Role of cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate in the action of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis-(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT)on hepatic and renal metabolism. The possibility whether alterations in the cyclic AMP-adenylate cyclase-phosphodiesterase system play a role in the action of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis-(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT) on hepatic and renal carbohydrate metabolism was investigated. Administration of exogenous cyclic AMP (10mg/100g) was found to mimic the action of DDT which enhanced the activities of pyruvate carboxylase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, fructose 1,6-diphosphatase and glucose 6-phosphatase in both liver and kidney cortex, elevated the concentration of blood glucose and urea and decreased the amount of hepatic glycogen. Treatment with theophylline augmented the effects of a submaximal dose of this halogenated hydrocarbon on serum urea and glucose as well as the key gluconeogenic enzymes in liver and kidney cortex. Addition of DDT in vitro to liver and kidney homogenates resulted in a significant enhancement of adenylate cyclase activity. Hepatic and renal slices from rats already treated with DDT displayed an increased ability to convert [(3)H]adenosine into cyclic [(3)H]AMP. Whereas kidney-cortex slices excised from rats given caffeine and DDT produced an even greater amount of cyclic [(3)H]AMP, imidazole, propranolol and hydrazine prevented the insecticide-stimulated rise in cyclic nucleotide production. In contrast, prostaglandin E(1) failed to exert any significant effect on DDT-induced increases in cyclic [(3)H]AMP synthesis from radioactive adenosine. The present study and our previous findings (Kacew & Singhal, 1973e) support the concept that the DDT-induced alterations in carbohydrate metabolism of liver and kidney cortex may be related to an initial stimulation of the cyclic AMP-adenylate cyclase system in these tissues.


Properties of pyruvate dehydrogenase of rat mammary tissue and its changes during pregnancy, lactation and weaning. Pyruvate dehydrogenase of rat mammary tissue showed many of the regulatory properties of the analogous enzyme in other mammalian tissues. It was inactivated in the presence of low concentrations of ATP and this rate of inactivation was slowed if pyruvate or PP(1) was also present. Reactivation by Mg(2+) in the presence of low concentrations of Ca(2+) occurred over a similar time-course. The K(m) value for Mg(2+) in this process was about 2mm. The enzyme was assayed in extracts of freeze-clamped mammary glands removed from pregnant, lactating or recently weaned rats under halothane anaesthesia. Both the initial activity and the activity after full activation (;total enzyme activity') were determined. The former parameter, when expressed on a DNA basis, varied within a range of 40 times its lowest value. Maximum total enzyme activity was about 1 unit/g wet wt. The total enzyme activity and the fraction in the active form increased in step from pregnancy to mid-lactation, remained elevated until the end of lactation and then fell steeply within 3 days after weaning. The correlation of these two parameters of enzyme activity may indicate a common regulatory factor or else an interdependence arising from inherent properties of the multi-enzyme complex.


Glycosyltransferases in the Golgi membranes of onion stem. Cell fractions consisting largely of Golgi membranes were prepared from the meristematic region of the onion. Several enzyme activities were found to be localized in these fractions: inosine diphosphatase, galactosyltransferases and glucosyltransferases. The fractions catalysed the transfer of [(14)C]galactose from UDP-galactose to endogenous and cell-sap acceptors, to N-acetylglucosamine and to ovalbumin. In the presence of bovine alpha-lactalbumin, transfer to glucose (lactose synthesis) was catalysed. [(14)C]Glucose was transferred from UDP-glucose to endogenous and cell-sap acceptors, to cellobiose and to fructose (sucrose synthesis). All these activities were latent, being potentiated by detergents (Triton X-100 or sodium deoxycholate). The characteristics of some of these enzyme activities are described and their biological significance is discussed.


The role of adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate in the division of WI 38 cells. The cellular response to prostaglandin E1 and the effects of an cyclic adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate analogue and prostaglandin E1 on cell division. Inhibition of growth and DNA synthesis was observed in WI 38 cells incubated with 8-methylthioadenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate or prostaglandin E(1). The effect of both compounds on cell growth was reversible. On removal of these compounds from culture media the cells initiated DNA synthesis and divided. In addition, prostaglandin E(1) stimulated cyclic AMP formation in these cells to over 40 times the normal basal value. The increase in cyclic AMP concentration in WI 38 cells after addition of prostaglandin E(1) showed a marked variation. Cells that had recently been treated with trypsin and plated at a lower cell density exhibited a smaller response to addition of prostaglandin E(1) than cells that had divided and reached confluence.


The relationship between the concentration of adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate and the anti-lipolytic action of insulin in isolated rat fat-cells. The relationship between cyclic AMP content and lipolysis, as measured by glycerol formation, was studied in isolated rat fat-cells. Inhibition of lipolysis by insulin in the presence of a low concentration of adrenaline was accompanied by little or no lowering of cyclic AMP content, measured after 15min incubation. The time-course of cyclic AMP content after addition of adrenaline showed that the effect of insulin in lowering cyclic AMP content measured after 2-5min was gradually lost over the next hour, mainly because of the fall in cyclic AMP content after an early peak in the presence of adrenaline alone. There was a 44% loss of immunoreactive insulin, from an initial concentration of 0.3nm, during a 1h incubation with fat-cells. Insulin did not affect partitioning of cyclic AMP between cells and incubation medium. When the correlation between cyclic AMP content and rate of lipolysis was investigated for a wide range of adrenaline concentrations, it was found that the lowering of cyclic AMP content by insulin was much less than that required to account for the amount of inhibition of lipolysis. It is concluded that inhibition of adrenaline-stimulated lipolysis by insulin involves factors in addition to a decrease in intracellular cyclic AMP concentration.


Changes in intramitochondrial adenine nucleotides in blowfly flight-muscle mitochondria. 1. With freshly isolated blowfly mitochondria 38% of the intramitochondrial adenine nucleotide was present as AMP. 2. On incubation with oxidizable substrates the AMP and ADP concentrations fell and that of ATP rose; with pyruvate together with proline the ATP concentration reached its maximum value at 6min; with glycerol phosphate the phosphorylation of endogenous nucleotide was more rapid. 3. Addition of the uncoupling agent carbonyl cyanide phenylhydrazone caused a rapid fall of ATP and a parallel rise in ADP, then ADP was converted into AMP. 4. This was in contrast with rat liver mitochondria endogenous AMP concentrations, which were always lower than those of blowfly mitochondria and changed little under different metabolic conditions. 5. Evidence is presented that adenylate kinase (EC 2.7.4.3) has a dual distribution in blowfly mitochondria, a part being located in the matrix space and a part in the space between the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes, as in liver and other mitochondria. 6. The possible regulatory role of changing AMP concentrations in the mitochondrial matrix was investigated. Partially purified pyruvate carboxylase (EC 6.4.1.1) and citrate synthase (EC 4.1.3.7) were inhibited 30% by 2mm-AMP, whereas pyruvate dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.4.1) was unaffected. 7. AMP activated the NAD(+)-linked isocitrate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.41) activity of blowfly mitochondria in the absence of ADP, but in the presence of ADP, AMP caused inhibition. 8. It is suggested that AMP may exert a controlling effect on the oxidative activity of blowfly mitochondria.


