique with immunofluorescence.


Relationship between cytomegalovirus and hepatic function abnormalities in the period after renal transplant.


The effect of lorazepam on anxious insomniacs' sleep as recorded in the home environment.


Cyclacillin: a clinical and in vitro profile.


Binding of antibiotics to a soluble protein from rat liver.


Neurologic complications associated with acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis virus infection and its serologic confirmation.


Effect of various methods of epidermal-dermal separation on the distribution of 14C-acetate-labeled polyunsaturated fatty acids in skin compartments.


Cyclic 3',5'-nucleotide phosphodiesterase. I. Histochemical localization in rat skin.


A spin label study of human erythrocyte ghost membranes damaged by methyl phenyldiazenecarboxylate (azoester).


The effect of various secretagogues on accumulation of cyclic AMP and secretion of alpha-amylase from rat exocrine pancreas.


The influence of low and high doses of theophylline on spontaneous motility and cyclic 3',5' AMP content in isolated rat uterus.


The role of calcium in the central effects of biogenic amines.


Specific angiotensin II receptors in organ-cultured canine supra-optic nucleus cells.


Effect of angiotensin and norepinephrine on capillary pressure and filtration coefficient in isolated dog hindlimb.


A new class of angiotensin inhibitors: N-methylphenylalanine analogs.


Magnesium and contraction of arterial smooth muscle.


Inhibition of adenosine cyclic 3', 5'-monophosphate accumulation in fat cells by adenosine, N6-(phenylisopropyl) adenosine, and related compounds.


Effect of nerve degeneration by 6-hydroxydopamine on catecholamine-stimulated adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate formation in rat cerebral cortex.


Superinduction of serotonin N-acetyltransferase and supersensitivity of adenyl cyclase to catecholamines in denervated pineal gland.


Induction of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase in mouse 3T3 cells: relationship to the state of cell proliferation and guanosine cyclic 3',5'-monophosphate.


Effects of the carcinogen N-acetoxy-2-fluorenylacetamide on the template properties of deoxyribonucleic acid.


Changes in a surface-labelled galactoprotein and in glycolipid concentrations in cells transformed by a temperature-sensitive polyoma virus mutant.


Androgen receptors in a Syrian hamster ductus deferens tumour cell line.


Serotonin and pituitary-adrenal function.


The structural and functional organization of the thyroid gland and special features of the tumours of this organ.


Letter: Effect of exogenous oestrogens on minor psychiatric symptoms in postmenopausal women.


Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography.


Enlargement of cavernous haemangioma associated with exogenous administration of oestrogens.


Morphological and histochemical study on the major salivary glands of mice injected with dactinomycin.


A simple apparatus and procedure for digestion of biologic materials in determinations of nonvolatile elements.


Pre-Descemet's membrane corneal dystrophy.


Sporotrichosis of the orbital margin.

Sporotrichosis of the orbital margin.


Protective immunity to amebic infection demonstrated in guinea pigs.


Immunological reactions in kuru. Attempts to demonstrate serological relationships between karu and other known infectious agents.


Schistosomiasis and other human parasitoses of Lake Lindu in central Sulawesi (Celebes), Indonesia.


Genetic control of resistance to mouse cytomegalovirus infection.


The use of excisional therapy in the management of snakebite.


Comparison of the neuraminidases of three avian paramyxoviruses.


Dual primary bronchogenic carcinoma.

Dual primary bronchogenic carcinoma.


Heterogeneity of rabbit serum interferon induced by poly I:C.


Activation of herpes specific antigens and infectious virus in a hamster cell line transformed by HSV-2.


Distribution of bound ADP-ribose derivatives in nuclear protein of rat liver nuclei.


Neurospora crassa and Humicola lanuginosa cytochromes c: more homology in the heme region.


The isolation and the structure of new glycopeptide from blood group substances.


Isolation of plasma membranes from bovine corpus luteum possessing adenylate cyclase, 125I-hCG binding and Na-K-ATPase activities.


The activation of motility in quiescent hamster sperm from the epididymis by calcium and cyclic nucleotides.


Biosynthesis of a P1-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucosyl P2-polyisoprenyl pyrophosphate by calf pancreas microsomes.


The effect of prostaglandins E1 and E2 on the human erythrocyte as monitored by spin labels.


Yeast mutants requiring ergosterol as only lipid supplement.


Structural polypeptides of primate derived type C RNA tumor viruses.


Mechanism of stimulation of Ca2+ plus Mg2+ -dependent phospodiesterase from rat cerebral cortex by the modulator protein and Ca2+.


The epidermal disorder in lichen planus: an in vitro study.


