Insulin secretion during hemorrhagic shock in dogs.


A new technique of counting ( 32 P) phospholipids in liquid scintillation counter without added scintillator.


The electron spin resonance spectra of radical intermediates in the oxidation of ascorbic acid and related substances.


Interactions of divalent metal ions with inorganic and nucleoside phosphates. II. Kinetics of magnesium(II) with HP 3 O 10  4- ,ATP, CTP, HP 2 O 7  3- , ADP, and CDP.


Isolation and reactivation of the axostyle. Evidence for a dynein-like ATPase in the axostyle. The contractile axostyle is a ribbon-shaped organelle present in certain species of flagellates found in the hindgut of wood eating insects. This organelle propagates an undulatory wave whose motion, like flagella and cilia, is related to microtubules. Unlike the axoneme of cilia and flagella, however, the axostyle is composed of singlet microtubules linked together in parallel rows. Axostyles were isolated from Cryptocercus gut protozoa with Triton X-100. Normal motility of the isolated axostyle could be restored with adenosine triphosphate (ATP); the specific conditions necessary for this reactivation were essentially identical with those reported for the reactivation of isolated flagella or whole sperm. ATPase activity of the isolated axostyle was comparable to the values reported for ciliary or flagellar axonemes. The axostyle was reasonably specific for ATP. Most of the proteins of the isolated axostyle comigrated with proteins of the ciliary axoneme on sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) polyacrylamide gels (i e. equivalent molecular weights). These included the following: the higher molecular weight component of dynein, tubulin, linkage protein (nexin), and various secondary proteins. Evidence for dynein in the axostyle is presented and a model proposed to explain how repeated propagated waves can be generated.


Regulation of protein synthesis in the venom gland of viperid snakes. Morphological changes in the venom gland of V. ammodytes were studied after the removal of the venom from the gland lumina (milking) It was found that the height of the secretory cells was changed during the secretory cycle. The patterns of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and of the Golgi complex were changed as well Milking induced an increased incorporation of [(14)C]amino acids into total and venom proteins In V ammodytes, during the first day after milking, 25% of the total counts in protein were precipitable by anti-venom serum, while at 8 days, 80% of the proteins synthesized were venom proteins At this stage, the incorporation was 10- and 20-fold that of unmilked glands for total and venom proteins, respectively. Venom was accumulated (secreted) in the gland lumina of V. ammodytes at a relatively high rate up to 2 wk after milking and leveled off afterwards. Intact glands and gland slices of V ammodytes and V palaestinae, taken from snakes a few days after milking, incorporated [(14)C]amino acids into proteins in vitro at a rate higher than that of unmilked glands. The activity of two exportable enzymes (phosphodiesterase and benzoyl arginyl ethyl esterase) was assayed in gland homogenates of V. ammodytes. It was found that 2-3 wk after milking, the intracellular level of these enzymes was up to 2-fold that of unmilked glands.


An improved cell fractionation procedure for the preparation of rat liver membrane-bound ribosomes. A cell fractionation procedure is described which allows the preparation from rat liver of a rough microsome population containing almost 50% of the membrane-bound ribosomes of the tissue. The fraction is not contaminated with free ribosomes or smooth microsomes, and, by various other criteria, is suitable for studies of ribosome-membrane interaction.


Single strand-containing replicating molecules of circular mitochondrial DNA. Mitochondrial DNAs (mtDNAs) from Chang rat solid hepatomas and Novikoff rat ascites hepatomas were examined in the electron microscope after preparation by the aqueous and by the formamide protein monolayer techniques. MtDNAs from both tumors were found to include double-forked circular molecules with a form and size suggesting they were replicative intermediates. These molecules were of two classes. In molecules of one class, all three segments were apparently totally double stranded. Molecules of the second class were distinguished by the fact that one of the segments spanning the region between the forks in which replication had occurred (the daughter segments) was either totally single stranded, or contained a single-stranded region associated with one of the forks. Daughter segments of both totally double-stranded and single strand-containing replicating molecules varied in length from about 3 to about 80% of the circular contour length of the molecule. Similar classes of replicating molecules were found in mtDNA from regenerating rat liver and chick embryos, indicating them to be normal intermediates in the replication of mtDNA All of the mtDNAs examined included partially single-stranded simple (nonforked) circular molecules. A possible scheme for the replication of mtDNA is presented, based on the different molecular forms observed


Adenine nucleotide-induced contraction of the inner mitochondrial membrane. I. General characterization. The inner membranes of isolated bovine heart mitochondria undergo pronounced contraction upon being exposed to exogenous adenosine diphosphate (ADP), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and certain other high-energy phosphate compounds. Contraction results in decrease of inner membrane expanse which in turn results in decrease of intracristal space and increase of mitochondrial optical density (OD). The magnitude of the OD change appears to be proportional to the degree of contraction Half-maximal contraction can be achieved with ADP or ATP at concentrations as low as about 0 3 microM. Atractyloside at concentrations as low as about 1.2 nmol/mg mitochondrial protein completely inhibits the contraction. It is concluded from these and other observations that inner membrane contraction occurs as a result of adenine nucleotide binding to the carrier involved in the exchange of adenine nucleotides across the inner mitochondrial membrane.


Adenine nucleotide-induced contraction on the inner mitochondrial membrane. II. Effect of bongkrekic acid. In bovine heart mitochondria bongkrekic acid at concentrations as low as about 4 nmol/mg protein (a) completely inhibits phosphorylation of exogenous adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and dephosphorylation of exogenous adenosine triphosphate (ATP), (b) completely reverses atractyloside inhibition of inner membrane contraction induced by exogenous adenine nucleotides, and (c) decreases the amount of adenine nucleotide required to elicit maximal exogenous adenine nucleotide-induced inner membrane contraction to a level which appears to correspond closely with the concentration of contractile, exogenous adenine nucleotide binding sites Bongkrekic acid at concentrations greater than 4 nmol/mg protein induces inner membrane contraction which seems to depend on the presence of endogenous ADP and/or ATP. The findings appear to be consistent with the interpretations (a) that the inner mitochondrial membrane contains two types of contractile, adenine nucleotide binding sites, (b) that the two sites differ markedly with regard to adenine nucleotide affinity, (c) that the high affinity site is identical with the adenine nucleotide exchange carrier, (d) that the low affinity site is accessible exclusively to endogenous adenine nucleotides and is largely unoccupied in the absence of bongkrekic acid, and (e) that bongkrekic acid increases the affinity of both sites in proportion to the amount of the antibiotic bound to the inner membrane.


Role of the cerebellum in the control of gastro-intestinal motility.


Effects of p-chlorophenylalanine and a monoamine oxidase inhibitor on the 5-hydroxytryptamine in the spinal cord and transection.


Reovirus-induced aqueductal stenosis in hamsters. Phase contrast and electron microscopic studies.


Disorders of growth hormone and corticotropin regulation in patients with empty sella.


The induction of thrombosis in guinea pigs by a brain tumor.


Storage of catecholamines in neuroblastoma and ganglioneuroma. A biochemical, immunologic, and morphologic study.


Neuropathic arthropathy (Charcot forefeet) in alcoholics.


REM sleep and central monoamine oxidase inhibition.


Observations on roentgen features of benign and malignant gastric ulcers.


Osteoclasts and their relationship to bone as studied by electron microscopy.


Cytoplasmic vacuoles and bodies of the osteoclast. An electron microscope study.


Regional differentiation of the axon: a review with special reference to the concept of the multiplex neuron.


The ultrastructure of oösorption in Locusta migratoria migratorioides.


Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: report of a case.


Isolation and classification of feline picornavirus and herpesvirus in Denmark.


Theophylline-induced hypocalcemia in sheep.


Response patterns of single units in the olfactory bulb of the rat to odor.


Repetitive firing in dorsal spinocerebellar tract neurones.


Roentgenologic changes in hypothyroidism (a study of 40 cases).


Tissue culture of rat adult decapsulated adrenal glands. A methodological, ultrastructural and morphometric investigation.


Pathogenesis of hypocalcemia in primary hypomagnesemia: normal end-organ responsiveness to parathyroid hormone, impaired parathyroid gland function. Hypocalcemia is a frequent feature of hypomagnesemia in man and several other species. To elucidate the cause of this hypocalcemia, we have studied a child with primary hypomagnesemia and secondary hypocalcemia during magnesium supplementation when he was normomagnesemic and normocalcemic and after magnesium restriction for 16 days when he quickly became hypomagnesemic (0.5 meq/liter) and hypocalcemic (3.4 meq/liter) and had positive Chvostek's and Trousseau's signs. Whether in the normomagnesemic or hypomagnesemic state, intravenous bovine parathyroid extract (PTE) 8 U. S. P. U/kg promptly caused transient increases in the urinary phosphate excretion, renal phosphate clearance and cyclic AMP excretion. The magnitudes of these responses were similar in the two states, and similar to those observed in a hypoparathyroid patient. When the patient was hypomagnesemic and hypocalcemic, intramuscular PTE, 8 U/kg at 8-h intervals for four doses promptly caused hypercalcemia. The findings indicate that the end-organs were responsive to parathyroid hormone. The concentrations of serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) were normal in the normomagnesemic state ranging from 0.15 ng/ml to 0.40 ng/ml. Serum PTH did not increase in the hypomagnesemic state in spite of hypocalcemia. Indeed, PTH became unmeasurable in four consecutive samples at the end of the period of magnesium restriction. The concentrations of serum calcitonin remained unmeasurable (< 0.10 ng/ml) throughout the study, implying that excess calcitonin was not the cause of hypocalcemia in magnesium depletion. The findings in this study support our thesis that magnesium depletion causes impaired synthesis or secretion of parathyroid hormone. This impairment would account for the hypocalcemia observed in the hypomagnesemic state.


Interchange of apolipoproteins between chylomicrons and high density lipoproteins during alimentary lipemia in man. Apolipoproteins of the "C" group in human blood plasma, which contain the activator of the lipoprotein lipase-substrate interaction, were found to be transferred specifically from serum to phospholipid-stabilized fat emulsion. Content and distribution of apoprotein activator were measured in healthy men in the postabsorptive state and 4 h after ingestion of meals containing 100 g fat. Content of activator protein in whole serum did not change after ingestion of the fat-rich meals but that contained in triglyceride-rich lipoproteins of density (d) <1.006 approximately doubled whereas that of high density lipoproteins fell by half. The increased activator content of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins was virtually confined to chylomicrons and its concentration in chylomicron apoprotein was substantially greater than that in very low density lipoproteins. This difference could be ascribed largely to a higher content of C apoproteins in chylomicron protein since both the concentration of C apoproteins and of apoprotein activator were directly proportional to particle diameter while the pattern of fast-migrating C apoproteins in polyacrylamide gels was similar among chylomicrons and subfractions of very low density lipoproteins. Apparent concentration of activator protein was much greater in the high density lipoprotein subfraction of d 1.063-1.125 than in the subfraction of d 1.125-1.21. In the subfraction of d 1.063-1.125, the concentration of activator protein and of fast-migrating C apoproteins in polyacrylamide gels decreased after the fat-rich meal. Concentration of phospholipids in this fraction increased gradually to a peak 43% above the basal value 6 h after the meal. The results obtained demonstrate that high density lipoproteins contribute certain functionally important polar constituents to chylomicrons during alimentary lipemia in man and suggest that they also receive surface constituents from chylomicrons during the course of their metabolism.