The action of local anaesthetics on lipolysis and on adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate content in isolated rat fat-cells. 1. Local anaesthetics inhibited hormone-stimulated lipolysis in isolated rat fat-cells. The most potent anaesthetic was dibucaine, which inhibited adrenaline-stimulated lipolysis by 50% at a concentration of 0.16mm. 2. The amount of inhibition produced by a given concentration of anaesthetic was very similar with adrenaline, theophylline and dibutyryl cyclic AMP, at submaximal and maximal concentrations. 3. The inhibitory effect of dibucaine on lipolysis was apparent within 5 min and was constant over 1h. 4. Dibucaine inhibited basal, adrenaline-stimulated and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake at concentrations 6-10-fold higher than those inhibiting lipolysis. 5. The effects of dibucaine on lipolysis and glucose uptake were reversed after removal of anaesthetic and washing of cells. 6. Dibucaine further elevated the concentration of cyclic AMP in the presence of adrenaline or adrenaline plus theophylline. 7. Dibucaine had no effect on ATP content at concentrations causing 80% inhibition of lipolysis, but lowered ATP content at higher concentrations. 8. The relative potency of different local anaesthetics as inhibitors of hormone-stimulated lipolysis paralleled their potency as inhibitors of ion movements in other systems. 9. The possibility is discussed that Ca(2+) ions are involved in the regulation of lipolysis, and that local anaesthetics inhibit lipolysis by interfering with Ca(2+) translocation.


Measurement of the dynamics of stimulation and inhibition of steroidogenesis in isolated rat adrenal cells by using column perfusion. Isolated adrenal cells were perfused in a small column by using Bio-Gel polyacrylamide beads as an inert supporting matrix, and the time-course of the response to various stimuli was observed by measuring fluorogenic 11-hydroxycorticosteroids in the effluent. A small but significant response was observed 1 min after stimulation with physiological concentrations of ACTH (adrenocorticotrophin), but the response did not start to build up rapidly for 3-4min and eventually reached a plateau after 9-10min. A similar pattern of events was observed for the decay of the steroid output on removal of ACTH. ACTH analogues, including one with a long duration of action in vivo, were found to produce responses with similar kinetics. However, cyclic AMP caused a more rapid increase in steroidogenesis and its effects were more short-lived after withdrawal. If, as present evidence suggests, cyclic AMP is produced rapidly after ACTH stimulation the delayed build-up of the steroidogenic response to ACTH would indicate that cyclic AMP may not be the intracellular mediator. When inhibitors were applied during ACTH stimulation, aminoglutethimide, which blocks mitochondrial conversion of cholesterol into pregnenolone (3beta-hydroxypregn-5-en-20-one), caused a rapid fall in steroid output (1 min), whereas cycloheximide took longer to achieve its full effect. Nevertheless, the response had fallen by 50% in 2 min, indicating a much shorter half-life than that previously reported for the labile protein implicated in steroidogenesis. In addition the rapid response to cyclic AMP makes it unlikely that steroid production is induced as a result of initiation of protein synthesis. This suggests that the labile protein plays an obligatory but permissive role in the development of the response. Column perfusion has proved to be a simple technique which can readily yield accurate data on responses of cells to stimulants and inhibitors.


Adaptive changes in the capacity of systems used for the synthesis of citrulline in rat liver mitochondria in response to high- and-low-protein diets. 1. Citrulline synthesis was measured in mitochondria from rats fed on a standard diet, a high-protein diet, or on glucose. 2. With NH(4)Cl as the nitrogen source the rate of citrulline synthesis was higher in mitochondria from rats fed on a high-protein diet than in those from rats fed on a standard diet. When rats were fed solely on glucose the rate of synthesis of citrulline from NH(4)Cl was very low. 3. With glutamate as the nitrogen source the relative rates of citrulline synthesis were much lower than when NH(4)Cl was present, but similar adaptive changes occurred. 4. The activity of the mitochondrial glutamate-transporting system increased two to three times on feeding rats on a high-protein diet, but the K(m) for glutamate was unchanged. 5. Adaptive changes in certain intramitochondrial enzymes were also measured. 6. The results were interpreted to indicate that when an excess of substrate was present, citrulline synthesis from NH(4)Cl was rate-limited by the intramitochondrial concentration of N-acetyl-glutamate, but citrulline synthesis from glutamate was rate-limited primarily by the activity of the glutamate-transporting system.


Increase in pituitary adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate content and potentiation of growth-hormone release from heifer anterior pituitary slices incubated in the presence of 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine. The release of growth hormone from heifer anterior pituitary slices and the cyclic AMP content of the slices were increased by the phosphodiesterase inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, both increases being related to inhibitor concentration over the range 0.1-1.0mm. Neither Ba(2+) (6.9 or 2.3mm), K(+) (72mm), nor p-chloromercuribenzoate (20mum) had any effect on pituitary cyclic AMP content over a 20min period. 3-Isobutyl-1-methylxanthine potentiated the release of growth hormone in response to Ba(2+) (2.3mm) and K(+) (24mm), but the degree of potentiation did not depend on inhibitor concentration in the same way as did tissue cyclic AMP content. 3-Isobutyl-1-methylxanthine decreased the concentration of K(+) required to give maximum stimulation of growth-hormone release, but did not significantly increase the maximum response to Ba(2+). Growth-hormone release in the presence of prostaglandin E(2) (1mum) was increased by 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine and was inhibited by the prostaglandin antagonist, 7-oxa-13-prostynoic acid, although this antagonist increased the pituitary cyclic AMP concentration and potentiated the prostaglandin E(2)-induced rise in cyclic AMP content. The stimulation of growth-hormone release by p-chloromercuribenzoate was not potentiated by 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine. The data suggest that Ba(+) and K(+) act at the same point in the secretory process as 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, although by a different mechanism, and that p-chloromercuribenzoate has a different point of action.


Mode of inhibition of mitochondrial energy transduction by chlorophenoxyisobutyrate. 1. alpha-p-Chlorophenoxyisobutyric acid, the ethyl ester of which is widely used as an antihypercholesterolaemic drug, is an inhibitor of energy-transfer reactions in isolated rat liver mitochondria. 2. The compound at lower concentrations (<4.0mumol/mg of mitochondrial protein) inhibits state 3 oxidation, stimulates state 4 oxidation, abolishes respiratory control and stimulates the latent adenosine triphosphatase activity of mitochondria. The inhibition imposed on state 3 oxidation is relieved by dinitrophenol. 3. At higher concentrations it inhibits coupled phosphorylation as well as dinitrophenol-stimulated adenosine triphosphatase activity. The inhibition of state 3 oxidation under these conditions is not reversed by uncouplers. 4. The three coupling sites of phosphorylation exhibit differential susceptibility to inactivation by this compound. Coupled phosphorylation at the first site is abolished at a drug concentration of 3.0mumol/mg of protein. The third site is inactivated when the concentration of the drug reaches 5.0mumol/mg of protein. The second site is the most refractory and drug concentrations of the order of 10.0mumol/mg of protein are required effectively to inhibit phosphorylation at this site. 5. The compound also inhibits ATP-dependent reversal of electron transport as well as the adenosine triphosphatase activity in submitochondrial particles. 6. The oxidation of NADH and succinate in these particles is not inhibited. 7. These properties indicate that the compound acts as an ;inhibitory uncoupler' of energy-transfer reactions in isolated mitochondria.


Isolation of the coat proteins of foot-and-mouth disease virus and analysis of the composition and N-terminal endgroups.


The immobilization of glucose oxidase via activation of its carbohydrate residues.


The latent herpes simplex virus.

The latent herpes simplex virus.