Deoxynucleotide-polymerizing enzymes in normal and malignant human cells.


The delayed and lasting rejection of mammary adenocarcinoma cell tumors in DBA-2 mice with use of killed Bordetella pertussis.


Effect of murine milk samples and human breast tissues on human leukocyte migration indices.


Fetal-leukemic antigen of chicken blood cells.


Suppression of SV40 tumors after immunization with group A Streptococcus pyogenes and Bordetella pertussis.


Steroid delta 4 -reductase activity in hepatomas of differentgrowth rates.


Patterns of excretion of methylated purines in hepatocellular carcinoma.


Development of preimplantation rabbit embryos in vivo and in vitro. I. An ultrastructural comparison.


Intradiem changes of plasma aldosterone, cortisol, corticosterone and growth hormone in sodium restriction.


An unusual case of Cushing's syndrome, hilus cell tumor and polycystic ovaries.


Responsiveness of human subjects to human growth hormone: relation to bone age.


Correlations of serum triglyceride and prebetalipoprotein levels to the severity of spontaneous diabetes in Macaca nigra.


Effect of chlorpropamide on osmotic water flow across toad bladder and the response to vasopressin, theophylline and cyclic AMP.


Morphologic variations of a cell strain transformed by simian papovavirus SV40 and cloned serially.


Thyroid hormone action: demonstration of putative nuclear receptors in human lymphocytes.


Big renin: a possible prohormone in kidney and plasma of a patient with Wilm's tumor.


Bioavailability of different sources of dietary iron fed to Pitman-Moore miniature pigs.


Body fluid and electrolyte balance during estrogen therapy of prostatic cancer.


Webbed penis.

Webbed penis.


Persistence and expression of the herpes simplex virus type 2 genome in cervical tumor cells.


Regulation of phosphorylase B to A conversion in muscle.


Excretion and degradation of exogenous adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate by isolated perfused rat kidney.


Adenosine-elicited accumulation of cyclic AMP in brain slices: potentiation by agents which inhibit uptake of adenosine.


Cartilage cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase: inhibition by anti-inflammatory agents.


Genetic evidence for SV40 gene function in enhancement of replication of human adenovirus in simian cells.


Zinc ions inhibit replication of rhinoviruses.


No crossing over between closely linked tumour virus loci in the heterogametic sex of fowl.


Prostaglandin-dependent and -independent feedback control of noradrenaline secretion in vasoconstrictor nerves of normotensive human subjects. A preliminary report.


Temporal discrimination of short intervals of dreamless sleep.


Effects of "short-term" versus "long-term" L-Dopa therapy in parkinsonism on critical flicker frequency.


Familial type II hyperlipoproteinaemia. Clinical features and results of treatment in children and young adults.


Pigment movements in fish melanophores: morphological and physiological studies. 3. The effects of colchicine and vinblastine.


Pigment movements in fish melanophores: morphological and physiological studies.


Structure and permeability of the septate junction in the kidney sac of Helix pomatia L.


The fine structure of the kidney of Achatina achatina (L).


Ultrastructure of motor nerve terminals on different types of muscle fibers in the Atlantic hagfish (Myxine glutinosa, L.). Occurrence of round and elongated profiles of synaptic vesicles and dense-core vesicles.


Postnatal development of the lateral vestibular nucleus (Deiters' nucleus) of the rat. A light and electron microscopic study.


Total gastrectomy for cancer of the stomach.


Conjunctival papillomas in siblings.

Conjunctival papillomas in siblings.


Benign mixed tumor of the (palpebral) lacrimal gland presenting as a nodular eyelid lesion.


Epithelial inclusion cyst of iris after keratoplasty.


Partial REM sleep deprivation, schizophrenia and field articulation.