Estrogen receptors in human breast cancer. Specific quantitative techniques have been used to measure the cytoplasmic estradiol-binding protein (EBP) in human mammary carcinoma tissue specimens. Sucrose gradient centrifugation reveals EBP to sediment at 8S and 4S. Variable quantities of non-specific estradiol binding occurs in the 4S region of the sucrose gradient necessitating controls to insure specificity of the estradiol protein interaction. Using dextran-coated charcoal to separate bound from free estradiol Scatchard analysis finds the dissociation constant of the estradiol EBP interaction to be approximately 2.6x10(-10) M, indicative of the very high affinity of the ligand for the EBP. Quantitation of EBP sites in 64 primary and metastatic human breast tumors demonstrates a continuous spectrum of values from 0 to 612 fmol per mg of cytoplasmic protein. Specific 8S binding in the sucrose gradient centrifugation was not detected in specimens containing less than 9.0 fmol EBP per mg cytoplasmic protein. Since data from animal breast tumors and preliminary evidence from human breast tumors indicates an excellent correlation between the presence of abundant tumor EBP and endocrine-induced breast cancer regressions, precise quantitation of EBP in all human primary tumors may prove to be an excellent prognosticator of endocrine therapy in metastatic breast cancer.


Pseudopodia formation by secretory granules.


Characteristics of two strains of avian sarcoma virus B77.


Cyclic adenosine monophosphate-mediated stabilization of mouse neuroblastoma cell neuritis microtubules exposed to low temperature.


Clonal analysis of RBI rat tumour cells producing chicken sarcoma virus.


On the presence of ribosome-like particles in avian myeloblastosis virions (AMV) and unusual ultrastructure of their nucleoid.


Toward control of tumour and virus growth by helical RNA. I. Effect of poly I:C on tumour transplantation resistance in animals bearing tumours of viral and non-viral origin.


Different tumorigenicity of avian RNA sarcoma viruses for some mammalian species.


Polynucleotidases in mouse ascitic tumour cells.


Inactivation of papovavirus SV 40 by cis-dichlorodiammine platinum(II).


Non beta cell tumors of the pancreas. A review with report of four cases.


Effects of norepinephrine, angiotensin, dihydroergotamine, papaverine, isoproterenol, histamine, nicotinic acid, and xanthinol nicotinate on retinal oxygen tension in cats.


Enzyme activity patterns in gas gland tissue of the swimbladder of the cod (Gadus morrhua).


The development of lipolytic sensitivity in the isolated fat cells of Gallus domesticus during the foetal and neonatal period.


Enzyme markers: their linkage with proteins and use in immuno-histochemistry.


Potentiation of phenothiazines by  -methyltyrosine in treatment of chronic schizophrenia.


Cytomegalovirus infection in a newborn dizygous twin.


Effect of methionine on liver lipid content and lipid metabolism of rats fed a protein-free diet.


Wilms' tumor in the newborn period.

Wilms' tumor in the newborn period.


Mechanism of noradrenaline action in cat cerebral cortex.


Discontinuous DNA replication in vitro. I. Two distinct size classes of intermediates.


Size requirement of polyinosinic acid for DNA synthesis, viral resistance, and increased survival of leukaemic mice.


Regulation of normal and leukaemic lymphocyte transformation and recirculation by sodium periodate oxidation and sodium borohydride reduction.


Photoreaction of FMN-tricine and its participation in photophosphorylation.


Characterisation of staphylococci isolated from poultry.


Intestinal alkaline phosphatase and phytase of chicks: effect of dietary magnesium, calcium, phosphorus and thyroactive casein.


The effect of vitamin A on tumour development and regression in chickens infected with Marek's disease and Rous sarcoma virus.


Properties of chick intestinal phytase.

Properties of chick intestinal phytase.


Electron microscopic study on nuclear changes in multiple sclerosis brain biopsies.


On the phosphorylation of Escherichia coli ribosomes. II. Reaction in cell-free system.


Electron microscopic studies of rabbit central and peripheral nervous system in experimental Borna disease.


Effect of TOCP poisoning on the Pacinian corpuscles of slow loris.


Age determination of swine foetuses.

Age determination of swine foetuses.


Aspergillosis complicating neoplastic disease.


Recent contributions to the study of diabetic angiopathy and neuropathy.


Low molecular weight glycogen as a cause of generalized glycogen storage disease.


Unilateral total renal dysplasia in children.


Disappearance of disseminated pancreatic carcinoma with combined chemotherapy.


Angiotensin-receptor interaction: influence of pH on angiotensin inhibition by Phe 4 -Tyr 8 -angiotensin II in rat uterine smooth muscle.


Factors affecting cholesterol esterase and cholesterol side-chain-cleavage activities in rat adrenal.


The synthesis of beta corticotrophin-(1-24)-tetracosapeptide (synacthen) of high specific radioactivity.


Observations on the fate of adrenocorticotrophin in isolated rat adrenal-cell suspensions and the separation of an enriched adrenocorticotrophin-sensitive steroidogenic cell fraction.


Structure-activity relations for the nicotinamide-adenine-dinucleotide-linked 3-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase activity of cortisone reductase with special reference to the ring A-B junction and ring D.


Structure-activity relations for the nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide-linked 20beta-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase activity of cortisone reductase with special reference to ring B.


Insulin release from mouse islets. Effect of glucose and hormones on adenylate cyclase. The adenylate cyclase system of normal mouse islets was characterized. The pH optimum of the system was 7.6. The enzyme preparation contained particulate phosphodiesterase activity. This could be removed by treatment with 0.4% (v/v) Triton X-100 or inhibited by 8mm-theophylline in the presence of 2mm-cyclic AMP (adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate). ATP at 0.32mm produced one-half maximal enzyme activity. The enzyme was stimulated in the presence of F(-) and strongly inhibited by Ca(2+). The isolated enzyme retained hormonal sensitivity and was stimulated by glucagon, pancreozymin and secretin at physiological concentrations. Glucose at 17mm, 8mm and 2mm had no direct effect on the activity of the enzyme; neither did galactose at the same concentrations. Groups of islets incubated in 17mm- or 2mm-glucose for 5 or 15min and then homogenized and assayed for adenylate cyclase activity showed no differences in adenylate cyclase activity. The results suggest that the mechanism of glucose-mediated insulin release is not via the adenylate cyclase system. Hormones, however, could mediate insulin secretion via their effects on the adenylate cyclase system.


Microbial metabolism of alkylbenzene sulphonates. Bacterial metabolism of undecylbenzene-p-sulphonate and dodecylbenzene-p-sulphonate. 1. A study was made of the biodegradation of alkylbenzene sulphonate homologues, one of the major components of commercially marketed detergents. A Bacillus species was elected for growth on alkylbenzene sulphonate homologues as the sole source of carbon and sulphur. 2. The results from both whole-cell and cell-free systems indicated that the alkyl, aryl and sulphonate moieties of alkylbenzene sulphonate homologues were all further metabolized by the Bacillus species. 3. The alkyl side chain, after a presumed initial oxidation of the terminal methyl group, was subsequently oxidized by a beta-oxidation pathway. Three enzymes of the beta-oxidation pathway, i.e. acyl-CoA synthetase, acyl-CoA dehydrogenase and beta-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, were identified in cell-free extracts of the detergent-grown Bacillus species. The substrate specificity of acyl-CoA synthetase indicated activity towards several alkylbenzene sulphonate homologues. 4. The sulphonate moiety was released as sulphite by a desulphonating enzyme. Some kinetic properties of this enzyme were determined. The sulphite was subsequently metabolized to either sulphate or adenosine 5'-sulphatophosphate. Two enzymes involved in sulphite metabolism, i.e. sulphite-cytochrome c reductase and adenosine 5'-sulphatophosphate-cytochrome c reductase were detected in cell-free extracts of undecylbenzene-p-sulphonate-grown Bacillus species. 5. The combined results of continuous sampling programmes monitored by both t.l.c. and sulphite appearance in the growth medium indicated that desulphonation of the aromatic moiety was the likely first step in the overall biodegradation of several alkylbenzene sulphonate homologues. 6. The presence of p-hydroxyphenylpropionate, p-hydroxybenzoate and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate in cells after growth on several alkylbenzene sulphonate homologues containing an odd number of carbon atoms in the side chain was confirmed by g.l.c. and t.l.c. analysis. Cells grown on several homologues containing an even number of carbon atoms in the side chain were shown to contain p-hydroxyphenylacetate and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate. 7. The aromatic nucleus obtained from undecylbenzene-p-sulphonate was further metabolized by an oxidation sequence involving an ;ortho-cleavage' route. 8. An overall metabolic pathway for the biodegradation of various alkylbenzene sulphonate homologues by this Bacillus species is proposed.


The role of histidine residues in glutamate dehydrogenase. 1. Glutamate dehydrogenase was subject to rapid inactivation when irradiated in the presence of Rose Bengal or incubated in the presence of ethoxyformic anhydride. 2. Inactivation in the presence of Rose Bengal led to the photo-oxidation of four histidine residues. Oxidation of three histidine residues had little effect on enzyme activity, but oxidation of the fourth residue led to the almost total loss of activity. 3. Acylation of glutamate dehydrogenase with ethoxyformic anhydride at pH6.1 led to the modification of three histidine residues with a corresponding loss of half the original activity. Acylation at pH7.5 led to the modification of two histidine residues and a total loss of enzyme activity. 4. One of the histidine residues undergoing reaction at pH6.1 also undergoes reaction at pH7.5. 5. The presence of either glutamate or NAD(+) in the reaction mixtures at pH6.1 had no appreciable effect. At pH7.5 glutamate caused a marked decrease in both the degree of alkylation and degree of inactivation. NAD(+) had no effect on the degree of inactivation at pH7.5 but did modify the extent of acylation. 6. The normal response of the enzyme towards ADP was unaffected by acylation at pH6.1 or 7.5. 7. The normal response of the enzyme towards GTP was altered by treatment at both pH6.1 and 7.5.


The mode of adrenocorticotrophin action in stimulating steroidogenesis: the obligatory role of adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate and the involvement of rapidly-turning-over protein.


The location of adrenocorticotrophin receptors in the adrenal cortex.


