Activity and hormone responsiveness of adenyl cyclase during induction of tumors in rat liver with 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene.


Letter: Classification of mouse tumor viruses.


A fast method of analysis of the 5' terminal nucleotides of deoxyribooligonucleotides.


Isolation and characterisation of a mitochondrially synthesized precursor protein of cytochrome oxidase.


Biological and immunological activity of fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase. Effect of structural changes on the quantitative displacement radioimmunoassay of fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase.


On the nature of argR mutations is Saccharomyces cerevisiae.


Isotope effects and hydrogen transfer during simultaneous metabolism of ethanol and cyclohexanone in rats.


Purification and properties of N-acetylglucosamine kinase from human gastric mucosa.


Micturition symptoms in frontal tumours. In a series of 50 consecutive tumours involving the frontal lobes, seven cases (14%) were found who exhibited the syndrome, first described by Andrew and Nathan in 1964, of frequency of micturition, urgency, and incontinence causing distress to the patient. This suggests that this syndrome may occur rather more commonly than those authors had indicated. In 100 consecutive intracranial tumours, no instances were found with non-frontal tumours, indicating that the syndrome may be of localizing value.


Benefit from adrenocorticotrophin in myasthenia gravis. Twenty-one of 29 patients suffering from myasthenia gravis derived benefit from a short intensive course of adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH). The mean duration of benefit was approximately six months. The best results were obtained in patients with a short history of myasthenia. Transient deterioration during the course of injections was encountered in some cases but necessitated assisted respiration only in patients with severe generalized weakness before treatment.


Collagen films: effect of cross-linking on physical and biological properties.


Epinephrine blockade of ribonuclease activity stimulation in lymphoid organs by cortisone and prostaglandin EI.


Reaction of cytidine with ethylating agents.


Reaction of adenosine with ethylating agents.


Proton magnetic resonance studies of Desulfovibrio cytochromes c3.


Characterization of the interaction between 17 beta-estradiol and its cytoplasmic receptor in the rat anterior pituitary gland.


Regulation of adenylyl cyclase from isolated pancretic islets by prostaglandins and guanosine 5'-triphosphate.


The inhibition of avian myeloblastosis virus deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase by synthetic polynucleotides.


Ribonucleic acid synthesis of vesicular stomatitis virus. VI. Correlation of defective particle RNA synthesis with standard RNA replication.


Diminishing corticotrope capacity to release ACTH during sustained stimulation: the twenty-four hours after bilateral adrenalectomy in the rat.


Stimulation of uridine incorporation in isolated bone cells by parathyroid hormone and cyclic AMP.


Enhanced phosphatidylinositol labelling in rat parotid fragments exposed to alpha-adrenergic stimulation. 1. Adrenergic agonists provoke a marked increase in labelling of phosphatidylinositol in fragments of rat parotid gland. 2. Adrenaline and phenylephrine (an adrenergic alpha-agonist) are effective stimulants, but isoprenaline (an adrenergic beta-agonist) is relatively ineffective. 3. The response evoked by phenylephrine or adrenaline is prevented by prior incubation of the tissue with phenoxybenzamine (an alpha-receptor blocking agent), but not by prior incubation with pindolol (a beta-receptor blocking agent). 4. Adrenergic stimulation of phosphatidylinositol metabolism in parotid gland is therefore mediated through alpha-receptors, in common with the adrenaline-induced K(+) efflux. It is not linked to enzyme secretion, which is triggered by stimulation of beta-receptors. 5. It is suggested that the stimulation of phospholipid metabolism that occurs in several other tissues in the presence of adrenaline or noradrenaline may also involve alpha-receptors.


Metabolism of two adrenocorticotrophin analogues in the intestine of the rat. 1. At 30min after oral administration unchanged Synacthen [corticotrophin-(1-24)-tetracosapeptide] was found in the stomach but could not be detected in the lumen of the small intestine of the rat. 2. Synacthen and 41795-Ba {[d-Ser(1), Lys(17), Lys(18)]corticotrophin-(1-18)-octadecapeptide amide} were rapidly metabolized in vitro by both intestinal juice and everted pieces of small intestine. Peptide products were not found either in the intestinal tissue or in the fluid bathing the serosal tissue. 3. Glucose but not O(2) was necessary for the breakdown of the two adrenocorticotrophin analogues by everted tissue. 4. When the products obtained after partial digestion were chromatographically separated and identified, a pattern of breakdown emerged. The N-terminus of Synacthen and the Phe(7)-Arg(8) bond in both analogues were particularly labile. The d-serine N-terminal residue of 41795-Ba conferred a marked protection to aminopeptidase action. 5. The relative susceptibilities of peptide bonds would have been difficult to predict on the basis of existing knowledge of the properties of enzymes of the small intestine.


Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly clinicopathological exercises. Case 27-1974. Recurrent abdominal pain and fever post cholecystectomy.


Molecular aspects for the metabolic regulation of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent D(-)-lactate dehydrogenase from Leuconostoc.


Proceedings: Investigation of steroid-receptor interaction in pregnant sheep myometrium.


Proceedings: Characterization of adrenocortical cell receptors for adrenocorticotrophin.


Effects of silica and asbestos on cells in culture.


Proceedings: Functional affinities of the non-zoned adrenocortical tissue of the skink Tiliqua rugosa with the zone glomerulosa of the rat adrenal.


Proceedings: Adrenal function, oestrogen and the control of parturition in the guinea-pig.


Proceedings: Thyroid function in the foetal calf.


Proceedings: A correlated biochemical and morphological study of the development of adrenocorticotrophin-sensitive adenylate cyclase activity in foetal rabbit adrenals.


Proceedings: Stimulation of melanocyte-stimulating hormone release in vitro by cyclic AMP.


Proceedings: Functional and morphological changes occuring in rat adrenal zona glomerulosa cells in monolayer culture.


The effect of antibiotics on the growth and longevity of human diploid fibroblasts in vitro.


Inhibition of growth and respiration by visible and near-visible light.


An electron microscopic study of a single-cycle infection of Madin-Darby bovine kidney cells by infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus.


The radiology corner. Insulin-producing tumors of the pancreas.


Isolation and properties of cytochrome a deficient mutants of Bacillus subtilis.


Effect of prolonged chlorpromazine administration on the sleep of chronic schizophrenics.


The formation of methylated bases in DNA by dimethylnitrosamine and its relation to differences in the formation of tumours in the livers of GR and C3HF mice.


Chemistry of animal venoms.

Chemistry of animal venoms.


EPR studies on the mechanism of biotransformation of tricyclic neuroleptics and antidepressants.


Inhibition by phenothiazines of adenylate cyclase in adrenal and brain tissue.


Hydroxylation of 7-hydroxychlorpromazine by mushroom tyrosinase.


Replication of temperature sensitive mutant of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus in the tissues of inoculated calves.


Bovine abortion associated with Cytomegalovirus infection.


Applied anatomical aspects of pain.

Applied anatomical aspects of pain.


Effects of phenothiazines and phenothiazine metabolites on adenyl cyclase and the cyclic AMP response in the rat brain.


Influence of heart rate on the reduction of sympathetic outflow produced by L-dopa.


Pituitary 45 Ca ion uptake and release of ACTH, GH, and TSH: effect of verapamil.


Beta-adrenergic effects on rat myometrium: role of cyclic AMP.


Effect of PGE1, indomethacin, and polyphloretin phosphate on toad bladder response to ADH.


Acute intermittent porphyria, hypercholesterolaemia, and renal impairment.


Sensitization to ragweed pollen in Bordetella pertussis-infected or vaccine-injected mice.


Effects of glucocorticosteroids on the urinary excretion of cyclic AMP and electrolytes by asthmatic children.


An electron microscopic study of the giant cells in proliferative myositis.


Primary liver carcinoma.

Primary liver carcinoma.


The bioavailability of iron sources and their utilization in food enrichment.


Letter: Burkitt's lymphoma.

Letter: Burkitt's lymphoma.


Familial hypobetalipoproteinemia: report of a case with psychomotor retardation.


Viral probes of aging in the human diploid cell strain WI-38.


Effects of cholecalciferol on bone formation and serum calcium, phosphate and magnesium in chicks.


Effect of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition on renal autoregulation.


Proceedings: 231. Role of Ca++ and Mg++ in neuromuscular transmission and excitation of the radula protractor.


125I-glucagon binding and adenylate cyclase activation in the fetal rat heart.


An improved immunoperoxidase technique for identifying SV40 V and T antigens by light microscopy.


Proceedings: 350. Aerobic dependence of synaptic transmission at the outer plexiform layer in the fish retina.


Effect of hypophysectomy and pretreatment on uptake and retention of estradiol by the ovary.


Effect of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs on plasma protein-thyroxine interaction.


Depression of frog isolated spinal cord by morphine and antagonism by tetracosactin.


Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of spermatic cord.


Enhancement of interferon antiviral action in L-cells by cyclic nucleotides.


Effect of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate on the morphogenesis of fruit bodies of Schizophyllum commune.


Cyclophosphamide in disseminated bronchial carcinoma.


Relationships between antimicrobial activities and chemical structures of reduced products of viomycin.


Proceedings: 261. On the projection from the parietal association cortex to the cerebellum.


Self-annealing of Sendai virus RNA.

Self-annealing of Sendai virus RNA. Both complementary strands are found in 50S Sendai virion RNA. 50S Sendai virion RNA has been shown to consist of unequal amounts of a single population of plus and minus strands by annealing studies.


Regulation of herpesvirus macromolecular synthesis. I. Cascade regulation of the synthesis of three groups of viral proteins. Based on evidence that 50% of herpes simplex 1 DNA is transcribed in HEp-2 cells in the absence of protein synthesis we examined the order and rates of synthesis of viral polypeptides in infected cells after reversal of cycloheximide- or puromycin-mediated inhibition of protein synthesis. These experiments showed that viral polypeptides formed three sequentially synthesized, coordinately regulated groups designated alpha, beta, and gamma. Specifically: (i) The alpha group, containing one minor structural and several nonstructural polypeptides, was synthesized at highest rates from 3 to 4 h postinfection in untreated cells and at diminishing rates thereafter. The beta group, also containing minor structural and nonstructural polypeptides, was synthesized at highest rates from 5 to 7 h and at decreasing rates thereafter. The gamma group containing major structural polypeptides was synthesized at increasing rates until at least 12 h postinfection. (ii) The synthesis of alpha polypeptides did not require prior infected cell protein synthesis. In contrast, the synthesis of beta polypeptides required both prior alpha polypeptide synthesis as well as new RNA synthesis, since the addition of actinomycin D immediately after removal of cycloheximide precluded beta polypeptide synthesis. The function supplied by the alpha polypeptides was stable since interruption of protein synthesis after alpha polypeptide synthesis began and before beta polypeptides were made did not prevent the immediate synthesis of beta polypeptides once the drug was withdrawn. The requirement of gamma polypeptide synthesis for prior synthesis of beta polypeptides seemed to be similar to that of beta polypeptides for prior synthesis of the alpha group. (iii) The rates of synthesis of alpha polypeptides were highest immediately after removal of cycloheximide and declined thereafter concomitant with the initiation of beta polypeptide synthesis; this decline in alpha polypeptide synthesis was less rapid in the presence of actinomycin D which prevented the appearance of beta and gamma polypeptides. The decrease in rates of synthesis of beta polypeptides normally occurring after 7 h postinfection was also less rapid in the presence of actinomycin D than in its absence, whereas ongoing synthesis of gamma polypeptides at this time was rapidly reduced by actinomycin D. (iv) Inhibitors of DNA synthesis (cytosine arabinoside or hydroxyurea) did not prevent the synthesis of alpha, beta, or gamma polypeptides, but did reduce the amounts of gamma polypeptides made.