The effects of potassium, 5-hydrocytryptamine, adrenocorticotrophin and angiotensin II on the concentration of adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate in suspensions of dispersed rat adrenal zona glomerulosa and zona fasciculata cells. Dispersed rat adrenal cells prepared from both the capsule and the decapsulated gland were used to investigate the effects on cyclic AMP accumulation of known stimuli of steroidogenesis [ACTH (adrenocorticotrophin), angiotensin II, K(+) ions and 5-hydroxytryptamine]. Since glomerulosa-cell preparations from capsular strippings are normally contaminated with a proportion of fasciculata cells, cells purified by fractionation on a bovine serum albumin gradient were also used. The results showed that: (1) ACTH and angiotensin II stimulated cyclic AMP accumulation in both fractionated and unfractionated zona fasciculata cells; (2) 5-hydroxytryptamine and an increased extracellular K(+) concentration (from 3.6 to 8.4mm) had no effect on cyclic AMP concentrations in fasciculata cell preparations; (3) the addition of ACTH, angiotensin II, 5-hydroxytryptamine or K(+) to the incubation medium resulted in increased cyclic AMP concentrations in unpurified zona glomerulosa cell preparations; (4) fractionation and hence the virtual elimination of fasciculata contamination, did not affect the response to 5-hydroxytryptamine and increased K(+) concentration. However, the responses to ACTH and angiotensin II were markedly lowered but not abolished. These results strongly suggest a link between cyclic AMP production and steroidogenesis in the zone of the adrenal gland that specifically secretes aldosterone. All four agents used stimulated both steroid output and cyclic AMP accumulation. However, at certain doses of 5-hydroxytryptamine, K(+) and angiotensin II the significant increases in corticosterone output were not accompanied by measurable increases in cyclic AMP accumulation.


Seven lysine isoaccepting tRNA's from polyoma virus-transformed cells.


Binding of 1-norepinephrine to isolated rat fat cell plasma membranes. Evidence against covalent binding and binding to catechol-O-methyl transferase.


Synthesis of polyprenyltolouquinols from homogentisate and polyprenyl pyrophosphates in particulate fractions of Euglena and sugar beet. Chloroplast-rich particles of sugar beet and Euglena gracilis are able to carry out the light-, H(2)O(2)- and O(2)-independent syntheses of a nonaprenyltoluquinol, an octaprenyltoluquinol and a phytyltoluquinol from homogentisate and nonaprenyl, octaprenyl and phytyl pyrophosphate. The formation of these compounds probably takes place by the concomitant polyprenylation (or phytylation) and non-oxidative decarboxylation of homogentisate.


Heme complexes of rabbit hemopexin, human hemopexin and human serum albumin:  electron spin resonance and Mssbauer spectroscopic studies.


The utility of infrared spectroscopy as a probe of intact tissue:  determination of carbon monoxide and hemeproteins in blood and heart muscle.


Phospholipid activation of Lactobacillus plantarum undecaprenyl pyrophosphate synthetase.


Purification of exonuclease (phosphodiesterase) from the venom of Crotalus adamanteus.


Binding of 5S estradiol receptor to poly-deoxynucleotides.


Stimulation of guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate accumulation in rat anterior pituitary gland in vitro by synthetic somatostatin.


Enzyme activated anti-tumour agents. Conjugates of p-hydroxyaniline mustard as substrates for hydrolytic enzymes.


Inhibition of DNA polymerases from RNA tumor viruses by tilorone and congeners: site of action.


Inhibition of cell growth and of purine biosynthesis by allopurinol and 4-aminopyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidine--a comparative study.


Stimulated chloride transport by isolated parietal cells.


Inhibition of platelet aggregation by 2-(p-chlorophenyl)-4-thiazoleacrylic acid (Wy-23,049)--comparison with acetylsalicylic acid.


The effects of catecholamines upon the metabolism of foreign compounds and upon the distribution of perfusate in the isolated liver of the rat.


Effect of alphaxalone, a new intravenous anaesthetic, on oxidative phosphorylation in rabbit brain mitochondria.


Further studies concerning the effects of clofibrate on respiration and oxidative phosphorylation of rat liver mitochondria.


Inhibition of some rat hepatic microsomal enzymes by ethoxyquin.


Occult carcinoma of the breast.

Occult carcinoma of the breast.


Usefulness and limitations of circumferential fibre shortening velocity in evaluating segmental disorders of left ventricular contraction.


Cell mediated immunity to herpesvirus type 1 in carcinoma and pre-cancerous lesions.


Evaluation of host immunity in human neoplasia. II. Discussion.


HL-A antigens and malignant disease.

HL-A antigens and malignant disease.


Immunological aspects of trophoblastic neoplasia.


Immunity to tumours of the murine leukaemia-sarcoma virus complex.


The management of the palatal pleomorphic adenoma.


Significance of serum factors modifying cellular immune responses to growing tumours.


An unusual presentation of rhabdomyosarcoma: a case report.


Transport of nucleosides, nucleic acid bases, choline and glucose by animal cells in culture.


Organisation of proteins in membranes with special reference to the cytochrome oxidase system.


The application of immobilized NAD+ in an enzyme electrode and in model enzyme reactors.


Cytochrome c binding to enzymes and membranes.


Acrylic copolymers as matrices for the immobilization of enzymes. II. The effect of a hydrophobic microenvironment on enzyme reactions studied with alcohol dehydrogenase immobilized to different acrylic copolymers.


Stereochemistry of the L-iditol dehydrogenase catalyzed hydrogen transfer to NAD.


Hepatic sulfite oxidase. Effect of anions on interaction with cytochrome c.


Hepatic sulfite oxidase. Identification of the molybdenum center as the site of irreversible inactivation by ferricyanide.


Glycogen synthesis in mouse Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells. The presence of an endogenous inhibitor for activation of glycogen synthase.


O-phosphoserine phosphatase from bovine brain and kidney. High molecular weight forms occurring during the purification.


Studies on cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase in sea urchin eggs.


Histone kinases and cyclic AMP-binding capacity of nuclei of human tonsillar lymphocytes.


Inorganic pyrophosphatase in cultured cells.


Rat pancreas adenylate cyclase. II. Inactivation and protection of its hormone receptor sites.


Sleep and eye movement patterns in two groups of retardates.


Intramitonchondrial crystalline inclusions in metastatic hypernephroma of the liver.


Influence of glucagon on canalicular bile production in the dog.


Urinary cyclic AMP as an aid in the differential diagnosis of hypercalcemia.


Nasopharyngeal carcinoma. VII. B and T lymphocytes in the circulating blood and in tumour tissue.


Evaluation of bilirubin derivatives for mass spectral analysis.


Large scale enzymatic synthesis of nucleoside-5'-monophosphates using a phosphotransferase from carrots.


Effect of shock following prolonged crushing of soft tissues on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal function.


Effect of sucrose on lipid metabolism in experimental animals and its relation to the fat content of their diet.


Action of cardiac glycosides on the concentrations of adenyl nucleotides and nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotides in the rat myocardium.


Intraendothelial inclusions in systemic lupus erythematosus.


Effect of exogenous cytochrome C on oxidative phosphorylation in the liver of rats with acute toxic hepatitis.


Ultrastructural localization of NAD-pyrophosphorylase in mouse liver nuclei.


Electroendosmosis correction for electrophoretic mobility determined in cells.


The use of 3-acetyl-pyridine adenine dinucleotide in the spectrophotometric assay of enzymatic activities coupled to dehydrogenases of unfavorable equilibrium.