Studies on the light-dependent synthesis of inorganic pyrophosphate by Rhodospirillum rubrum chromatophores. Characteristics of inorganic pyrophosphate synthesis from inorganic orthophosphate were examined in chromatophores of Rhodospirillum rubrum. The application of an ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase-trapping system has shown in an unequivocal fashion that pyrophosphate is a product of a light-dependent reaction utilizing P(i) as the substrate. Only very limited pyrophosphate synthesis takes place in the dark. The rates of synthesis of both ATP and pyrophosphate were studied under conditions in which the membrane-bound adenosine triphosphatase and pyrophosphatase activities would normally make these substances unstable. The maximum rate of pyrophosphate synthesis was 25% of that for ATP synthesis, with maximum activation of pyrophosphate synthesis occurring at a lower light-intensity than that required for ATP synthesis. As a result, at low light-intensity the rate of pyrophosphate formation approached that of ATP. Maximal rates of synthesis of both pyrophosphate and ATP were attained only on the addition of an exogenous reducing agent. Conditions for optimum pyrophosphate synthesis required about one-half of the concentration of the reductant required for maximum ATP synthesis. Consistent with previous reports, oligomycin inhibited ATP synthesis, but had little influence on the rate of pyrophosphate synthesis. In membrane particles that retained pyrophosphatase activity but were treated to remove adenosine triphosphatase activity and the ability to photophosphorylate ADP, oligomycin stimulated light-dependent pyrophosphate synthesis by nearly 250%. The influence of Mg(2+) concentration, pH and various inhibitors and uncouplers on pyrophosphate synthesis was studied. The results are discussed with respect to the mechanism and function of electron-transport-coupled energy conservation in R. rubrum chromatophores.


The effect of adrenocorticotrophin in vivo on pregnenolone synthesis by adrenal mitochondria.


The I-O-galactosylceramide fatty acid esters from hog stomach.


Metabolism of prostaglandin F 1   in the guinea pig.


The effects on cytochrome b-559HP and P546 of treatments that inhibit oxygen evolution by chloroplasts.


Oxidative phosphorylation in yeast. X. Phosphorylation ability of mutants deficient in cytochromes a and b.


Conformation changes in cytochrome oxidase as studied by sedimentation difference.


Solubilization and purification of cytochrome   1  from Nitrosomonas.


Biochemical and biophysical studies on cytochrome aa 3 . IX. Reaction of cytochrome aa 3  with hydrazine.


Some peculiarities of the steady-state kinetics of electron transfer in submitochondrial particles. A kinetic model based on the idea of activation on the respiratory chain induced by electron transfer.


Reduction and oxidation of longer-wavelength cytochrome b (b 566 ) in rat liver mitochondria under the influence of external oxidants.


Phenytoin treatment of thalamic pain.

Phenytoin treatment of thalamic pain.


Anticholinergic action of aminophylline in isolated guinea-pig atria.


Studies on the mechanism of activation and deactivation of histidine decarboxylase.


Effects of a carbodiimide on neuromuscular transmission in frog.


Mechanism of noradrenaline depression of cortical neurones: a species comparison.


Lysosomal hydrolase alterations in the postphagocytic liver.


Intestinal helminths in inbred strains of mice.


Methods of anesthesia in nonhuman primates.


Demonstration of adenosin 3',5'-monophosphate dependent protein-phosphokinase in human platelets.


The pathology and pathogenesis of Bordetella bronchiseptica and Pasteurella pneumotropica infection in conventional and germfree rats.


Pulmonary function measurements of large animals using the capacitance respirometer.


An evaluation of the effects of various degrees of long-term confinement on adult beagle dogs.


Dissociative anesthesia in dogs and primates: clinical evaluation of CI 744.


A diagnostic skin test for encephalitozoonosis (nosematosis) in rabbits.


Induced aortic insufficiency in the canine. The tearing of a semilunar cusp for the study of experimental endocarditis.


A restraint system for squirrel monkeys.


Induction of methoxyflurane anesthesia in the rabbit after ketamine hydrochloride and endotracheal intubation.


Design for a chronic right ventricular catheter for dogs.


Use of ketamine hybrochloride as an anesthetic in laboratory rabbits, rats, mice, and guinea pigs.


A safe and versatile rabbit restrainer.

A safe and versatile rabbit restrainer.


Nymphal Porocephalus clavatus in the brain of a squirrel monkey, Saimiri sciureus.


Traumatic pericarditis in a miniature pig.


A method of bandaging queens to prevent nursing by newborn kittens until blood samples are collected.


A versatile liquid diet for nonhuman primates.


Scleral dermoid in a guinea pig.

Scleral dermoid in a guinea pig.


A simple apparatus for inducing and maintaining halothane anesthesia of the rabbit.


A mixture for chemical restraint in the dog.


The effect of non-nicotinic drugs on the cat's adrenal medulla during block by nicotine.


Effects of some inhibitors of phosphodiesterase on neuromuscular transmission.


Calcium metabolism in tumors--its relationship with chromium complex accumulation. V. The interaction nucleic acid-calcium and the calcification of tumors.


Genetic control of susceptibility to the avian leukosis complex. I. The leukosis-sarcoma virus group.


Erythrocyte lipids in childhood.

Erythrocyte lipids in childhood.


Changes in fowl plasma  -lipoproteins caused by starvation.


Cortisol, growth hormone response, and pain following tetracosactrin depot and ACTH gel.


Independent effects of maternal age and birth order on the incidence of selected congenital malformations. Incidence rates, specific for maternal age and birth order, were calculated for 16 categories of congenital malformations reported on birth certificates from a population of more than 8 million registered, white, single livebirths.  With maternal age held constant, none of the malformations showed increasing incidence as birth order increased.  Hypospadias, esophageal defects, omphalocele, and Down syndrome showed evidence of decreasing incidence as birth order increased.  Some of the other malformation categories showed an excess of 1st births in most age groups, while no relation to birth order was observed in the incidence of other malformations.  By contrast, most of the malformations analyzed exhibited increasing incidence as maternal age increased.  Especially high rates of several malformations were observed among 1st births to women over age 40.


The production of congenital malformations using tissue antisera. XI. Antisera to acellular visceral yolk sac.


Malignant tumors arising de novo in immunosuppressed organ transplant recipients.


A method for aging the female Os pubis.

A method for aging the female Os pubis.


Seroepidemiologic studies of herpesvirus type 2 and carcinoma of the cervix. 3. Houston, Texas.


Misapplication to females of the standard for aging the male Os pubis.


The in vivo development of the hamster periodontium and implications for the chin's evolution.


Lansing man: a half century later.

Lansing man: a half century later.


Individualized predictive index for cancer of the rectum and colon.


Tubular apocrine adenoma.

Tubular apocrine adenoma.


Defects and deficiency of adenyl cyclase in psoriatic skin.


Surface characteristics of SV40 transformed transplantable and non-transplantable mouse cells.


Comparison of mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal ribonucleic acid from different species. Mitochondrial ribosomal RNA species from mouse L cells, rat liver, rat hepatoma, hamster BHK-21 cells and human KB cells were examined by electrophoresis on polyacrylamide-agarose gels and sedimentation in sucrose density gradients. The S(E) (electrophoretic mobility) and S values of mitochondrial rRNA of all species were highly dependent on temperature and ionic strength of the medium; the S(E) values increased and the S values decreased with an increase in temperature at a low ionic strength. At an ionic strength of 0.3 at 23-25 degrees C or an ionic strength of 0.01 at 3-4 degrees C the S and S(E) values were almost the same being about 16.2-18.0 and 12.3-13.6 for human and mouse mitochondrial rRNA. The molecular weights under these conditions were calculated to be 3.8x10(5)-4.3x10(5) and 5.9x10(5)-6.8x10(5), depending on the technique used. At 25 degrees C in buffers of low ionic strength mouse mitochondrial rRNA species had a lower electrophoretic mobility than those of human and hamster. Under these conditions the smaller mitochondrial rRNA species of hamster had a lower electrophoretic mobility than that of human but the larger component had an identical mobility. Mouse and rat mitochondrial rRNA species had identical electrophoretic mobilities. Complex differences between human and mouse mitochondrial rRNA species were observed on sedimentation in sucrose density gradients under various conditions of temperature and ionic strength. Mouse L-cell mitochondrial rRNA was eluted after cytoplasmic rRNA on a column of methylated albumin-kieselguhr.


The utilization of iron and its complexes by mammalian mitochondria. Sonicated mitochondria catalyse the reduction of ferric salts, and the subsequent incorporation of Fe(2+) into haem, when provided with a reducing substrate such as succinate or NADH. The rate of haem synthesis was low under aerobic conditions and, after a short lag period, accelerated once anaerobic conditions were achieved; it was insensitive to antimycin A. The lag period was decreased by preincubating the mitochondria with NADH and Fe(3+). Newly formed Fe(2+) was autoxidized rapidly and the consequent O(2) uptake was measured with an oxygen electrode to determine the rate of enzymic formation of Fe(2+) from FeCl(3); this reaction was rapid in sonicated mitochondria provided with NADH or succinate and was insensitive to antimycin A. The reaction was very slow in intact mitochondria, suggesting a permeability barrier to Fe(3+) ions. This system was used to test the permeability of the mitochondrial membrane to various iron complexes of biological importance. Of the compounds tested only ferrioxamine G appeared to penetrate readily and the iron of this complex was reduced when intact mitochondria were supplied with succinate or NADH-linked substrates. The reduction was insensitive to rotenone or antimycin A. Both ferrioxamine G and ferrioxamine B were, however, reduced by particles. The membrane fraction of sonicated mitochondria was necessary for the reduction. The rate of ferrioxamine B reduction by sonicated mitochondria was measured by a dual-wavelength spectrophotometric assay and was found to be stimulated in conditions where the Fe(2+) produced was utilized for haem synthesis. The addition of FeCl(3) to anaerobic particles caused an oxidation of cytochrome b when this region of the respiratory chain was isolated by treatment with rotenone and antimycin A. These results suggest that the reduction of ferric iron and its complexes occurs inside the inner mitochondrial membrane in proximity to ferrochelatase. Possible sites for this reduction are the flavoproteins, succinate and NADH dehydrogenase.


Coproporphyrinogenase activities in extracts of Rhodopseudomonas spheroides and Chromatium strain D. 1. The anaerobic coproporphyrinogenase activity in an extract of Rhodopseudomonas spheroides is inhibited by 1,10-phenanthroline, alphaalpha'-bipyridyl, flavins, 2,4-dinitrophenol and 1,4-naphthaquinone. These compounds have no effect on the aerobic coproporphyrinogenase activity. 2. On removal of small-molecular-weight material from a crude extract, the anaerobic system becomes very unstable; it can be stabilized by adding succinate. Now nicotinamide nucleotides, in addition to Mg(2+), ATP and methionine, are required for protoporphyrin to be formed. 3. A mechanism for the anaerobic reaction is proposed, based on the cofactor requirements and the effect of inhibitors. 4. The enzyme responsible for aerobic activity has been partially purified and some of its properties are reported. 5. A crude extract of Chromatium strain D also exhibits coproporphyrinogenase activity under anaerobic conditions in the presence of S-adenosylmethionine or ATP plus methionine. The requirement for other cofactors is variable.