Detection of baboon type C viral sequences in various primate tissues by molecular hybridization. Nucleic acid sequences homologous to a single-stranded [(3)H]DNA transcript prepared from a baboon type C virus replicating in dog thymus cells can be readily detected in the cellular DNA of several Old World monkeys (baboon, patas, African green, and two species of macaques-rhesus and stumptail). These results demonstrate that primates other than the baboon also contain endogenous type C viral genes. With the hybridization conditions employed (S(1) nuclease, 65 C), no homologous sequences were detected in DNA from human or New World monkey tissues. Of various nonprimate tissues examined, only domestic cat cellular DNA was partially homologous to the baboon virus [(3)H]DNA transcript. In reciprocal experiments, [(3)H]DNA transcripts of RNAs from endogenous cat viruses (RD-114/CCC group) show a significant partial homology with cellular DNA from Old World primates (baboon, patas, and rhesus monkey). The partial homology between type-C-related information in the DNA of domestic cats and various Old World monkeys suggests the possibility of horizontal transmission between the progenitors of these animals at some point in evolution. No nucleic acid sequences homologous to [(3)H]DNA transcripts prepared from type C viruses isolated from tumor tissue of a woolly monkey and a gibbon ape could be detected in any primate tissue DNA examined; however, a partial nucleic acid homology was found between woolly monkey and gibbon ape type C viral [(3)H]DNA and normal mouse cellular DNA.


Specific fragmentation of DNA of adenovirus serotypes 3, 5, 7, and 12, and adeno-simian virus 40 hybrid virus Ad2+ND1 by restriction endonuclease R.EcoRI. The products of complete digestion of duplex DNA of each of seven human adenoviruses with restriction endonuclease R. EcoRI ranged from two fragments for adenovirus 7 DNA (Ad7) to six fragments for Ad12 and Ad2 DNA. Viral serotypes from the same subgroups appeared to have related cleavage sites; Ad3 DNA and Ad7 (cl E46-LL) DNA were each cleaved into three fragments, and Ad7 (cl 19) DNA lacked one of the cleavage sites present in Ad3 and Ad7 (cl E46-LL) DNA. One of the cleavage sites in Ad2 DNA was deleted in the DNA' of adeno-SV40 hybrid virus Ad2(+)ND1, and three of the cleavage sites in Ad2 DNA were missing in Ad5 DNA. Thus, Ad2(+)ND1 DNA was cleaved into five and Ad5 DNA into three fragments. Each fragment represented a unique segment of viral DNA since each fragment was obtained in equimolar amounts and since the sum of the molecular weights of the fragments equaled the molecular weight of the homologous intact adenovirus DNA.


Isolation and partial characterization of bacteriophage T5 mutants deficient in the ability to induce deoxynucleoside monophosphate kinase. Two mutants of bacteriophage T5 deficient in the ability to induce wild-type levels of deoxynucleoside monophosphate kinase were isolated and partially characterized. Both mutations were demonstrated to be in a structural gene for the kinase. One of the mutants, designated dnk 10, induces no detectable levels of dCMP, dGMP, or dTMP kinase activity. Because the mutant can successfully infect nonpermissive cells, phage-induced deoxynucleoside monophosphate kinase appears to be an unessential function for phage production. DNA synthesis in dnk 10-infected cells, however, is reduced to 30% of that observed in wild-type-infected cells; phage production is reduced by a comparable amount. The dnk mutation has been mapped and located on the "C" region of the T5 genetic map, 6.3 map units from the C1 locus.


Mechanism of Sindbis virus-induced intrinsic interference with vesicular stomatitis virus replication. Heterologous viral interference is induced by Sindbis virus against vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) in a manner analogous to intrinsic interference with Newcastle disease virus replication. Interference in both systems (i) depends upon early expression of the inducing virus genome, (ii) shows similar kinetics of induction, (iii) does not involve interferon action, and (iv) appears to be manifest as an all-or-none effect. VSV can be added to the list of viruses blocked by intrinsic interference. Sindbis virus-induced intrinsic interference with VSV replication is not mediated through homotypic interference by defective interfering particles; rather, T-particle and B-particle synthesis is inhibited. Significantly, intrinsic interference has no effect on primary transcription directed by the virion-associated transcriptase in VSV-challenged cells. However, Sindbis virus appears to induce interference with the VSV-RNA synthesized subsequent to primary transcription, namely, that which is dependent on protein synthesis. Thus, the target of intrinsic interference appears to be a reaction subsequent to primary transcription but prior to the appearance of protein synthesis-dependent VSV RNA, secondary transcription.


Reconstitution of infectivity and transcriptase activity of homologous and heterologous viruses: vesicular stomatitis (Indiana serotype), Chandipura, vesicular stomatitis (New Jersey serotype), and Cocal viruses. RNA TRANSCRIPTASE ACTIVITIES HAVE BEEN RECONSTITUTED FROM FRACTIONATED COMPONENTS OF FOUR RHABDOVIRUSES: vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) (Indiana serotype), Cocal, VSV (New Jersey), and Chandipura viruses. Heterologous reconstitution of transcription has been observed between template and enzyme fractions of VSV Indiana and Cocal viruses but not to any significant extent between components of the other two viruses with VSV Indiana template or enzyme. Homologous reconstitution of infectivity has been obtained for each virus from their respective parts as well as heterologous reconstitution between Cocal and VSV Indiana components.


Phosphate acceptor amino acid residues in structural proteins of rhabdoviruses. Partial acid hydrolysates of the [(32)P]phosphate- or [(3)H]serine-labeled proteins of purified vesicular stomatitis, rabies, Lagos bat, Mokola, or spring viremia of carp virions and of purified intracellular nucleocapsids of these viruses have been analyzed by paper electrophoresis for the presence of phosphorylated amino acids. Both phosphoserine and phosphothreonine, with the former predominant, were present in virion and nucleocapsid preparations that contained phosphoproteins. An exception was the fish rhabdovirus, which contained only phosphoserine. When vesicular stomatitis or rabies virus proteins were phosphorylated in a cell-free system by the virion-associated protein kinase and analyzed for the presence of phosphorylated amino acid residues, phosphoserine was again found to be more abundant than phosphothreonine. After in vitro protein phosphorylation, another phospho-compound, possibly a third phosphoamino acid, was detected in the partial acid hydrolysates of these viruses.


Structure and molecular length of the large subunits of RD-114 viral RNA. By electron microscopy, the large subunits of RD-114 RNA have a molecular weight of 5.0 x 10(6); they all have a characteristic secondary structure feature close to the middle.


Host cell regulation of induction of Epstein-Barr virus. When Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) negative cells (Raji) were treated with iododeoxyuridine, only the early antigen (EA) component was induced. There was no significant increase in EBV DNA and no virus particles were observed. Somatic-cell hybrids were prepared from the fusion of Raji and D98 cells (D98/Raji). When these cells were treated with iododeoxyuridine, early antigen EBV DNA, and virus particles were synthesized. These data suggest cellular control over the expression of the EBV genome.


Simple, quantitative assay for both xenotropic murine leukemia and ecotropic feline leukemia viruses. A cat cell line carrying the genome of a murine sarcoma virus developed discrete foci in linear response to infection with feline leukemia virus or xenotropic murine C-type virus.


Isospora callimico n sp, (Coccidia: Eimeriidae) from Goeldi's marmoset (Callimico goeldii).


The effects of noise level and elevated ambient temperatures upon selected reproductive traits in female Swiss-Webster mice.


Effect of open and closed formula rations on the performance of three strains of laboratory mice.


A semisynthetic diet for long-term maintenance of hamsters to study effects of dietary vitamin A.


The erythrocyte life span in the American opossum (Didelphis marsupialis Virginiana).


Use of ventriculo-cisternal perfusion in conscious sheep.


The parasitic ecology of the rodent mite Myobia musculi. I. Grooming factors.


A feeder for controlling food consumption in treatment-control pairs of mice.


Cranial hyperostosis of squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus).


Malignant melanoma in a black gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus).


Letter: Time of fertility as reflected by urinary protein levels.


Letter: Duodenal ulcer formation in the rat.


Blood chemistry of the rat kangaroo, Potorous tridactylus.


The biogenesis of mitochondria during proliferation and muturation of the intestinal epithelium of the rat. Effects of oxytetracycline.


A new and fast method of preparation of CEA.


In vitro study on the effects of bradykinin potentiating factor and angiotensin II analogue on degradation and conversion of angiotensin I and II in plasma.


Selected topics in immunology: infectious mononucleosis and Australia antigen.


Are there differences in contact inhibition of movement between normal and malignant cells.


Injection of foreign substances into single cells by cell fusion.


Neurotrophic control of colchicine effects on muscle?


Evidence that mitogenic lectins induce changes in lymphocyte membrane fluidity.


Syndrome of accelerated skeletal maturation in infancy, peculiar facies, and multiple congenital anomalies.


The neuropharmacology of aggression: a critical review.


Temperature-dependent expression of transformation by cold-sensitive mutant of murine sarcoma virus. Morphological transformation of normal rat kidney cells by a murine sarcoma virus was found to be cold-sensitive. Cells transformed by the virus expressed their transformed phenotype at the permissive temperature (39 degrees ) but not at the nonpermissive temperature (33 degrees ), as judged by the criteria of morphological changes and colony-forming ability on monolayers of normal rat kidney cells. Cold-sensitive expression of transformation was specific for focus-derived normal rat kidney cells transformed by the virus, readily reversible, and not lost during serial propagation of the cells. The genome of the murine sarcoma virus can be rescued by superinfection with Moloney leukemia virus at the permissive or nonpermissive temperature, and the rescued virus exhibited the same cold-sensitive properties as the original transforming virus. These results suggest that maintenance of the transformed state is continuously dependent on a cold-sensitive viral function.


