Immunity of Epstein-Barr virus in Hodgkin's disease preceded by infectious mononucleosis. A patient who developed Hodgkin's disease four years after infectious mononucleosis had elevated serum antibody titres to Epstein-Barr virus and delayed hypersensitivity reactions to membrane antigens prepared from fresh autologous spleen, from spleen cells of another Hodgkin's patient, and from cell lines known to carry the Epstein-Barr virus genome. Additional studies in more lymphoma patients will be needed to determine the significance of the reactivity against tumour and virus-associated antigens which has been documented in this patient.


The laboratory diagnosis of virus infections in gynecology and obstetrics.


Herpes genitalis: clinical features.

Herpes genitalis: clinical features.


Herpes genitalis: venereal aspects.

Herpes genitalis: venereal aspects.


Relation of herpesvirus type 2 to carcinoma of the cervix.


Significance of herpes simplex virus infection during pregnancy.


Herpes genitalis: management--present and predicted.


Cytomegalovirus infections in the pregnant female and the newborn infant.


Membrane components and enzymes in virally transformed cells.


Surface glycoproteins of cells before and after transformation by oncogenic viruses.


Surface changes in transformed cells detected by lectins.


Glycolipid synthesis and tumorigenicity of clones isolated from the Nil 2 line of hamster embryo fibroblasts.


Studies on the specificity of the radio-bioassay for corticotrophin.


Adrenocorticotropic activity in vitro of the chick embryo pituitary gland.


The mechanism of cell fusion. II. Formation of chicken erythrocyte polykaryons.


Purification and properties of a protein kinase from bovine corpus luteum that is stimulated by cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate and luteinizing hormone.


New complexes of peroxidases with hydroxamic acids, hydrazides, and amides.


Regulation of biodegradative threonine deaminase. I. Allosteric inhibition of the enzyme by a reaction product and its reversal by adenosin 5'-monophosphate.


Kinetics of electron transfer between cardiac cytochrome c 1  and c.


Studies on heart phosphofructokinase. Role of fructose 1,6-diphosphate in enzyme activity.


Purification and properties of the protein activator of bovine heart cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate phosphodiesterase.


Light-stimulated phosphorylation of bovine visual pigments by adenosine triphosphate.


A novel sialic acid and fucose-containing disaccharide isolated from the jelly coat of sea urchin eggs.


Spectroscopic evidence for a difference between the iron-binding sites of conalbumin.


The elongation factor 2 content of mammalian cells. Assay method and relation to ribosome number.


Mammalian deoxyribonucleic acid ligase. Isolation of an active enzyme-adenylate complex.


Binding of testosterone to uterine components of the immature rat.


Regulation and mechanism of phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase. V. Inhibition by end products and regulation by adenosine diphosphate.


Evidence against two "pH locked" conformations of phosphorylated trypsin.


Activation of muscle fructose 1,6-diphosphatase by creatine phosphate and citrate.


Electron spin resonance of  63 Cu and  65 Cu carbonic anhydrases. Resolution of nitrogen ligand superhyperfine structure.


Gluconeogenesis in rabbit liver. I. Pyruvate-derived dicarboxylic acids and phosphoenolpyruvate formation in rabbit liver.


Sodium-potassium-activated adenosine triphosphatase of Electrophorus electric organ. 8. Monovalent cation sites regulating phosphatase activity.


A form of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-cytochrome b 5   reductase containing both the catalytic site and an additional hydrophobic membrane-binding segment.


Lipid-protein interactions in the reconstitution of the microsomal reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-cytochrome b 5  reductase system.


Anomalous ligand binding by a class of high spin c-type cytochromes.


Adrenal gland in vitamin E deficiency. 3. Inhibition of adrenocorticotropic hormone-induced steroidogenesis in isolated adrenal cells by ascorbic acid.


Cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate in guinea pig cerebral cortical slices. I. Formation of cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate from endogenous adenosine triphosphate and from radioactive adenosine triphosphate formed during a prior incubation with radioactive adenine.


Properties of adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate-dependent protein kinases isolated from bovine epididymal spermatozoa.


Sodium-potassium-activated adenosine triphosphatase. IX. The role of phospholipids.


Chemical sympathectomy and avoidance learning in the rat.


Femoral neuropathy due to haemorrhage into iliacus muscle.


Plasma cortisol.

Plasma cortisol.


A clinicopathological study of synovial sarcoma.


Plasma cortisol level in normal Indian subjects and its variation in disease.


The angiographic appearance of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.


Studies on the adrenocortical hormone therapy in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children.


Radioimmunoassay of angiotensin and determination of renin activity.


Principles of brain scan interpretation.


Selective angiography in localizing islet-cell tumors of the pancreas. A further appraisal.


Parasitic blood supply of neoplasms. Mechanisms and significance.


Arteriographic findings in synovial hemangioma of the knee.


Multilocular cyst of the kidney. A case report with angiographic findings.


Radiotherapy in chest malignant tumors associated with pulmonary tuberculosis.


Massive hemoperitoneum from rupture of benign hepatocellular adenoma.


Changes of immunologic competence of lymphocytes evaluated by phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced DNA synthesis related to pregnancy and gynecologic tumors.


Establishment of Entamoeba histolytica from liver abscess in monoxenic cultures with hemoflagellates.


Herpes zoster dendritic keratitis.

Herpes zoster dendritic keratitis.


Radiation therapy of glomus jugulare tumors.


Long-term results of therapy of glomus jugulare tumors.


Brain microsomal protein kinase in the chronically morphinized rat.


Accelerated turnover rate of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotides in the liver of rats intoxicated with carbon disulphide.


Effects of tubercidin and its ribonucleotides on various metabolic pathways in Schistosoma mansoni.


Kininase activity in equine plasma.

Kininase activity in equine plasma.


Reducibility of cytochromes b in aerobic beef-heart mitochondria treated with antimycin.


Oxidoreduction of cytochrome b in the presence of antimycin.


Quantitative EPR studies of the primary reaction of photosystem I in chloroplasts.


The reduction mechanism of ferricytochrome c.


Factors influencing induction and duration of oculomotor reflex rebound in the guinea pig.


Further enzyme histochemical observations on the segmentation of the proximal tubules in the kidney of the male rat.


Granular cell myoblastoma of the bronchus. Report of two cases, one diagnosed by exfoliative cytology.


Effect of dexamethasone on affective behavior and adrenal reactivity following septal lesions in the rat.


Activity of plasma angiotensin II in experimental coarctation of the aorta.


Quantitation of RNA tumor viruses and viruslike particles in human milk by hybridization to polyadenylic acid sequences. RNA tumor viruses and viruslike particles from human milk are quantitated by hybridization of the polyadenylic acid regions in their 60S to 70S RNA to radioactive polyribouridylic acid of known specific activity. The length of the polyadenylic acid region in the 60S to 70S RNA of the human milk particle is identical to that of the known oncogenic RNA viruses.


Activities of certain enzymes of glycolytic pathway in normal, chronic cervicitis and malignant human cervix uteri.


Recovery of infectious canine hepatitis virus from dogs with different clinical syndromes.


Review of canine viral disease.

Review of canine viral disease.


Studies on the reconstituion of bovine erythrocyte superoxide dismutase. 3. Evidence for a strong interdependence between Cu 2+  and Zn 2+  binding in the expression of the spectroscopic properties of the native protein and for a close proximity of the Zn 2+  and Cu 2+  sites.


The isolation and properties of pig plasma lipoproteins and partial characterisation of their apoproteins.


On the physiological role of   2 -macroglobulin.


Evidence for intramolecular crosslinks in chicken bone collagen: the isolation of peptides containing allysine aldol.


Environment of the iron-sulfur chromophore in adrenodoxin studied by EPR and ENDOR spectroscopy.


Studies on the reconstitution of bovine erythrocyte superoxide dismutase. I. The presence of four divalent metal-binding sites on the apo protein which are different from the native sites.


Interactions of bovine serum albumin with penicillins and cephalosporins studied by pulse radiolysis.


Synaptic transmission in the submandibular ganglion of the rat.


Studies on the reconstitution of bovine erythrocyte superoxide dismutase. II. Some observations on the nature of catalyzed superoxide anion dismutation as an enzymatic activity.


Areexamination of phase IV Bordetella pertussis.


Ultrastructure of Filobasidium Olive.

Ultrastructure of Filobasidium Olive.


Growth and ultrastructural differentiation of sporangia in Phytophthora palmivora.


Effect of some adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate analogues on cell proliferation, tumor growth and macromolecular synthesis in various organs of the mouse.


Modification of yeast tyrosine tRNA with N-acetoxy-2-acetylaminofluorene.


The conversion of ornithine to proline: compartmentation of enzymes between cytoplasm and mitochondria.


Multiple steroid hormone receptors in calf uterus. Binding specificities and distribution.


Biological defense mechanisms. The production by leukocytes of superoxide, a potential bactericidal agent. As a highly reactive substance produced in biological systems by the one-electron reduction of oxygen, superoxide (O(2) (-)) seemed a likely candidate as a bactericidal agent in leukocytes. The reduction of cytochrome c, a process in which O(2) (-) may serve as an electron donor, was found to occur when the cytochrome was incubated with leukocytes. O(2) (-) was identified as the agent responsible for the leukocyte-mediated reduction of cytochrome c by the demonstration that the reaction was abolished by superoxide dismutase, an enzyme that destroys O(2) (-), but not by boiled dismutase, albumin, or catalase. Leukocyte O(2) (-) production doubled in the presence of latex particles. The average rate of formation of O(2) (-) in the presence of these particles was 1.03 nmol/10(7) cells per 15 min. This rate, however, is only a lower limit of the true rate of O(2) (-) production, since any O(2) (-) which reacted with constituents other than cytochrome c would have gone undetected. Thus. O(2) (-) is made by leukocytes under circumstances which suggest that it may be involved in bacterial killing.


Activity of some actinomycetes and high plants against foot and mouth disease virus.


Measles giant cell pneumonia without rash in a case of lymphocytic lymphosarcoma. An electron microscopic study.


Ultimobranchial gland ultrastructure of larval axolotls, Ambystoma mexicanum Shaw, with some observations on the newt, Pleurodeles waltlii Micahelles.


Ultrastructural studies on the hypothalamic neurosecretory neurons of the rat. II. The hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system in rats with hereditary hypothalamic diabetes insipidus.


Ultrastructure of the hepatopancreas and associated tissues of the chelicerate arthropod, Limulus polyphemus.


Gas secreting cells in the rear chamber of the swimbladder of the pond-loach, Misgurnus fossilis L. An electron microscopic study.


Disturbance of blood glucose regulation in pertussis sensitized rats.


Semisynthetic penicillins. IX. Thiophene compounds related to oxacillin and cloxacillin.