Rapid assays for adenylate cyclase and 3',5' cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase activities. Simultaneous measurements of other pathways of ATP catabolism.


Thin layer gel filtration as a method for routine steroid receptor binding studies.


In vivo preparation of (32P) adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate.


A simple and highly sensitive method for sequence determination of 32P-labeled oligonucleotides.


Effect of pharmacological blockade on lithium-induced water drinking. Administration of lithium chloride (40 mg/kg i.p.) led to a significant increase in 24 h water intake of rats. Prior administration of propranolol and haloperidol blocked the effect of lithium while atropine failed to show such an effect. The dipsogenic effect of lithium is probably exerted through beta-adrenergic and dopaminergic pathways.


Proceedings: Influence of postaglandins and oestrus cycle on the spasmodic action of angiotensin II and oxytocin on rat uterus.


Proceedings: Oestradiol binding in neonatal rat brain cytosol.


A study of the metabolic requirements for the contractile action of angiotensin upon guinea-pig ileum. 1 Acetylcholine and angiotensin elicit a contraction of guinea-pig ileum. The metabolic requirements for these actions have been investigated.2 The angiotensin-induced response was far more dependent upon the presence of glucose than was the response to acetylcholine.3 Anoxia and oxidative enzyme inhibition preferentially reduced the angiotensin-induced response.4 The significance of these results is discussed. It is concluded that the response to angiotensin is dependent upon an ATP source distinct from that required by the contractile process. It is further shown that this energy-dependent stage cannot be identified with the indirect, cholinergic component of the angiotensin response in this tissue.


Proceedings: The effect of tetraethylammonium (TEA) on the anococcygeus muscle and on its response to motor and to inhibitory nerve stimulation.


Long-term infusion of growth hormone release inhibiting hormone in acromegaly: effects on pituitary and pancreatic hormones. Growth hormone release inhibiting hormone (GH-RIH) was infused at a rate of 1.3 mug/min for 28 hours into four patients with acromegaly, two of whom also had clinical diabetes mellitus. Growth hormone and glucagon were suppressed throughout the infusion though delayed secretion of insulin occurred in association with both meals and an oral glucose load. Glucose tolerance was improved in one diabetic patient who was taking chlorpropamide while the other required much less insulin than usual. Secretion of endogenous thyroid-stimulating hormone was lowered in one euthyroid patient on carbimazole. Luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, ACTH, and prolactin were not affected. Serum somatomedin levels were reduced in one patient. There was a rapid rebound of all the suppressed hormones when the infusions stopped. Longer-acting analogues of GH-RIH will be needed before long-term therapy of acromegaly or diabetes mellitus becomes possible, but such preparations should be available soon for clinical trial.


Letter: neuropathy due to cytosine arabinoside.


Blood and neoplastic diseases. Management of solid tumours-surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy.


Blood and neoplastic diseases. Solid tumours in children.


Food intake and amphetamine anorexia after selective forebrain norepinephrine loss.


Changes in the activity of respiratory neurons during sleep.


Multiple sites of spike initiation in a single dendritic system.


The effect of diethyl ester L-glutamate on evoked excitatory junction potentials at the crustacean neuromuscular junction.


5-Hydroxydopamine 'tagged' neuronal boutons in rabbit neostriatum: interrelationship between vesicles and axonal membrane.


The origin of the dopamine nerve terminals in limbic and frontal cortex. Evidence for meso-cortico dopamine neurons.


The reliability of selective media for the enumeration of unheated and heated staphylococci.


Does hypolipidemic therapy prevent coronary heart disease?


The ultrastructure of the human fetal pineal gland. I. Cell types and blood vessels.


Ultrastructural studies on the development of the nerve supply in the rabbit pars intermedia.


Morphometric analysis of the midgut of female Aedes aegypti (L.) (Insecta, Diptera) under various physiological conditions.


Ovulation and the mechanism of follicle rupture. IV. Ultrastructure of membrana granulosa of rabbit graafian follicles prior to induced ovulation.


Catalase-like crystals in parathyroid gland cells of Rana temporaria L.


The fine structure of prostomial photoreceptors in Eulalia viridis (Polychaeta; Annelida).


Effects of ACTH on organelle interrelationships in the corpus luteum of the pregnant deermouse.


Cytologic observations on the secretory cells of the chin (submandibular) gland and brown inguinal gland in the rabbit.


Primary tissue culture of human adult adrencortical cells. Methodology and electron microscopic observations on ACTH-deprived and ACTH-treated cortical cells.


An ultrastructural and electrophysiological study of the development of neuro-muscular junctions between previously dissociated foetal rat cells in vitro.


In vitro synthesis of methylated messenger RNA by the virion-associated RNA polymerase of vesicular stomatitis virus.


Alterations leading to increased ribonucleotide reductase in cells selected for resistance to deoxynucleosides.


The effect of cyclic nucleotides on purine biosynthesis and the induction of PRPP synthetase during lymphocyte activation.


Increased urinary excretion of pyrimidine and nicotinamide derivatives in rats treated with methyl methanesulphonate.


Specificity and inhibition of an amylase present in the testicular tissue of the rat.


Repair replication of opossum lymphocyte DNA: effect of compounds that bind to DNA.


Evaluation of the precipitation-in-gel reaction in the diagnosis of smallpox. Specimens of vesicular or pustular fluids and of scabs from patients with smallpox as well as emulsions of variola-infected chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) were tested for virus titres and by the precipitation-in-gel (PIG) reaction. They were also tested after exposing them directly to sunlight and after keeping them at temperatures of -20 degrees C, 4 degrees C, and 25 degrees C. It was found that when extracts of fresh specimens were diluted to the point where the PIG reaction became negative there was still a titre of 10(4)-10(5) infectivity in the swab extracts and 10(3)-10(4) infectivity in the scab extracts. It was also found that the PIG reactions were all negative on specimens that were kept for 14 days at 25 degrees C, and that several were negative after only 7 days; the loss in infectivity titre, however, was only slight in all the specimens tested. It is concluded that the laboratory diagnosis of smallpox by virus inoculation of CAM is more reliable than by the PIG test.


Transmission of the virus of foot and mouth disease between animals and man. The virus of foot and mouth disease causes severe epizootics in animals and infrequently evokes painful, but transient, clinical signs in man. Adults in certain occupational groups and young children are particularly exposed to risk. Infected persons may disseminate virus for up to about 14 days. The virus can be transmitted from animals to animals, from animals to man, from man to animals and, probably, from man to man. Evidence for transfer of the disease between human and animal populations is reviewed in detail and modern methods of diagnosis are described. Predisposing factors play an important role in the development of overt foot and mouth disease in man. Subclinical infection occurs. The possibility of aerial transfer of the virus between man and domestic livestock constitutes a hazard, especially to the latter. Attention is directed to the need for sophisticated diagnostic techniques, to requirements for adequate precautions in the handling and disposal of affected animals, and to hygienic measures for disease control.


Rehabilitation of the cancer patient: its role in the scheme of comprehensive care.


Editorial: the current status of feline leukemia virus research.


Simple siliceous pneumoconiosis of Bedouin females in the Negev desert.


Determination of drugs in biologic specimens--a review.


Computer programs for ESR spectral analysis.


Adrenal function in patients receiving medroxyprogesterone acetate.