Identification of the chloramphenicol-binding protein in Escherichia coli ribosomes by partial reconstitution. 50S-derived cores were prepared by treatment of 50S subunits with 0.4 M Licl (0.4c core) and 0.8 M Licl (0.8c core), respectively. 0.4c cores bind chloramphenicol whereas 0.8c cores do not. The split proteins obtained during the transitions 0.4c --> 0.8c were separated by DEAE-cellulose chromatography and Sephadex G-100 gel filtration. Reconstitution experiments with the fractionated proteins demonstrated that protein L16 is involved in chloramphenicol binding. In contrast to chloramphenicol, the CACCA-(N-acetyl-leucyl) fragment is bound by the 0.8c core, i.e., this core contains the intact p-site moiety of the peptidyltransferase center. Puromycin can inhibit chloramphenicol binding completely. In the concentration range tested (up to 20 mM) the trinucleotide CCA inhibits chloramphenicol binding as effectively as puromycin, whereas an aminoacid mixture shows no inhibition. It is concluded that chloramphenicol acts exclusively on the a-site part of the peptidyltransferase center interfering with the binding of the last two or three nucleotides (3' end) of aminoacyl-tRNA.


The synthesis and enzymatic polymerization of nucleotides containing mercury: potential tools for nucleic acid sequencing and structural analysis. A simple acetoxymercuration reaction for introducing covalently bound mercury atoms into nucleotides is described. The 5-mercuriacetate derivatives of UTP, CTP, dUTP, and dCTP, as well as the 7-mercuriacetate derivative of 7-deazaATP, have been prepared by this procedure and tested as substrates for nucleic acid polymerases. These nucleotides, in the absence of added mercaptan, are not polymerized and in most instances are potent enzyme inhibitors. However, conversion of these mercuriacetates to mercurithio compounds in situ by the addition of one of various mercaptans, yields nucleoside triphosphates that are excellent substrates for all polymerases tested: Escherichia coli and T7 RNA polymerases, DNA polymerase I of E. coli, DNA polymerase of avian myeloblastosis virus, and calf-thymus terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase. By varying the mercaptan used to promote syntheses it is possible to access certain structural limitations in the enzyme's nucleoside triphosphate binding site. These mercurinucleotides appear to have a diversity of potential applications: (1) as heavy-atom reagents for crystallographic and microscopic studies; (2) as affinity probes for enzymes sensitive to sulfhydryl modification; (3) as steric probes of substrate-binding sites on enzymes; and (4) as reagents for forming covalent protein-polynucleotide complexes.


Biological activity of 1alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol, a synthetic analog of the hormonal form of vitamin D3. 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol, the apparent active hormonal form of cholecalciferol (vitamin D(2)), is formed from cholecalciferol by specific and sequential hydroxylations of the sterol at carbons 25 and 1. Recently, 1alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol was synthesized and we report on its biological activity in rachitic chicks. 1alpha-Hydroxycholecalciferol is identical in potency to 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol in stimulation of intestinal calcium absorption; either sterol elicits a near maximal effect at a dose of 0.3-0.6 nmol. The time-course of action of 1alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol also parallels that of the active metabolite 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol with a maximal increase in calcium transport occurring 5-10 hr after administration of sterol to vitamin D-deficient chicks. 6.5 nmol of 1alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol causes a doubling in calcium absorption in only 2-3 hr, which is the most rapid physiologic response yet detected for a vitamin D-sterol. 1alpha-Hydroxycholecalciferol is active also in enhancing bone calcium resorption and, like 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, is at least 10 times as active as cholecalciferol in mobilizing bone calcium and raising plasma calcium concentration. It is concluded that 1alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol represents a synthetic analog of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol that can be used both to study the mechanism of action of this hormone and as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of patients with certain metabolic bone diseases.


Induction of the stellate configuration in cultured iris epithelial cells by adenosine and compounds related to adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate. Adenosine, dibutyryl cyclic AMP, monobutyryl cyclic AMP, cyclic AMP, and 5'-AMP have a remarkable morphogenetic effect on cultured iris epithelial cells obtained from adult newt. They alter the broad undulating membrane of the cell into branching strands of cytoplasm, a configuration that has been named "stellate." Theophylline, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor also induces the stellate configuration. This transient morphological alteration is detectable by 30 min and becomes maximal 80 min after treatment. In the continued presence of the effective compounds the altered cells return to their normal shape, although the recovery period is variable. The morphological alteration of iris epithelial cells in vitro observed in the present experiment is reminiscent of that which occurs during the dedifferentiation phase in lens regeneration in vivo. These observations suggest that induction of the stellate configuration is relevant to the mechanism of dedifferentiation of newt iris epithelial cells during Wolffian lens regeneration.


Lateral phase separations in membrane lipids and the mechanism of sugar transport in Escherichia coli. Changes in slope of Arrhenius plots for transport can, in some instances, be detected at two different temperatures for cells that have a relatively simple fatty-acid composition in the membrane lipids. These characteristic temperatures correlate with the characteristic temperatures that define changes of state in membrane phospholipids as revealed by the paramagnetic resonance of the spin label TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl). The higher of these characteristic temperatures is that at which the formation of solid patches of membrane lipids is first detected. The lower is the end point of the course of lateral phase separations, at which all the membrane lipids are in a solid phase. For cells enriched for elaidic acid, the rate of transport increase by as much as 2-fold as the temperature is decreased by less than 1 degrees , at the higher characteristic temperature. At this characteristic temperature, lateral phase separations begin in the membrane phospholipids. This is also the temperature where one predicts a striking increase in the lateral compressibility of the membrane lipids. These data are thus interpreted to indicate that a component of the transport system vertically penetrates one or both monolayer faces of the membrane during transport, or that some other event involving the lateral compression of the phospholipids is important for transport.


Enumeration of activated thymus-derived lymphocytes by the virus plaque assay. Lymphocytes activated by antigens or mitogens acquire the capacity to replicate viruses, and the number of activated lymphocytes can be estimated by the virus plaque assay. Concanavalin A and pokeweed mitogen produced 33-fold and 17-fold increases in virus plaqueforming cells (V-PFC), respectively, above background, while lipopolysaccharide produced only a 2- to 3-fold increase. T (thymus-derived lymphocyte)-depleted lymphocyte populations, derived from anti-theta-treated or nude (arthymic) mouse spleens, failed to produce V-PFC after culture with concanavalin A or pokeweed mitogen. The present studies thus demonstrate that the virus plaque assay measures activated T-lymphocytes.A dissociation between the V-PFC response and cell proliferation was previously observed in antigen-stimulated cells cultured in the presence of mitotic inhibitors. In the present studies, while stimulation of CBA (H2(k)) lymphocytes by DBA/2 (H2(d)) cells produced high levels of thymidine incorporation, lymphocyte target-cell cytotoxicity, and V-PFC, stimulation of BALB/c (H2(d)) lymphocytes against DBA/2 (H2(d)) cells resulted in even higher levels of thymidine incorporation with a virtual absence of cytotoxic lymphocytes or V-PFC. These results indicate that proliferation is not a sufficient condition for permitting lymphocytes either to exert cytotoxicity on target cells or to replicate viruses, and suggest that there may be a correlation between the development of V-PFC and cytotoxic lymphocytes. They are consistent with the view that there are at least two functional subpopulations of T-lymphocytes.


In vitro transcription of simian virus 40 sequences in SV3T3 chromatin. The template properties of chromatin were studied in a system in which transcription of unique genes could be examined. Chromation and DNA were isolated from SV3T3 cells, a line of simian virus 40 (SV40)-transformed mouse cells, and used as templates for Escherichia coli RNA polymerase. The SV40 sequences in the RNA transcribed in vitro and in RNA isolated from the transformed cells were analyzed by hybridization to radioactive RNA transcribed from SV40 DNA. The results indicate that the same sequences of the SV40 "-" strand (DNA strand which serves as a template for early RNA) are transcribed in vitro from chromatin as are found in transformed cells. In contrast, when the DNA isolated from SV3T3 chromatin by removal of proteins is used as a template, the entire SV40 "-" strand is transcribed. It is concluded that the specific template restriction observed with chromatin is due to the presence of proteins associated with the DNA.


Adhesion of cultured fibroblasts to insoluble analogues of cell-surface carbohydrates. Animal cells are coated with complex carbohydrates. Insoluble analogues of these substances were prepared by coupling monosaccharides to Sephadex beads (crosslinked dextran), and the interactions between these derivatives and three established cell lines were studied. A virally transformed fibroblast, simian virus 40-transformed 3T3 cells, adhered to the beads derivatized with D-galactose, but did not adhere to the corresponding beads derivatized with D-glucose or N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. Cells that adhered to the galactose-beads appeared to initiate a nucleation process in that they became more adhesive towards the cells in suspension, leading to the formation of large aggregates containing both cells and galactose-beads. The results suggest that specific carbohydrates are involved in the processes of cell recognition or cell adhesion, or both.


Antiviral effect of interferon covalently bound to sepharose. Interferon, covalently bound to Sepharose 4B activated by cyanogen bromide, induces the antiviral state in sensitive cells. The antiviral effect is neutralized by antiserum specific to interferon and is recovered thereafter when the antibody is detached from the interferon by treatment at low pH. Binding interferon to Sepharose increases the stability of the molecule. It is likely that the interferon molecule acts on the cell receptor without being detached from the beads. However, the data do not exclude the possibility of a small loss of interferon, or fragments of it, after contact with the cell.


A cell-contact model for cellular position determination in development. The fate of a cell in a developing organism is a function of its position within the organism. The molecular mechanism that cells use to determine their position and to convert positional information into a form that can be used to regulate the expression of genes is not understood. This paper presents a model in which contacts between complementary molecules on plasma membranes of adjacent cells regulate the concentration of a morphogenetic substance and transmit positional information. This model is described by four equations that, when solved with realistic parameters, demonstrated that this mechanism will produce discrete populations of cells within a few hours from an initially undifferentiated array of cells. The model suggests an explanation for several phenomena that have been observed and suggests experiments to test it and to clearly differentiate it from other models for position determination.


NAD(P) glycohydrolase deficiency in human erythrocytes and alteration of cytosol NADH-methemoglobin diaphorase by membrane NAD-glycohydrolase activity. Erythrocytic NADH methemoglobin diaphorase acquires NADH-dichlorophenolindophenol diaphorase activity when enzyme-associated NAD is removed. This transformation is reversible and can be mediated by membrane NAD glycohydrolase (EC 3.2.2.5) in hemolysates as well as in intact cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide. It is abolished either in NADH methemoglobin diaphorase deficiency or in NAD(P) glycohydrolase (EC 3.2.2.6) deficiency which is common in Afro-American but not in European-American adults. Activities of erythrocytic NADP glycohydrolase and NAD glycohydrolase appear to depend on a single membrane enzyme.