The kinin system in allergic states.

The kinin system in allergic states.


Primary aldosteronism due to hyperplasia of zona glomerulosa: failure of suppression by DOCA or stimulation by angiotensin.


Fatal disseminated intravascular coagulation and hemolytic anemia following stibophen therapy: a study of basic mechanisms.


The purification and properties of superoxide dismutase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae.


A specific colorimetric and cytochemical substrate for ribonuclease T 2 : adenosine-3'-( -naphtylphosphate).


Inhibitors of the pulmonary angiotensin I-converting enzyme.


Proteolytic enzymes in extracts of Schistosoma mansoni cercariae.


Anomalous kinetics observed in the catalysis of a peptide substrate with collagenase.


Free radicals in malonic acid: a study of radical conformations at 77K and 295K by the ESR-technique.


Behavior of cycloaldolase from Neurospora crassa towards substrate analogs and aldolase inhibitors.


The energy metabolism of human-blood polymorphonuclear cells. Action of various effectors, except hormones.


Synthesis and evaluation of the anticancer activity of some water soluble maleimide derivatives.


Conformational isomers of nitrosyl-haemoglobin. An electron-spin-resonance study.


Histochemical study of TPPase and NDPase in the human nervous tissue, with particular reference to glia cells.


Variation of phosphorylase distribution in skeletal muscles.


Microbial and hepatic cuprein (superoxide dismutase). Isolation and characterisation of cuprein (superoxide dismutase) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and bovine liver.


Metabolism of pyridine nucleotides and its relation to DNA synthesis in regenerating mouse liver.


Function of thiol groups in yeast pyruvate kinase.


Comparative thin-layer chromatography of indole-containing metabolites of tryptophan and their sulfur isosteres.


Disturbance by tumor promotors of epidermal growth control (chalone mechanism).


Susceptibility and resistance to viral leukemogenesis in the mouse. IV. Mechanisms of host resistance to leukemia expression.


Mechanism of syncytium formation between XC sarcoma cells and murine endocrine carcinoma cells.


Rabbit kidney vacuolating virus in spontaneous Shope papillomas of cottontail rabbits.


Immunologic reactivity of the cat: immunosuppression in experimental feline leukemia.


Tissue culture studies of mouse mammary tumor cells and associated viruses.


Virus-like particles in guinea pig oogonia and oocytes.


Enhancement of tumor growth rate by interferon inducers.


Precipitating antibody to an internal antigen of the C-type virus associated with bovine lymphosarcoma.


Transmission of lymphosarcoma from cattle to sheep.


Fine structure of the autonomic nerves of the rabbit myometrium.


Quantitative data on the fine structural organization of the palisade zone of the median eminence.


A morphologic and histochemical study of biliary atresia in lamprey liver.


Synthesis of glycogen in leucocytes from various precursors.


Altered kinetic property of erythrocyte phosphoribosylpsyrophosphate synthetase in excessive purine production.


Corticotrophic cells in the rostral zone of the pars intermedia and in the adjacent neurohypophysis of the rat and mouse. An electron microscopic study.


Ultrastructure of the chick thymus.

Ultrastructure of the chick thymus.


Secretory surface phenomena in freeze-etched preparations of the adenohypophysial cells and neurosecretory fibers.


Renal transplantation and viral infections. I. A retrospective serological study of renal transplantation recipients.


The effects of desiccation and starvation upon the weight, histology and ultrastructure of the reproductive tract of Biomphalaria glabrata, intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni.


Histochemical demonstration of delta 5 -3  -OHD activity in the granulosa cells of ovarian follicles of immature and mature mice correlated with some ultrastructural observations.


Epithelial ultrastructure and the distribution of an estradiol sensitive antigen in the vagina of adult mice.


Effects of pH on the intra- and extramitochondrial nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide systems.


Landlord-supervised cooperative apartments: a new modality for community-based treatment.


Quantitative evaluation of normal and pathologic cerebral blood flow regulation to perfusion pressure. Changes in man.


Acute optic neuropathy in older patients.


Studies on the mechanism of the antilipolytic effect of Paraoxon.


The acid and alkaline phosphatases, inorganic pyrophosphatases and phosphoprotein phosphatase of bone. II. Distribution in subcellular fractions of bone tissue homogenates and structure-linked latency.


The acid and alkaline phosphatases, inorganic pyrophosphatases and phosphoprotein phosphatase of bone. I. Characterization and assay.


Histone hydrolase activity of rat liver lysosomal cathepsin B2.


The study of natural sleep after general anaesthesia in the cat.


Effect of silica on phospholipids in the rat lung.


Extensive superficial vulvectomy with primary skin grafting for premalignant lesions.


Herpes hepatitis in adults.

Herpes hepatitis in adults.


Efficacy of whooping-cough vaccines used in the United Kingdom before 1968. The efficacy of pertussis vaccines was investigated in 33 areas in the United Kingdom from November 1966 until April 1968 inclusive. Bordetella pertussis was isolated from 1,293 persons, but there were only six isolations of B. papapertussis. Among vaccinated contacts under 5 years in homes in which B. pertussis was isolated 52% developed paroxysmal cough. The corresponding attack rate among unvaccinated contacts was 69%. These findings suggest that much of the pertussis vaccine in use for five or six years before 1968 was not very effective. However, vaccine from one producer was more effective than vaccine from another. Of the cultures of B. pertussis identified 89% were serotype 1, 3 and only about 9% were serotype 1, 2, 3. Serotype 1, 2, 3 was isolated much more frequently from unvaccinated than from vaccinated children, but some cultures identified as type 1, 2, 3 were found on re-examination to contain colonies of type 1, 3. Virological investigations were made in some areas during the first year of the study. Of the wide variety of viruses identified adenovirus and parainfluenza virus were the most common groups. Virus isolation rates were similar in patients and symptomless contacts, but B. pertussis was isolated far more often from patients than from symptomless contacts. The evidence suggests that B. pertussis remained the major cause of whooping cough in the U.K.


Technique of oil myelography.

Technique of oil myelography.


Corticosteroid withdrawal in asthma.

Corticosteroid withdrawal in asthma.


WHO collaborative studies on poliovirus type 3 strains isolated during the 1968 poliomyelitis epidemic in Poland. In 1968 in Poland an extensive outbreak of poliomyelitis, caused by type 3 poliovirus, began about four months after small vaccine trials with the Leon 12a(1)b (Sabin) and USOL-D bac vaccine strains had been carried out. Because of the temporal association, and because the first cases appeared in the province in which the USOL-D vaccine trial was carried out, a detailed investigation of the strains isolated from cases in the epidemic was made in four laboratories in an attempt to determine whether they were related to the two vaccine strains or to a "wild" strain. All the studies were made under code. The rct marker was of no help in determining the relationship of the epidemic strains to the vaccine strains. The McBride test and the elution marker test clearly separated the Leon 12a(1)b strains from those from the cases, but were incapable of detecting whether the epidemic strains were related to the USOL-D bac strain or to wild type 3 strains. Thus the studies did not provide valid information on the origin of the epidemic.


Comparison of corticotrophin and corticosteroid response to lysine vasopressin, insulin, and pyrogen in man. Plasma corticotrophin (ACTH) and corticosteroid levels in response to lysine vasopressin (LVP), insulin hypoglycaemia, and pyrogen have been compared in seven subjects with normal pituitary adrenal function. Intramuscular vasopressin was a weak stimulus to corticotrophin release, peak values lying within the range 49 to 141 pg/ml. Insulin hypoglycaemia consistently caused a more noticeable increase, with peak levels between 114 and 364 pg/ml, while pyrogen was the most powerful, corticotrophin levels rising to between 209 and 1,725 pg/ml. Peak plasma corticosteroid levels showed less pronounced differences between the three tests, and correlated poorly with peak ACTH levels. Thus, relatively small acute changes in corticotrophin levels produce near-maximal adrenal stimulation. Under these conditions, plasma corticosteroid measurements do not accurately reflect circulating corticotrophin levels. These findings help to explain the physiological basis of several observations on the corticosteroid responses to these clinical test procedures.


Role of vacuoles and vesicles in extracellular enzyme secretion from yeast.


Studies on cell fusion and the rescue of SV40 from cell cultures of successive generations of C1 2  TSV 5  - and RHaT-produced hamster tumors.


Studies on the immunogenicity of virus-infected lymphocytes for the production of antilymphocyte serum.


Characterization of viomycin and its acyl derivatives.


The total structure of viomycin by sequential analysis.


Studies on steroid conjugates. X. Significance of conjugation involved in biosynthesis of 2-methoxyestrogen.


A new phosphatase produced by Streptomyces yokosukanensis.


Modifications in primate cerebral circulation and electrical activity with profound hypothermia.


Cryoprotection of some rat heart enzymes.


Enzymatic activities of the first two steps of liver HEME biosynthesis in experimental MHV-3 viral hepatitis.


Alteration of properties of cell contacts during progression of hepatomas.


Localization of erythrocyte membrane antigens by immune electron microscopy.


Effect of dibutyryl cyclic AMP on the restoration of contact inhibition in tumor cells and its relationship to cell density and the cell cycle.


Health care policy issues in the 1970s.

Health care policy issues in the 1970s.


Studies on the terminal stages of complement lysis.


Antibody response to a protein antigen (ovalbumin) in dissociated spleen cell cultures from primed mice. Evidence for a suppressive effect of antigen.


Characteristics of "big ACTH" in human plasma and pituitary extracts.


Cushing's disease with periodic hormonogenesis: one explanation for paradoxical response to dexamethasone.


A radioimmunoassay for plasma aldosterone without chromatography.


Normal peroxidase activity in Pendred's syndrome.


Similarity of the estrogen receptor in human and rat mammary carcinoma.


Immunochemical similarity between polysaccharide antigens of Escherichia coli 07: K1(L):NM and group B Neisseria meningitidis.


Neuronal and glial enzyme studies in cell culture.


Composition, structure and phase transition in yeast fatty acid auxotroph membranes: spin labels and freeze-fracture.


Structure of the lipid phase of Rauscher murine leukemia virus.


A spin label study of human erythrocyte carbonic anhydrases B and C.


Treatment of metastatic trophoblastic disease: good and poor prognosis.


Cell-mediated immunity in patients with ovarian carcinoma.


Ultrasonic diagnosis of Wilms' tumors.

Ultrasonic diagnosis of Wilms' tumors.


Detection of feline syncytia-forming carrier state with a microimmunodiffusion test.


The ultrastructural pathology of the rat epididymis after administration of  -chlorhydrin (U-5897). I. Effects of a single high dose.


Effects of irradiation on the survival of virus in West Coast oysters. Gamma irradiation was evaluated as a means of inactivating poliovirus in shucked and whole shellfish. Results indicated that there was a significant survival of virus at all levels of radiation tested.