Investigations on the use of testosterone oenanthate as a male contraceptive agent. The effect of exogenous testosterone on male gonadal function was in vestigated by applying a practical dose schedule of weekly injections of testosterone enanthate.  7 healthy young males received 22 intramuscular injections of 250 mg testosterone enanthate once a week for a period of 21 weeks.  Mean sperm counts were reduced from a pretreatment value of 73 million sperm/ml to below 3 million sperm/ml within 9 weeks of testosterone administration and remained so during the whole treatment period.  A marked recovery of spermatogenesis did not occur before 13 weeks after testosterone withdrawal, when the mean sperm count rose to 63 million sperm/ml.  Changes of the mean sperm motility and percentage of normal sperm morphology generally paralleled those of the mean sperm concentration, whereas the mean semen volume, libido, potency, and secondary sex characteristics remained unaffected.  A consistently azoospermic semen was not developed by any individual.  This and the fact that sperm counts in 3 out of 7 males still showed some depression of spermatogenesis at the end of the observation period of 28 weeks after testosterone withdrawal indicate that testosterone enanthate admin istered in the  described dose schedule is not a safe male contraceptive agent.  However, further research on the use of hormones for the control of fertility in men seems warranted.


Histopathology and histochemistry of the insects treated with chemosterilants. V. Nucleic acids, phospholipids and phosphatases in the female reproductive organs of chemosterilized Poecilocerus pictus.


Ligand-induced oligomerization and regulatory mechanism.


Antiviral 1,3,4-thiadiazoles. I. Action on multiplication of Mengo Virus in FL cells.


New data on three types of anahormones (anahormones of LH, GH, ACTH, lipotropin, calcitonin and parathyroid hormone).


Phospholipid metabolism in embryonic rat fibroblasts following stimulation by a combination of the serum proteins S1 and S2.


Molecular morphology of ribosomes. Structural considerations of Escherichia coli ribosomal subunits utilizing lactoperoxidase-catalyzed iodination of ribosomal proteins.


Nitrate reductase as a product-inducible enzyme.


On the structure of phenylalanine tRNA from yeast. Spin-label studies.


Precursors of cytochrome oxidase in cytochrome-oxidase-deficient cells of Neurospora crassa. Comparison of the nuclear mutant cni-1, the cytoplasmic mutant mi-1, and copper-depleted wild type.


Dose-limiting tissues in relation to types and location of tumours: implications for efforts to improve radiation dose distributions.


The influence of body weight and cell size on lipogenesis and lipolysis of isolated rat fat cells.


Effects of papaverine on the rabbit ileum under the influence of altered temperature and extracellular Ca2+.


Hypertriglyceridaemia secondary to liver disease.


The contribution of adherent films of liquid on the cut surfaces of mouse brain slices to tissue water and "extracellular" marker space.


An intracellular analysis of visual cortical neurones to moving stimuli: response in a co-operative neuronal network.


Comparative toxicity on leukocytes and platelets of two regimens of CCNU: the relationship between maximum dose and optimum dose.


Post-tetanic effect on dorsal root reflex and flexor reflex in the forelimb of cats.


Responses of interpositus neurones to inputs from muscle receptors.


Biological properties of a C-type leuko-virus isolated from mouse myeloma cells.


Electrophysiological properties of lateral reticular nucleus cells: I. Antidromic activation.


Function Organization of primate oculomotor system revealed by cerebellectomy.


Electrophysiological properties of lateral reticular nucleus cells: II. Synaptic activation.


The lateral reticular nucleus in the cat. I. Mossy fibre distribution in cerebellar cortex.


The lateral reticular nucleus in the cat. II. Organization of component activated from bilateral ventral flexor reflex tract (bVFRT).


Ultrahistochemical demonstration of periodate reactive and alpha-amino groups in experimental amyloid.


Paradoxical sleep and avoidance learning of Swiss white mice after early undernutrition by raising in large litters.


The effect of reserpine and chlorimipramine on glycogen content in different brain structures of rat.


Preliminary note on the occurrence of a biological compound showing fluorescence characteristics similar to that of NADH.


Mechanism of rearrangement of penicillin V (S)-sulfoxide into delta-2 and delta-3-cephem compounds.


A convenient colourimetric method for routine assay of brain adenylate cyclase.


Determination of the oxidation-reduction potential of the bound iron-sulphur proteins of the primary electron acceptor complex of photosystem I in spinach chloroplasts.


2,3-Diphosphoglycerate synthesis by human white ghosts.


Sequence analysis of the 3'-T1 oligonucleotide of 16S ribosomal RNA from Escherichia coli.


Glutamine phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase: increased activity in hepatomas.


Effects of hormones on cyclic AMP release from rat adipose tissue in vitro.


Isolation of the regulatory subunit of pig-brain histone kinase by affinity chromatography on cyclic-AMP-containing adsorbent.


Inhibition of protein synthesis in tendon cells by extracts from experimental granulation tissue.


Periplasmic CO-binding c-type cytochrome in a marine bacterium.


Consequences of the intracellular distribution of cyclic 3',5'-nucleotides phosphodiesterases.


Neurophysin methylation in extracts of bovine posterior pituitary gland: hormone binding ability.


Effect of ionophore A23187 on thyroid secretion.


Rapid, light-induced changes of retinal cyclic GMP levels.


Inhibition of mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase by 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone.


Phosphorylation of protein components of isolated zymogen granule membranes from the rat pancreas.


Two precursor 5S RNA species in Bacillus licheniformis: characterization and partial analysis of primary structure.


Presence of a cyclic-AMP-binding protein in Jerusalem artichoke rhizome tissues.


Chloroplast and non-chloroplast adenosine-3':5'-cyclic-monophosphate-receptor-proteins in Euglena gracilis.


Morphine antagonizes the action of prostaglandin in neuroblastoma cells but not of prostaglandin and noradrenaline in glioma and glioma times fibroblast hybrid cells.


Interaction of Chinese hamster embryonic cells with the helper-dependent Rous sarcoma virus.


Significance of acid amyloglucosidase in sulphonylurea-induced insulin release.


Mechanism of actinomycin resistance in SV40-transformed hamster cells.


Chemical and enzymatic changes in microsomes of chicken livers following stimulation by oestrogens.


Hormone-induced maturation of Xenopus laevis oocytes: effects of different steroids and study of the properties of a progesterone receptor.


Effect of cholera toxin on insulin release in monolayer cultures of the endocrine pancreas.


Cyclic AMP-elevating agents inhibit proliferation of keratinizing guinea pig epidermal cells.


Abnormal regulation of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase: a hypothesis for the development of cancer of nerve cells.


Intercellular interactions in eukaryotic homeostasis.


Mono- and triphosphate nucleotides, adenylatecyclase and phosphodiesterase activities in the intestine of normal or prolactin-treated Bufo bufo larvae.


Studies of metabolism in embryonic development. VI. Cortisol-binding proteins of trout embryos.


Misrepair mutagenesis in bacteriophage T4. The T4 mutations px, y and 1206 inactivate an error-prone recombination-like repair system, reducing or abolishing mutagenesis by UV irradiation, MMS, and white light irradiation in the presence of the photosensitizer 8MOP. Both px and y increase some spontaneous mutation rates and slightly enhance proflavin mutagenesis; neither mutation affects thymineless or 2AP mutagenesis appreciably, but both mildly enhance 5BU mutagenesis. The mutation hm promotes UV, MMS, photodynamic, thymineless, and base analog mutagenesis, in addition to spontaneous base pair substitution mutation. It does not, however, markedly affect proflavin mutagenesis. The px mutation maps in the vicinity of genes 41-56, and the hm mutation maps in the vicinity of genes rI-v.