Physiocochemical properties of low-density lipoproteins of normal human plasma. Evidence for the occurrence of lipoprotein B in associated and free forms. 1. Low-density (d 1.006-1.063g/ml) lipoproteins from normal human plasma were separated by differential preparative ultracentrifugation into six subfractions. Each low-density (LD) lipoprotein subfraction contained lipoprotein B as the major and lipoproteins A and C as the minor lipoprotein families. 2. Three lipoprotein B subfractions (LP-B), LP-B-III (d 1.019-1.030g/ml), LP-B-IV (d 1.030-1.040g/ml) and LP-B-V (d 1.040-1.053g/ml) were prepared from the corresponding LD lipoprotein subfractions by immunoprecipitating small amounts of lipoproteins A and C. 3. Determination of hydrodynamic properties indicated that LD lipoproteins consisted of three molecular segments characterized by a stepwise change in the molecular weight: LDL-I and LDL-II subfractions (d 1.006-1.019g/ml) with an average mol.wt. of 4.75x10(6), LDL-III (d 1.019-1.030g/ml) with a mol.wt. of 3.99x10(6), and LDL-IV, LDL-V and LDL-VI (d 1.030-1.063g/ml) with a mol.wt. of 2.85x10(6). 4. All three lipoprotein B subfractions had an average mol.wt. of 3.16x10(6). 5. The LDL-I and LDL-II subfractions consisted of lipoprotein B and lipoprotein C families which were present in the form of an association complex. This was isolated from serum by immunoprecipitation with antibodies to lipoprotein B. The complex had a mol.wt. of 4.35x10(6). 6. The results indicate a fundamental difference between the LD lipoprotein subfractions with d 1.006-1.019g/ml and those subfractions with d 1.030-1.063g/ml. In the former, lipoprotein B occurs as a part of an association complex, whereas in the latter it occurs as a separate entity.


Studies on partially reduced mammalian cytochrome oxidase. Reactions with carbon monoxide and oxygen. A number of methods were used to prepare a species of mammalian cytochrome oxidase (EC 1.9.3.1, ferrocytochrome c-oxygen oxidoreductase) in which only cytochrome a(3) is reduced and in combination with CO. The kinetics of CO binding by cytochrome a(3) (2+) in this species is significantly different from that exhibited by cytochrome a(3) (2+) in the fully reduced enzyme. The second-order rate constant for combination was 5x10(4)m(-1).s(-1) and the ;off' constant was 3x10(-2)s(-1). The kinetic difference spectra cytochrome a(3) (2+)-cytochrome a(3) (2+)-CO reveal further differences between the mixed-valence and the fully reduced enzyme. The reaction between cytochrome a(3) (2+) and oxygen in the mixed-valence species was followed in flow-flash experiments and reveals a fast, oxygen-dependent (8x10(7)m(-1).s(-1) at low oxygen) rate followed by a slow process, whose rate is independent of oxygen but whose amplitude is dependent on [O(2)]. The fast oxygen-dependent reaction yields as the first product the so-called ;oxygenated' enzyme. We conclude from these experiments that the ligand-binding behaviour of cytochrome a(3) depends on the redox state of its partners, a fact which represents clear evidence for site-site interaction in this enzyme. The fact that oxygen reacts rapidly with this enzyme species in which only one component, namely cytochrome a(3), is reduced represents clear and unequivocal evidence that this is indeed the O(2)-binding site in cytochrome oxidase and may indicate that reduction of oxygen can proceed via single electron steps.


Separation at neutral pH value of 32P-labelled proteins in a membrane preparation from ox brain. Partial characterization of component of the sodium-plus-potassium ion-activited adenosine triphosphatase. 1. Ox brain microsomal fractions were labelled with [(32)P]ATP in the presence of Na(+) and the reaction was stopped with sodium dodecyl sulphate. The Na(+)-dependent bound phosphate was isolated on Sephadex G-25 and by acetone precipitation. The bound phosphate isolated under these neutral conditions was labile to hydroxylamine and gave the same pH profile of hydrolysis as that isolated by precipitation with strong acids. 2. When membrane protein was labelled with [(32)P]ATP, solubilized with sodium dodecyl sulphate and fractionated on Sepharose 6B, the Na(+)-dependent label emerged in a peak corresponding to protein of molecular weight 570000-580000. On fractionation of this protein peak on polyacrylamide gels containing detergent and urea, the Na(+)-dependent label occurred in a single band corresponding to a protein of molecular weight 102000. 3. Fractionation on Sepharose 6B of protein labelled with [(32)P]ATP in the absence of Na(+) revealed three labelled peaks, one of which corresponded in position to the Na(+)-dependent label. Electrophoresis of this peak material on polyacrylamide gels showed that most of the label occurred in two fast-running bands. Cyclic AMP stimulated the labelling in these two bands, but had no effect on the labelling of the band corresponding in position to the Na(+)-dependent label. 4. Di-isopropyl [(32)P]phosphorofluoridate also labelled the band corresponding to the Na(+)-dependent label on gel electrophoresis. The labelling of this band by the reagent was inhibited by 50-60% by 3mm-ATP, but there was no evidence to suggest that the group labelled is normally phosphorylated by ATP.