Mutagenesis and enrichment of auxotrophs in Penicillium chrysogenum. An efficient method for isolation of auxotrophs of Penicillium chyrysogenum involving mutagenesis with ethyl methanesulfonate followed by enrichment with sodium pentachlorophenate was developed. The auxotroph frequencies obtained were 30 to 40%.


Properties of DNA treated with S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)-L-cysteine and a lyase.


Studies on the substrate specificity of hexosaminidase A and B from liver.


Thermal injury and recovery of Bacillus subtilis. Exposure of Bacillus subtilis NCTC 8236 to sublethal temperatures produced a change in the sensitivity of the organism to salt and polymyxin. After 30 min at 47 C, 90% of the population was unable to grow on a modified sulfite polymyxin sulfadiazine agar containing an added 1% NaCl, 1% glucose, and 1% asparagine. The data presented demonstrate that thermal injury results in degradation of both 16S and 23S ribonucleic acid (RNA) and in damage to the cell membrane, suggested by leakage into the heating mestruum of material absorbing at 260 nm. When the cells were placed in a recovery medium (Trypticase soy broth), complete recovery, indicated by a returned tolerance to salt and polymyxin, occurred within 2 hr. The presence of a protein inhibitor (chloramphenicol) and cell wall inhibitors (vancomycin and penicillin) during recovery had no effect, whereas the presence of an RNA inhibitor (actinomycin D) effectively inhibited recovery. Further data demonstrated that the injured cells were able to resynthesize both species of ribosomal RNA during recovery by using the fragments which resulted from the injury process. Also, precursor 16S and precursor 23S particles accumulated during recovery. The maturation of the precursor particles during recovery was not affected by the presence of chloramphenicol in the recovery medium.


Studies of mitochondrial development prior to lactogenesis in the mouse mammary gland.


Purification and properties of an endonuclease from Chlamydomonas.


The oxidation-reduction potentials and rates of oxidation of the cytochromes of Nitrobacter agilis.


Electron paramagnetic resonance studies on nitrogenase. I. The properties of molybdoferredoxin and azoferredoxin.


Studies on cell adhesion. II. Adhesion of cells to surfaces of diverse chemical composition and inhibition of adhesion by sulfhydryl binding reagents.


The covalent binding of D-fructose 1,6-diphosphate to muscle aldolase.


Purification and properties of a cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase from bovine heart.


Postmortem changes in surface preparations of the cochlea.


Electron microscopic study of reticulohistiocytoma. An unusual case of congenital, self-healing reticulohistiocytosis.


Biogenesis of mitochondria: neuroendocrine effects on the development of respiratory functions in fat body mitochondria of the cockroach, Blaberus discoidalis.


Acceleration of protein synthesis by angiotensin--correlation with angiotensin's effect on catecholamine biosynthesis.


Vitamin D metabolism. Recent advances.

Vitamin D metabolism. Recent advances.


Hepatoma and hepatitis-associated antigen.


The effect of an oral contraceptive on serum lipids.


Steroid contraceptives and plasma carotenoids. Plasma vitamin-A and total carotenes were estimated by UV absorption of hexane extracts in Zambian women taking combined oral contraceptives or 150 mg Depo-Provera injected im at 3 month intervals, and in controls.  88 controls had a mean of 38 mcg/100 ml plasma vitamin-A and 151 mcg/100 ml total carotene.  48 women taking oral contraceptives for a mean of 17 months had 73 mcg/100 ml vitamin-A (p=.001) and 159 mcg/100 ml total carotene.  This increase in vitamin-A appeared in 1 month in a group of 12 who were tested before and after starting the pill.  24 women given injected progestin had 37 mcg/100 ml vitamin-A and 66 mcg/100 ml total carotene (p=.001).  This decrease in carotene appeared in 2-4 months in a group of 8 who were tested before and after injection.  A slight increase in vitamin-A at the end of a cycle of pills was the only difference observed during the cycle in these groups.  The authors noted that the increase in circulating vitamin-A, about 900 mcg, is far lower than the supplement of 3000 mcg daily widely prescribed for pregnant women, and not likely to be teratogenic in case of pregnancy.


Keratohyalin granule-like mitochondrial inclusion in the neonatal rat tongue and esophageal epithelia.


The linkage of genes for the human interferon-induced antiviral protein and indophenol oxidase-B traits to chromosome G-21. 13 independent mouse-human somatic cell hybrid clones derived from beta-propiolactone-inactivated Sendai stimulated cell fusion of human cells with mouse cells were tested for their sensitivities to human and mouse interferon. All of them were protected by mouse interferon and only six of the clones were protected by both human and mouse interferon. Only the six that were protected by human interferon were shown to express the human dimeric form of indophenol oxidase. Complete chromosomal analysis of the clones indicated human chromosome G-21 to be the only human chromosome in common for the six clones which had both phenotypes present. Nine subclones were derived from one of the clones expressing both phenotypes. Eight of the nine subclones were shown to retain both phenotypes, whereas one subclone lost both. Chromosomal analysis of the subclones indicated the loss of chromosome G-21 from the subclone which lost both phenotypes. It is apparent from these findings that the gene(s) for indophenol oxidase (IPO-B) and the gene(s) for the antiviral protein are syntenic and that they are linked to human chromosome G-21.


Replication of vesicular stomatitis virus: the effect of purified interfering component.


Intrinsic interference between different enveloped RNA viruses.


The effects of various protecting agents on the inactivation of foot-and-mouth disease virus in aerosols and during freeze-drying.


Electron microscopic studies on the development of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus in bovine kidney cells.


Purification of mengovirus and identification of an A-rich segment in its ribonucleic acid.


Reovirus type 3 encephalitis--a virologic and ultrastructural study.


Subacute focal adenovirus encephalitis.

Subacute focal adenovirus encephalitis.


Murine influenza virus encephalomyelitis. I. Neuropathological and immunofluorescence findings.


Murine influenza virus encephalomyelitis. II. Electron microscopic observations.


Granular cell tumors of the central nervous system.


Control of renin secretion.

Control of renin secretion.


The current state of immunity to polioviruses in New South Wales.


Salivary gland disorders. II. Salivary tumors.


Peripheral neuropathy with ethambutol.

Peripheral neuropathy with ethambutol.


Maternal bronchial carcinoma and its possible relation to neonatal hypoglycaemia.


Posterior fossa cisternography.

Posterior fossa cisternography.


The hypothalamo-hypophysial system in Acipenseridae. 3. The neurohypophysis of Acipenser güldenstädti Brandt and Acipenser stellatus Pallas.


The fine structure of the pancreatic nerves of the domestic fowl.


Ultrastructural observations on the pars descendens of the proximal tubule in the kidney of the male rat.


Unique sensory endings in rat muscle spindles.


The fine structure of the branchial heart appendage of the cephalopod Octopus dofleini martini.


The differentiation of foot-and-mouth disease virus subtypes by means of the passive immuno-hemolysis test.


Hexoestrol analogues as probes of oestrogen receptors. I. Importance of hydrogen-bonding groups for receptor binding.


Studies on mechanical actions of mepivacaine (Carbocaine) and its optically active isomers on isolated smooth muscle: role of Ca ++  and cyclic AMP.


Hexoestrol analogues as probes of oestrogen receptors. II. Importance of hydrogen-bonding groups for binding to uterine tissue and for uterotrophic activity.


Ampicillin rash in children. Relationship to penicillin allergy and infectious mononucleosis.


Inheritance of combined hyperlipoproteinemia: evidence for a new lipoprotein phenotype.


Plasma testosterone stimulation-suppression dynamics in hirsute women. correlation with long-term therapy.


Virilizing luteoma of pregnancy. Report of a case with measurements of testosterone and testosterone binding in plasma.


Studies of platelet adhesiveness, glucose tolerance and serum liporotein patterns in patients with coronary artery disease.


Arteriographic findings of focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver and review of the literature.


Endoscopic pancreato-cholangiography. A preliminary report on technique and diagnostic significance.


Bacterial flora in the duodenum of patients after biliary fenestration.


Chlorpromazine in malignant insulinoma.

Chlorpromazine in malignant insulinoma.


Tumor hypercalcemia.

Tumor hypercalcemia.


Effects of caudate stimulation on unitary responses of the lateral geniculate body to light.


Association of ectopically produced hyperparathyroidism with hepatoma.


Effect of tetanus toxin on the inhibitory neuromuscular junction of crayfish muscle.


Myelin hypoplasia including peripheral neuropathy caused by three mutations of the mouse.


Effects of guanidine derivatives on mitochondrial function. IV. Changes in citric acid cycle intermediates and NADH.


The response of normal and polyoma virus-transformed BHK-21 cells to exogenous purines.


Nucleotide pools of Novikoff rat hepatoma cells growing in suspension culture. IV. Nucleoside transport in cells depleted of nucleotides by treatment with KCN.


Loss of density-dependent regulation of multiplication of BALB-3T3 cells chemically transformed in vitro.


Influence of acetylcholine on contractile force and cyclic nucleotide levels in the isolated perfused rat heart.


Decreased contractility and norepinephrine content of guinea-pig seminal vesicles after chronic treatment with testosterone.


Delayed release of transmitter at the frog neuromuscular junction. 1. After the end-plate potential (e.p.p.) there is an increase in the frequency of the miniature e.p.p.s. This delayed release of transmitter was studied at the frog neuromuscular junction, using conventional intracellular and extracellular recording techniques. E.p.p. amplitude was kept subthreshold by subnormal concentrations of activating divalent ions.2. The ratio delayed release: initial release had values between 2 and 140%, depending on the experimental conditions; it decreased with an increase in Ca concentration and quantal content.3. Delayed release is larger at low temperature than at room temperature.4. Delayed release is statistically independent of the amplitude of the preceding e.p.p.5. The time course of the decay of the delayed release is monotonic when strontium is the activating divalent ion; it shows a ;dip' in more than 50% of the cases when Ca activated release.6. The results were discussed in terms of the residual Ca ion hypothesis.