Supersensitivity and subsensitivity of the beta-adrenergic receptor in pineal gland regulated by catecholamine transmitter. Depletion of neural norepinephrine by reserpine treatment or by denervation resulted in a greater induction of serotonin N-acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.5) and a higher elevation of cyclic AMP in postsynaptic pineal cell to small amount of isoproterenol. This increase in responsiveness occurs rapidly within 24 hr after treatment with reserpine. Repeated administration of isoproterenol to the denervated or reserpine-treated rats not only suppressed the superinduction, but also caused a decreased response to isoproterenol in cultured pineal cells. Cultured pineal cells from denervated or reserpine-treated rats were about 10 times more responsive to small amounts of isoproterenol. The response of cultured pineal cells of rats which were repeatedly injected with isoproterenol was markedly reduced after exposure to submaximal amounts of catecholamines. The maximal increase in N-acetyltransferase was the same in denervated, reserpine-treated, isoproterenol-treated, and untreated pineal cells. Exposure of rats to continuous lighting (a procedure that reduces sympathetic nerve activity) resulted in a superinduction of pineal N-acetyltransferase by isoproterenol. These observations indicate that the responsiveness of the postsynaptic beta-adrenergic receptor is conditioned by prior exposure to its agonist, norepinephrine. Decreased norepinephrine results in supersensitivity, and repeated exposure to large amounts of catecholamines causes subsensitivity (tolerance).


The synthesis in vitro of RNA polymerase subunits of Escherichia coli. DNA from transducing bacteriophage that carry the structural gene for the beta subunit of RNA polymerase has been used to direct protein synthesis in a cell-free transcription-translation system. A polypeptide species has been detected which appears to be beta-subunit material made in vitro.


Structure of liver alcohol dehydrogenase at 2.9-angstrom resolution. The conformation of the polypeptide chain in horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.1), as well as the binding sites for some inhibitor molecules, have been determined from x-ray crystallographic data to a resolution of 2.9 A. Each subunit of the dimeric molecule is organized into two parts unequal in size and separated by a wide and deep active-site cleft. The adenosine moiety of the coenzyme is bound within the smaller region. Interactions between these coenzyme-binding substructures define the subunit contact area of the molecule. The "catalytic" zinc atoms are bound at the bottom of the clefts about 20 A from the surface of the molecule. The coenzyme binding region has a main-chain conformation very similar to a corresponding region in lactate and malate dehydrogenase. It is suggested that this substructure is a general one for binding of nucleotides and, in particular, the coenzyme NAD(+).


Mechanism of action of nerve growth factor and cyclic AMP on neurite outgrowth in embryonic chick sensory ganglia: demonstration of independent pathways of stimulation. The suggested role of adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate as the "second messenger" in the neurite outgrowth from chick embryonic sensory ganglia mediated by nerve growth factor was examined. Although N(6),O(2)-dibutyryl adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate induces fiber outgrowth at concentrations of 1-5 mM, this response is morphologically distinct from that produced by nerve growth factor, is pH dependent, is mimicked by sodium butyrate, and does not occur in sympathetic ganglia. In addition, nerve growth factor does not alter the amounts of intracellular cyclic AMP during incubations up to 24 hr and does not stimulate adenylate cyclase in broken-cell preparations. Addition of theophylline, an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase, causes increases in intracellular levels of cyclic AMP but does not affect fiber outgrowth. These observations indicate that the nerve growth factor response is not mediated through cyclic AMp and that stimulation of sensory ganglia by exogenous cyclic AMP derivatives is probably of limited physiological significance. These findings are also compatible with the developing hypothesis, based on structural similarities, that nerve growth factor and insulin exert their effects on their respective responsive tissues by related mechanisms.


Growth inhibition and morphological changes caused by lipophilic acids in mammalian cells. Human (HeLa, Chang liver, L-132, and Intestine 407) and other mammalian (XC, SV3T3, and chick-embryo) cells in tissue culture are at least as sensitive to inhibition by lipophilic acids and nitrite as bacteria. Some of these compounds are the most frequently used antimicrobial food additives. Short-chain fatty acids (up to hexanoate) and parabens induce, at partially inhibitory concentrations, a jagged cell shape in continuous epithelial-like cell lines, such as HeLa, Chang liver, L-132, and Intestine 407. This morphological effect is not mediated or enhanced by butyryl cyclic AMP, which specifically affects fibroblasts.


Regulation of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol metabolism by inorganic phosphate.


Presynaptic inhibition at inhibitory nerve terminals.  A new synapse in the crayfish stretch receptor. Previous physiological evidence has shown that the receptor neuron of the slowly adapting stretch receptor organ of crayfish receives synapses from three inhibitory axons, while the receptor muscle is innervated by both excitatory and inhibitory axons. Fine structural studies have indicated that after certain preparative procedures synaptic vesicles in the inhibitory terminals on dendrites of the receptor neuron appear small and elongate, while those in the excitatory terminals on the receptor muscle are round and larger. This study describes a new synapse between two inhibitory nerve endings on the receptor neuron. One axon, containing small elongate vesicles, forms a presynaptic chemical contact with another morphologically similar axon that, itself, presumably releases inhibitory transmitter onto the receptor neuron. A second type of presynaptic axo-axonic synapse, analogous to one previously described in another crustacean muscle, was also found between presumed inhibitory and excitatory nerve terminals on the receptor muscle. Thus, the stretch receptor has a relatively complex organization with a morphological basis for two types of presynaptic inhibition: one on excitatory terminals and the other on inhibitory terminals.


Malignancy of the uterine corpus following irradiation therapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix.


Studies on a specific glucocorticoid-hormone receptor in the developing chick retina.


Karyometry in the estimation of nuclear population in pulmonary carcinomas.


Ultrastructure of human mesotheliomas.

Ultrastructure of human mesotheliomas.


Titrations of various mouse mammary tumor viruses in different mouse strains.


Mechanism of resistance to mammary tumor development in C57BL and I strains of mice. II. Inherent differences between the two strains.


C-type particles in baboon (Papio cynocephalus) preimplantation embryos.


Inhibitory effect of 2-br-alpha-ergocryptine-methane-sulfonate on renal carcinogenesis in the male hamster.


Letter: Doxapram hydrochloride.

Letter: Doxapram hydrochloride.


Proceedings: Experimental observations on intestinal healing in malignant disease.


Letter: Eosinophilia in bronchogenic carcinoma.


Editorial: Problems in receptor identification: catecholamines.


Nerve conduction velocity in patients on long-term diphenylhydantoin therapy.


Uptake of the neurotransmitter candidate glutamate by glia.


Effect of Sendai virus on the respiration of rabbit spermatozoa.


1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3: a kidney-produced steroid hormone essential to calcium homeostasis.


Editorial: Islet cell tumours of the pancreas.


Cation dependence of high-affinity angiotensin II binding to adrenal cortex receptors. The specific binding of monoiodinated angiotensin II by particulate receptors from the bovine adrenal cortex is enhanced by addition of sodium and potassium ions, but not other cations. In the presence of 140 millimolar sodium, increased uptake of angiotensin II by adrenal receptors is associated with the appearance of high-affinity binding sites with an association constant of 2 x 10(9) liters per mole.


The ubiquity of type-C viruses in spargana of Spirometra spp.


Incrementing responses in myasthenia gravis.


Recovery following cranial nerve dysfunction and muscle weakness in infancy.


Letter: Surgical correction of islet cell carcinoma in a dog.


NADH- and N2-oxidation in hydrogen bacteria studied by respiratory chain inhibitors.


Comparison of 13C spin-lattice relaxation times in phospholipid vesicles and mutilayers.


Ultrastructural studies of periostracum formation in the hard shelled clam Mercenaria mercenaria (L).


Regulation of aspartokinase activity in non-fermentative, marine eubacteria.


EPR studies on the mechanism of action of succinate dehydrogenase in activated preparations.


The rapid separation and isolation of mono- and oligonucleotides by high speed liquid chromatography: an ion exchange, reversed-phase system.


Guanosine 3', 5'-cyclic monophosphate phosphodiesterase activity of Bacillus licheniformis.


Resolution of two protein kinase modulators from lactating rat mammary gland.


Acetylcholine causes a net decrease in phosphatidylinositol and a net increase in phosphatidic acid in mouse pancreas.


Comparative studies on composition of liver phospholipids from rats fed oleic or elaidic acid.


Evidence for a regulatory function related to the expression of the polyoma genome following the onset of virus DNA replication.


The nucleic acids of viruses.

The nucleic acids of viruses.


Effect of X537A on the release of amino acids in retina.


Cytomegaloviruses.

Cytomegaloviruses.


Selective and reversible inhibition of initiation of protein synthesis in mammalian cells.


Mating reaction in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. V. Changes in the fine structure during the mating reaction.


Liver circulation.

Liver circulation.


Role of silicon in diatom metabolism. V. Silicic acid transport and metabolism in the heterotrophic diatom Nitzschia alba.


Electron microscope studies on spermiogenesis in various animal species.


Comparative studies of the juxtaglomerular apparatus.


Micronuclei in mouse bone-marrow cells. A simple in vivo model for the evaluation of drug-induced chromosomal aberrations.


The uvrC  gene in Salmonella: phenotypic properties and a preliminary mapping.


Herpes simplex.

Herpes simplex.


Paul-Bunnell-Davidsohn antibody of infectious mononucleosis and Epstein-Barr virus.


Proliferation of arterial cells in atherosclerosis.


Concurrence of multiple sclerosis and glioma. Three cases are reported of concurrence of malignant gliomas (astrocytomas and glioblastomas) with multiple sclerosis (MS). This situation may lead to considerable diagnostic difficulties, yet an accurate appraisal is of prognostic, if not therapeutic, value. There is suggestive but inconclusive evidence that the two conditions may be causally related, malignant astrocytic tumours arising from plaques of MS. The small number of reported cases makes statistical analysis impossible, but the scanty literature may not reflect the true incidence.


Thrombosis and connective tissue interrelationships in arteriosclerosis.


Reaction patterns of intimal mesenchyme to injury, and repair in atherosclerosis.


Distribution of some possible intermediates of the haem biosynthesis.


Hepatography: distribution of the oily contrast medium after intrasplenic and intravenous (mesenteric) injection.


Enzymes of glycerol metabolism in developing rat liver and kidney.


Androgen receptors in rat testis.

Androgen receptors in rat testis.


Protein-prednisolone interaction in the regulation of the activity of some liver and kidney enzymes in growth-plateaued rats.


Kinetics of the photo-induced EPR signal in whole-cell Rhodospirillum rubrum: effects of light intensity, dark adaptation, temperature, and microwave power.


An ultrastructural study of silica deposition in the freshwater sponge Spongilla lacustris.


Benign clear cell tumor of lung.

Benign clear cell tumor of lung.


Absence of adenine nucleotide release from autonomic ganglion.


Antioestrogens in treatment of breast cancer.


Editorial: Treatment of genital herpes.

Editorial: Treatment of genital herpes.


The bacterial etiology of pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis.