Variation of mutagenic action on nonsense mutants at different sites in the iso-1-cytochrome c gene of yeast. Three ochre and two amber mutants in yeast have been definitively identified by the amino acid replacements in iso-1-cytochromes c from intragenic revertants. Except for rare and sometimes unusual changes, all of the replacements were single amino acids whose codons differed from UAA or UAG by one base. These assignments, which were based on the absence of tryptophan replacements in ochre revertants, could be corroborated from the studies of two groups of suppressors that were shown to act on either the ochre or amber mutants. All five nonsense mutants are located at different sites in the cyc1 gene and all are at sites that can be occupied by amino acids having a wide range of structures. The relative frequencies of the amino acid replacements indicate that identical codons located at different sites may respond differently to a mutagenic agent. Notably glutamine replacements occurred almost exclusively in UV-induced revertants of only one ochre mutant cyc1-9, but not at all or at reduced proportions in the others. Similarly, lysine replacements occurred almost exclusively in the NA-induced revertants of only the ochre mutant cyc1-72, but not at all in the others. These and other results reveal that mutation of A.T base pairs by UV and nitrous acid are dependent upon the location of the codon within the gene as well as the location of the base pair within the codon. From these findings, it appears as if the type of base-pair changes induced by UV and nitrous acid are strongly influenced by adjacent nucleotide sequences.


Histochemical study of traumatized muscle.


Gelatinous adenocarcinoma of the renal pelvis.


Carcinogenicity of synthetic aflatoxin M1 in rats.


Histoenzymological observations of the response to injury and regeneration of the frog myocardium.


Educating for discharge planning.

Educating for discharge planning.


Hereditary malignant hyperpyrexia associated with muscle adenylate kinase deficiency.


Osteo-onychodysostosis: a new family.

Osteo-onychodysostosis: a new family.


Nephroblastoma in adult--a case report.

Nephroblastoma in adult--a case report.


Uncommon polypoid tumours of nasal cavity.


Biological and biochemical studies on thioacetamide induced hepatocarcinogenesis.


Soft tissue tumours. I. Benign tumours.

Soft tissue tumours. I. Benign tumours.


Malignant granular cell myoblastoma--report of a case.


Soft tissue tumours. 2. Malignant tumours.


Fatty acid composition of phospholipids and the phosphatidyl inositomannoside-antigens of mycobacteria.


Contribution on the clinical aspects and therapy of bronchial adenoma.


Cytomegalovirus infection in Pondicherry (South India)--a serological survey.


Serial study of plasma angiotensin, electrolytes and juxta-glomerular index in experimental renal hypertension of monkeys.


evaluation of egg inoculation and precipitation in gel test for laboratory diagnosis of smallpox.


Adreno-cortical function tests in lepra reaction.


Agar gel-diffusion test with the sera of rabbits and monkeys inoculated with different strains of vaccinia virus.


Clostridium perfringens in hospital patients.


Primary bladder stone disease in children--crystallisation studies with special reference to urinary excretion of pyrophosphates.


Hyperlipoproteinemia type V (a case report).


113Sn/113Inm radioisotope generator systems.


A neuron model for simulation of frequency response characteristics.


Metronidazole ('Flagyl'): a pulse radiolysis and e.s.r. study.


Multiplicity reactivation of human cytomegalovirus inactivated by ultra-violet light.


Radicals in irradiated monocrystals of the base-pair complex 9-ethyl adenine: 1-methyl uracil.


Alcohol and nervous system with special reference to the enolic neuropathies.


Some biochemical effects of ethanol on CNS.


RNA polymerase activity and inhibition in herpesvirus-infected cells.


Community psychiatric nursing in Britain: an historical review.


Enhanced replication of temperature-sensitive mutants of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) at the nonpermissive temperature in cells transformed by HSV-2.


On a new inhibition of poliovirus RNA replication.


A compendium of herpesviruses isolated from non-human primates.


Landre-Guillain-Barre syndrome associated with recent herpes virus hominis infection.


Thyroid lymphography.

Thyroid lymphography.


Prevalence of endogenous oncornavirus in guinea pigs.


Successive overlapping outbreaks of febrile pharyngitis and pharyngoconjunctival fever associated with adenovirus types 2 and 7, in a Kibbutz.


Lipase activities in the lungs of rats subjected to experimental hypertriglyceridemia and fat embolism.


Feline leukemia virus and public health awareness.


Chloramphenicol--induced peripheral neuropathy (a case report).


Erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in diabetes (maturity onset).


Hepatic lymphography in cirrhosis of the liver.


The modulation of sensory input and motor output in autistic children.


Use of mannitol as an internal standard in the gas-liquid chromatography of methyl glycosides.


Gas chromatographic analysis of the Alternaria metabolite, tenuazonic acid.


Thin-layer chromatographic study of isoquinoline alkaloids with BN-CHAMBER.


Proceedings: Structural modifications of fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase and its regulation by histidine under gluconeogenic conditions.


Skeletal immaturity in psychiatrically disturbed adolescents.


Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. a survey of children treated between 1963 and 1972 at Children's Memorial Hospital, Chicago.


The nature of emergency room follow-up care.


Exaggerated response to levodopa. A case of "contaminated parkinsonism".


Characterization of NAD glycohydrolase from lymph duct lymphocytes.


New solvent systems for the separation of free and conjugated bile acids.


Proceedings: Metabolism of carbamyl phosphate in donkey liver.


Significance of the Apgar score in the evaluation of mental retardation.


Periodate-lysine-paraformaldehyde fixative. A new fixation for immunoelectron microscopy.


Modification of human neutrophil response to endotoxin with polymyxin B sulfate.


Comparison of the effects of enterotoxins of Shigella dysenteriae and Vibrio cholerae on the adenylate cyclase system of the rabbit intestine.


Fecal Clostridium perfringens and rheumatoid arthritis.


Indication and technique for the reconstruction of nerve defects in head and neck.


Proceedings: Control of steroidogenesis in adrenal tissue from the developing opossum, Didelphis marsupialis virginiana.


Proceedings: Differences between the patterns of corticotrophin and luteinizing hormone release by perifused rat pituitaries in response to hypophysiotropic substances.


Proceedings: In-vitro release of corticotrophin by the pars intermedia of the rainbow trout pituitary.


The breast cancer discriminant: effect of age, obesity, hirsutism, starvation, and changes in adrenocortical and gonadal activity.


Nuclear and cytoplasmic oestrogen receptors in vaginal and uterine tissue of mice treated neonatally with steroids and prolactin.


Proceedings: The development of radioimmunoassays for 18-hydroxycorticosterone and 18-hydroxy-11-deoxycorticosterone.


Diurnal changes in plasma testosterone and studies on plasma corticosteroids in non-anaesthetized male rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta).


Release of 131I from the ovary of the laying Japanese quail after injection of perchlorate, thiocyanate or iodide.


The non-electrogenic nature of angiotensin-stimulated sodium transport.


Plasma concentrations of cortisol in hypophysectomized and sodium chloride-adapted goldfish (Carassius auratus L.).


Proceedings: Evidence for a specific oestradiol-binding protein in neonatal rat brain.


Proceedings: Familial glucocorticoid deficiency.


Proceedings: Human placental oestradiol-17beta dehydrogenase affinity labelled at the active region.