The effects of tetanus toxin on neuromuscular transmission and on the morphology of motor end-plates in slow and fast skeletal muscle of the mouse. 1. A sublethal dose of tetanus toxin was injected into the muscles of one hind leg of the mouse and caused local tetanus which persisted for 4 weeks.2. Neuromuscular transmission was studied in vitro in nerve-muscle preparations of soleus, a slow muscle, and extensor digitorum longus (EDL), a fast muscle, from 1 day to 6 months after the injection of toxin.3. Soleus failed to respond to nerve stimulation, became supersensitive to acetylcholine and showed spontaneous fibrillations for several weeks before returning to normal. EDL did not show these changes. A higher dose of tetanus toxin, lethal within 24 hr, caused paralysis of EDL as well as soleus.4. In muscle fibres in which neuromuscular transmission was blocked spontaneous miniature end-plate potentials (m.e.p.p.s) were recorded. The frequency of m.e.p.p.s was increased by repetitive nerve stimulation but not by raising the external potassium concentration.5. The amplitude of spontaneous m.e.p.p.s showed a skew distribution because of a disproportionate number of potentials of less than 0.2 mV.6. Raising the external calcium concentration did not restore neuromuscular transmission.7. Histological examination of soleus showed atrophy of muscle fibres with normal preterminal axons. There was sprouting from motor nerve terminals and subsequently new motor end-plates were formed. These changes were not found in EDL.8. The results indicate that, in the mouse, tetanus toxin causes a presynaptic block of neuromuscular transmission and ;functional denervation' of muscle. Slow muscle is more sensitive to the effects of the toxin than fast.


Synaptic frequency response: the influence of sinusoidal changes in stimulation frequency on the amplitude of the end-plate potential. 1. The synaptic response to frequency modulated trains of stimuli was investigated at the neuromuscular junction of the frog. The frequency of stimulation was usually varied sinusoidally about a carrier frequency of ca. 25 impulses per sec (Hz).2. The post-synaptic response to sinusoidally modulated trains of nerve stimuli was found to grow almost linearly when the variations in input frequency were increased up to 60% of the carrier frequency.3. The synaptic frequency response (gain and phase) was reminiscent of that of a low-pass filter, best transmitting slow variations in input frequency.4. The synaptic filter characteristics could not be explained by the post-synaptic cable properties, but were attributed to presynaptic facilitation processes.


Treatment of anaerobic infections with lincomycin and clindamycin.


Genetic manipulation of reovirus--a model for modification of disease.


Release of amino-acids and neurosecretory substances after stimulation of nerve-endings (synaptosomes) isolated from the hypothalamus.


Tumours of the nervous system in mice treated neonatally with N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea.


Biosynthesis of aortic vascular graft tissue in the pig.


Some histochemical, biochemical and morphological observations relating to lipofuscin and mitochondria.


Theophylline inhibits the transcription of the lac operon in Escherichia coli.


Immunofluorescence studies on tissue cultures doubly infected with adeno and herpesviruses.


Calcium-membrane interactions in the myocardium: effects of ouabain, epinephrine and 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate.


Hematologic complications of open heart surgery.


Physician in Gilead.

Physician in Gilead.


Syngeneic skin graft rejection associated with oncogenic viruses.


Cerebral angiography and subtraction in neuro-otologic diagnosis.


Pneumographic and isotopic procedures in neuro-otologic diagnosis.


Bell's palsy.

Bell's palsy.


A review of viral infections of horses.

A review of viral infections of horses.


General ligands in affinity chromatography. Cofactor-substrate elution of enzymes bound to the immobilized nucleotides adenosine 5'-monophosphate and nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide. 1. Two different gels have been prepared suitable for the separation of a number of enzymes, in particular NAD(+)-dependent dehydrogenases, by affinity chromatography. For both the matrix used was Sepharose 4B. For preparation (a), NAD(+)-Sepharose, 6-aminohexanoic acid has been coupled to the gel by the cyanogen bromide method and then NAD(+) was attached by using dicyclohexylcarbodi-imide; for preparation (b), AMP-Sepharose, N(6)-(6-aminohexyl)-AMP has been coupled directly to cyanogen bromide-activated gel. 2. Affinity columns of both gels retain only the two enzymes when a mixture of bovine serum albumin, lactate dehydrogenase and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase is applied. Subsequent elution with the cofactor NAD(+) yields glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase whereas lactate dehydrogenase is eluted by applying the same molarity of the reduced cofactor. 3. The binding of both glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase to the gel tested, AMP-Sepharose, is strong enough to resist elution by gradients of KCl of up to at least 0.5m. A 0.0-0.15m gradient of the competitive inhibitor salicylate, however, elutes both enzymes efficiently and separately. 4. The elution efficiency of lactate dehydrogenase from AMP-Sepharose has been examined by using a series of eluents under comparable conditions of concentration etc. The approximate relative efficiencies are: 0 (lactate); 0 (lactate+semicarbazide); 0 (0.5mm-NAD(+)); 80 (lactate+NAD(+)); 95 (lactate+semicarbazide+NAD(+)); 100 (0.5mm-NADH). 5. All contaminating lactate dehydrogenase activity can be removed from commercially available crude pyruvate kinase in a single-step procedure by using AMP-Sepharose.


Intracellular localization of aldehyde dehydrogenase in rat liver. 1. Distribution of aldehyde dehydrogenase activity in rat liver was studied by measuring the rate of disappearance of acetaldehyde in the presence of each of the subcellular fractions. These were obtained by rough separation of particulate fractions from the soluble portion of the cell, by differential centrifugation, and by isopycnic gradient centrifugation. 2. The maximal rate of acetaldehyde oxidation was 3.7 mumol/min per g, with an apparent K(m) value below 10(-5)m. The highest rate of activity was observed in phosphate buffers of high P(i) concentration (above 60mm). 3. The activity measured was completely dependent on NAD(+). 4. The microsomal fraction and the nuclei were inactive in the assay. Of the total activity 80% was found in the mitochondrial fraction and the remaining 20% in the cytoplasm. 5. The distribution pattern is important from the point of view of acetaldehyde oxidation during ethanol metabolism. The apparent discrepancy of the results obtained by different workers and the localization of acetaldehyde oxidation in vivo is discussed.


Lipid composition of membranes of amine-storage organelles. 1. The lipid composition of the membranes from isolated 5-hydroxytryptamine-storage organelles of blood platelets of rabbits and of those from chromaffin granules of bovine adrenal medulla was compared. 2. In contrast with the membranes of the chromaffin granules, those of the 5-hydroxytryptamine organelles did not contain lysophosphatidylcholine (lysolecithin). 3. Both the cholesterol/phospholipid ratio and the relative proportions of phosphatidylethanolamine (kephalin), phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylserine were about the same in both membranes, whereas phosphatidylcholine (lecithin) and sphingomyelin showed somewhat higher values in the membranes of the 5-hydroxytryptamine organelles. 4. In conclusion, the release of 5-hydroxytryptamine from blood platelets is probably not correlated with the presence of lysophosphatidylcholine in the membranes of the storage organelles and may thus differ from the mechanism of catecholamine release in adrenal medulla.


The expression of catechol oxidase activity during the hydroxylation of p-coumaric acid by spinach-beet phenolase. 1. The conditions under which oxygen consumption in excess of that required for the hydroxylation of p-coumaric acid to caffeic acid, catalysed by spinach-beet phenolase, can be suppressed, have been examined. 2. With dimethyltetrahydropteridine as electron donor, oxygen uptake was exactly equivalent to the caffeic acid produced, provided that p-coumaric acid was in excess, but with excess of reductant, oxygen uptake caused by the further oxidation of caffeic acid was also observed. 3. With equal concentrations of ascorbate and p-coumaric acid, equivalent oxygen uptake and caffeic acid production was found only in the first stages of the reaction, whereas with NADH substituted for ascorbate, oxygen uptake was in excess throughout. 4. When ascorbate was used, the period of the reaction over which this equivalence was found was decreased at high reaction rates and not observed at all with aged enzyme preparations; equivalence was restored by adding bovine serum albumin to these aged preparations. 5. Equivalence between oxygen consumption and caffeic acid production was observed with NADH, if small quantities of dimethyltetrahydropteridine were also added. 6. It is concluded that hydroxylation proceeds without the concomitant production of caffeic acid only if the enzyme is stabilized for hydroxylation by p-coumaric acid and the reductant, and is protected from attack by o-quinones.


Carbohydrate content and glycogenolytic acitivity in human placenta and fetal heart and lung.


N 6 -(  2 -isopentenyl) adenosine: biosynthesis in vitro in transfer RNA by an enzyme purified from Escherichia coli.


First cleavage division of the mouse zygot. An ultrastructural study.


Evolution of the apical body in golden hamster spermatids with some reference to primates.


Isolation of arginine acceptor-proteins from normal rat liver and Novikoff hepatoma supernatant. In the present report a procedure for the isolation of more specific arginine receptors from the soluble fraction of rat liver and Novikoff hepatoma is described. In normal rat liver the specific activity of these receptors from the soluble fraction of rat liver and Novikoff hepatoma is described. In normal rat liver the specific activity of these receptors is fifteen times greater than that of the other proteins whereas in the Novikoff it is only three to four times higher. Attempts to sub-fractionate this class of acceptors would seem to indicate a relative homogeneity.


Immunological control of polyoma virus oncogenesis in mice. Adult CBA mice thymectomized, treated with antilymphocytic globulin (ALG) and inoculated with human leprosy organisms were accidentally infected with polyoma virus and all developed tumours. After cessation of ALG administration, some animals were given spleen cells from syngeneic donors immunized with polyoma virus; none developed tumours. Similar results were obtained in mice deliberately infected with polyoma virus but not with leprosy organisms. Passive transfer of antibody before but not after virus inoculation prevented tumour formation in immunosuppressed recipients. Virus infection in thymectomized, lethally irradiated and bone marrow reconstituted mice resulted in only a very low incidence of tumours. These results emphasize the role of immunological surveillance in preventing polyoma tumour formation under natural conditions.


Effect of alloxan diabetes, insulin & diabetogenic hormones on intestinal transport of tyrosine in rats.


Identification and typing of clostridia in raw milk in Egypt.


New culture conditions for Clostirdium histolyticum leading to production of collagenase of high specific activity.


Atypical sarcoma of the iliotibial band.


The value of plasma testosterone estimation in the diagnosis of virilizing ovarian neoplasia.


A stucy on the effect of aldosterone on the extramitochondrial adenine nucleotide system in rat kidney.


Glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors for aldosterone.


Evaluation of the Sellers-Schmidt-ball rapid antibiotic susceptibility test.


Conversion of cystitis glandularis to adenocarcinoma.


The cytology of urine of pediatric cancer patients.


[Abnormalities of sodium and water metabolism with special reference to hypertensive diseases].


Characterisation of derepressed mutants of an F-like R factor.


A colicin-tolerant mutant of Escherichia coli with reduced levels of cyclic AMP and a strong bias towards lambda lysogeny.


Thirst and the limbic system.

Thirst and the limbic system.


Immunological aspects of Hodgkin's disease.


Melkersson's syndrome.

Melkersson's syndrome.


The cancer cell.

The cancer cell.


Ultrastructure of the nerves and sense receptors of Polystomoides renschi Rohde and P. malayi Rohde (Monogenea: Polystomatidae).


The quantitative dermination of quartz in coal dust by infrared spectroscopy.


Toxicity of a substituted hydrazine for turkeys.