The effects of acetylcholine and of synaptic stimulation on the sensorimotor cortex of cats. II. Comparison of the neuronal responses to reticular and other stimuli.


Amino acid release from isolated rat dorsal root ganglia.


p-Chlorophenylalanine treatment in developing rats: protein and lipids in whole brain and myelin.


Effects from the somatic sensory cortex on transmission through the spinocervical tract.


Effect of dorsal root section on amino acids of rat spinal cord.


Comparison of purified lactate dehydrogenases from normal rat liver and Morris hepatomas in rats and in culture.


Microglia and reactive "M" cells of degenerating central nervous system: does similar morphology and function imply a common origin?


The effect of slow freezing and hypertonic NaCl on the hydrolytic activity of rat erythrocyte cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase and its sensitivity to the inhibitor, D,L-4-(3-butoxy-4-methoxybenzyl)-2-imidazolidinone.


Further observations on urethral chromaffin cells: an electron microscopic study.


Characteristics of murine C-type viruses. I. Independent assortment of infectivity in one in vivo and four in vitro assays.


Study by the isotopic antiglobulin technique of a cross-reacting murine antibody produced by immunization with a syngeneic SV40 tumor.


The distribution of the sensory input in the dorsal spinal cord of the tortoise.


Effect of angiotensin II on blood volume and water intake in the rat.


Composition drift in the cytochrome c cistron.


Induction and complementation of lysine auxotrophs in Saccharomyces.


Cellular lipoproteins, calcium and magnesium in Novikoff hepatoma, liver of tumor-bearing and liver of normal rats.


Interrelations between sulfate-reducing and methane-producing bacteria in bottom deposits of a fresh-water lake. II. Inhibition experiments.


I-active antigen of human erythrocyte membrane.


Streptozotocin treatment for malignant insulinoma.


Studies on experimental lymphoma induced by Herpesvirus saimiri in nonhuman primates. Introduction to the symposium.


Oncogenic herpesviruses in species other than owl monkeys. A review.


Chromatin-associated receptors for estrogen, progesterone, and dihydrotestosterone and the induction of egg white protein synthesis in chick magnum.


The polypeptide composition of the encephalomyocarditis virus particle.


A serological study on mentally ill patients with particular reference to the prevalence of herpes virus infections.


Synthesis and morphogenetic activity of derivaties and analogs of aryl geranyl ether juvenoids.


Nuclear localization and covalent linkage of infective virus DNA to chromosomal DNA of non-producer Rous sarcoma cells.


Inhibition of simian virus 40 DNA synthesis by frog virus 3.


Inhibition of rhinovirus RNA synthesis in diploid cells by a substituted guanidine compound having a different mode of action from guanidine.


A microcolumn apparatus for rapid cleanup of 2,4-dinitrophenylmethylamine extracts for carbamate pesticide analysis.


Alteration of fermentation products from butyrate to acetate by nitrate reduction in Clostridium perfringens.


Sensitivity of mesenteric vascular bed to vasoconstrictor drugs during reactive hyperemia.


Partially coated vacuoles--a new type of endocytotic structure.


The mechanism of action of methionyl-tRNA synthetase from Escherichia coli. Mechanism of the amino-acid activation reaction catalyzed by the native and the trypsin-modified enzymes.


Myocardial energy metabolism.

Myocardial energy metabolism.


Letter: 14-Sec and 6-sec spikes on sleep EEG as normal finding in stage REM.


Energy sources of cardiac contraction.

Energy sources of cardiac contraction.


Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.


Transformation of mouse cells infected with AKR leukemia virus by benzene extact fractions of city air particles.


Effects of sodium acetate and sodium chloride on EMS-induced chlorophyll mutations in barley.


Comparison of dihydrotachysterol and 5,6-trans vitamin D3 on intestinal calcium absorption in patients with chronic renal failure.


Biochemical reactions involved in pancreatic enzyme secretion. I. Activation of the adenylate cyclase complex.


Proceedings: 67Ga citrate liver scanning: evaluation of its use in 80 patients and evidence of intrahepatic distribution by autoradiography.


Collagen proline hydroxylase activity and 35S sulphate uptake in human liver biopsies. In an effort to assess connective tissue biosynthetic activity in human liver disease, collagen proline hydroxylase (a key enzyme in collagen biosynthesis) and the uptake of (35)S sulphate (a precursor of sulphated mucopolysaccharides) were measured in hepatic tissue obtained mainly by percutaneous biopsy.A procedure is described for the quantitation of collagen proline hydroxylase in cryostat sections which allows for the simultaneous histopathological examination of the liver specimen. A three to eightfold increase in the activity of this enzyme was found in four cirrhotic livers compared with the mean value of four normal livers and two biopsies from patients with Gilbert's syndrome. Elevated hydroxylase levels were found also in five patients with hepatic dysfunction but without cirrhosis (four alcoholics and one patient with persistent hepatitis associated with serum smooth muscle antibody). It is suggested that the hepatic level of collagen proline hydroxylase may be a useful quantitative index of fibroblastic activity in human liver disease. Autoradiographic studies of radioactive sulphate uptake in biopsy specimens from patients with chronic liver disease showed an exaggerated incorporation of isotope not only at sites of established fibrogenesis but also in the walls of sinusoids throughout the liver.


Proceedings: Primary liver cell carcinoma: alcohol and chronic liver disease.


Cell surface antigens of a mouse testicular teratoma. Identification of an antigen physically associated with H-2 antigens on tumor cells. Rabbit antisera to a mouse testicular teratoma, absorbed with normal mouse tissues, react by immunofluorescence with plasma membrane antigens of a variety of transplantable mouse tumor cells and transformed fibroblast cell lines including Clone 1D, SV-40-3T3, and 3T12. Trypsin treatment of cells of "normal" lines, 3T3 and FR-SV-3T3, uncovers reactivity on these as well. Early passage mouse embryo fibroblast cell cultures do not react even after trypsinization. By cross-absorbtion studies, the anti-teratoma serum appears to react with an antigen common to most tumor cells investigated thus far. When this antigen on Clone 1D cells is "capped," H-2 antigens collect with the teratoma antigens in the cap indicating a physical association between the molecules. Molecules specified by both the H-2D and H-2K regions are bound to the teratoma antigens in the Clone 1D plasma membrane. This antigen is also found in soluble tumor cell fractions where it is believed to be free of H-2. A second cell surface antigen defined by anti-teratoma serum is expressed only by hepatoma and teratoma itself. This second antigen is apparently a secretory product of teratoma cells. A third surface antigen defined by anti-teratoma serum appears to be specific for the teratoma.


Mutants of nonproducer cell lines transformed by murine sarcoma virus. 3. Detection and characterization of RNA specific for helper and sarcoma viruses. BALB/3T3 cells transformed by the Kirsten sarcoma virus (nonvirus producer BALB/3T3 cells) and mutant cell lines derived therefrom by treatment with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) were analyzed for expression of virus-specific RNA using single-stranded DNA transcripts of Rauscher leukemia virus (RLV), a virus activated in one of the cell lines (58-2T), and Ki-SV-specific DNA transcript; the latter transcript after removal of all sequences cross-reactive with RLV RNA. The Rauscher virus DNA detected multiple copies of viral RNA in virus-producing cells ( approximately 2.5 x 10(3)/cell) whether infected with RLV or activated to produce virus with BrdU. Nonproducer (NP) cells and normal BALB cells showed small numbers of RNA genomes (70-250/cell) and only partial saturation of the transcript. The intracellular RNA sedimented at 35S (main peak) with a variable minor peak at 20S with the exception of one mutant cell, M-43-2 (main peak at 26-27S). The 58-2T transcript reacted preferentially in NP cells and their derivatives with biphasic kinetics suggesting the possibility of sequences specific for the original transforming virus. The size of Ki-SV specific sequences were 30S in mutant cells whether or not complete virus was being produced and independent of in vivo transplantability.


Mediation of immunologic discharge of lysosomal enzymes from human neutrophils by guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate. Requirement of calcium, and inhibition by adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate. The purpose of this investigation was to elucidate the relationship of cyclic GMP and calcium to the immunologic discharge of lysosomal enzymes from purified human neutrophils. Contact of neutrophils with a variety of immunologic stimuli, including zymosan particles treated with either normal or rheumatoid arthritic (RA) serum, heat-aggregated (agg) IgG, particulate and immobilized agg IgG each treated with RA serum, and zymosan-treated serum, provoked the discharge of beta-glucuronidase, but not cytoplasmic lactate dehydrogenase, and stimulated the accumulation of cyclic GMP. Both enzyme release and elevation of cyclic GMP levels required the presence of extracellular calcium as neither cellular event proceeded in its absence. Cholinergic enhancement of the immunologic secretion of beta-glucuronidase from neutrophils by acetylcholine was associated with a concomitant accumulation of cyclic GMP. These actions of acetylcholine on neutrophils did not proceed in the absence of extracellular calcium. Whereas the concentrations of cyclic GMP in neutrophils were elevated by both immune reactants and a combination of the latter and acetylcholine, cyclic AMP levels remained unaltered. Thus, cyclic GMP, but not cyclic AMP, was associated with the immunologic and pharmacologic discharge of lysosomal enzymes from neutrophils. Contrariwise, cyclic AMP, but not cyclic GMP, was associated with inhibition of lysosomal enzyme release. For example, dibutyryl cyclic AMP and epinephrine inhibited the release of beta-glucuronidase from neutrophils that was elicited by each of the immune reactants tested. Moreover, cyclic AMP levels in the cells were elevated markedly in every instance that enzyme discharge was inhibited by epinephrine. Epinephrine did not alter the neutrophil concentrations of cyclic GMP at times when those of cyclic AMP were elevated. The data in this report constitute partial evidence that the immunologic discharge of lysosomal enzymes from human neutrophils is mediated or signaled by intracellular cyclic GMP and that calcium is linked to this stimulation of enzyme secretion.


Ultrastructure of xanthelasma palpebrarum as revealed by freeze etching techniques.


Pathogenesis of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) virus infection in bovine fetal tracheal organ cultures.


Studies on the unmasking and-or carrier effects of vesicular stomatitis virus grown in human lymphocytes.


Pancreatitis of mice infected with encephalomyocarditis virus.


In vitro effects of synthetic somatotropin-release inhibiting factor on cyclic AMP level and GH release in rat anterior pituitary gland.


A papovavirus isolated from patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.


Editorial: Bronchial asthma.

Editorial: Bronchial asthma.


Mixed tumour in an ectopic salivary gland.


Editorial: Japanese encephalitis in India.


The distribution of 14C-label in the lipids of ram semen following the intratesticular injection of (1-14C)palmitic acid.


Virus antibodies in patients with multiple sclerosis.


Actions of antifertility chemicals on Xenopus laevis spermatozoa in vitro.


Relation of nucleoside transport and surface phosphohydrolase activity in Hymenolepis diminuta.