The molecular basis for biological inactivation of nucleic acids. The action of methylating agents on the ribonucleic acid-containing bacteriophage R17. 1. The inactivation of an RNA-containing bacteriophage after reaction with four methylating agents was studied. Measurements of the extent of methylation of the RNA and of the nature and amounts of the various reaction products were made. In experiments with dimethyl sulphate and methyl methanesulphonate inactivation can be quantitatively accounted for by methylation at two of the positions involved in hydrogen bonding: N-1 of adenine and N-3 of cytosine. In experiments with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine methylation at N-1 of adenine and N-3 of cytosine accounts for only about one-half of the observed inactivation. Scission of the RNA chain during reaction accounts for a further 20% of the inactivation. To account for the remainder it seems necessary to postulate that formation of O(6)-methylguanine constitutes a lethal lesion. 2. Breaks in the RNA chain formed on reaction with the nitroso derivatives presumably result from methylation of the phosphate diester group followed by hydrolysis of the unstable triester thus formed.


The reaction of alkylating agents with bacteriophage R17. Biological effects of phosphotriester formation. The extent of biological inactivation and of the degradation of the RNA after reaction of bacteriophage R17 with ethyl methanesulphonate, isopropyl methanesulphonate and N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea was studied. Formation of breaks in the RNA chain probably results from hydrolysis of phosphotriesters formed in the alkylation reactions. Near neutral pH the ethyl and isopropyl phosphotriesters are sufficiently stable for the kinetics of the hydrolysis reaction to be followed. Results indicate that the rate of hydrolysis increases rapidly as the pH is raised. The evidence shows that a phosphotriester group does not itself constitute a lethal lesion. The extent of phosphotriester formation by the different agents is discussed in terms of reaction mechanism.


Fluorescence studies of protein-sterol relationships in human plasma lipoproteins. Cholesta-5,7,9(11)-trien-3beta-ol and its oleate ester were incorporated into human low-density lipoprotein and reconstituted high-density lipoprotein. The unesterified sterol was more efficient than its ester in quenching tryptophan fluorescence, especially in low-density lipoprotein. The results, which indicate that in such lipoproteins unesterified sterols are more closely associated with peptide than are esterified sterols, are used to assess possible structures for the lipoproteins.


A specific collagenase from rabbit fibroblasts in monolayer culture. 1. Explants of rabbit skin and synovium in tissue culture secreted a specific collagenase into their culture media. Primary cultures of fibroblast-like cells, which were obtained from these tissues and maintained in culture for up to 14 subculture passages, also secreted high activities of a specific collagenase into serum-free culture medium. Secretion of enzyme activity from the cell monolayer was at constant rate for over 100h and continued for up to 8 days in serum-free culture medium. The enzymic activity released was proportional to the number of cells in the monolayer. 2. The fibroblast collagenase was maximally active between pH7 and 8. At 24 degrees C the collagenase decreased the viscosity of collagen in solution by 60%. The collagen molecule was cleaved into three-quarters and one-quarter length fragments as demonstrated by electron microscopy of segment-long-spacing crystallites (measured as native collagen molecules aligned with N-termini together along the long axis), and by polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis of the denatured products. The collagenase hydrolysed insoluble collagen, reconstituted collagen fibrils and gelatin, but had no effect on haemoglobin or Pz-Pro-Leu-Gly-Pro-d-Arg (where Pz=4-phenylazobenzyloxycarbonyl). 3. The fibroblast collagenase was partially purified by gel filtration and the molecular weight was estimated as 38000. The activity of the partially purified enzyme was stimulated by 4-chloromercuribenzoate, inhibited by EDTA, cysteine, 1,10-phenanthroline and serum, but was unaffected by di-isopropyl phosphorofluoridate, Tos-LysCH(2)Cl and pepstatin. 4. Long-term cell cultures originating from rabbit skin or synovium from rabbits with experimentally induced arthritis also secreted specific collagenase. Human fibroblasts released only very small amounts of collagenase.


Studies on the topography of the fat cell plasma membrane.


Interaction of actin with spin-labeled heavy meromyosin in the presence of nucleotides.


Exchangeability of bicarbonate specifically bound to transferrin.


Proton magnetic resonance study of angiotensin II (Asn1Va15) in aqueous solution.


Purification and characterization of a steroid receptor from chick embryo liver.


A circular dichroism study of the secondary structure of bradykinin.


Selective incorporation of host cell methionyl-transfer RNA by RNA tumor viruses.


Inactivation of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases by amino acid chloromethylketones.


Drug-induced renal medullary necrosis. II. Mode of calcification in the kidney.


Dibutyryl cyclic AMP: increase in viral particles associated with morphologic changes in leukemic cells.


Dietary induced hyperbetalipoproteinemia in chimpanzees: comparison to the human hyperlipoproteinemia.


Phagocytosis of injured hepatocytes following inoculation with encephalomyocarditis virus.