The cytochromes of mitochondria from Tetrahymena pyriformis strain ST. 1. Mitochondria of the obligately aerobic ciliate protozoon, Tetrahymena pyriformis strain ST, are unusual in that they possess a cytochrome oxidase system that does not react with reduced mammalian cytochrome c; the presence of cytochromes a(603)+a(3) is masked in the alpha-band region of spectra by the broad absorption band of cytochrome a(620). 2. Other haemoproteins present include cytochromes b(560), b(556), c(553) and c(549). 3. The reaction of reduced cytochrome a(3) with CO is reversed by flash photolysis, and in the presence of O(2) the subsequent oxidation of this cytochrome is followed by that of cytochrome a(603). 4. Cytochromes a(620) and b(560) also react with CO and with KCN; the latter cytochrome corresponds with that designated cytochrome o by other workers. 5. The contribution of cytochrome a(603) to difference spectra is revealed by making use of the fact that it does not react with KCN. 6. Cytochrome a(620) is unstable, and its alpha-absorption band is lost from spectra of mitochondria which have been aged or treated with ultrasound, detergents or organic solvents. 7. Possible pathways of electron transport via the several different terminal oxidases in Tetrahymena mitochondria are proposed.


The regulation of glyceride synthesis in isolated white-fat cells. The effects of palmitate and lipolytic agents. 1. 0.5mm-Palmitate stimulated incorporation of [U-(14)C]glucose into glyceride glycerol and fatty acids in normal fat cells in a manner dependent upon the glucose concentration. 2. In the presence of insulin the incorporation of 5mm-glucose into glyceride fatty acids was increased by concentrations of palmitate, adrenaline and 6-N-2'-O-dibutyryladenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate up to 0.5mm, 0.5mum and 0.5mm respectively. Higher concentrations of these agents produced progressive decreases in the rate of glucose incorporation into fatty acids. 3. The effects of palmitate and lipolytic agents upon the measured parameters of glucose utilization were similar, suggesting that the effects of lipolytic agents are mediated through increased concentrations of free fatty acids. 4. In fat cells from 24h-starved rats, maximal stimulation of glucose incorporation into fatty acids was achieved with 0.25mm-palmitate. Higher concentrations of palmitate were inhibitory. In fat cells from 72h-starved rats, palmitate only stimulated glucose incorporation into fatty acids at high concentrations of palmitate (1mm and above). 5. The ability of fat cells to incorporate glucose into glyceride glycerol in the presence of palmitate decreased with increasing periods of starvation. 6. It is suggested that low concentrations of free fatty acids stimulate fatty acid synthesis from glucose by increasing the utilization of ATP and cytoplasmic NADH for esterification of these free fatty acids. When esterification of free fatty acids does not keep pace with their provision, inhibition of fatty acid synthesis occurs. Provision of free fatty acids far in excess of the esterification capacity of the cells leads to uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation and a secondary stimulation of fatty acid synthesis from glucose.


Glycine formation during growth of Pseudomonas AM1 on methanol and succinate. 1. The mechanism of regeneration of glycine during the growth of Pseudomonas AM1 on C(1) compounds has been investigated by brief incubation of bacterial suspensions with [2,3-(14)C(2)]succinate and observing the incorporation of radioactivity into various metabolites. 2. With the wild-type organism growing on methanol, radioactivity appeared rapidly in glycine and tricarboxylic acid-cycle intermediates, but there was a relatively slow labelling of serine and phosphorylated compounds. Serine became labelled predominantly in the C-2 position. 3. The proportion of radioactivity incorporated into glycine at earliest times was greatly diminished when succinate-grown cells were used. 4. Radioactivity was also incorporated from [2,3-(14)C(2)]succinate into glycine and serine by methanol-grown mutant 20S, which lacks phosphoserine phosphohydrolase. Both the glycine and serine were labelled mainly in C-2. 5. The formation of predominantly [2-(14)C]serine from [2,3-(14)C(2)]succinate in wild-type Pseudomonas AM1, and of [2-(14)C]serine and [2-(14)C]glycine in the mutant lacking the phosphorylated pathway from succinate to serine, is taken as strong evidence for a mechanism of glycine regeneration involving cleavage of a C(4) skeleton between C-2 and C-3, rather than by a direct combination of two C(1) units derived from the growth substrate. 6. The cleavage mechanism is quantitatively more significant during growth on methanol than on succinate.


A study of the cell surface of tumour, foetal and lymph-node cells by cell electrophoresis after antibody and enzymic treatment. 1. Rabbit anti-(rat foetal liver) serum, absorbed with adult rat liver cells, decreased the electrophoretic mobility of foetal liver cells by 51% and rat hepatoma cells by 45%, indicating the presence of a foetal-type antigen on the hepatoma cell membrane. 2. The chemical nature of the surface antigen was investigated. Incubation with neuraminidase had no effect on adult liver cells but decreased the electrophoretic mobility of foetal liver cells by 51% and of hepatoma cells by 34%; the effect of antiserum was decreased to one-fifth. 3. Sialic acid, or the supernatant from neuraminidase-treated cells, partially blocked the decrease in electrophoretic mobility induced by antiserum. 4. The pH-electrophoretic mobility curves of hepatoma cells treated with antisera were consistent with a sialic acidcontaining antigen on the surface of the tumour cells. 5. Treatment with ribonuclease did not decrease the electrophoretic mobility of adult-liver cells, but decreased that of the foetal liver cells by 17% and hepatoma cells by 29%. 6. In parallel studies made with mouse BP8 ascites-tumour cells ribonuclease decreased the electrophoretic mobility by 39%, that of normal mouse lymph-node cells by 4.8% and allergized mouse lymph-node cells by 13.3%. 7. Trypsin treatment also decreased the electrophoretic mobility of hepatoma cells by 22%.


Evaluation of the rate-limiting steps in the pathway of glucose metabolism in kidney cortex of normal, diabetic, cortisone-treated and growth hormone-treated rats. 1. The activities of gluconeogenic and glycolytic enzymes and the concentrations of citrate, ammonia, amino acids, glycogen, glucose 6-phosphate, acetyl-CoA, lactate and pyruvate were measured in kidney cortex of normal, diabetic, cortisone-treated and growth hormone-treated rats. 2. In kidney cortex of diabetic, cortisone-treated and growth hormone-treated rats the activities of glucose 6-phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.9), fructose 1,6-diphosphatase (EC 3.1.3.11) and phosphopyruvate carboxylase (EC 4.1.1.32) were increased. 3. The activities of glutamate dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.3), alanine aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.2), aspartate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.10) and pyruvate carboxylase (EC 6.4.1.1) were increased in diabetic and cortisone-treated rats. In growth hormone-treated rats the activity of aspartate aminotransferase was depressed but those of the other three enzymes were unchanged. 4. The activity of hexokinase (EC 2.7.1.1) was not altered in any of these conditions. Phosphofructokinase (EC 2.7.1.11) activity was depressed only in growth hormone-treated rats. Pyruvate kinase (EC 2.7.1.40) activity was depressed in cortisone-treated and growth hormone-treated rats but unchanged in diabetic rats. 5. Amino acids, acetyl-CoA and glucose 6-phosphate contents were increased in rat kidneys in all these three conditions. Ammonia content was increased in diabetic and cortisone-treated rats but was markedly diminished in growth hormone-treated rats. 6. The [lactate]/[pyruvate] ratio was elevated in diabetic and cortisone-treated rats but unchanged in growth hormone-treated rats. Citrate content was increased in the kidney cortex of diabetic and growth hormone-treated rats but was unchanged in cortisone-treated rats. The activity of ATP citrate lyase (EC 4.1.3.8) was depressed in diabetic and growth hormone-treated rats but was increased in cortisone-treated rats. 7. Glycogen content was moderately elevated in growth hormone-treated rats and markedly elevated in diabetic rats, whereas no change in glycogen content was observed in cortisone-treated rats. Glycogen synthetase (EC 2.4.1.11) activity was unchanged in all these three conditions. Phosphorylase (EC 2.4.1.1) activity was not affected in cortisone-treated rats but was depressed in diabetic and growth hormone-treated rats.


Inducible phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent hexose phosphotransferase activities in Escherichia coli. 1. A method is described for measuring the rate of phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase activity for a variety of hexoses in toluene-treated suspensions of Escherichia coli. 2. The specific activities of the phosphotransferases that catalyse the phosphorylation of hexoses are greatly affected by the carbon source for growth. 3. In all strains of E. coli tested, fructose phosphotransferase activity is induced by growth on fructose. 4. Strains of E. coli differ greatly in the rate at which they phosphorylate glucose, but all strains possess at least a low glucose phosphotransferase activity under any tested condition of growth. Glucose phosphotransferase activity is further induced by growth on glucose; this does not occur in a mutant that lacks the ability to take up methyl alpha-d-[(14)C]glucopyranoside and hence grows poorly on glucose. 5. When growing on fructose, two strains of E. coli synthesize the inducible glucose phosphotransferase system gratuitously, and to specific activities higher than observed during growth on glucose. A phosphotransferase catalysing the phosphorylation of mannose is similarly induced.


Effects of starvation on intermediary metabolism in the lactating cow. A comparison with metabolic changes occurring during bovine ketosis. 1. The purpose of this study was to determine the nature of the metabolic changes associated with carbohydrate and fat metabolism that occurred in the blood and liver of lactating dairy cows during starvation for 6 days. 2. During starvation, the blood concentrations of the free fatty acids and ketone bodies increased, whereas that of citrate decreased. After an initial increase, the blood concentration of glucose subsequently declined as starvation progressed. Starvation caused a significant decrease in the plasma concentration of serine and a significant increase in that of leucine. 3. After 6 days of starvation the hepatic concentrations of oxaloacetate, citrate, phosphoenolpyruvate, 2-phosphoglycerate, 3-phosphoglycerate, glucose, glycogen, ATP and NAD(+) had all decreased, as had the hepatic activities of phosphopyruvate carboxylase (EC 4.1.1.32) and pyruvate kinase (EC 2.7.1.40). 4. The above metabolic changes are similar to those previously found to occur in cows suffering from spontaneous ketosis (Baird et al., 1968; Baird & Heitzman, 1971). 5. Milk yield decreased progressively during starvation. 6. There were marked differences in the ability of individual animals to resist the onset of severe starvation ketosis.


The value of hydroxyurea in assessing repair synthesis of DNA in HeLa cells.


Osteopathic manipulation for syndromes of the brachial plexus.


Alterations of blood sugar and plasma insulin after cryosurgery of functioning islet-cell tumor.


Isolation and characterization of temperature-sensitive mutants in a Chinese hamster cell line.


Clinical and cytologic responses of postmenopausal women to estrogen.


Central cholinergic mechanisms in the thermoregulation of the rat.


Long-distance, "sensory-bombardment" ESP in dreams: a failure to replicate.


Pulmonary contribution to angiotensin I conversion in children.