Morphological changes in livers of rats fed polychlorinated biphenyls: light microscopy and ultrastructure.


Studies on the wholesomeness of ready-to-eat meat products. I. Bacteriological evaluation of comminuted heated products. Bacteriological studies were conducted on comminuted heated types of ready-to-eat meat products. Seventy-five per cent of the samples showed total counts in the range of 100-10,000 organisms per gm. Of potential food poisoning organisms, coagulase positive staphylococci were present in 4% and Clostridium perfringens in 1.7% of all samples in low numbers. Of indicator organisms for fecal and sewage contamination, Escherichia coli were found in 3.2% and Streptococcus fecalis in 5.4% of the samples. The heat treatment applied during processing is not sufficient to destroy these organisms.


Stimulation of adrenal ornithine decarboxylase by adrenocorticotropin and growth hormone.


Effect of polyphloretin phosphate on the induction of thyroid hormone secretion by various thyroid stimulators.


A model for the evaluation of estrogens: withdrawal bleeding in ovariectomized rhesus monkeys.


Studies of the levels and synthesis of cytochrome c during adult development of the blowfly Lucilia cuprina.


Phosphofructokinase activity in skeletal muscle extracts following administration of epinephrine.


Fish liver fructose 1,6-diphosphatase. I. Purification of the enzyme from Genypterus chilensis and studies on adenosine 5'-monophosphate inhibition.


Properties of modified cytochromes. I. Equilibrium and kinetics of the pH-dependent transition in carboxymethylated horse heart cytochrome c.


Preparation of the heme protein P-450 from the adrenal cortex and some of its properties.


Cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase of human erythrocyte membranes.


Glycoproteins and blood group activity. I. Oligosaccharides of serologically inactive hog submaxillary glycoproteins.


Calcium-mediated interactions between the antidiuretic hormone and renal plasma membranes.


Inactivation of hormone-sensitive lipase in extracts of adipose tissue.


Catalysis of  -iminoglutarate formation from  -ketoglutarate and ammonia by bovine glutamate dehydrogenase.


ACTH-induced alterations in catecholamine metabolism in man.


Transport of succinate in Escherichia coli. I. Biochemical and genetic studies of transport in whole cells.


A kindred with familial glucocorticoid suppressible aldosteronism.


Protein synthesis in single cell suspensions from rat liver. I. General properties of the system and permeability of the cells for leucine and methionine.


Dissociation of MSH and ACTH release in man.


Steroid determination from complex mixtures by high pressure chromatographic techniques.


Clinical use of radioimmunological plasma insulin assessment.


Apicoectomy as an adjunct to diagnosis.

Apicoectomy as an adjunct to diagnosis.


Adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate in pancreatic islets: glucose-induced insulin release. Glucose-induced release of insulin from perifused rat islets is associated with elevated islet adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate. If values for adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate are compared to insulin release during theophylline or glucose stimulation and theophylline plus glucose stimulation, it suggests a minor role for adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate in directly stimulating insulin release but a prominent role in modulating glucose-induced release of insulin.


Cholera: new aids in treatment and prevention.


Noradrenergic stimulation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate in rat Purkinje neurons: an immunocytochemical study. A specific immunofluorescent histochemical method for cyclic adenosine monophosphate was used to study rat cerebellum. After topical treatment with norepinephrine or stimulation of norepinephrine-containing afferents from locus coeruleus, there was a striking increase in the number of Purkinje cells with strong cyclic adenosine monophosphate reactivity. Other putative inhibitory transmitters had no significant effect on staining of Purkinje cells. The results provide the first histochemical support for the hypothesis that cyclic adenosine monophosphate can be generated postsynaptically in central neurons in response to noradrenergic stimuli.


Nonuniformity of sympathetic nerve activity to the skin and kidney.


Intracellular Cl concentrations and influxes across the brush border of rabbit ileum.


Interrelationship of cyclic AMP, lipolysis, and respiration in brown fat cells.


Ouabain-sensitive component of brown fat thermogenesis.


Intrarenal secretion of renin in the dog: effect of furosemide.


Malignant giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath. Ultrastructural study and review of the literature.


Myoepithelioma of the palate. Histochemical and ultrastructural observations.


Gallbladder bacteriology, histology, and gallstones. Study of unselected cholecystectomy specimens in Honolulu.


Biochemical variability in the skin.

Biochemical variability in the skin.


Acceleration of catecholamine biosynthesis in sympathetically innervated tissues by angiotensin-II-amide.. 1. The effect of angiotensin-II-amide on the biosynthesis of catecholamines (CA) has been studied in a number of isolated tissues in vitro.2. Angiotensin increased the synthesis of CA from (14)C-tyrosine in guinea-pig atria and portal vein, in rat vasa deferentia and the rabbit portal vein.3. Angiotensin had no effect on synthesis of CA from (14)C-labelled DL-DOPA.4. The conditions required to demonstrate an increased synthesis were critical with respect to incubation time and angiotensin concentration. Effects were most readily apparent after incubation for 1 h with concentrations of angiotensin ranging from 10(-9) to 10(-7)M. Higher concentrations caused a significant reduction in synthesis.5. An increased release of newly synthesized CA into the incubation medium was sometimes seen in the presence of angiotensin. However, there was no correlation between increased synthesis and release of CA.6. Angiotensin was rapidly destroyed when incubated with guinea-pig or rat tissues in Krebs solution. The increase in CA synthesis was only apparent at a time when the incubation medium could have contained only a fraction of the original angiotensin activity.7. It is concluded that the effect of angiotensin is not due to increased release of noradrenaline (NA) or to inhibition of NA uptake into nerves. It is possible that angiotensin may influence the activity of tyrosine hydroxylase or its cofactors by an as yet unknown mechanism.


New virus infections.

New virus infections.


A myotoxin secreted by some piscivorous Conus species. 1. Toxins isolated from the venom apparatus of Conus magus and Conus achatinus have the same pharmacological properties, but differ from the toxins of several other piscivorous species of cone shells.2. C. magus and C. achatinus toxins are heat labile at pH 8.5. A single lethal component with an approximate molecular weight of 10,000 was isolated from C. achatinus toxin by exclusion chromatography.3. Animals died from a characteristic spastic paralysis after intravenous injection of the toxin.4. Nerve transmission was unaffected by the toxin; skeletal muscle appeared to be the primary site of action. The toxin caused a persistent contracture of rat diaphragm muscle, and a dose-dependent decline in twitch tension. The contracture was potentiated by caffeine.5. The decline in twitch tension was associated with depolarization of the cell membrane. Action potential height and the maximum rate of rise declined, and spike propagation failed when the resting potential had declined to approximately 60 mV. The muscle recovered very slowly on washout of the toxin. The depolarization could be reversed by exposure of the preparation to 5 mM Na(+) solution or tetrodotoxin or saxitoxin.6. Miniature end-plate potential frequency in the rat diaphragm decreased, as did the quantal content of the end-plate potential. The acetylcholine-induced contraction and depolarization of the chronically denervated rat diaphragm were increased by low doses of toxin and reduced by higher, depolarizing toxin doses. The K(+)-induced contraction and depolarization of innervated diaphragm were similarly affected by the toxin.7. Cardiac and smooth muscle were relatively resistant to the toxin. The isotonic contraction of the isolated perfused guinea-pig heart was increased by the toxins from both Conidae. The heart rate decreased. Guinea-pig atrial cells showed a small decrease in action potential height and maximum rate of rise. Rabbit sino-atrial cells showed increases in action potential height, maximum diastolic potential and maximum rate of rise of the spike at low toxin levels, and no change in any of these parameters at high levels. There was a decrease in the rate of the spontaneously beating atrium. Atrioventricular nodal potentials showed no change other than a slight increase in the maximum rate of rise of the action potential.8. It is postulated that the action of the toxin may be related to a change in the Ca(++) permeability of the excitable membrane, which makes it unstable, leading to a secondary, depolarizing entry of Na(+). The effects of the toxin are compared with those of batrachotoxin, which it somewhat resembles.


Interferon studies with Japanese and U.S. rubella virus strains. Japanese strains of rubella virus have been claimed not to be teratogenic, and tests on three Japanese strains showed that they induced high levels of interferon in human placental cell cultures obtained from conceptuses ranging from 13 to 24 weeks' gestational age, whereas two strains derived from the U.S.A. induced low levels. Both Japanese and U.S. strains induced similar but low levels in fetal lung cell cultures and leucocyte preparations. A representative Japanese strain and a U.S. strain were both interferon-sensitive. If indeed a strain can be shown to be non-teratogenic it could lead to an alternative, safer rubella vaccine.


Whooping cough.

Whooping cough.


Radiotherapy and carcinoma of the parotid.


Relation between steroidogenesis and 3',5'-cyclic AMP production in isolated adrenal cells.


Simultaneous determinations of plasma ACTH and GH levels after an oral metyrapone.


Results of a clinical trial with intermittent doses of adriamycin in lung cancer.


Spontaneous immunity to mammary-tumour virus (MTV)-associated antigens in mice and its influence on syngeneic mammary-tumour growth.


Some investigations concerning the growth characteristics of Entamoeba histolytica in monoxenic association in a new culture medium.


Ultrastructure of primary human liver cell carcinoma using material already blocked in paraffin.


Electronic coupling between neurons in the rat lateral vestibular nucleus.


The effect of malnutrition on human central nervous system myelin.


Intramedullary spinal cord metastases. Clinical and radiographic findings in nine cases.


Differentiation of carcinomatous and bacterial meningitis.


What's your diagnosis? Granular cell myoblastoma.


Nonlinear response of the reticuloendothelial system upon stimulation.


Subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy with vacuolated cells in the bone marrow.


The effect of premature weaning on the response of rat adrenals to stress and ACTH.


Alteration of the relative stability of dA-dT and dG-dC base pairs in DNA. Several small alkylammonium ions can eliminate, or even reverse, the usual dependence of the DNA transition temperature on base composition. For example, in 3 M tetramethylammonium chloride, or 2.4 M tetraethylammonium chloride, DNAs of different base compositions all melt at a common temperature, and with a greatly decreased breadth of transition reflecting only the sequence-independent components of melting cooperativity. At still higher concentrations of such additives, dG.dC-rich DNAs melt at lower temperatures than dA.dT-rich molecules. Circular dichroism spectra show that these additives alter the structure of the DNA double helix very little at room temperature. This differential (base-specific) effect on helix stability is investigated with several small additives related to the tetraalkylammonium ions. Additives larger than tetraethylammonium ion have little differential effect on helix stability. Preferential binding of ions to dA.dT base pairs, requiring fit into a "groove" of DNA, is consistent with these data and with equilibrium binding studies. These differential effects can be distinguished from general destabilizing effects, which are independent of specific features of macromolecular conformation or chemistry. Possible experimental uses of this ability to alter the base-composition-dependent components of the stability of the DNA helix are discussed, as well as the insight this phenomenon provides into the molecular basis for the differential stability of dA.dT and dG.dC base pairs.