Interaction of prostaglandins E1 and E2 in regulation of cyclic-AMP and aggregation in human platelets: evidence for a common prostaglandin receptor. The effects of (PGE) prostaglandins E1 and E2 on the aggregation and release reaction induced in human platelets by ADP have been investigated.  Measurements of cyclic-AMP content in (PRP) platelet-rich plasma were made concurrently.  Although both PGE1 and PGE2 independently increased platelet cyclic-AMP and inhibited 1st phase ADP-induced aggregation (order of potency, PGE1  PGE2), the effect of a fixed concentration of PGE2 in the presence of PGE1 varied.  At low PGE1 concentrations, the effects were additive, but at higher PGE1 concentrations PGE2 lowered the efficacy of PGE1.  These results suggest that PGE2 may be a "partial agonist" of PGE1.  PGE2 enhanced and PGE1 inhibited the 2nd phase of ADP-induced aggregation and the release of serotonin by a mechanism which appeared to be independent of cyclic-AMP content.  A mixture of the 2 PGs produced responses intermediate between those observed with each PG independently.  Binding of PGE1-3H to platelets was demonstrated in PRP and in concentrated platelet suspensions.  PGE1 and PGE2 inhibited binding in a simular manner.  It is proposed that PGE1 and PGE2 compete for a common receptor on the platelet membrane.


On the treatment with proflavine of herpes simplex or vaccinia infected GMK cells. An electron microscopic study.


Genetic control of some metabolic modifications during the sporulation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hansen.


Influence of dilution rate on enzyme synthesis in Aspergillus niger in continuous culture.


Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases: sone recent results and achievements.


Clinical care of nonhuman primates. Synopsis and evaluation of a workshop held at the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD., 7-8 March 1973.


Methods for the separation of platelets from plasma. A comparison of functional and morphological integrity.


Enzymes of arginine biosynthesis and their repressive control.


The influence of benzamidine derivatives on human platelet function.


Time of appearance of the distal sesamoidean loci of ossification of the calf.


Rapid identification of swine vesicular disease virus in vesicular epithelium using the fluorescent antibody technique.


Bacterial attack on phenolic ethers. Electron acceptor-substrate binding proteins in bacterial O-dealkylases: purification and characterization of cytochrome P-450npd of Nocardia.


The effects of an elevated temperature, colchicine, and vinblastine on axonal microtubules of the crayfish (Procambarus clarkii).


Biosynthesis of lipovitellin by the crustacean ovary.


Isolation and characterization of phenothiazine-copper complexes.


Purification and biochemical properties of genetically defined malate dehydrogenase in maize.


A Meckel-like syndrome?

A Meckel-like syndrome?


A new procedure for synthesis of 3-keto derivatives of sphingolipids and its application for study of fatty acid composition of brain ceramides and cerebrosides containing dihydrosphingosine of sphingosine.


Membrane phospholipids and hormone-sensitive lipolysis in fat cells.


Morphological and biochemical studies on liver biopsies of parkinsonian patients treated with levodopa and decarboxylase inhibitor.


The effect of catecholamines and fasting on cyclic-AMP and release of glycerol from human adipose tissue.


The effect of sex on certain properties of the very low density lipoprotein secreted by the liver.


Cobalt--bis(histidine methyl ester) deuteroporphyrine IX: a coenzyme B12--related model.


A Neurospora crassa morphological mutant showing reduced adenylate cyclase activity.


Phosphoglycerate kinase (GTP). An enzyme from Entamoeba histolytica selective for guanine nucleotides.


(3H)norepinephrine binding: unrelated to catechol-O-methyl transferase.


Lysophospholipid induced volume changes in lysosomes and in lysosomal lipid dispersions.


Editorial: The diagnostic tripod.

Editorial: The diagnostic tripod.


Letter: Test for role of angiotensin in hypertension.


Regularity in the control of the free-running sleep-wakefulness rhythm.


Regulation of melanocyte stimulating hormone action at the receptor level: discontinuous binding of hormone to synchronized mouse melanoma cells during the cell cycle. Melanocyte stimulating hormone coupled to Sepharose effects an increase in tryosinase (EC 1.14.18.1; monophenol monoxygenase) activity of cultivated mouse melanoma cells. Synchronized cells are found to respond to melanocyte stimulating hormone only in the G2 phase of the cell cycle, although their response to cyclic AMP is independent of position in the cell cycle. The binding of (125)I-labeled melanocyte stimulating hormone occurs predominantly in G2. These observations are satisfied by a model in which the hormone can activate adenylate cyclase (EC 4.6.1.1) by binding to a melanocyte stimulating hormone receptor only in G2; the events distal to cyclic AMP production can occur throughout the cell cycle.


Non-selective inhibition of transformed cell growth by a protease inhibitor. The protease inhibitors N-tosyl-L-phenylalanylchloromethyl ketone (TPCK) and N-tosyl-L-lysylchloromethyl ketone (TLCK) have previously been shown to selectively inhibit growth of simian virus 40-transformed cells, suggesting that proteolytic enzymes play a role in loss of cellular growth control following viral transformation. In contrast, this study shows that TPCK-mediated growth inhibition is non-selective, since the growth of both simian virus 40-transformed and untransformed 3T3 cells is similarly reduced by TPCK treatment. Under certain conditions, TPCK treatment of simian virus 40-transformed cells yields a reversible "growth plateau" condition which mimics, but is not equivalent to, contact inhibition of growth. The growth inhibitory effects of TPCK are due to inhibition of protein synthesis, since TPCK treatment resulted in a diminution of protein synthesis and since the "growth plateau" effect was also observed in cultures treated with cycloheximide.


Enzyme activity in invasive tumors of human breast and colon. Elevated levels of glycoprotein:sialyltransferase activity (EC 2.4.99.1; CMP-N-acetylneuraminate: D-galactosyl-glycoprotein N-acetylneuraminyltransferase) were found in human malignant neoplastic tissues compared to normal, benign, and "preneoplastic" tissues. This increase was not due to the cell density of the tissue. Elevated levels of certain proteases and glycosidases were also found. The increase in transferase activity may be associated with altered membrane synthesis in the neoplastic state; changes in the activity of degradative enzymes may be associated with tumor invasiveness and maintenance of the neoplastic state. Measurements on human tumors are possibly more directly relevant to cancer than those described for transformed fibroblastic cells in vitro.


Guanosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate-dependent phosphorylation of endogenous substrate proteins in membranes of mammalian smooth muscle. Guanosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic GMP) stimulated the endogenous phosphorylation of two proteins in isolated membrane fractions from mammalian organs rich in smooth muscle, including ductus deferens, uterus, and small intestine. The apparent molecular weights of the substrate proteins were 130,000 and 100,000. In the presence of 10 mM MnCl(2), a half-maximal increase in phosphorylation of these proteins was achieved with 20-30 nM cyclic GMP. Approximately 10-fold higher concentrations of adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP) were required to produce the same increase in phosphorylation of these two proteins. Cyclic AMP, but not cyclic GMP, regulated the phosphorylation of a third protein present in these same membrane fractions; the apparent molecular weight of this protein was 50,000. Cyclic GMP-dependent phosphorylation of endogenous protein was not observed in the cell sap of any of the three preparations of smooth muscle studied. The finding of endogenous cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase activity and associated substrate proteins in membrane fractions from several mammalian organs containing smooth muscle raises the possibility that physiological actions of cyclic GMP in smooth muscle may be mediated by the phosphorylation of membrane proteins.


Investigation of very slowly tumbling spin labels by nonlinear spin response techniques: theory and experiment for stationary electron electron double resonance. The investigation of very slowly tumbling spin labels by nonlinear electron spin response techniques is discussed. Such techniques permit characterization of rotational processes with correlation times from 10(-3) to 10(-7) sec even though the linear spin response (ESR) technique is insensitive to motion in this region. Nonlinear techniques fall into two categories: (a) Techniques (referred to as passage techniques) in which the distribution of saturation throughout the spin system is determined both by the applied magnetic field modulation of the resonance condition and by the modulation of the resonance frequency induced by the molecular motion. The time dependence of this distribution produces phase and amplitude changes in the observed signals. (b) Techniques that measure the integral of the distribution function of the time required for saturated spin packets to move between pumped and observed portions of the spectrum [stationary and pulsed electron electron double resonance (ELDOR) techniques]. Quantitative analysis of passage ESR and stationary ELDOR techniques can be accomplished employing a density matrix treatment that explicitly includes the interaction of the spins with applied radiation and modulation fields. The effect of molecular motion inducing a random modulation of the anisotropic spin interactions can be calculated by describing the motion by the diffusion equation appropriate to the motional model assumed. For infinitesimal steps the eigen-functions of the diffusion operator are known analytically, while for random motion of arbitrary step size they are determined by diagonalizing the transition matrix appropriate for the step model used. The present communication reports investigation of the rotational diffusion of the spin label probes 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinol-1-oxyl and 17beta-hydroxy-4',4'-dimethylspiro-[5alpha-androstane-3,2'-oxazolidin]-3'-oxyl in sec-butylbenzene. Experimental spectra are compared with computer simulations of spectra carried out for isotropic Brownian (limit of infinitesimal step size) and free diffusion (arbitrary step size) models.


Visualization of single-stranded nucleic acid of RNA tumor virus with the electron microscope. 60-70S RNA of avian myeloblastosis virus was spread with the Kleinschmidt method and examined in the electron microscope after being subjected to a variety of denaturing conditions. Extension of the molecules from a collapsed configuration was seen only under stringent denaturing conditions, resulting in molecules of 1-2 mum in length. Longer strands of these extremely fragile molecules cannot be obtained with the methods presently available.


Changes in activity and molecular properties of fructose 1, 6-bisphosphatase during fasting and refeeding. During prolonged starvation, fructose 1,6bisphosphatase (EC 3.1.3.11) activity in rabbit liver and kidney shows a transient decrease during the first 36 hr, before rising at 96 hr to levels severalfold higher than those found in the livers of fed animals. Proteolytic activity appears in the 105,000 x g supernatant fraction within several hours of starvation, and continues to increase during the entire 96-hr period. On refeeding, the activities return to nearly the control levels within 24 hr. The catalytic properties of fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase isolated from the livers of fasted rabbits are similar to those of the enzyme from fed animals, but its structure is modified, since it no longer contains the single tryptophan residue located near the NH(2)-terminus in the native enzyme. Thus this tryptophan residue is not required for the neutral pH optimum. The structural changes and the transient decrease in activity may be related to the observed increase in "free" proteolytic activity.


Widespread natural occurrence of high titers of neutralizing antibodies to a specific class of endogenous mouse type-C virus. Mouse cells contain several biologically distinguishable endogenous type-C viruses. In the present studies, the immunologic response of different strains of mice to the natural expression of these viruses has been examined. High titers of neutralizing antibodies have been detected to a class of virus that lacks the ability to exogenously infect mouse cells. The expression of this virus, in vivo as well as in vitro, is shown to be vertically transmitted as a dominant genetic trait. The findings indicate the widespread occurrence of this endogenous virus and the ability of the mouse to immunologically respond to a class of type-C virus whose mode of transmission is similar to that of cellular genes.