Some ideas of a neurosurgeon about the necessity of organising the rehabilitation work.


A new method for quantitative evaluation of bladder sensibility.


Review of the present state of assessment and treatment of reno-vascular hypertension.


Are some of the connective tissue diseases due to infectious agents?


The management of abdominal malignancy in children.


A micrometabolic inhibition test for the estimation of poliovirus neutralizing antibodies. A modified micrometabolic inhibition test for the titration of poliovirus neutralizing antibodies is described. The effects of varying both the duration and the temperature of incubation of the serum-virus mixtures were examined. Overnight incubation resulted in a 2-3-fold increase in the titre of the hyperimmune sera tested. The method is simple and economical and appears to be suitable for antibody surveys.


Paradoxic temperature sensations and the problem of modality-specificity of nerve fibres in the anterolateral tract of the spinal cord.


Cyclic 3',5'-nucleotide monophosphate phosphodiesterase activity in hepatomas of different growth rates.


Quantitative aspects of transplacental tumor induction with ethylnitrosourea in rats.


Ultramorphological and ultracytochemical studies on tubuloreticular structures in lymphoid cells.


Electrophoretic analysis of microsomal smooth membrane proteins in rat liver and in Morris hepatoma 5123C.


Ultrastructural study of liver invasion by Novikoff hepatoma.


Urethan and x-ray effects on mice of a tumor-resistant strain, X-Gf.


Electron microscopic study of neoplasms induced by urethan and x-rays in X-Gf mice.


Ultrastructural characterization of hamster cells transformed following exposure to ultraviolet-irradiated herpes simplex virus type 2.


Morphological studies of angiosarcomas induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride in Syrian golden hamsters.


Regulation of the Embden-Meyerhof pathway in a transplantable rat thyroid tumor.


Elevation of peptidylproline hydroxylase activity and collagen synthesis in spontaneous primary mammary cancers of inbred mice.


Workshop in human tumor immunology.

Workshop in human tumor immunology.


Intestinal alkaline phoshatase and phytase of chicks: separation of isoenzymes, zinc contents and in vitro effects of zinc.


Subcellular localization of thyroglobulin taken up by pig thyroid slices.


A 6-hour bioassay for pituitary gonadotrophins based on radioactive phosphorus uptake by chick testes.


Hormonal regulation of uridine diphosphatase during spermatogenesis in the rat.


Alterations in lipolysis, adenylate cyclase and adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate levels in isolated fat cells following adrenalectomy.


Phosphatidic acid as a precursor of phosphoinositide in the thyroid.


In vivo effect of GH, ACTH, TSH on thymic anaerobic glycolysis.


Changing patterns of circulating corticosteroids in rabbits following prolonged treatment with ACTH.


Role of bristle-coated membrane in the uptake of ferritin by rat macrophages.


Bovine luteal cells in tissue culture.

Bovine luteal cells in tissue culture.


Modified distribution of some cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase activities following growth of L cell fibroblasts in presence of prostaglandin E 1 .


Alterations of mouse embryo cells during in vitro aging.


Effect of chloramphenicol on mitochondrial and extramitochondrial systems in the isolated perfused rat heart.


The influence of cell hybridization between B77 virus producing RBI rat cells and L cells on B77 virus and avian Gs antigen production.


Tumour cell surface specialization in the uptake of nutrients evidenced by cinemicrography as a phenotypic condition for density independent growth.


Nucleo-cytoplasmic protein migration during the activation of chick erythrocyte nuclei in heterokaryons.


Thymus and other lymphoid structures in chickens with Rous sarcoma.


The redox reactions in propionic acid fermentation. II. Purification of NAD-independent glycerolphosphate dehydrogenase bound to minute particles from supernatant fraction of Propionibacterium arabinosumm.


AMP nucleosidase from Azotobacter vinelandii. 3. Kinetics of allosteric interactions.


Guanosine triphosphate-dependent enzymatic binding of amino-acyl-transfer ribonucleic acid to silk gland ribosomes.


Studies on a nuclear petite.

Studies on a nuclear petite.


An NAD-linked  -glycerophosphate dehydrogenase in rat liver mitochondria and its response to thyroid hormone.


Isolation and analysis of glycopeptides from microsomes of an ascites hepatoma, AH 66.


Ligand size-dependent conformational difference in spin-labeled hemoglobin-nitrosobenzene derivatives.


Multimolecular forms of pyruvate kinase. II. Purification of M 2 -type pyruvate kinase from Yoshida ascites hepatoma 130 cells and comparative studies on the enzymological and immunological properties of the three types of pyruvate kinases, L, M 1 , and M 2 .


Studies on polypeptide elongation factor from E. coli. I. Crystalline factor G.


Interactions between NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase and cytochrome b5 preparations purified from liver microsomes.


Mode of operation of ampullae of Lorenzini of the skate, Raja. Ampullae of Lorenzini are sensitive electroreceptors. Applied potentials affect receptor cells which transmit synaptically to afferent fibers. Cathodal stimuli in the ampullary lumen sometimes evoke all-or-none "receptor spikes," which are negative-going recorded in the lumen, but more frequently they evoke graded damped oscillations. Cathodal stimuli evoke nerve discharge, usually at stimulus strengths subthreshold for obvious receptor oscillations or spikes. Anodal stimuli decrease any ongoing spontaneous nerve activity. Cathodal stimuli evoke long-lasting depolarizations (generator or postsynaptic potentials) in afferent fibers. Superimposed antidromic spikes are reduced in amplitude, suggesting that the postsynaptic potentials are generated similarly to other excitatory postsynaptic potentials. Anodal stimuli evoke hyperpolarizations of nerves in preparations with tonic activity and in occasional silent preparations; presumably tonic release of excitatory transmitter is decreased. These data are explicable as follows: lumenal faces of receptor cells are tonically (but asynchronously) active generating depolarizing responses. Cathodal stimuli increase this activity, thereby leading to increased depolarization of and increased release of transmitter from serosal faces, which are inexcitable. Anodal stimuli act oppositely. Receptor spikes result from synchronized receptor cell activity. Since cathodal stimuli act directly to hyperpolarize serosal faces, strong cathodal stimuli overcome depolarizing effects of lumenal face activity and are inhibitory. Conversely, strong anodal stimuli depolarize serosal faces, thereby causing release of transmitter, and are excitatory. These properties explain several anomalous features of responses of ampullae of Lorenzini.


Cyclic adenosine monophosphate in the nervous system of Aplysia californica. I. Increased synthesis in response to synaptic stimulation. In the isolated abdominal ganglion of Aplysia, previously incubated in adenine-(3)H, the amount of (3)H-labeled adenosine-3',5' monophosphate (cAMP) doubled after electrical stimulation of nerves at a physiological rate (1/sec). No change was detected after 4 min of stimulation. An increase in cAMP was first seen after 15 min; lengthening the period of stimulation to 1 hr did not increase the extent of the effect. ATP contained 50% of the total radioactivity taken up from adenine-(3)H, cAMP about 0.1%. During stimulation both the total amount and the specific radioactivity of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) did not change. Thus, the increased amount of radioactivity found in cAMP after stimulation represented an increase in its rate of synthesis. During stimulation formation of cAMP-(3)H was not altered in nerves or in the cell body of an identified neuron (R2). In addition, no changes were detected in the total amounts of cAMP in the ganglion and in the cell body of R2. It seems likely that the increase was initiated by synaptic activity rather than by action potentials. It was blocked by elevating the concentration of Mg, which also blocks synaptic activity without impairing conduction of impulses. Moreover, impulse activity induced by ouabain and glutamate did not result in increased formation of cAMP.


Cyclic adenosine monophosphate in the nervous system of Aplysia californica. II. Effect of serotonin and dopamine. Serotonin and dopamine, both likely transmitter substances in Aplysia, stimulated formation of adenosine-3',5' monophosphate (cAMP) in ganglia, connectives, and identified nerve cell bodies. This widespread distribution suggests that receptors for the response are localized throughout the nervous system, as is adenyl cyclase. Both synthesis of cAMP-(3)H from precursor previously labeled in incubations with adenine-(3)H and total content of cAMP were stimulated up to 15-fold. The acetylcholine analogue carbachol, glutamate, norepinephrine, and histamine were inactive. Full stimulation occurred within 2-4 min of applying serotonin; the extent of the effect was half maximal at 6micro serotonin. Even in the continued presence of serotonin, the increased cAMP diminished with time. When serotonin was removed, tissue remained refractory for 15-20 min; sensitivity returned after 25 min. Serotonin stimulated cAMP after removal of extracellular Na, K, or Cl and in isotonic sucrose, with all extracellular ions removed. Elevating Mg, which blocked the stimulation of cAMP caused by synaptic activity, did not affect the response to serotonin. Thus the response appeared to be independent of transmitter release and of changes in synaptic potentials and current flow. The role of cAMP in neuronal functioning remains to be determined. Conditions which markedly increased cAMP in neurons, however, did not affect the rate of RNA synthesis, nor did they alter the distribution of phosphorylated adenine or uridine nucleotides.


Arthritis in viral hepatitis. Report of two cases and review of the literature.


On the site of action of reserpine on ACTH secretion.


Oat-cell carcinoma and severe hypouricemia.


Angiotensin I assays.

Angiotensin I assays.


Variation of alcohol dehydrogenase levels in Drosophila species hybrids.


Calcium hypochlorite for disinfection of hydrotherapy equipment.


Sympathetic ganglia in culture. II. Accessory cells.


Fibroblasts as a part of the contractile system in duodenal villi of rat.


Studies on biosynthesis of polymyxin E (colistin). I. Isolation and characteristics of mucoidless R-mutants of Bacillus polymyxa K-1.


The inner ear in experimental diabetes mellitus.


Analysis of taxonomic characteristics of highly active viomycin-producing mutants of Streptomyces griseus var. purpureus.


Electron microscopic study of the Auer body.


The effect of bronchoscopic anesthesia upon the yield, accuracy, and cell typing ability of bronchial washing cytology.


Carcinoid tumors--review of literature with special references to sites of origin and humoral substances produced.


Primary mixed carcinomas of the bronchus.


Dumping of patients: funding and statistics a problem.


Amphetamine psychosis: a "model" schizophrenia mediated by catecholamines.


Cerebrospinal fluid amine metabolites in affective illness: the probenecid technique.


Dorsal column stimulator implant.

Dorsal column stimulator implant.


Management of insomnia.

Management of insomnia.


Some recent developments in the physiology of the thyroid gland.


Progress in neurobiology and its implications for society.


Modifications of human spermatozoa glycolysis by cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), estrogens, and follicular fluid.


Tissue distribution of labelled material in vitamin C-deficient guinea pigs after intravenous injection of 1- 14 C) ascorbic acid or (1- 14 C) dehydroascorbic acid.


The forgotten patient.

The forgotten patient.