Proceedings: The relationship between oestradiol-17beta receptor concentration and endogenous oestradiol-17beta in human breast tumour tissue.


Proceedings: Factors influencing the stimulation of prostatic RNA polymerase by 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone-receptor complexes.


Proceedings: The thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor and thyroid-stimulating antibodies.


Pharmacological studies on a locust neuromuscular preparation.


The possible involvement of brain microtubules in memory fixation.


Pharmacological induction of plasticization in the abdominal cuticle of Rhodnius.


Estimation of age from skeletal remains.


Equilibrium potential for the postsynaptic response in the squid giant synapse. The reversal potential for the EPSP in the squid giant synapse has been studied by means of an intracellular, double oil gap technique. This method allows the electrical isolation of a portion of the axon from the rest of the fiber and generates a quasi-isopotential segment. In order to make the input resistance of this nerve segment as constant as possible, the electroresponsive properties of the nerve membrane were blocked by intracellular injection of tetraethylammonium (TEA) and local extracellular application of tetrodotoxin (TTX). Thus, EPSP's could be evoked in the isolated segment with a minimal amount of electroresponsive properties. The reversal potential for the EPSP (EEPSP) was measured by recording the synaptic potential or the synaptic current during voltage clamping. The results indicate that EEPSP may vary from +15 to +25 mV, which is more positive than would be expected for a 1:1 conductance change for Na(+) and K(+) (approximately -15 mV) and too negative for a pure Na(+) conductance ((+)40 mV). This latter value (E(Na)) was directly determined in the voltage clamp experiments. The results suggest that the synaptic potential is probably produced by a permeability change to Na(+) to K(+) in a 4:1 ratio. No change in time-course was observed in the synaptic current at clamp levels of -100 and +90 mV. The implications of a variable ratio for Na(+)-K(+) permeability in subsynaptic-postsynaptic membranes are discussed.


Adenovirus antigens: a model system in mice for subunit vaccination.


Mechanism of interferon induction by NDV: A MONOLAYER AND SINGLE CELL STUDY.


Isolation and preliminary characterization of temperature-sensitive mutants of Sindbis virus strain AR339.


Lysosomal enzyme activity in poliovirus-infected HeLa cells and vesicular stomatitis virus-infected L cells: biochemical and histochemical comparative analysis with computer-aided techniques.


Artificial assembly of envelope particles of HVJ (Sendai virus). Fusion activity of envelope particles.


Herpes simplex virus-induced enhancement of mitochondrial DNA synthesis in the absence of virus replication.


Anterior interosseous nerve palsy: spontaneous recovery in two patients. The case histories of two patients who developed an anterior interosseous nerve palsy apparently as a result of an external pressure injury are reported. Both patients recovered fully without surgical exploration, one 19 months and the other nine months after the onset. It is stressed that complete recovery may occur spontaneously.


The cerebellum in mucopolysaccharidosis. A histological, histochemical, and ultrastructural study. Studies in the morphology, histochemistry, and ultrastructure of the cerebellum, with special reference to the Purkinje cell dendrites, have been undertaken in eight cases of gargoylism. The results suggest that the demonstration of ovoid swellings of the Purkinje cell dendrites by the Cajal method for the cerebellum, together with certain histochemical findings, may enable a diagnosis of mucopolysaccharidosis to be made. Possible mechanisms for the formation of these swellings are briefly discussed.


Toxic polyneuropathy due to glue-sniffing. Report of two cases with a light and electron-microscopic study of the peripheral nerves and muscles.


Encephalitis associated with carcinoma. Central hypoventilation syndrome and cytoplasmic inclusion bodies. A case of encephalitis associated with a remote and occult oat cell carcinoma is presented in which the main clinical features were progressive dementia and central hypoventilation syndrome. The only significant anatomical lesions within the known anatomical substrate of respiration affected the locus caeruleus on both sides. It is speculated that the degeneration of the locus caeruleus was responsible for the central hypoventilation syndrome. Hitherto undescribed neuronal intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusions were found in an isolated lesion of the insular cortex. Electron microscopy failed to disclose viral particles in the regions of neuronal degeneration.


GM1 gangliosidosis.

GM1 gangliosidosis.


Ultrastructural changes of muscle in malignant hyperthermia.


Oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy. A case with abnormal mitochondria and "fingerprint" inclusions.


Ultrastructural demonstration of neuronal storage in fetal Tay-Sachs disease.


Neutralizing antibodies to poliovirus and mumps virus in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.


Leiomyosarcoma of the breast originating from myothelium (myoepithelium).


Biochemical and ultrastructural studies on subacute sclerosing panencephalitis and demyelination.


Greater frequency of viral respiratory infections in asthmatic children as compared with their nonasthmatic siblings. A longitudinal clincal and microbiologic surveillance was conducted from October to May, 1971-72, on 16 children with infectious asthma and 15 of their nonasthmatic siblings. Asthmatic children experienced a significantly greater frequency of viral respiratory infections than did nonasthmatic ones (5.1 vs. 3.8 per subject). This increased incidence appeared to be largely the result of a greater number of rhinovirus infections. While respiratory infections of identical etiology that occurred concurrently in an asthmatic and his sibling were equivalent in severity, illnesses were longer (but not significantly so) in asthmatic children.


Cerebrospinal fluid: presence of virus unaccompanied by pleocytosis.


Pertussis: persistent problems.

Pertussis: persistent problems.


Proceedings: Increase in the cyclic AMP content of rat striatum produced by a cyclic analogue of dopamine.


Proceedings: Halothane and the depression of synaptic transmission through the perforant path synapses of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampal formation.


Calcium release in relation to permeability changes in toad bladder epithelium following antidiuretic hormone. 1. Methods for measuring the release of (45)Ca from isolated urinary bladders of toads (Bufo marinus) pre-loaded with this isotope have been devised. One method allowed separate collection from the mucosal and serosal surfaces of the bladders.2. Reducing the ambient calcium concentration reduced the rate of (45)Ca efflux suggesting that efflux of radiolabel represents calcium exchange.3. Antidiuretic hormone, theophylline and prostaglandin E(1) all increased calcium efflux, while lanthanum and amphotericin were without effect. Cyclic AMP caused only an inhibition of calcium release.4. The increase in (45)Ca efflux due to antidiuretic hormone came exclusively from the mucosal side. Experiments with EGTA suggest that the calcium entering the mucosal solution arises mainly from superficial sites in the mucosal membrane.5. The release of (45)Ca by hormone was not influenced by removal of sodium from the bathing solution. Low pH and amiloride reduced or abolished calcium release to hormone.6. The time course of calcium release from the mucosal surface due to hormone was rapid (commencing between 0.5 and 1.5 min after hormone application). Thus calcium release precedes the increase in sodium transport and hydro-osmotic flow following hormone, and appears to be at least as rapid as cyclic AMP generation in the tissue.7. The relationship between calcium release or exchange and the permeability changes in the bladder to water and to sodium, following hormone, are discussed.


East meets west: a transcultural aspect of the nurse-patient relationship.


The pediatric nurse practitioner and preventive community mental health.


Issues between professional and paraprofessional nursing staff in community mental health.


The Cinderella syndrome--young women in crisis.


Preventive intervention: healing in West Africa.


The orgins of stromal reaction in breast carcinoma.


Arteriovenous aneurysm due to glomangioma.


Rehabilitating heroin addicts.

Rehabilitating heroin addicts.