Lysosomes of the arterial wall. II. Subcellular fractionation of aortic cells from rabbits with experimantal atheroma.


Mast cells: extended lifespan and lack of granule turnover under normal in vivo conditions.


Consideration of some problems in dosimetry and radiobioloby of stopped negative pions.


Timing of ovulation in a sterility clinic.


"Uterine progesterone system (U.P.S.)": a new form of intrauterine contraception. Preliminary report. This preliminary study of the "uterine progesterone system" (UPS), a new contraceptive agent, on 32 women for a total of 200 woman-months was very effective.  There were no side effects, no expulsions, no pregnancies, and no abnormalities in the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates and protein.  The UPS is in the shape of a T which is easily inserted and easily removed.  It has a biocompatible polymer outer membrane containing an inner core of progesterone suspension.  The UPS releases 50 mcg of progesterone per 24 hours for more than a year.  The local release of steroids interferes with fertility but does not affect the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis.


Immunochemical studies on human seminal plasma. 3. Ultracentrifugal studies on human seminal plasma and a purified fraction.


Daily urinary excretion of follicle stimulating (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) immediately after menarche.


Hydrotubation.

Hydrotubation.


Effect of HCG on plasma levels of estrogens and progesterone during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). Stimulation of sex steroid production in Rhesus monkeys. To study the plasma patterns of estrogen and progesterone under gonadotropic stimulation simulating early pregnancy, 4 normal female rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) were injected intramuscularly with 50-250 IU of human chorionic gonadotropin  (HCG) for 5-10 days during the luteal phase of their menstrual cycle.  Plasma levels of estrogen and progesterone were measured by radioimmunoassay of blood samples taken before and after the HCG injections.  The exogenous HCG was found to prolong the life span of the corpus luteum and extended the length of the luteal phase in direct relation to the length of HCG treatment.  Within 6 hours after the first HCG injection, a 10-fold increase in plasma progesterone was found in all 4 monkeys, and plasma progesterone levels remained comparatively high for 4-5 days after the first injection.  The plasma levels of estrone and estradiol were significantly higher than pretreatment levels and normal luteal phase levels during and after HCG injection, with estrone predominating over estradiol levels.  It is concluded that HCG injections in the luteal phase stimulate estrogen and progesterone production, with progesterone increasing before estrogen, but with the increased estrogen levels being maintained for longer periods of time.


Immunological similarity of placenta in human and Rhesus monkey.


Post "pill" amenorrhoea.

Post "pill" amenorrhoea.


Zinc and magnesium in human spermatozoa from different fractions of split ejaculates.


Long-term therapy with low-dose cisclomiphene in male infertility: effects on semen, serum FSH, LH, testosterone ond estradiol, and carbohydrate tolerance.


In vitro release and uptake of zinc and magnesium by human spermatozoa. Changes in the zinc and magnesium content of human spermatozoa with time have been followed over the first 24 hours after ejaculation.  Magnesium did not change but marked alternations were noted for the zinc concentration.  During the first hour there was a significant decrease followed by a "steady state" for 2 hours.  Then a significant increase during the following 4 hours was recorded.  Between 7 and 24 hours after ejaculation there was no further increase in the zinc concentration, nor did addition of 100 ug zinc per ml seminal plasma after 24 hours alter the sperm content of this ion.  The importance of the seminal plasma for sperm uptake of zinc could be demonstrated.  One subject presented semen specimens in which the uptake of zinc by the spermatozoa was very rapid and higher than that in the others.  The seminal plasma from this man had biochemical signs of a markedly decreased prostate function.  Incubation of normal spermatozoa in this seminal plasma for 4 hours increased their zinc content 3 times over the control values.  The observation that the secretory function of the accessory genital glands can influence functional properties of the spermatozoa seems of principal interest from many points of view.  Further studies along the same line may give leads to new male contraceptives.