Accumulation of an intermediate in DNA synthesis by HEp.2 cells treated with methyl methanesulfonate. A portion of the DNA synthesized by HEp.2 cells after short incubation in the presence of BrdU bands in a CsCl gradient at a distinct peak of density 1.715-1.718 g/cm(3). Inhibition of DNA synthesis by methyl methanesulfonate results in an increased proportion of this "intermediate density" DNA. Cells labeled and subsequently chased in nonradioactive BrdU yield only hybrid DNA. Treatment with single-strand-specific deoxyribonuclease converts a portion of the intermediate density material to molecules of hybrid density (1.755 g/cm(3)). The data suggest an intermediate in DNA replication that contains a single-stranded region in the parental strand and that accumulates when DNA synthesis is blocked by an alkylation-induced lesion.


Mechanism of enzymic acetylation of des-acetyl citrate lyase. A new enzyme, acetate:SH-[acyl-carrier-protein] enzyme ligase (AMP), has been purified about 30-fold from cell-free extracts of Klebsiella aerogenes. The enzyme, in the presence of acetate and ATP, catalyzes the acetylation of enzymically inactive des-acetyl citrate lyase to enzymically active citrate lyase (EC 4.1.3.6). Acetate and ATP could be replaced by acetyl adenylate. Acetyl-CoA can act as acetyl donor in this activation only if trace amounts of adenine nucleotides and auxiliary enzymes are present. These allow formation of acetyl adenylate in acetate- and ATP-generating reactions.


Differences in membrane fluidity and structure in contact-inhibited and transformed cells. Studies on contact-inhibited mouse embryo fibroblast 3T3 cells and 3T3 cells transformed by oncogenic RNA and DNA viruses and by a chemical carcinogen have demonstrated differences in plasma membrane architecture. Spin-label and freeze-fracture ultrastructural studies have shown that contact-inhibited cells have ordered membrane lipids and aggregated intramembranous particles, whereas transformed cells have fluid membrane lipids and randomly distributed intramembranous particles. These findings suggest a model for how changes in the cell membrane may account for some of the characteristic differences observed between contact-inhibited and transformed cells.


An RNA-dependent nucleoside triphosphate phosphohydrolase (ATPase) associated with rho termination factor. Highly purified rho termination factor from Escherichia coli catalyzes an RNA-dependent hydrolysis of ribonucleoside triphosphates to nucleoside diphosphates and inorganic phosphate. In the presence of poly(C), a specific activity of 100 mumole of ATP hydrolyzed per min/mg has been measured. The phosphohydrolase activity appears to be associated with the protein responsible for termination of RNA synthesis, but a functional relationship between the two activities is not yet evident. Hydrolysis of nucleoside triphosphates occurs in the absence of termination and without any extensive degradation of RNA.


Spontaneous induction of endogenous murine leukemia virus-related antigen expression during short-term in vitro incubation of mouse lymphocytes. Short-term lymphocyte cultures from mouse thymus, spleen, or lymph nodes were studied for the presence of murine leukemia virus group-specific antigens with an immunofluorescence test using rat immune sera against syngeneic cells infected with the radiation leukemia virus or its pseudotype of murine sarcoma virus and goat and rabbit antisera against purified murine leukemia virus group-specific antigen. Antigens reacting with these sera appeared in the cultured lymphocytes within 24 hr, and the proportion of immunofluorescent-positive cells increased to 25-80% by the second or third day of cultivation, concomitantly with a decrease in cell viability. The appearance of these antigens can be suppressed by inhibitors of DNA (mitomycin-C), RNA (actinomycin-D, cordycepin, and polyadenylic acid), and protein (cycloheximide) synthesis. No infectious virus could be detected by the immunofluorescence and XC-cell tests. The observed phenomenon appears to represent the spontaneous partial derepression of endogenous murine leukemia virus replication in lymphocytes during short-term in vitro cultivation.


Specific movement of cell membranes fused with HVJ (Sendai virus). When Ehrlich ascites tumor cells fused with UV-inactivated HVJ (Sendai virus) were cultured, the viral envelope antigens, which had been integrated at random into the cell membranes, accumulated at one site on the fused cell. The site showed a specific structure, namely, a projection of the cytoplasm from the spherical fused cell surface with clusters of many long microvillilike protrusions from it. When the fused cells were conjugated with antibody against Ehrlich ascites tumor cells and cultured, the antigen-antibody complex also accumulated on the projection.Associated with the development of the projection and accumulation of viral antigens, vacuoles developed at the base of the projection in the cytoplasm of the fused cells in culture. The development of the projection and vacuoles and the accumulation of viral antigens were all inhibited by glucose, mannose, galactose, sodium azide, and cycloheximide, and these inhibitions were reversible. All these structures were observed in multinucleated cells, but few in mononucleated cells after reaction with HVJ (Sendai virus). We consider that these three phenomena correlate with each other and may result from changes in cell-membrane systems caused by fusion of cells.


Polyoma DNA: a physical map.

Polyoma DNA: a physical map. The action of restriction enzymes on polyoma DNA was studied with uniformly (32)P-labeled viral DNA obtained from either infected 3T6 or secondary mouse-embryo cells. Three restriction enzymes were used to construct a physical map of the polyoma genome. An enzyme from Hemophilus parainfluenzae, Hpa(II), cleaved polyma DNA into eight unique fragments (Hpa(II)-1 to Hpa(II)-8), ranging in size from 27.3 to 1.8% of the genome. An enzyme from Hemophilus influenzae, Hin(III), gave two fragments (56 and 44%); and a third enzyme from Escherichia coli, EcoR(I), cut at a single unique site. The physical map of the polyma genome was constructed from methods involving: (1) further digestion of the fragments produced by enzymes EcoR(I) and Hin(III) with Hpa(II), and (2) analysis of the products of partial digestion with Hpa(II). Analysis by electron microscopy of replicating DNA molecules (less than 50% replicated) cut with the Hin(III) enzyme, in combination with other studies, has indicated that the origin of DNA replication is located at 71 +/- 3 map units from the EcoR(I) cleavage site, probably in Hpa(II)-5.


Discontinuous variability, in the form of a geometric progression, of albumin production in hepatoma and hybrid cells. A clonal rat hepatoma cell line (Fu5) produces rat serum albumin at a constant rate over at least 3 months of continuous cultivation. Ten hybrid cell clones derived from the fusion of Fu5 cells and mouse fibroblasts, as well as 14 hepatoma subclones of Fu5 cells, all produce albumin but at different rates, ranging from about 0.09 to 36.7 mug/mg of protein per 72 hr. Despite this variability in albumin production, the distribution of clones is not random but discontinuous, with both hepatoma and hybrid clones clustering around discrete values that can be fitted to the geometric progression: a, a( radical2)(1), a( radical2)(2)..... a( radical2)(n). The values of the majority of clones fall into alternate members of this geometric progression, which differ by a factor of 2. Hepatoma subclones with indistinguishable karyotypes differ in level of albumin production by as much as 4-fold. In contrast to hepatoma clones, albumin production in hybrid clones decreases with increasing cell generations. A survey of 28 enzymes of different hepatomas reveals a large variability in enzyme levels which, for most enzymes, can be arranged into classes that form a geometric progression. The apparent widespread nature of this discontinuous phenotypic variability suggests that it may reflect a basic mechanism of control of gene expression in animal cells.


Evidence for the in vivo regulation of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in Hydrogenomonas eutropha H 16 from measurements of the intracellular concentrations of metabolic intermediates.


Aspirin and analgin as analgesics.

Aspirin and analgin as analgesics.


Carbohydrate transport and cyclic 3',5' adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels in a temperature sensitive phosphotransferase mutant of Escherichia coli.


Physiological and endocrinological changes in response to terminal heat stress in swine.


An autopsy case of isolated myocarditis probably associated with infectious mononucleosis and disseminated cytomegalic inclusion disease.


Letter: Estrogenic substances in beef.

Letter: Estrogenic substances in beef.


Growth quantitation of human mammary carcinoma in organ tissue culture.


Genital herpes. Some clinical and laboratory observations.


Relationship of the adrenergic nervous system and growth hormone release in normal adults and children with various growth disorders.


Reciprocal influence of salt intake on adrenal glomerulosa and renal vascular responses to angiotensin II in normal man. The adrenal glomerulosa cell and the renal vasculature respond to similar arterial angiotensin II (A II) levels. We have assessed the effect of decreased sodium intake on their responses to A II in man. Studies were performed in 42 normal subjects in balance on a daily intake of 100 meq potassium and either 200 or 10 meq sodium/day. Renal blood flow was measured with (133)Xe and arterial A II, renin and aldosterone concentrations by radioimmunoassay. A II was infused intravenously (1, 3, or 10 ng/kg/min) for 40-60 min; 14 subjects received graded doses. The A II level increased linearly with dose and plateaued within 3 min; blood pressure and renal vascular resistance showed a similar time-course. Aldosterone rose within 10 and plateaued within 20 min. Dose-response relationships were established between the rate of A II infusion and the adrenal, the renal vascular, and pressor responses. Sodium restriction reduced the pressor (P < 0.01) and the renal vascular response (P < 0.01), but potentiated the adrenal response to A II (P < 0.01). An excellent correlation was found between the plasma A II and aldosterone levels, but the slope of their regression relationship on a high (y = 0.13x + 6) and low salt intake (y = 0.32x + 14) differed significantly (P < 0.0005). Thus, sodium intake reciprocally influences vascular and adrenal responses to A II: salt restriction blunts the vascular response and potentiates the adrenal's, a physiologically important influence in view of aldosterone's role in sodium conservation.


Renal vein native plasma pressor activity.


Isolation of reovirus type 1 from lambs showing respiratory and intestinal symptoms.


Isolation of rhinovirus from cattle in outbreaks of acute respiratory disease.


Further characterization of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus of salmonid fish (Oregon strain).


Mechanism of bufalin-induced blockade of neuromuscular transmission in isolated rat diaphragm.


Effects of cytochrome C on the liver function of aged rats.


Spectral analysis of hippocampal slow wave activity during feeding and drinking in the rabbit.


Sleep patterns in the pony with observations on partial perceptual deprivation.


Specific induction of transitions and transversions of G-C base pairs by 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide in iso-1-cytochrome c mutants of yeast.


Specificity and frequency of ultraviolet-induced reversion of an iso-1-cytochrome c ochre mutant in radiation-sensitive strains of yeast.


Acute suppurative amebic pericarditis.

Acute suppurative amebic pericarditis.


Nuclear receptor estradiol complex: a requirement for uterotrophic responses.