Transient inhibition of polyoma virus synthesis by Sendai virus (parainfluenza I). I. Demonstration and nature of the inhibition by inactivated virus. Superinfection of polyoma virus-infected mouse embryo cells by beta-propiolactone-inactivated Sendai virus resulted in a 90% inhibition of the synthesis of infectious polyoma progeny. The interference is dependent upon the time of superinfection and the concentration of the inactivated virus. The inhibition of polyoma virus synthesis is transient in nature since normal synthesis of polyoma progeny virus is seen upon prolonged incubation. Interferon does not appear to be implicated in the interference. Various aspects of the biological and synthetic capabilities of beta-propiolactone-inactivated Sendai virus are also described.


Psychiatric aides in transition.

Psychiatric aides in transition.


A quantitative follow up-study of nursing student reactions to an interactional group experience.


Transcription and transport of virus-specific ribonucleic acids in African green monkey kidney cells abortively infected with type 2 adenovirus. The techniques of deoxyribonucleic acid-ribonucleic acid (DNA-RNA) hybridization and immunological precipitation were used to compare the synthesis of adenovirus-specific macromolecules in African green monkey kidney (AGMK) cells infected with adenovirus, an abortive infection, and coinfected with both adenovirus and simian virus 40 (SV40), which renders the cells permissive for adenovirus replication. When viral protein synthesis was proceeding at its maximum rate, the incorporation of (14)C-amino acids into adenovirus structural proteins was about 90 times greater in the doubly infected cells than in cells infected only with adenovirus. However, the rates of synthesis of virus-specific ribonucleic acid appeared to be comparable in the two infections at all times measured. A time-dependent increase in the rate of RNA synthesis observed late in the abortive infection was dependent upon the prior replication of viral DNA. Moreover, all virus-specific RNA species that are normally made late in a productive adenovirus infection (i.e., the true late and class II early RNA species) were also detected in the abortive infection. Adenovirus-specific RNA was detected by molecular hybridization in both the cytoplasm and nuclei of abortively infected cells. Comparable amounts of viral RNA were found in the cytoplasmic fractions of AGMK cells infected either with adenovirus or with both adenovirus and SV40. The results of hybridization-inhibition experiments clearly showed that there was a class of virus-specific RNA molecules, representing about 30% of the total, in the nucleus that was not transported to the cytoplasm. This class of RNA was also identified in similar amounts in productively infected human KB cells. The difference in the abilities of cytoplasmic and nuclear RNA to inhibit the hybridization of virus-specific RNA from whole cells was shown not to be due to a difference in the molecular size of the RNA species from the two cell fractions or to the specific loss of a cytoplasmic species during RNA extraction procedures.


Transient inhibition of polyoma virus synthesis by sendai virus (parainfluenza I). II. Mechanism of the interference by inactivated virus. The mechanism of the transient inhibition of polyoma virus synthesis by betapropiolactone-inactivated Sendai virus was studied. Polyoma virus early functions did not appear to be affected, although deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and structural protein synthesis were inhibited 60 and 35% respectively. The inhibition of macromolecular synthesis was not sufficient to account for the 90% inhibition of infectious progeny formation. Encapsidation of polyoma DNA into mature virions appears to be completely inhibited after superinfection by beta-propiolactone-inactivated Sendai virus. Ultraviolet irradiation of live or beta-propiolactone-inactivated Sendai virus preparations abolishes the interfering capacity, indicating that a functional Sendai virus ribonucleic acid molecule is the interfering component.


Increase in benefits for the elderly.

Increase in benefits for the elderly.


Adenovirus-associated virus multiplication. IX. Extent of transcription of the viral genome in vivo. Nucleic acid hybridization procedures were used to measure the extent of transcription of adenovirus-associated virus (AAV) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in KB cells in the presence of either adenovirus or herpes simplex virus as the helper. Annealing of AAV ribonucleic acid to AAV DNA was monitored by a hybridization inhibition assay on nitrocellulose filters or by hydroxyapatite chromatography. These experiments confirmed the previous observation that, in the presence of either type of helper virus, only one strand of AAV DNA (the thymidine-rich or "minus" strand) is transcribed in vivo. However, it was found that only 70 to 80% of this strand appears to be transcribed in vivo. Furthermore, studies with minus strands employing hydroxyapatite chromatography and nuclease S(1), which specifically degrades single-stranded DNA, indicated that up to 20% of the minus strand is self-complementary. It seems likely that these self-complementary sequences account for the bulk of that portion of the minus strand (20 to 30%) which is not transcribed in vivo.


Temperature-sensitive mutants of vesicular stomatitis virus: in vitro studies of virion-associated polymerase. The temperature dependence of the virion-associated polymerase activity of six temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants of vesicular stomatitis virus (tsW10, 11, 14, 16B, 28, and 29) has been examined in vitro and compared to the heat-resistant parent (HR). The polymerase of five of the mutants (tsW10, 11, 14, 16B, and 28) appears to be significantly more ts than that of HR. Because certain pairs of these five mutants can complement each other's in vitro polymerase activity, it appears that in vitro some components involved in the polymerase of one virion can be utilized by another virion. Examination of 19 revertants of tsW11 and tsW16B which had regained their ability to replicate at 38 C showed that their in vitro polymerase activity had also become less ts. Furthermore, it was found that the pairs of mutants which showed in vitro complementation of polymerase activity at 38 C were those which had shown complementation in yielding infectious progeny in mixedly infected cells. These two observations suggest that the ts behavior of the in vitro polymerase activity of the five mutants is related to their inability to replicate at the nonpermissive temperature.


Crisis-intervention concepts: implications for nursing practices.


Sensitivity training in psychiatric nursing: evolution and evaluation of a student group experience.


Thermosensitive block of the Sabin strain of poliovirus type I. The thermosensitive defect of the Sabin LSc2ab strain of poliovirus type I was studied. Transfer of infected KB cells from 36 to 38.5 C resulted in 30% inhibition of viral RNA replication but in 90% inhibition of formation of virions. Neither 74S procapsids nor 14S particles were detected in the cells transferred to the non-permissive temperature. However, procapsids, once accumulated at 36 C, were normally stable at 38.5 C and could transform into virions at that temperature. Viral proteins synthesized at the nonpermissive temperature were not different from those synthesized at permissive temperature, as judged from their pattern in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and from the fact that they normally matured into virions when the infected cells were brought back to permissive temperature, even under conditions of inhibition of protein synthesis. This leads to the conclusion that the defect in the Sabin strain studied lies in the assembly of its viral capsid proteins into capsomeres.


Drug dependence: some aspects of prevention and control. Report of a WHO European Regional Seminar.


Mechanism of interferon action: inhibition of viral messenger ribonucleic acid translation in L-cell extracts. Encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus ribonucleic acid (RNA) stimulated the incorporation of (14)C-amino acids into polypeptides in cell-free systems using preincubated S10 extracts from L cells. Incorporation was linear for over 2 hr. Analysis of the tryptic peptides derived from the polypeptide products formed in response to EMC RNA showed them to be virus specific. The major product, a polypeptide of 140,000 in molecular weight, migrated on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels with one of the virus-specific polypeptides present in EMC-infected cells. A minor component of molecular weight about 230,000 may correspond to the product of complete translation of the EMC virus genome. Little or no effect of interferon or vaccinia virus infection was observed in the preincubated, cell-free system. The EMC RNA-stimulated incorporation of (14)C-amino acids into polypeptides was not inhibited in extracts derived from L cells early in virus infection, from interferon-treated cells, or from cells subjected to both treatments. Interferon treatment did appear to have a slight inhibitory effect on chain elongation in this system. However, treatment of cells with highly purified interferon before virus infection caused a decrease of about 80% in the capacity of non-preincubated cell extracts to translate added EMC RNA. This effect did not extend to the translation of polyuridylic acid and could be reversed by preincubation of the extracts at 37 C for 20 min. The inhibition of translation was manifest at interferon concentrations as low as 5IU/ml, and in this respect closely paralleled the inhibition of virus growth. Inactivation of the antiviral activity of the interferon by heating or digestion with trypsin also abolished the effect on cell-free protein synthesis. The EMC-specific polypeptides formed in reduced amounts in extracts of interferon-treated vaccinia-infected cells were smaller than those formed in extracts of untreated, vaccinia-infected cells. Thus, inhibition of initiation or elongation of polypeptides, or both, can be demonstrated in cell-free systems employing non-preincubated extracts from interferon-treated, virus-infected cells. These results indicate that antiviral activity of interferon is directed against the translation of viral messenger RNA.


The "Brand Name" game.

The "Brand Name" game.


Do perceptual changes occur in crisis? A case study.


Genetic studies on inbreeding in some Japanese populations. VII. The effects of parental consanguinity on skeletal age in Shizuoka children.


Classification of rhabdovirus proteins: a proposal. A simple alphabetical classification is offered as a means to codify the proteins of rhabdoviruses, using vesicular stomatitis virus as the prototype.


Density heterogeneity of simian virus 40 ribonucleic acid late after infection of permissive cells. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) was isolated from CV-1 cells 44 hr after simian virus 40 (SV40) infection. The molecules containing SV40 base sequences were characterized with respect to their buoyant density distribution. The density of these molecules was compared to that of single- and double-stranded RNA synthesized by using SV40 DNA and Escherichia coli RNA polymerase. The results suggest that about 20% of the SV40 RNA in the infected cells consisted of partially double-stranded molecules.


The role of alpha-toxin of Clostridium perfringens in experimental gas gangrene in guinea pigs.


Where we are and where are we going?

Where we are and where are we going?


Organization man: a study in rigor mortis.


Possibility that angiotensin resulting from unilateral kidney disease affects contralateral renal function.


Control of the synthesis of fatty-acid synthetase in rat liver by insulin, glucagon, and adenosine 3':5' cyclic monophosphate. The usual increase in the activity of liver fatty-acid synthetase that occurs on refeeding of a fat-free diet to previously fasted rats is abolished in diabetic animals. Insulin specifically restores this increase by enhancement of the rate of synthesis of fatty-acid synthetase. However, glucagon and cyclic AMP inhibit the increase in the activity of fatty-acid synthetase. Therefore, the concentration of fatty-acid synthetase in rat liver is under the control of the relative concentrations of insulin and glucagon.


Luteinizing hormone receptors: specific binding of human luteinizing hormone to homogenates of luteinized rat ovaries. Binding of human [(125)I]luteinizing hormone to homogenates of luteinized rat ovaries is dependent upon time, temperature, and pH and is saturable. Injection of human chorionic gonadotropin in vivo or addition of unlabeled human chorionic gonadotropin or human or ovine luteinizing hormone in vitro inhibits binding, whereas follicle stimulating hormone or prolactin is without effect. The dissociation constant for binding of luteinizing hormone receptor is 0.79 nM. The number of binding sites is 94 femtomol/mg of wet weight. NaCl, KCl, MgSO(4), and CaCl(2) at concentrations below 10 mM have no effect on binding, while all salts significantly inhibit binding at 150 mM. Binding of [(125)I]luteinizing hormone to its receptors is destroyed by proteolytic enzymes and by phospholipase C and D. The total binding activity is quantitatively recovered in the 2000 x g pellet of the homogenate.