Identification of the synthesis of guanosine tetraphosphate (MS I) as insertion of a pyrophosphoryl group into the 3'-position in guanosine 5'-diphosphate. The phosphate transfer system of Haseltine et al., consisting of a ribosomal wash obtained from a stringent strain of Escherichia coli, washed ribosomes, GTP, and ATP, was used to prepare large quantities of guanosine tetra- and pentaphosphates, the magic spot compounds MS I and MS II of Cashel and Gallant. In our hands, the Haseltine et al. system yielded predominantly guanosine tetraphosphate, ppGpp. This system was used exclusively in the described experiments, with ATP labeled with (32)P in the beta- and gamma-positions as donor. The beta-label was found to produce a ppGp⃰p and the gamma-label a ppGpp⃰. Furthermore, [(3)H]GDP + [gamma-(32)P]ATP yielded ppGpp in a (3)H:(32)P ratio of 1:1. The results indicate a transfer of the terminal pyrophosphoryl group of ATP as a unit.

The position of the transferred pyrophosphoryl was assayed for by preparation of pGp⃰ from ppGp⃰p with Zn(++)-activated inorganic pyrophosphatase from yeast. The pGp⃰ was then assayed with 3'-nucleotidase, which liberated practically all the labeled phosphate. This result indicate that the phosphate transfer from ATP to GDP yields guanosine 5'-diphosphate-3'-diphosphate.


Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase: the role of lysosomal enzymes in the modification of catalytic and structural properties. Seasonal variations in the properties of rabbit-liver fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase have now been linked to corresponding changes in the levels of proteolytic activity in the liver extracts. Incubation of native fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase with purified liver lysosomes causes a 3-fold increase in catalytic activity at pH 9.2, with a smaller, and variable, decrease in activity tested at pH 7.5. These changes in catalytic properties are accompanied by the appearance of a smaller subunit, as was previously reported for the enzyme treated with subtilisin. AMP, a negative modulator of fructose bisphosphatase activity, protects against this action of lysosomes. This proteolytic modification of fructose bisphosphatase by lysosomal enzymes may play a role in the modulation of gluconeogenesis.


Appearance in trypsinized normal cells of reactivity with antibody presumably specific for malignant cells. Trypsinization of normal human diploid cells (WI-38 and MRC 5) resulted in the appearance of complement-fixing reactivity with an immunoglobulin (anti-HeLa G globulin), prepared against a purified HeLa (malignant human) cell antigen (G), which reacts with various malignant human cell lines and tumors but not with certain normal human cells. The presence of receptors in the nonreacting, untrypsinized normal human cells and the specificity of the reactive groups that appeared after trypsinization was established by the fact that the antibody could be completely absorbed with large quantities of packed, untrypsinized human cells but not with similar quantities of either rabbit or guinea-pig kidney tissue-culture cells, which did not react with this antibody either before or after treatment with trypsin. The change produced by trypsinization is thus similar to the previously demonstrated appearance of reactive groups with the same anti-HeLa G globulin in normal human cells at certain times after infection with herpes simplex and vaccinia viruses. The fact that the trypsinized WI-38 cells absorbed more antibody than the same number of cells before trypsinization indicated that trypsinization resulted not only in the appearance of reactivity with antibody but also in a greater concentration of combining receptors, which is unlike the situation with lectins producing agglutinability without an increase in the number of receptors. Moreover, the fact that absorption with trypsinized normal cells removed larger amounts not only of the antibody reacting with the trypsin-treated WI-38 cells but also of antibody that reacts with WI-38 cells infected with herpes simplex virus and with the malignant HEp-2 cells, suggests that the combining groups that emerge after trypsinization of the normal human cells are the same or similar to those present in malignant human cells (HEp 2) and to those that emerge after infection of the normal human cells with herpes simplex virus.


In vitro repression of the transcription of gas operon by purified gal repressor. We have studied the in vitro repression of gal mRNA synthesis by the gal repressor from Escherichia coli. By use of a four-step purification procedure involving chromatography on phosphocellulose, DEAE-cellulose, and an affinity resin, the gal repressor has been purified about 1600-fold from a crude cell extract. The purification was aided by use of a cell extract made after prophage induction of cells lysogenic for bacteriophage lambda that carries the gal repressor gene (galR). The highly purified gal repressor is an effective and specific repressor of in vitro synthesis of gal mRNA with lambda gal DNA as template. Both D-fucose and D-galactose overcome the action of gal repressor; the half-maximal concentrations of D-fucose and D-galactose for overcoming the action of repressor are 1 mM and 0.5 mM, respectively. The repressor fails to repress gal-specific transcription when the gal DNA contains a cis-dominant operator constitutive (O(c)) mutation. We conclude that the gal repressor recognizes the gal operator site and acts by preventing gal transcription.


Surface changes in temperature-sensitive Simian virus 40-transformed cells. A binding assay that shows consistent differences in the amounts of tritium-labeled concanavalin A that bind to normal and virally transformed cells was used to study the kinetic changes of cell surface in SV40-transformed 3T3 cells that express the transformed phenotype in a temperature-sensitive manner (tsSV3T3 cells). The increase in concanavalin A binding, which paralleled the appearance of the characteristics of transformed cells, was dependent on the synthesis of cellular DNA. In agreement with the results of binding studies, exponentially growing tsSV3T3 cells agglutinated at much lower lectin titers (concanavalin A as well as wheat-germ agglutinin) at 32 degrees than at 39 degrees .


Secretion and extracellular processing of procollagen by cultured human fibroblasts. Cultures of human diploid fibroblasts were labeled with radioactive proline and glycine, and the precursor of collagen (procollagen) in cells and medium was characterized by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. A covalently assembled molecule with the composition (pro alpha1)(2).pro alpha2 (approximate molecular weight, 360,000) appeared intracellularly soon after synthesis of the constituent chains, and could be detected in the medium after 60 min of labeling. The molecule was stabilized by disulfide bonds between cysteine residues in the amino-terminal procollagen peptide sequences of the three chains. Collagenase digested the molecule to peptides of 30,000 molecular weight or less. Limited digestion with pepsin excised nonhelical procollagen peptides, yielding native, triple-helical tropocollagen. Pulse-chase experiments indicated that a peptidase in the medium sequentially excised the nonhelical peptides from the molecule, generating tropocollagen molecules that aggregated as fibers in the cell layer. The excised, nonhelical procollagen peptides contained little or no proline or glycine. Intramolecular bonds of the lysyl aldehyde type were not detected in the secreted molecule, as reduction of the medium always resulted in quantitative recovery of free pro alpha chains in dodecyl sulfate-urea. Lysyl-derived, covalent bonds appeared to form between tropocollagen molecules aggregating in the cell layer. We suggest the term "pro-tropocollagen" for the assembled, secreted precursor of collagen.


Effect of environmental pH on rescue of Simian virus 40. Rescue of SV40 virus after Sendai virus-mediated fusion of transformed mouse or hamster cell lines with permissive monkey cells was strikingly dependent on pH in the range 6.4-8.8, with a maximum at pH 8.4. The titer of virus recovered at pH 8.4 was 2 logs higher than that at pH 7.6, and 4 logs higher than that at pH 6.4. The pH-sensitive step was neither the number of heterokaryocytes formed, which was essentially the same at pH 7.6 and 8.4, nor the degree of SV40 replication in the monkey cells, which was also unaffected by pH variation in the range 7.2-8.4.


Phosphorylation of ribosomal proteins by substrate-specific protein kinases from rabbit reticulocytes. Three protein kinase activities have been identified in ribosome-free supernatant from rabbit reticulocytes by DEAE-chromatography. Two of the protein kinase activities have similar substrate specificities, but differ in respect to dependency on cAMP for activation. These kinases preferentially phosphorylate histone, and also phosphorylate identical ribosomal proteins. One protein band in the 40S ribosomal subunit and six protein bands in the 60S subunit are phosphorylated, as demonstrated by Na dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiography. The third kinase activity preferentially phosphorylates casein, instead of histone, and can use both [gamma-(32)P]ATP and [gamma-(32)P]GTP as phosphate donors. This protein kinase activity phosphorylates one protein band in the 40S subunit different from that phosphorylated by the other two kinases and four bands in the 60S subunit, only one of which is coincident with the proteins phosphorylated by the histone-specific activities.


Expression of differentiated functions in hepatoma cell hybrids: alanine aminotransferase. The expression of alanine aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.2), an enzyme that is inducible in the liver, has been examined in somatic hybrid cells formed by crossing well-differentiated rat hepatoma cells with rat diploid epithelial cells, the former characterized by high activity and inducibility of the enzyme, and the latter by the absence of detectable activity. The hybrid cells that contain essentially complete chromosomal sets of the two parents show only very low activity and little inducibility. Among numerous "segregated" hybrid subclones, which have lost up to 40% of the chromosomes initially present, several show expression of intermediate levels of enzyme activity and very little inducibility, and two independent subclones are characterized by full re-expression of both baseline and inducible enzyme activity. The electrophoretic mobility of the enzyme from the latter hybrids, from the hepatoma parental cells, and from rat liver is identical. The absence of a correlation between total chromosome number of the hybrid cells and re-expression of alanine aminotransferase suggests that the loss of specific chromosomes is required for re-expression. In these hybrid cells, the re-expression of alanine aminotransferase baseline and inducibility is independent of that of tyrosine aminotransferase inducibility.


Adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate as a regulator of bacterial transformation. Adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate added to exponentially growing cells of Hemophilus influenzae strain Rd increases competence for transformation 100- to 10,000-fold. Cyclic AMP added to near-stationary or stationary cells does not increase competence over the high level normally found in the early stationary phase.


RNA-linked short DNA fragments during polyoma replication. During in vitro incubation, nuclei from polyoma-infected cells elongate the daughter strands of the replicative intermediate of polyoma DNA. This process is now shown to involve the transient formation of short fragments (4-5 S), a process that is stimulated by the addition of ribonucleoside triphosphates. The presence of stretches of RNA at the 5'-end of short DNA chains was determined from Cs(2)SO(4) equilibrium centrifugation and from the finding that isotope from alpha-(32)P-labeled deoxynucleoside triphosphates was recovered in 2'(3')-ribonucleotides after alkaline hydrolysis. Transfer occurred preferentially with [alpha-(32)P]dCTP as substrate. Starvation for deoxynucleotides by in vivo treatment with hydroxyurea resulted in the accumulation of short fragments that are deficient in RNA. Our results suggest that a late step during the discontinuous synthesis of polyoma DNA is selectively inhibited when deoxynucleotides are in short supply.