Inhibition of glucagon-mediated increases in hepatic cyclic adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate by prostaglandin E1 and E2.


Initiation of luteinization in rabbit Graafian follicles by dibutyryl cyclic AMP in vitro.


Proceedings: Further investigations on the effects of adrenalectomy and pituitary-adrenocortical hormone treatments on isolation-induced fighting behaviour in male albino mice.


Proceedings: Changes in kallikrein excretion during arterial infusion of angiotensin.


Binding of luteinizing hormone and human chorionic gonadotrophin to ovarian cells and activation of adenylate cyclase.


Proceedings: Effect of angiotensin II on cyclic AMP and corticosterone output by purified zona glomerulosa and zona fasciculata cells of the rat adrenal cortex.


Red blood cell drug binding as a possible mechanism for tranquilization.


Responsiveness of lymphocytes from Mengovirus treated mice to phytohaemagglutinin stimulation, in vitro.


Mode of action of mucidin, a new antifungal antibiotic produced by the basidiomycete Oudemansiella mucida.


Biochemical cytology of trichomonad flagellates. II. Subcellular distribution of oxidoreductases and hydrolases in Monocercomonas sp.


Inhibition by several standard antiprotozoal drugs of growth and O2 uptake of cells and particulate preparations of a Leptomonas.


The renin system: Variations in man measured by radioimmunoassay or bioassay.


Stimulation of cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate accumulation and lipolysis in fat cells by adenosine deaminase.


Renal morphological and immunological changes associated with acute viral hepatitis.


Enzyme activities of the single juxtaglomerular apparatus in the rat kidney.


Exocellular pyruvate-containing galactoglucan of Achromobacter spp.


Pinocytotic uptake of protein from the reservoir in Euglena.


Chromatographic preparation of purified structural proteins from foot-and-mouth disease virus.


The cytochromes of some hydrogen bacteria.


Bio-degradation and utilization of silica and quartz.


Comparison of large fragments obtained by T1 RNase digestion of ribosomal and nucleolar preribosomal RNA of Novikoff hepatoma ascites cells: the 5'-terminal eicosanucleotide.


Nucleotide clusters in in deoxyribonucleic acids. X. Sequences of the pyrimidine oligonucleotides of mouse L-cell satellite DNA.


Regulation of herpes simplex virus-induced thymidine kinase.


Superoxide- and singlet oxygen-catalyzed lipid peroxidation as a possible mechanism for paraquat (methyl viologen) toxicity.


Proceedings: Influence of dibutyryl cyclic AMP on the K+-contracture of guinea-pig trachea.


Inactivation of Sabin oral poliomyelitis type I virus.


Proceedings: Changes of the level of cyclic AMP in carrageenin granuloma.


Proceedings: Electrophysiological studies on adenyl cyclase-cyclic AMP system in the fat cell membrane.


Proceedings: Thiamine metabolism in the central nervous system. 2. Effects of psychotropic drugs on rat brain thiamine di- and tri-phosphatase.


Proceedings: Influence of the nucleus dorsalis on neuron activities of the spinal trigeminal nucleus.


Proceedings: Relation between hyperkalemia and hyperglycemia. 9.


Proceedings: Effects of ATP on sympathetic ganglia from bullfrog.


Proceedings: Biochemical studies on the mechanism of action of a new anti-inflammatory agent, naproxen. 2. Effects of naproxen on mucopolysaccharase, protease and collagenolytic enzyme activities in inflamed tissues of filter paper-implanted rats.


Polyamines in normal and in virus-transformed chick embryo fibroblasts.


Ocular findings in leprosy.

Ocular findings in leprosy.


Trial of a bacterial screening system for rapid detection of mutagens and carcinogens.


Neurotoxicity of commonly used antineoplastic agents (second of two parts).


Cytomegalovirus in semen. Persistence and demonstration in extracellular fluids.


Letter: Implications of cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate in chronic renal failure.


Pneumonia in an intensive care unit. A 30-month experience.


Esophageal varices. Development secondary to primary and metastatic liver tumors.


Letter: Gentamicin-resistant escherichia coli.


Subcellular localization of staphylococcal enterotoxin B in rabbit kidney.


Physicochemical properties of plasma renin substrate in normal, binephrectomized, and estrogen-treated rats.


Effect of cyclic AMP, caffeine and theophylline on differentiation of lens epithelial cells.


Some observations on spontaneously occurring tumours of the central nervous system of Sprague-Dawley derived rats.


Pressor substances in the posthemodialysis dialysates of patients with toxemia of pregnancy.


Rous sarcoma virus-transformed hamster tumor cells resistant to 5-bromodeoxyuridine.


Relationship between hydration and proton nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation times in tissues of tumor-bearing and non-tumor-bearing mice: implications for cancer detection.


Adult and embryonic gecko cells in vitro: growth characteristics, infection by rabies, sindbis and polyoma viruses, and transformation by SV40.


Structure-function relationships in phosphoinositides.


Biochemical changes in cottonseed during germination.


Extraction and production of renin and angiotensin II across several vascular beds in dogs.


Vestibulospinal effects on hindlimb motoneurons of the frog.


Hormonally enhanced proliferation of human breast cancer in organ culture. An in vitro system for assessment of specific hormonal response.


Radiologic assessment of the facial nerve.


Dibutyryl cyclic 3':5'-adenosine monphosphate in hypopituitarism and Silver-Russell syndrome.


Laboratory recognition of coronary artery disease (with a review of the surgical treatment).


Radioimmunoassays.

Radioimmunoassays.


Exercise after myocardial infarction.

Exercise after myocardial infarction.


Hypothesis: hypothalamic dysfunction and lipoatrophic diabetes.


Avian tumor virus RNA: a comparison of three sarcoma viruses and their transformation-defective derivatives by oligonucleotide fingerprinting and DNA-RNA hybridization. Earlier electrophoretic analyses have shown that the 60-70S RNA of avian sarcoma viruses contains a characteristic subunit, termed class a subunit, which has a lower electrophoretic mobility than class b subunit found in transformation-defective derivatives of sarcoma viruses and in avian leukosis viruses. We have compared the RNAs of three nondefective avian sarcoma viruses, B77 and Prague and Schmidt-Ruppin strains of Rous sarcoma virus, with those of their transformation-defective (td) derivatives, td B77, td PR-C, and td SR-A, respectively, to determine the chemical basis for the difference between class a and b subunits. It was found by "fingerprinting" that (1) all (about 20-25) large T1 RNase-resistant oligonucleotides present in class b subunits of transformation-defective viruses have homologous counterparts in the class a subunits of corresponding nondefective sarcoma viruses and that (2) class a subunits contain a few (one or two) additional oligonucleotides that are not present in class b. By contrast the oligonucleotide fingerprints of avian tumor viruses of different strains and subgroups were very different.Cross hybridization of classes a and b RNA of sarcoma virus B77 with DNA transcribed from a corresponding transformation-defective virus td B77 showed that the two RNAs share at least 60% and differ by about 10% of their sequences. It is suggested that the structural relationship of class a and b subunits of corresponding viruses may be expressed as a = b + x, and that all the oligonucleotides present only in RNAs of sarcoma viruses but not in transformation-defective viruses of the corresponding strains are part of sequence(s) x. The possibility that x represents genetic information directly or indirectly involved in transformation of fibroblasts is discussed.


Growth-and density-dependent inhibition of deoxyglucose transport in Balb 3T3 cells and its absence in cells transformed by murine sarcoma virus. The earliest measurable parameter that shows density-dependent inhibition is the uptake of [(3)H]deoxyglucose by Balb 3T3 cells. The rate decreases even during the exponential phase of growth and reaches a minimum, about 8- to 10-times lower than maximum, as the culture approaches the saturation density. Cells transformed by murine sarcoma virus fail to show either growth-dependent or density-dependent inhibition of deoxyglucose uptake. Treatment with dibutyryl cyclic AMP in the presence of theophylline results in premature cessation of growth and in an arrest in the decline of deoxyglucose transport. Culture in serum-deficient medium also produces rapid inhibition of growth at low cell density, but these cultures exhibit a markedly decreased rate of deoxyglucose uptake.


Effect of ADP-induced shape change on incorporation of 32P into platelet phosphatidic acid and mono-, di- and triphosphatidyl inositol.


Guanosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate and the action of insulin and acetylcholine. Low concentrations of insulin (120 muunits/ml) and of carbamylcholine (1 muM) increase cyclic GMP content in isolated fat cells by 350%. The maximal amount of cyclic GMP, achieved within 2 min after addition of insulin or carbamylcholine, falls rapidly for insulin and much more slowly for carbamylcholine. 10 pM Acetylcholine can also augment the content of fat-cell cyclic GMP, but by 5 min (37 degrees ) the amount falls to that of unstimulated cells. Atropine abolishes the effects of carbamylcholine and acetylcholine but does not modify that of insulin, indicating that the ability of insulin to regulate cyclic GMP levels is not mediated by cholinergic receptors. Insulin and carbamylcholine increase the concentration of cyclic GMP in rat-liver slices by 400%; the effects of both agents occur rapidly and are relatively transient. Insulin does not alter cyclic GMP concentrations in purified human peripheral lymphocytes or in rat-spleen lymphocytes, cells which possess few insulin receptors and which are insensitive to the metabolic effects of the hormone. Carbamylcholine, however, causes a substantial increase in the cyclic GMP content of these lymphocytes. The data support the view that close and reciprocal relationships may exist between the concentrations and actions of cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP, as well as between the enzymes responsible for biosynthesis and degradation of these nucleotides.


Toxic proteins produced by Clostridium botulinum.


Letter: Status report: feline leukemia.

Letter: Status report: feline leukemia.


The biogenesis of mitochondria in Neurospora crassa: ultrastructural changes induced by nutrients.


Physical compatibility and chemical stability of cephapirin sodium in combination with antibiotics and large-volume parenteral solutions. I.


An ultrastructural study of the first cleavage of Xenopus embryos.


Conjunctivitis. Differential diagnosis and treatment.


Invisible glomus tumor.

Invisible glomus tumor.


Homology between human breast tumour RNA and mouse mammary tumour virus genome.


Tumours of the nervous system in the African in Eritrea (Ethiopia).


Fine structure and cytochemistry of testicular cells in men treated with testosterone propionate.


Serological characterization of the three major proteins of vesicular stomatitis virus. The three major proteins of vesicular stomatitis virus-Indiana, glycoprotein (G), nucleoprotein (N), and membrane protein (M), were isolated and characterized by means of specific monocomponent antisera. G, N, and M proteins are distinct, nonrelated antigens with specific serological properties. The G protein is the only antigen inducing the formation of virus-neutralizing antibodies and was shown to confer immunity to mice. Specific complement-fixing and precipitating activity was demonstrated for each of the three antisera. The future use of isolated rhabdovirus components and of monospecific antisera is considered for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes as well as for virus strain differentiation and classification work.