Alteration of nucleoside transport of Chinese hamster cells by dibutyryl adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate. Cultured Chinese hamster ovary cells showed no significant change in generation time or fraction in the S-phase in the presence of 1 mM N(6),O(2')-dibutyryl adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate. Growth continued for at least two generations after expression of the morphological transformation induced by this cyclic AMP analog. Despite identical growth rates, apparent rates of DNA and RNA synthesis (incorporation of [(3)H]-thymidine or [(3)H]uridine) were reduced up to 15-fold in log phase by 1 mM cyclic nucleotide. [(3)H]Deoxycytidine incorporation was much less sensitive to dibutyryl cyclic AMP. Uptake studies with [(3)H]thymidine demonstrated an inhibition of transport rate dependent on the concentration of dibutyryl cyclic AMP in the growth medium. The rate of thymidine uptake at 1 degrees was decreased 21-fold by 1 mM cyclic nucleotide; half-maximal inhibition occurred at 6 muM. At 37 degrees , the pool size of acid-soluble thymidylate was strongly reduced by 1 mM cyclic nucleotide, and synergistic reduction of the pool size was found with 0.5 mM aminophylline. Phosphorylation of the acid-soluble intracellular label was unaffected by dibutyryl cyclic AMP. Inhibition of thymidine uptake is attributed to an observed decrease in thymidine kinase activity caused by growth in 1 mM dibutyryl cyclic AMP, and possibly to a simultaneous alteration in membrane permeability. Kinase-facilitated uptake of other metabolites may be regulated in a similar fashion by cyclic AMP.


Translation of encephalomyocarditis viral RNA in oocytes of Xenopus laevis. RNA from encephalomyocarditis virus was injected into oocytes of Xenopus laevis. After incubation of the oocytes in [(35)S]methionine, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that a new series of polypeptides had been synthesized. They were identical in size to the polypeptides that appeared in ascites cells after infection with this virus. Electrophoretic and chromatographic analysis of the methionine-containing tryptic peptides from three of the induced polypeptides confirmed that they were virus-specific. All of the bands that appeared in ascites cells after infection also appeared in oocytes after injection of RNA from the virus. We conclude that Xenopus oocytes translate a mammalian viral mRNA faithfully and extensively, and perform normal post-translational modifications.


Initiation of picornavirus protein synthesis in ascites cell extracts. The current model of picornavirus protein formation implies that initiation of protein synthesis occurs at a single site on the viral RNA, and that the large polypeptide formed is later cleaved. A direct test of this model was made in vitro by studying the incorporation of [(35)S]methionine from rabbit liver Met-tRNA(M) (Met) and fMet-tRNA(F) (Met) into encephalomyocarditis virus RNA-coded proteins in extracts of Ehrlich ascites cells. The incorporation of N-formylmethionine was complete within 5 min, while utilization of Met-tRNA(M) (Met) continued for 20 min. Tryptic digests of [(35)S]methionine-labeled products from Met-tRNA(M) (Met) analyzed by anion-exchange chromatography yielded more than 30 peptides, as compared to about 15 [(35)S]methionine-labeled peptides from purified encephalomyocarditis virus. In contrast, products labeled with fMet-tRNA(F) (Met) yielded one major (26)S-labeled tryptic peptide. The N-terminal location of methionine in this peptide was verified by Edman degradation. One predominant N-terminal tryptic peptide was also obtained with fMet-tRNA(F) (Met) when mouse Elberfeld and mengo-virus RNAs were used as messengers. On the basis of N-terminal compared with internal labeling of the products, no evidence for in vitro post-translational cleavage was found. The results are consistent with a single initiation site for synthesis of picornavirus proteins.


Hormonal interactions in the uterus: inhibition of isoproterenol-induced accumulation of adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate by oxytocin and prostaglandins. Interactions of hormones stimulating and inhibiting uterine contraction were studied in vitro in uteri from oophorectomized rats. The beta-adrenergic effector, isoproterenol, a potent inhibitor of contraction, produced a dose-related increase of adenylate cyclase and accumulation of adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) that was inhibitable by propranolol. Oxytocin, which stimulates contraction, effectively inhibited accumulation of uterine cAMP induced by isoproterenol in the presence or absence of theophylline. Prostaglandins E(2) and F(2alpha), each at a maximum effective concentration of 0.5 muM, also inhibited accumulation of cAMP induced by isoproterenol, consistent with their effect in stimulation of uterine contraction. Prostaglandin E(2), but not prostaglandin F(2alpha), stimulated cAMP accumulation in a dose-related manner at concentrations in excess of 0.5 muM. Neither propranolol nor oxytocin inhibited that response. Bovine endometrial adenylate cyclase failed to respond to isoproterenol but was stimulated by prostaglandins E(1) and E(2). When myometrial preparations were studied, isoproterenol stimulation and prostaglandin effects were observed as for whole castrate uterus. The competitive physiological actions of beta-adrenergic effectors on the one hand, and oxytocin and prostaglandins on the other hand, are based on their influences on a myometrial adenylate cyclase. Stimulation of uterine cAMP accumulation by prostaglandin E(2) is due to action at a different and unrelated site.


A DNA fragment of Herpes simplex 2 and its transcription in human cervical cancer tissue. A human cervical tumor, free of detectable infectious herpes simplex 2 virus, contained a fragment comprising 39% of herpes viral DNA. Renaturation kinetics indicate that an average of 1 to 3.5 DNA fragments of herpes simplex virus are present per cell, depending on the ploidy of the cells in this particular tumor. Virus-specific sequences were found linked to highly repetitive sequences of host DNA, which reassociated under conditions designed to preclude reassociation of viral sequences. The tumor also contained RNA transcripts complementary to 5% of the viral DNA. The fraction of viral DNA template transcribed in the cervical tumor is considerably less than that transcribed in productively infected cells (50%).


Selective inhibition of growth of transformed cells by protease inhibitors. Five protease inhibitors with different modes of action were found to reduce the growth of transformed mouse (Py3T3, SV3T3, and 3T12) and hamster (PyBHK) cells. Some of these inhibitors caused the transformed cells to cease growth at saturation densities characteristic for nontransformed cells. The protease inhibitors were strikingly selective with regard to the transformed cells; they had essentially no effect on the growth of the nontransformed cells. From this result, it is concluded that the inhibitors block a protease-like activity that is required for the unrestrained growth of transformed cells. The inhibitors exerted their effect directly on the cells; they did not affect growth by interacting with serum components of the medium.


Pararticular soft tissue changes in systemic diseases.


Isolation and subunit structure of polycytidylate-dependent RNA polymerase of encephalomyocarditis virus. A polycytidylate-dependent RNA polymerase of encephalomyocarditis virus was isolated from infected BHK 21 cells. The enzyme was associated with a smooth-membrane fraction, from which it was extracted by a mixture of sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-100, and dithiothreitol, and further purified by chromatography on a Dowex-1 column and by glycerol gradient sedimentation. Analysis of a 6S glycerol gradient peak of RNA polymerase activity by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed the presence of five polypeptides, of molecular weights 72,000, 65,000, 57,000, 45,000, and 35,000. The molecular weights of four of the polypeptides (72,000, 65,000, 45,000, and 35,000) are almost identical to the reported molecular weights of the four subunits of Qbeta replicase.


Tumors of the soft tissues of the extremities.


Effects of adrenal cortical hormones on carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism.


Evaluation of optic neuropathy with B-scan ultrasonography.


Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase. II. Hormonal controls.


Issues raised in a group setting by patients recovering from myocardial infarction.


A follow-up study of narcotic addicts in the NARA program.


Uptake of Adenovirus by intestinal absorptive cells of the suckling rat. I. The neonatal ileum.


Multivesicular bodies and related structures of the syncytiotrophoblast of human term placenta.


Uptake of adenovirus by intestinal absorptive cells of the suckling rat. II. The neonatal jejunum.


Trout hepatoma: fibrosis and lymphocytosis as suppressive mechanisms in the rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri).


Neutrophil proteases in inflammation.

Neutrophil proteases in inflammation.


Abetalipoproteinemia.

Abetalipoproteinemia.


Epstein-Barr virus infection in relation to infectious mononucleosis and Burkitt's lymphoma.


Structure-melanotropic activity relationship in synthetic polypeptides related to ACTH.


Transsulfuration in fetal and postnatal mammalian liver and brain. Cystathionine synthase, its relation to hormonal influences, and cystathionine.


Some aspects of the relationship between N-terminal structure and MSH activity of three decapeptides related to ACTH: a comparative study of gly 1 -ACTH(1-10)OH, ibu 1 -ACTH(1-10)OH and  -ala 1 -ACTH(1-10)OH.


Isolation of prolactin granules from rat anterior pituitary glands.


Thyrotropin and thyroidal peroxidase activity.


The initiation of fetal adrenocorticotrophic activity in the rat.


ACTH and MSH production by a single cloned mouse pituitary tumor cell line.


Biological activity of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in the rat.


A chick bioassay for parathyroid hormone.


Avian bioassay method for parathyroid hormone.


Use of a modified radioligand assay to measure the effect of estradiol on uterine adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate.


Effects of methylxanthines on adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate and corticosterone in the rat adrenal.


Effects of cholera and E. coli enterotoxins on cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate levels and intermediary metabolism in the thyroid.


Adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate and phosphodiesterase activities in isolated fetal and neonatal rat pancreatic islets.


Effects of subunits of TSH and LH on TSH stimulation of cyclic AMP accumulation in dog thyroid slices.


Stereoisomerism in adrenergic drugs.

Stereoisomerism in adrenergic drugs.


Islet cell tumour in the newborn.

Islet cell tumour in the newborn.


Autoimmune hemolytic anemia and cytomegalovirus infection in a six-months-old child, treated with azathioprine.


Studies on invasiveness of polyoma virus transformed BHK cells on chorioallantoic membrane of chick.


The role of viruses in the pathogenesis of ocular tumors.


Trapping of radicals formed in the photochemical reaction between hydrogen peroxide and some pyrimidine bases, nucleosides, nucleotides, and yeast nucleic acid.


Oxidation of heme proteins by alkyl halides.


Reversible disaggregation of myofilaments in vertebrate smooth muscle. Strips of taenia coli from guinea pigs were incubated under isometric conditions in Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate saline (MKR) containing various concentrations of Ca(+2) and/or Mg(+2). Spontaneous or chemically induced contractile activity was abolished within 15 min of exposure to MKR containing Ca(+2) at concentrations below 10(-6) M; contractile activity was restored by reincubation in normal MKR after 1-2 h. Exposure of taenia coli to MKR containing Ca(+2) at concentrations below 10(-6) M for 1 h or more led to loss of thick and thin myofilaments from the sarcoplasm as observed with the electron microscope. Except for the loss of these two filament types, the cells contained all other structural features observed in preparations incubated in MKR containing Ca(+2) at its normal level (1.3 x 10(-3) M). The loss of thick and thin myofilaments in strips exposed to a Ca(+2) concentration below 10(-6) M was reversed by reincubation for 30 min in MKR containing normal Ca(+2) levels. The observed loss of thick and thin myofilaments in response to low Ca(+2) is interpreted as resulting from the disaggregation of some or all of the molecular components of these two filament types.