Evidence for boundary lipid in membranes. Cytochrome oxidase (EC 1.9.3.1) isolated from beef-heart mitochondria with an appropriate phospholipid content forms vesicular structures. Lipid-protein interactions in this model membrane system were studied with the lipid spin label, 16-doxylstearic acid. As the phospholipid/protein ratio is varied, two spectral components are observed. At low phospholipid/protein ratios (</=0.19 mg of phospholipid per mg of protein) the lipid spin label is highly immobilized. At higher phospholipid content an additional component characteristic of fluid lipid bilayers is evident. By summation of digitalized spectra and subsequent integration it was shown that all composite spectra could be approximated by assuming only two components are present, and that the amount of phospholipid bound to the protein is independent of the extent of the fluid bilayer region. The experimentally determined amount of phospholipid for maximum occupancy of protein-bound sites is about 0.2 mg of phospholipid per 1.0 mg of protein. Calculations show that this ratio is consistent with a single layer of phospholipid surrounding the protein complex. The data are interpreted as evidence for a boundary of immobilized lipid between the hydrophobic protein and adjacent fluid bilayer regions in this membrane model system.


Solvent proton magnetic relaxation dispersion in solutions of concanavalin A. Concanavalin A, a protein isolated from jack beans, exhibits several important biological properties, all of which are related to its ability to bind and precipitate specific polysaccharides. Concanavalin A is a dimer at pH 5.6, and has one transition-metal and one calcium-ion binding site per monomer unit of molecular weight 27,000. Both metal-ion sites must be occupied for the protein to be active. It is of interest to determine the role of the transition metal ion in Concanavalin A and its relationship to the sugar binding activity of the protein. We report the magnetic field and temperature dependences of the spin-lattice magnetic relaxation rates of solvent protons in aqueous solutions of zinc and manganese derivatives of Concanavalin A, and the influence of monosaccharide binding on these rates. The results of a leastsquares fit of the data to the theory, with five adjustable parameters, indicate that there is one rapidly exchanging water molecule ligand on the Mn(2+) ion, with a residence lifetime of 2.5 musec at 25 degrees , and with its protons 0.27 nm (2.7 A) from the Mn(2+) ion. We find that at low magnetic fields (proton Larmor frequencies below about 10 MHz), the correlation time for the dipolar interaction between the Mn(2+) electronic spin moment and the protons on the water ligand is the spin-lattice relaxation time tau(S) of the Mn(2+) moment, but that at higher magnetic fields the correlation time for the dipolar interaction is determined by the Brownian rotational tumbling of the protein, because of the substantial variation of tau(S) with magnetic field. Monosaccharide binding to manganese Concanavalin A has little effect on the relaxation rates of solvent protons, a result that indicates that the sugars do not bind directly to the transition metal in the protein.


Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase in a case of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cells from a patient with childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia contain an apparent DNA polymerase activity that was not found in any other cells except thymus cells. The enzyme has the properties of terminal transferase, an enzyme known to be found in thymocytes. The cells also contain the three major DNA polymerases found in growing cells. The results suggest that these tumor cells arose from a block in the differentiation of thymocytes. Terminal transferase may be a marker for the origin of leukemic cells.


Mechanism of interferon uptake in parental and somatic monkey-mouse hybrid cells. Dose-response curves of interferons in different sensitive cells are regularly sigmoidal. In somatic monkey-mouse hybrid cells, however, a significant decrease in the slope of the curve for primate interferon was observed, while the dose-response effect was unaltered for mouse interferon. High concentrations of primate interferon were 10- to 100-times less effective in hybrid clones than in parental monkey CV-1 cells; at low concentrations the antiviral effect was 10- to 20-times higher in hybrid clones than in the parental cells. The receptor(s) for primate interferon located on the cell membrane was destroyed by trypsin but not by EDTA. Similarly, acid pH inactivated these receptor sites. We, thus, postulate that the antiviral effect is, at least partially, related to the amount of interferon taken up by the cells. Uptake could be conditioned by active cooperation of two cell-specific factors: a receptor and an activator. The activator might be missing or inactivated for primate interferon in the hybrid cells. We suggest that the putative antiviral protein is not cell-species specific, and that information for its synthesis in the hybrid cells might be located on a mouse rather than a monkey chromosome.


What's new in surgery. Gynecology and obstetrics.


Debridement of dermal ulcers with collagenase.


The effect of isomers of DDD on the ACTH-induced steroid output, histology and ultrastructure of the dog adrenal cortex.


Studies on the mechanism of cystamine prevention of several liver structural and biochemical alterations caused by carbon tetrachloride.


Influence of gonadotrophins and cyclic AMP on carbohydrate and protein metabolism in the immature rat ovary.


On the action of tolbutamide in normal man. 3. Interaction of tolbutamide with glucagon, aminophylline and arginine in stimulating insulin response.


Synthesis and biological activity of some 2' derivatives of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic phosphate.


Band pattern of the segment-long-spacing form of collagen. Its use in the analysis of primary structure.


Histidine at the active site of superoxide dismutase.


Alkyl isocyanates as active-site-specific reagents for serine proteases. Reaction properties.


Comparison of catalytic units of muscle and liver adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate dependent protein kinases.


Comparative kinetic study of human pyruvate kinases isolated from adult and fetal livers and from hepatoma.


Periodate oxidation and amino-catalyzed elimination of the terminal nucleoside from adenylate or ribonucleic acid. Products of overoxidation.


Glycosyltransferase and sialic acid levels of normal and transformed cells.


Chemical synthesis of  -L-fucopyranosyl phosphate and  -L-rhamnopyranosyl phosphate.


A meal of pig.

A meal of pig.


A- and C-type particles of mouse myeloma cells.


Influence of hormones, poly I:C, polyvinylpyrrolidon and  -stimulators on in vitro infection with murine leukemia virus.


Nearest neighbor frequencies of mitochondrial DNA in spontaneous mouse hepatomas.


Tumours of the peripheral and central nervous system induced in BD-rats by prenatal application of methyl methanesulfonate.


Resistance to methylene dimethane sulphonate (MDMS) in L1210 cells in vitro.


Plasmaphoresis and plasma exchange in the treatment of hyperlipaemia and xanthomatous neuropathy in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Two patients with primary biliary cirrhosis who were increasingly incapacitated by xanthomatous neuropathy are described. Treatment with a low fat diet and cholestyramine was unhelpful but repeated plasmaphoresis by simple venesection in one and plasma exchange using an IBM blood cell separator in the other over a period of several months completely relieved the symptoms of the neuropathy, caused skin xanthomata to recede, and lowered plasma lipid levels in both patients. There was no evidence that this procedure was associated with any deleterious effects on the liver. The size of the cholesterol pool in xanthomata in one patient was estimated to be approximately 35 g, and from the plasma cholesterol response to plasmaphoresis at varying frequency it was suggested that the excess of cholesterol synthesis over degradation was less than 0.3 g/day in one patient and less than 0.4 g/day in the other. On the basis of the response in these patients it is suggested that the turnover rates of lipid pools are relatively slow in biliary cirrhosis and that cholesterol accumulation is more likely to be due to a reduced catabolic rate than to an increased synthetic rate of cholesterol. Plasmaphoresis or plasma exchange are useful methods of treatment for the rare patient afflicted by this resistant and distressing complication of biliary cirrhosis.


Health administration offers many opportunities.


Federal health services grants.

Federal health services grants.


Arrhenoblastoma in a 12-year-old girl.

Arrhenoblastoma in a 12-year-old girl.


Carcinoma of the breast with cartilaginous metaplasia.


Adenine nucleotide mediation of fructolysis and motility in bovine epididymal spermatozoa.


Affinity column purification of protocollagen proline hydroxylase from chick embryos and further characterization of the enzyme.


Basic amino acid transport in Escherichia coli. II. Purification and properties of an arginine-specific binding protein.


Hormonal modulation of amino acid transport in rat hepatoma cells in tissue culture.


Characterization of the interaction of a protein inhibitor with adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate-dependent protein kinases. II. Mechanism of action with the holoenzyme.


Electron spin resonance studies with dioldehydrase. Evidence for radical intermediates in reactions catalyzed by coenzyme B 12.


Separate phosphodiesterases for the hydrolysis of cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate and cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate in rat liver.


Cytochrome c oxidase from bakers' yeast. I. Isolation and properties.


Cytochrome c oxidase from bakers' yeast. II. Site of translation of the protein components.


Isolation of a protein component of sodium-potassium transport adenosine triphosphatase containing ligand-protected sulfhydryl groups.


Erythrocyte protein phosphorylation.

Erythrocyte protein phosphorylation.


Association of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase with the human erythrocyte membrane. Effect of detergents, trypsin, and adenosine triphosphate.


The intermediate in the uridine diphosphate galactose 4-epimerase reaction. Resolution of an apparent ambiguity.


Localization of the polyadenylate sequences in messenger ribonucleic acid and in the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleic acid of HeLa cells.


A comparison of the responses of mitochondrial and cytosol histidine-pyruvate aminotransferases to nutritional and hormonal treatments.


Cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate-stimulated protein kinase and a substrate associated with cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum.


Treatment of fractures of the radius and ulna with compression plates.


Resolution of dansyl leucine and dansyl isoleucine.


Cytochemistry of polymorphonuclear neutrophils in schistosomiasis.


Diagnosis of extrahepatic biliary obstruction in infants by immunochemical detection of LP-X and modified  131 I-Rose Bengal excretion test.


Hemobilia.

Hemobilia.


Properties of strains of Escherichia coli K12 carrying mutant lex-1 and uvrA6 alleles.


Isolated adrenal cortex cells: hypersensitivity to adrenocorticotropic hormone after hypophysectomy. Cells from the adrenals of hypophysectomized rats (up to 28 days after operation) require less adrenocorticotropic hormone to induce one-half maximal rate of production of 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate than do cells from the adrenals of intact rats. A corresponding increase in sensitivity is reflected in the steroidogenic response to adrenocorticotropic hormone up to 2 days after hypophysectomy.


Ultrastructure of the outer epithelium of the mantle in the clam Mercenaria mercenaria in relation to calcification of the shell.


Adrenal zona glomerulosa after hypophysectomy in the Mongolian gerbil.


Dipyrone for treatment of post-operative pain.