Sperm antibody production in female sterility. A review of the immunological implications in reproductive physiology is presented.  Although attempts have been made to ascribe the antigenicity of semen to individual components, it has not been possible to isolate the human semen antigen responsible for infertility.  In monkeys total ejaculates and seminal plasma have shown higher antigenicity than washed spermatozoa.  In bulls some evidence of such antigens have been found in the seminal plasma.  They are iron-binding proteins resembling lactoferrin.  Most investigators have found no evidence for any participation of the ABO blood group antigens in cases of sterility.  On the surface of human spermatozoa histo-incompatibility antigens have been detected.  Transplantation antigens may be related to sterility.  However, an immulogic tolerance of the maternal organism exists against the genetically foreign fetal tissue.  Autoimmune spermagglutinating antibodies have been detected in the sera and in the seminal plasma of males with sterility.  An obstruction of the seminal pathways may facilitate the production of such antibodies against retained sperm.  Isoimmunity in females against seminal components has been shown in cases of sterility; however, fertile women have also been shown to have such conditions.  In a group of infertile women spermagglutination activity was detected in 7.5% of cases.  In another series of 46 cases with primary unexplained infertility agglutinating antibodies were found in 17.4%.  Other investigators have also reported higher rates than the authors.  The sperm immobilization test seems to be more sensitive than the agglutination test.  No sera were found positive with both tests.  With immunofluorescent techniques humoral sperm antibodies have been found to be the IgM and IgG fractions.  Each acts on a different part of the spermatozoa.  The only promising therapy against humoral sperm antibodies is avoidance of sperm contact over a long period of time.  Reported results have been conflicting.  Cortisone did not improve the result.  Desensitization or immunosuppresive efforts are of uncertain value.


Human vascular endothelial cells in culture. Growth and DNA synthesis. Human endothelial cells, obtained by collagenase treatment of term umbilical cord veins, were cultured using Medium 199 supplemented with 20% fetal calf serum. Small clusters of cells initially spread on plastic or glass, coalesced and grew to form confluent monolayers of polygonal cells by 7 days. Cells in primary and subcultures were identified as endothelium by the presence of Weibel-Palade bodies by electron microscopy. A morphologically distinct subpopulation of cells contaminating some primary endothelial cultures was selectively subcultured, and identified by ultrastructural criteria as vascular smooth muscle. Autoradiography of endothelial cells after exposure to [(3)H]thymidine showed progressive increases in labeling in growing cultures beginning at 24 h. In recently confluent cultures, labeling indices were 2.4% in central closely packed regions, and 53.2% in peripheral growing regions. 3 days after confluence, labeling was uniform, being 3.5 and 3.9% in central and peripheral areas, respectively. When small areas of confluent cultures were experimentally "denuded," there were localized increases in [(3)H]thymidine labeling and eventual reconstitution of the monolayer. Liquid scintillation measurements of [(3)H]thymidine incorporation in primary and secondary endothelial cultures in microwell trays showed a similar correlation of DNA synthesis with cell density. These data indicate that endothelial cell cultures may provide a useful in vitro model for studying pathophysiologic factors in endothelial regeneration.


Haemagglutinating antigen prepared from Yaba-1 virus (strain Lednice-110) by ultrasonic disintegration.


Unconventional nucleotide analogues. Synthesis of N-substituted 3-(adenin-9-yl)pyrrolidin-2-ones.


Cystosarcoma phylloides.

Cystosarcoma phylloides.


Chiropractic: a challenge for health education.


Morphogenesis of chemically induced neoplasms of the colon and small intestine in rats.


Virus productive transformation of marsupial cells by Schmidt-Ruppin strain of RSV.


DNA synthesis in "nuclear monolayers" from BSC-1 cells infected with herpes virus.


Oestradiol inhibition of collagenase role in uterine involution.


With reference to the effect of pituitary hormones on lymphocyte blastogenesis in cell-culture.


Non-simultaneous bilateral breast carcinoma.


Measurement of hepatic blood flow in man.


The reaction of the preoptic nucleus of Xenopus laevis to osmotic stimulation. An enzyme cytochemical investigation.


Cyclic AMP as a regulator of thymidine kinase.


Transformed estrogen receptor in the regulation of RNA synthesis in uterine nuclei.


Alterations of complex lipid metabolism in tumorigenic virus transformed cell lines.


Functional studies of polysome-membrane interactions in vitro.


A study of the hormonal control in vitro of Na+-K+ activated ATPase of isolated liver plasma membrane.


Some regulatory mechanisms in the synthesis of urea in the mammalian liver.


Glycogen synthetases and phosphorylases in rat hepatomas.


Ordered and specific pattern of gene expression in neoplasia.


Role of gastrin in hypersecretory disorders in man.


Antiviral chemotherapy.

Antiviral chemotherapy.


Vitamin D metabolism.

Vitamin D metabolism.


Crystal deposition joint disease.

Crystal deposition joint disease.


The cell surface and malignant transformation.


Properties of alcohol dehydrogenase isozymes in a strain of Drosophila melanogaster homozygous for the Adh-slow allele.


Sulfonylureas and the heart.

Sulfonylureas and the heart.


Effects of morphine on the gluconeogenic enzymes from rat liver in vivo.


Absence of an effect of histamine, noradrenaline and depolarizing agents on the levels of adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate in nerve endings isolated from cerebral cortex.


Effect of collagenase pretreatment on choline and acetylcholine release from slices of bovine superior cervical sympathetic ganglia.