Contact-inhibited revertant cell lines isolated from SV 40-transformed cells. IV. Microfilament distribution and cell shape in untransformed, transformed, and revertant Balb-c 3T3 cells. A COMPARISON IS MADE OF THE ULTRASTRUCTURE OF THE CELL PERIPHERY IN THREE CLONED CELL LINES: untransformed Balb/c 3T3 cells, SV40-transformed Balb/c 3T3 cells, and revertant cells obtained from the transformed cell line by a selection technique utilizing concanavalin A. Both thin-section and surface replication techniques are used for in situ examination of the cell lines. Microfilaments, 70 A in diameter (called alpha filaments), are abundant in untransformed and revertant cell lines, particularly in the anterior expansions of the cells, which tend to have many microvilli and small pseudopodia. Alpha filaments are diminished in the anterior expansions of transformed cells, which contain large blunt pseudopodia and relatively few microvilli. Surface replicas confirm the impression gained from thin sections that transformed cells have a greater proportion of their cell surface involved in bulging pseudopodia than either untransformed or revertant cells. Since alpha filaments are shown to bind heavy meromyosin and are similar to F-actin, these filaments are thought to be important in cell motility. These observations suggest that a close relationship exists between decreased alpha filaments, bulging pseudopodia, and loss of contact inhibition of movement in transformed cells.


Regulation of microtubules in Tetrahymena. I. Electron microscopy of oral replacement. The coupled resorption and redifferentiation of oral structures which occurs in Tetrahymena pyriformis under conditions of amino acid deprivation has been studied by transmission electron microscopy. Two patterns of ciliary resorption have been found, (a) in situ, and (b) after withdrawal into the cytoplasm. No autophagic vacuoles containing cilia or ciliary axonemes have been seen. Stomatogenic field basal bodies arise by a process of rapid sequential nucleation, with new ones always appearing next to more mature ones, even though the latter may not be fully differentiated. Accessory radial ribbons of microtubules develop immediately adjacent to oral field basal bodies as a late step in their maturation. It can be seen that the formation of basal bodies and their orientation within the oral complex are separate processes. This is true for about 130 of the approximately 170 oral basal bodies; the remaining 40 or so form within the patterned groups of ciliary units as a later event. Clusters of randomly oriented thin-walled microtubules are found surrounding oral basal bodies at all times during stomatogenesis. They may either represent stores of microtubule subunit protein, or serve as effectors of basal body movement during their orientation into pattern.


Rapid degeneration of ampullary electroreceptor organs after denervation. Electroreceptors (ampullary organs) of the transparent catfish (Kryptopterus bicirrhus) lie in the epidermis, and contain spherical receptor cells that receive purely afferent innervation from the lateral line nerve. Section of this nerve causes rapid degenerative changes to occur in the receptors. Fine structural alterations occur in the receptor cell synapses and nerve fiber 6-12 h postoperatively. Disruption of the receptor cells begins by 18 h and most are lost by 48 h. By 72 h supporting cells and secretory cells also show marked degeneration, and by 96 h they may be totally lost. The rapid degeneration of the electroreceptor organs of Kryptopterus should make them a useful preparation for analysis of neurotrophic functions.


Chicken cardiac muscle: its elusive extended junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum and sarcoplasmic reticulum fenestrations.


Dibutyryl cyclic adenosine 3'5' monophosphate, sugar transport, and regulatory control of cell division in normal and transformed cells. Swiss 3T3 cells exhibit contact-regulated cell growth and have a lower ability to transport 2-deoxyglucose than polyoma (Py)-transformed 3T3 cells. Py3T3 cells treated with dibutyryl cyclic adenosine 3'5' monophosphate (dBcAMP) and theophylline have reduced cell growth and transport 2-deoxyglucose at the same rate as normal 3T3 cells. Evidence that the cessation of cell growth and reduced transport abilities in Py3T3 cells does not represent a return to contact-regulated growth comes from the following observations. First, treating high density Py3T3 cells with dBcAMP allows more than two doublings of cell number, even though ability to transport 2-deoxyglucose is returned to levels equal to those of normal 3T3 cells. Second, dBcAMP prevents serum-stimulated increases in 2-deoxyglucose transport in Py3T3 but not in 3T3 cells.


Secretion and endocytosis in insulin-stimulated rat adrenal medulla cells. Insulin was used to deplete the adrenalin stores of rat adrenal medulla cells. Release of secretion was observed to occur by exocytosis. In addition, during the stages of massive release of secretory granules, the insulin-treated preparations showed greatly enhanced endocytic uptake of horseradish peroxidase. The tracer was taken up within vesicles, tubules, multivesicular bodies, and dense bodies. From acid phosphatase studies and from previous work it appears that many of the structures in which peroxidase accumulates are lysosomes or are destined to fuse with lysosomes. Subsequent to the period of intense exocytosis and endocytosis, there is a transient accumulation of lipid droplets in the adrenalin cells. The cells then regranulate, with new granules forming near the Golgi region. These results suggest that under the conditions used, much of the membrane that initially surrounds secretory granules is degraded after release of the granules.


Determination of vitamins D by gas-liquid chromatography. II. Rapid assay for vitamin  D2  in the presence of vitamin A and E.


Observations on the quantitative analysis of fatty acids in bovine blood serum.


Liver adaptation and injury in alcoholism.


Huntington's chorea. Deficiency of gamma-aminobutyric acid in brain.


[Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly clinicopathological exercises. Case 7-1973].


Therapeutic value of vitamin D metabolites.


Embryonic chick intestine in organ culture: response to vitamin D 3  and its metabolites. Embryonic chick intestine maintained in organ culture responded to vitamin D(3) and its metabolites 25-hydroxycholecalciferol and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol by synthesis of calcium-binding protein and enchanced calcium-45 uptake. The dihydroxy metabolite was by far the most potent inducer of the protein and also acted more rapidly than vitamin D(3) to stimulate isotope uptake. Despite its lower potency, vitamin D(3) itself was effective.


Hypothalamic regulatory hormones.

Hypothalamic regulatory hormones. The molecular structures of several polypeptides isolated from hypothalamic tissue have been established and the synthesis of these compounds has been achieved. These polypeptides selectively stimulate or inhibit the release of anterior pituitary hormones and melanocyte-stimulating hormone. Various studies indicate their important physiological role and support the concept that some of these polypeptides are hormones. Some synthetic hypothalamic hormones and their derivatives may find important clinical and veterinary applications.


Investigation of the structure of a model iron-sulfur protein by spin and luminescence label methods.


Bowel control.

Bowel control.


Study of the kinetics of formation of ternary complex lactate dehydrogenase-NAD-pyruvate.


Suppression of periodic fever with estrogen.


The origin of mitochondrial RNA of animal tissues studied by hybridization with mitochondrial DNA.


Respiration of homogenates and crude mitochondrial fractions of bovine attached gingiva.


EPR investigation of various nitroxide free radicals in biological and artificial membranes.


Composition and structure of the O-specific side chain of endotoxin from Serratia marcescens Bizio.


Substrate stereochemical requirements in the reductive inactivation of uridine diphosphate galactose 4-epimerase by sugar and 5'-uridine monophosphate.


Effects of photooxidation of histidine-38 on the various catalytic activities of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.


Effects of photooxidation of histidine-38 on the acetylphosphatase activity of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.


Comparison of a selective and a non-selective medium in the diagnosis of gonorrhoea to ascertain the sensitivity of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to vancomycin.


Dynamic ultrastructure of presynaptic membranes at nerve terminals in the spinal cord of rats. Anesthetized and unanesthetized preparations compared.


Centrifugal control of the avian retina. IV. Effects of reversible cold block of the isthmo-optic tract on the receptive field properties of cells in the retina and isthmo-optic nucleus.


Intracellular study of the cat's primary auditory cortex.


The role of acetylcholine in the intracerebellar nuclei of the cat.


Anatomical studies of the organization of the spinal V nucleus: the deep bundles and the spinal V tract.


The effects of reticular stimulation on the firing rate of neurons in the pericruciate cortex of cats.


Electrophysiological properties of neuronal circuits in the frog cerebellum in vitro.


Motor cortex modulation of knee flexor and extensor fusimotor neurons in the 'pyramidal' cat.


Neurochemical bases of the PGO wave.

Neurochemical bases of the PGO wave.


Dependence of REM sleep PGO waves on cholinergic mechanisms.


Evidence of cholinergic mediation of ingestive responses elicited by dibutyryladenosine-3',5'-monophosphate in rat hypothalamus.


Serotonin turnover in cultured raphe nuclei from newborn rat: in vitro development and drug effects.


Infiltrating lobular carcinoma of the breast.


Tumors of minor salivary origin. A clinicopathologic study of 492 cases.


Mammary duct proliferation in the elderly. A histopathologic study.


Familial occurrence of extramammary Paget's disease.


Electrocoagulation and curettage for carcinoma involving the skin of the face, nose, eyelids, and ears.


Adenocarcinoma of Bartholin's gland associated with Paget's disease of vulvar area.


Carcinoma of large intestine in patients irradiated for carcinoma of cervix and uterus.


Reappraisal of surgical management of sarcoma of the buttock.


A study of serum lipoprotein electrophoresis on cellogel: normal values, comparison with SML profiling and ultracentrifugation.


Determination of serum guanase by means of a NADH-linked reaction.


Enzymatic determination of ammonia in blood plasma.


A non-mercurimetric automated method for serum chloride.


A short, retarded child with a deletion of the short arm of chromosome 18 (18p-).


Polygraphic study of dyssynergia cerebellaris myoclonica (Ramsay-Hunt syndrome) and of the intention myoclonus (Lance-Adams syndrome) during sleep.


The phospholipids of the thyroid gland.

The phospholipids of the thyroid gland.


An evaluation of the course of peripheral neuropathies based on clinical and neurographical re-examinations.


Neuro-Behçet's syndrome in the United Arab Republic.


Determination of human chronological age by study of a collagen sample.


Changes in collagen with age. IV. The extraction of soluble collagen from human lung.


Intracisternal A-type and C-type particles observed in pulmonary tumors in mice.


High yield of hepatic tumors in rats by cycasin.


Ampicillin and hetacillin pharmacokinetics in normal and anephric subjects.


Serum glycoprotein levels in the rat bearing ascites hepatoma 109A.


A hetero-organic antigen of a rat ascites hepatoma.


An immuno-electron microscopic analysis of Epstein-Barr virus-related antigens in Burkitt lymphoma cells.


Predicting the course of adenoid cystic carcinoma.


Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the liver in hepatic malignancy.