Significance of Staphylococcus epidermidis in the clinical laboratory. Susceptibility to 11 antibiotics was determined for 63 cultures of Staphylococcus aureus and 63 cultures of Staphylococcus epidermidis obtained at random from the clinical laboratory. The incidence of resistance to nine of these antibiotics was greater for S. epidermidis than for S. aureus. Studies of the minimal inhibitory concentration of these cultures to clindamycin showed that 61 cultures of S. aureus were susceptible whereas only 46 cultures of S. epidermidis were susceptible to this antibiotic. Although cultures of S. aureus were more active in the production of seven virulence factors, some cultures of S. epidermidis produced virulence factors. By successive cultivation in increasing concentrations of clindamycin, resistant variants were obtained for 10 cultures of S. aureus and 3 cultures of S. epidermidis. The presence of subinhibitory concentrations of clindamycin inhibited the production of some virulence factors by the resistant variants. In view of the greater resistance of S. epidermidis to antibiotics and its ability to produce virulence factors, its isolation in the clinical laboratory should not be regarded lightly.


Value of desiccated swabs for streptococcal epidemiology in the field. Streptococcal surveys in foreign countries or remote areas may be greatly enhanced by the use of calcium alginate swabs desiccated in sterile silica gel. Delays of up to 4 weeks before return to a base laboratory are feasible, and the need for fresh media or laboratory facilities in the field may be eliminated. Comparison of direct plating on crystal violet blood agar versus delayed silica gel preservation during surveys in Uganda, Haiti, Colombia, and Miami, Fla., showed no significant loss of positive cultures from skin lesions and suggests that desiccated swabs increase the recovery of bacitracin-sensitive Streptococcus pyogenes (presumptive group A) from throats.


Three-day assay for human cytomegalovirus applicable to serum neutralization tests. A fluorescing cell assay (FCA) technique utilizing the indirect fluorescent-antibody method to measure human cytomegalovirus (CMV)-infected cells has been applied to the rapid determination of CMV-neutralizing antibody. Human sera with complement fixation titers to CMV of 1/32 or greater and fluorescein-conjugated rabbit anti-human globulin are the primary and secondary reagents in the fluorescent-antibody test. FCA measured in 3 days the same number of infectious units measured by plaque assay in 2 weeks. FCA and plaque assay yielded identical neutralizing antibody titers to CMV in 20 human sera.


Identification of Vibrio cholerae by pyrolysis gas-liquid chromatography. Cholera-like vibrios examined by pyrolysis gas-liquid chromatography could be distinguished from other common aerobic gram-negative bacilli, including oxidase-positive organisms, e.g., Aeromonas. Vibrios in Heiberg group I were subdivided into three types on the basis of differences in one complex in the chromatogram, and these closely corresponded with the identification as classical, El Tor, or "intermediate" biotypes of Vibrio cholerae by conventional methods.


Microbiological testing of Skylab foods. The Skylab manned space flight program presented unique food microbiology problems. This challenge was successfully met by careful evaluation of the total Skylab food system by considering the nature of Skylab foods, their processing and handling, and Skylab food safety requirements. Some of the unique problems encountered with the Skylab foods involved: extended storage times, variations in storage temperatures, no opportunity to resupply or charge foods after launch of the Skylab Workshop, first use of frozen foods in space, first use of a food-warming device in weightlessness, relatively small size of production lots requiring statistically valid sampling plans, and use of the food as an accurately controlled segment of sophisticated life science experiments. Consideration of all of these situations generated the need for definitive microbiological tests and test limits. These tests are described in this paper along with the rationale for their selection. Test results are reported which show successful compliance with the test limits.


Serum neutralization tests with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis-infectious pustular vulvovaginitis (IBR-IPV) virus.


Characteristics of a paramyxovirus isolated from an aborted bovine fetus.


Japanese encephalitis in horses in Japan.


Effects of fasting and diet on enzyme profiles in ovine liver and adipose tissue.


Adrenal response to ACTH in the pig.

Adrenal response to ACTH in the pig.


Effects of "soluble silica" on growth, nutrient balance and reproductive performance of albino rats.


Prenatal development, histochemistry and innervation of porcine muscle.


Innervation of genetically enlarged muscles from double-muscled cattle.


The pharmacology and ionic dependency of amino acid responses in the frog spinal cord. 1. The isolated frog spinal cord was used to study the action of amino acids and their antagonists on primary afferent terminals and motoneurones. The direct effects of these substances were observed by bathing the cord in 20 mM magnesium sulphate (thus blocking synaptic transmission) and recording the polarization level of the dorsal and ventral roots.2. gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamic acid depolarized the dorsal root and reduced dorsal-root potentials, while glycine produced only weak and variable effects. Glutamic acid also depolarized the ventral root; GABA usually produced either a hyperpolarization or had little effect, while glycine caused variable effects.3. Bicuculline and picrotoxin antagonized all the synaptic potentials recorded on the dorsal root, as well as the GABA responses on both dorsal and ventral roots.4. All the synaptic potentials examined remained and were markedly prolonged in the absence of external chloride except the ventral root-dorsal root potential. Replacement of the physiologic complement of chloride during chloride-free perfusion restored the potentials to their original time courses.5. Depolarizing amino acid responses remained in the absence of external chloride, while hyperpolarizing responses were reversed into depolarizations. Return to normal Ringer solution re-established the hyperpolarizations.6. Removal of external sodium reversibly abolished the amino acid depolarizations but had little effect on the depolarizations in response to applications of high external potassium concentrations.7. The results support the hypotheses (a) that GABA mediates presynaptic inhibition by depolarizing primary afferent terminals and (b) that the GABA-mediated depolarization is sodium dependent.8. The results also indicate that GABA utilizes different ionic mechanisms to mediate presynaptic inhibition (sodium) and post-synaptic inhibition (chloride) in the amphibian (and presumably in the mammal).


Neuromuscular transmission in a mammalian preparation in the absence of blocking drugs and the effect of D-tubocurarine. 1. Neuromuscular transmission in the presence and absence of D-tubocurarine was examined in cut muscle preparations of the rat diaphragm using intracellular recording techniques. The method of localizing the end-plates is described and evidence is presented indicating that end-plate potential (e.p.p.) recordings were made close to the end-plate region and that reliable estimates of the quantum content of e.p.p.s could be made.2. During repetitive nerve stimulation at rates between 2 and 10 Hz, e.p.p. amplitudes declined in response to the first 6-8 stimuli to reach a plateau level which was maintained for 1500 stimuli. At higher rates of stimulation some 500-700 stimuli were needed before a plateau level of amplitude was reached. It was demonstrated that these amplitude changes reflected similar changes in the quantal release of ACh.3. Tubocurarine in a concentration of 4 x 10(-8) g/ml. had no effect on quantal release but did reduce quantal size. In the presence of tubocurarine, 8 x 10(-8) g/ml., small reductions in the quantum content of the first e.p.p. in response to a train of stimuli and the maintained quantal release were observed. In the presence of tubocurarine 4 x 10(-7) g/ml., the quantum content of the first e.p.p. and the maintained release were further reduced, to the level previously described for curarized preparations. At this concentration a significant effect of tubocurarine upon the presynaptic measurements could be detected (t test). Studies on single junctions revealed that the post- and presynaptic effects of tubocurarine developed with different time courses.4. Neuromuscular preparations in vivo have been reported to be much more resistant to maintatined stimulation than curarized neuromuscular preparations in vitro. It is suggested that this disparity is explained by the presynaptic action of tubocurarine.5. From the quantal release rates of the present investigation and reports of ACh release/stimulus/end-plate in previous investigations it can be calculated that a quantum of ACh contains between 12,000 and 21,000 molecules.


Transmitter release by mammalian motor nerve terminals in response to focal polarization. 1. A method is described by which mammalian motor nerve terminals may be uniformly polarized by focally applied current, and the extra-cellular potential in the synaptic cleft, corresponding to any current, estimated.2. The relationship between log m.e.p.p. frequency and local extra-cellular field is flat for hyperpolarization and ascends linearly with depolarization. With depolarization, m.e.p.p. frequency is multiplied about tenfold for every - 18 mV. This characteristic becomes steeper the closer the polarizing electrode to the nerve terminal with a limiting value of ten-fold per - 15 mV.3. There exists a population of small m.e.p.p.s which are generated at the same end-plate as normal m.e.p.p.s.4. Following a prolonged depolarizing pulse there is an increase of m.e.p.p. frequency which continues for periods of up to several minutes.5. With hyperpolarizing pulses m.e.p.p. frequency may increase in a characteristic ;bursty' manner. Similar bursts of m.e.p.p.s also occur spontaneously, but far less frequently, without polarization.6. During a depolarizing pulse, m.e.p.p. frequency becomes maximal or near maximal within 2 sec. There is little subsequent alteration of m.e.p.p. frequency. Numbers of m.e.p.p.s occurring during depolarizing pulses follow the Poisson distribution.7. Following a depolarizing pulse, numbers of m.e.p.p.s released by a subsequent pulse may be either increased or diminished.8. Comparison of the response of m.e.p.p. frequency to raised [K] and to extrinsic presynaptic polarization leads to the conclusion that the presynaptic transmembrane potential change corresponding to any focal current pulse is about two thirds of the local extracellular potential field. Hence the slope of the linear portion of the presynaptic transfer function is about tenfold per 10 mV presynaptic depolarization.


Synaptic action on Clarke's column neurones in relation to afferent terminal size. 1. Excitatory post-synaptic potentials (e.p.s.p.s) were recorded intracellularly from Clarke's column neurones (DSCT neurones) of the cat in response to adequate stimuli applied to a variety of sensory receptors.2. The amplitude of e.p.s.p.s so produced varied from less than 0.2 mV to more than 2-3 mV. The amplitude distribution of e.p.s.p.s suggested that the mean number of ;quanta' of transmitter released by one impulse varied widely from one fibre to another arising from a given type of sensory receptor.3. The average amplitude of e.p.s.p.s evoked by single afferent impulses was significantly smaller for cutaneous inputs than for muscle or joint inputs. However, synaptic action on DSCT neurones produced by different sensory inputs was equally greater, on the average, than that on spinal motoneurones.4. Both small and large e.p.s.p.s in DSCT neurones failed to increase in amplitude during post-synaptic hyperpolarization applied through the cell body. This failure could not be attributed to possible anomalous rectification in the post-synaptic membrane.5. Small and large e.p.s.p.s were comparable in half-decay time, but there was a positive correlation between amplitude and time-to-peak of e.p.s.p.s. It is suggested that the locations of synapses responsible for small and large e.p.s.p.s are intermingled on the dendrites and that large e.p.s.p.s are associated with a longer duration of transmitter action than small e.p.s.p.s.6. Degenerating terminals of primary afferent fibres on DSCT neurones and motoneurones were examined with the electron microscope after chronic section of the dorsal roots.7. Dendritic degenerating terminals showed no significant difference in size between motoneurones and DSCT neurones. Degenerating ;giant' terminals were found on DSCT neurones, but they were located only on or very close to the cell body.8. It is concluded that the major factor responsible for a large number of ;quanta' of transmitter released at synapses on DSCT neurones is the number of multiple synaptic contacts formed by one afferent fibre rather than the size of individual synapses.