Effect of lithium on prostaglandin F1-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity of human platelets.


Inhibition of cAMP phosphodiesterase by disodium cromoglycate.


Percutaneous trigeminal tractotomy. Variations in delineation of the obex using emulsified Pantopaque.


The effects of inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate (Becotide) and sodium cromoglycate on asthmatic reactions to provocation tests.


A radioautographic study on the mechanisms by which adrenal glucocorticoids play their permissive role in the biological activity of cyclic AMP in the liver cell.


On the activity of cathepsin C in human embryonic kidney cell cultures infected with Herpesvirus hominis (Herpes simplex).


Inhibition of beef heart and rat brain nucleoside-3':5'-monophosphate phosphodiesterase by 3beta-14-dihydroxy-21-oxo-23-desoxo-5-beta-card-20(22)-enolide 3-acetate (AY-17,605) and structurally related compounds.


Oncogenic viruses in the thrombocytopenic stage of experimental HIPA-plasmacytoma.


Selective potentiating effects of metal ions on vasopressin.


Leukocytosis-promoting factor of Bordetella pertussis. 3. Its identity with protective antigen. Leukocytosis-promoting factor (LPF) was purified from the supernatant of a 5-day liquid culture of Bordetella pertussis strains Tohama and no. 134. The preparations appeared to be filamentous molecules (2 by 40 nm) and contained histamine-sensitizing and hemagglutinin activities in addition to leukocytosis-promoting activity. Active protection tests in mice demonstrated strong protective activities of 80 international protective units per mg of protein in LPF preparations of each strain toxoided by mild Formalin treatment. Passive protection tests in mice with anti-LPF sera indicated that anti-LPF is one of the protective antibodies.


Delayed-type hypersensitivity and immunity against aerogenic tuberculosis in guinea pigs. In experiments described herein, it was observed that guinea pigs with delayed-type hypersensitivity to tuberculoproteins under various experimental conditions, with or without passive transfer of serum from immune donors, manifested no acquired immunity against aerogenically induced tuberculosis. These results are discussed in relation to the previous observations of other investigators and to the general problem of cellular hypersensitivity and immunity against facultative intracellular bacteria.


Glycolysis during early infection of feline and human cells with feline leukemia virus. A 30 to 40% increase in glucose uptake and lactic acid production was observed during a 48-h period immediately following inoculation of feline fibroblasts and HEp-2 cells with feline leukemia virus. There was no evidence of morphological alterations in either cell type. Immunofluorescent procedures to detect feline leukemia virus group-specific antigen revealed that the feline and HEp-2 cells were infected, whereas the antigen was not found in parallel cultures of uninoculated cells. Increased glycolysis depends upon the physiological state of the host cell and was not observed with infected stationary-phase cells.


Anti-cardiolipin and anti-phosphatidylglycerol antibodies prepared against bacterial phospholipids. Anti-phosphatidylglycerol and anti-cardiolipin antisera were prepared in rabbits by using phospholipids purified from Micrococcus lysodeikticus. Anti-phosphatidylglycerol antibodies were found in antisera when either phosphatidylglycerol or cardiolipin were used as immunogens, but adsorption studies indicated they were not similar. Antibodies which reacted with phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidic acid were also found in the anti-cardiolipin antiserum. Structures of the antigenic groups in phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin are suggested from cross-reaction and adsorption studies. Adsorption studies with pure phospholipid antigens indicated the importance of the spacial orientation of phospholipid haptens for immunological reactivity.


Physicochemical fractionation of extracellular cornea-damaging proteases of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Fractionation of the culture supernatant fluids of a cornea-virulent strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by ammonium sulfate precipitation, diafiltration, isoelectric focusing, ion-exchange chromatography, gel filtration, and sucrose density gradient centrifugation failed to separate the rabbit cornea-damaging activity and the in vitro protease activity of the preparations. Three proteases having similar molecular weights (approximately 20,000) and isoelectric points of approximately 4.6, 5.8, and 8.8 were obtained free of detectable amounts of other known extracellular pseudomonal enzymes. Heating a mixture of the three proteases for 15 min at 80 C resulted in complete loss of protease and cornea-damaging activities. The sterile culture filtrate of a nonproteolytic but lethal toxin-producing strain of P. aeruginosa did not contain cornea-damaging activity. Cultivation of the proteolytic strain in broth containing 4.7% ammonium sulfate yielded a culture supernatant fluid free of protease and cornea-damaging activities. The results obtained support the conclusion that a cornea-virulent strain of P. aeruginosa can produce, in vitro, at least three different extracellular proteases capable of eliciting rapid and extensive damage to rabbit corneas.


Mutation in Shigella flexneri resulting in loss of ability to penetrate HeLa cells and loss of glycerol kinase activity. A colonial variant of a virulent Shigella flexneri 2a has lost both virulence and glycerol kinase activity. It also has several other altered characteristics: lowered ability to oxidize tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates, increased electrophoretic mobility, and decreased sensitivity to sodium lauryl sulfate. Genetic analysis has revealed that the gene governing glycerol kinase activity in Shigella has a different chromosomal locus than that from Escherichia coli. Furthermore, transduction of the Shigella glycerol kinase gene (glp K) into the avirulent Shigella strain can restore the ability to penetrate HeLa cells, whereas the gene from E. coli cannot. About half of the glp K mutants lose this ability, and only about half of the revertants of an avirulent glp K mutant regain it. This indicates that more than one gene affects glycerol kinase activity in Shigella, only one of which is associated with penetration. Glycerol kinase activity is closely correlated with changes in electrophoretic mobility, but does not appear to have any relationship to sodium lauryl sulfate sensitivity nor to the oxidation of tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates.


Evidence that neurons harbor latent herpes simplex virus. The cell type(s) harboring latent herpes simplex virus in the spinal ganglia of mice was investigated. Taken together, results from immunofluorescence, electron microscopic, autoradiographic, and in situ nucleic acid hybridization methods suggest strongly that, in mice, latent virus is maintained in neurons.


Cross-protection between group B arboviruses: resistance in mice to Japanese B encephalitis and St. Louis encephalitis viruses induced by Dengue virus immunization. Albino Swiss mice, immunized with any of several types and strains of dengue viruses, were afforded substantial protection against peripheral Japanese B encephalitis or St. Louis encephalitis virus challenge. Dengue-2 (New Guinea "C")-immunized mice showed, 10 and 20 weeks after immunization, undiminished resistance with concomitant cyclophosphamide treatment and virus challenge. Examination of the effects of immunization on Japanese B encephalitis virus pathogenesis, after virus challenge with concomitant cyclophosphamide treatment, indicated that protection was associated with decreased viremia and virtually no virus replication in the brain as compared with controls. These effects could be demonstrated before detection of any neutralizing antibody to the challenge virus. From the applied aspect, the data support the hypothesis, based on epidemiological evidence and experiments in hamsters, that prior exposure of man to dengue viruses can confer some degree of protection against Japanese B encephalitis or St. Louis encephalitis disease.


Pleomorphic adenoma of the thyroid containing salivary gland cells with pseudocartilage and myoepithelial cells.


Preparation and use of surface-modified adsorbents in clean-up techniques for pesticide residue analysis.


Horny cell formation in the epidermis of Rana pipiens.


Bilateral mixed tumors occurring simultaneously in major and minor salivary glands.


Activation of the murine sarcoma virus genome after infection with the murine leukemia virus as determined by cell agglutination. Non-virus-producing NIH/3T3 cells transformed by the murine sarcoma virus are agglutinated by conconavalin A to the same low level as normal NIH/3T3 cells. Infection with the murine leukemia virus greatly increases the agglutination of transformed cells but not that of normal cells. These data suggest that the morphological expression of cell transformation and the surface alterations associated with increased cell agglutination are controlled by the expressions of different sarcoma virus genes.


Pseudomonas infections of skin: an experimental study.


Inability of adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate to simulate fully the effects of LH in rabbit ovaries.


Synthesis of avian oncornavirus DNA in infected chicken cells. The intracellular synthesis and integration of viral DNA (vDNA) into the host cell genome was studied in cultured chicken embryo fibroblasts infected with avian sarcoma or leukemia viruses. The newly synthesized vDNA was detected by hybridization with 70S viral RNA. Extraction of infected cell DNA by the selective procedure of Hirt resulted in the enrichment of newly synthesized vDNA in the low molecular weight supernatant fraction while leaving the bulk of cellular DNA containing integrated vDNA in the high molecular weight pellet fraction. This approach led to detection of intracellular vDNA synthesis within 1 h after infection and to vDNA integration into cellular DNA within 24 h. There was a several-fold increase in the vDNA content of infected cells during the initial phase of virus infection. But only a part of this newly synthesized vDNA appeared to become covalently linked with high molecular weight cellular DNA. Most of the remaining unintegrated vDNA gradually disappeared. The sedimentation profiles of minimally sheared cellular DNA in alkaline sucrose velocity gradients suggest that vDNA is synthesized as free linear molecules of approximately 3 x 10(6) daltons which subsequently are covalently linked to host cell DNA.