Transactional analysis strategies for dealing with pain.


Methadone maintenance.

Methadone maintenance.


Family nurse therapist: a model of communication.


Psychiatric drugs and trends.

Psychiatric drugs and trends.


Attempts to detect cytomegalovirus and rubella virus in infants with indirect inguinal hernias.


Modification of the lymphocyte response to mitogens by cyclic AMP and GMP.


Patterning for a constructive relationship in problem isolation.


Geriatrics: historical background & social security analysis.


An energy filter for biological electron microscopy.


Cell communication: a cyclic AMP mediated phenomenon.


Direct determination of DNA nucleotide sequences: structure of a fragment of bacteriophage phiX172 DNA.


Los Angeles teen challenge: a resocialization program for drug abusers.


Letter to the editor: Fusion of Sendai viruses with model membranes.


Hemophilus aegyptius restriction edonuclease cleavage map of the simian virus 40 genome and its colinear relation with the hemophilus influenzae cleavage map of SV40.


Caring for patients with alcohol problems.


The methylated nucleotide sequences in HELA cell ribosomal RNA and its precursors.


International Trends: nursing in a changing world.


A comparison of the denatured states of alpha-lactalbumin and lysozyme.


The clinical specialist as a change agent.


Structure of two adenovirus-simian virus 40 hybrids which contain the entire SV40 genome.


Deletion mutants of simian virus 40 generated by enzymatic excision of DNA segments from the viral genome.


Structural and functional similarities within the coenzyme binding domains of dehydrogenases.


Relaxation spectra of the iron spin transition in methemoglobin.


Selective experimental chelation of calcium in the sinus node.


Serological evidence of arbovirus infection in febrile hospitalized patients in Jakarta, Indonesia during 1970-71.


Factors influencing the establishment of persistent infection of HVJ (Sendai virus)in L cells.


Studies on complement-fixation reaction in equine infectious anemia. I. Development and activities of complement-fixing and complement fixation-inhibiting antibodies.


Studies on the neutralization of herpes simplex virus. VII. Reevaluation of the equilibrium theory concerning the unneutralizable persistent fraction.


Studies on the mechanism and prevention of local recurrence of carcinoma at the suture line after colonic resection.


A pathologic-anatomical feature of carcinoma of large bowel in Japan.


Cryptosporidiosis in the intestines of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta).


Effectiveness of footwear decontamination methods for preventing the spread of infectious agents.


Iron balance in the mouse.

Iron balance in the mouse.


Fetal and postnatal growth retardation associated with gestational mumps virus infection of the rhesus monkey.


An evaluation of requirements for pathological incineration facilities.


Population frequency of erythrocyte antigens in the rhesus monkey.


Cysticercosis in rabbits: incidence and lesions of the naturally occurring disease in young domestic rabbits.


Evaluating feeding cycles of small rodents.


Pasteurella multocida infection in the opossum (Didelphis virginiana).


An isolator for the collection of feces from chickens infected with coccidia.


The time and pattern of eruption of the permanent teeth of the cat.


An improved method for fibrin clot recovery.


Mechanical milk collection from mice for Bittner virus isolation.


Naturally occurring Sendai virus disease of mice.


An ultrahigh-efficiency filter for use with flexible film germfree animal isolators.


Exteriorized ureters in the dog.

Exteriorized ureters in the dog.


A simple method for repeated plasmapheresis of the horse.


Effects of off-frequency detection in brief-tone audiometry.


Hepatic artery-portal vein fistula with hepatic cirrhosis, hepatoma and bleeding esophageal varices.


Primary linitis plastica carcinoma of the colon.


Learning, brain noradrenaline and the pituitary--adrenal axis.


Selective metabolic pathways for noradrena-line in the peripheral and in the central nervous system.


Detection and differentiation of primary hyperlipoproteinemias.


Effect of 6-hydroxydopamine on agonistic behaviour elicited by stimulation of the hypothalamus in the cat.


Sensitized guinea-pig lung: altered adenylate cyclase stimulation by epinephrine.


Fine structural changes in the lateral vestibular nucleus of aging rats.


Skin cancer.

Skin cancer.


Lipids of cultured hepatoma cells: V. Distribution of isomeric monoene fatty acids in individual lipid classes.


Lipids of cultured hepatoma cells: IV. Effect of serum and lipid upon cellular and media neutral lipids.


Mammalian membrane marker enzymes: sensitive assay for 5'-nucleotidase and assay for mammalian 2',3'-cyclic-nucleotide-3'-phosphohydrolase.


Isolation and characterization of glycosphingolipid from animal cells and their membranes.


Spin-label measurements in membranes. With appendix: a use of computers in EPR spectroscopy.


C55-isoprenoid alcohol phosphokinase: an enzyme soluble in organic solvents.


Cell hybridization.

Cell hybridization.


Coulter electronic particle counter assay.


Assays for agglutination with lectins,.

Assays for agglutination with lectins,.


An assay for labeled lectin binding to cell surfaces.


High-yield preparation of morphologically intact isolated parenchymal cells from rat liver.


Isolation of adult rat liver macrophages (Kupffer cells).


Isolation of renal tubules.

Isolation of renal tubules.


Isolation of adrenal cortex cells--hormone responses.


The isolation and culture of thyroid cells.


Isolation of intestinal mucosa cells.

Isolation of intestinal mucosa cells.


Yeast lipid mutants: isolation, maintenance, and spin label studies.


Ribonucleic acid synthesis in rinderpest virus infected cells.


Measles, canine distemper and respiratory syncytial virions and nucleocapsids. A comparative study of their structure, polypeptide and nucleic acid composition.


Pathogenetic aspects of measles virus infections.


Parainfluenza 1 virus and multiple sclerosis: the conversion of 6/94 virus released from human brain cells and other mammalian cells into and infectious form by passage in macrophages.


Isolation, genetics and survival characteristics of thermo-sensitive mutants of yeast.


Electrophoretic protein and enzyme patterns and antigenic structure in Verticillium dahliae and V. albo-atrum.


Isolation of bovine rhinovirus from calves with respiratory disease.


Isolation of bacteria and viruses from aborted bovine fetuses.


Ocular flutter and downbeat nystagmus: a case with supratentorial origin?


Neural neoplasms in Thailand: a study of 2,897 cases.


Gastrointestinal involvement in von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis.


Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus and its role in bovine abortion.


Osteochondromatosis of the temporomandibular joint. Report of a case.


The epidemiology of Type 2 (genital) herpes simplex virus infection.


The dentinal changes in regional odontodysplasia.


Effects of phenylbutazone on the activities of cathepsin D, collagenolytic cathepsin and collagen peptidase in turpentine-induced granuloma.


The long term effects of infection in early life (long view II). Presidential Address delivered at the Symposium on the Long Term Effects of Events in Early Life, American Pediatric Society annual meeting, May 1, 1974, Washington, D.C.


Studies on the pathogenetic mechanism of I-cell disease in cultured fibroblasts.


Nursing care study: fructose-1, 6-diphosphatase deficiency-1.


Fructose-1, 6 diphosphatase deficiency. 2.


Bronchial asthma.

Bronchial asthma.


Rapid method for the isolation of plasma membranes from a murine fibrosarcoma using an aqueous two-phase polymer system.


Dual infection with endogenous herpes- and C-type viruses in cultured cells derived from normal and leukemic guinea pigs.


Cyclic AMP and thyroid hormone: inhibition of epiphyseal cartilage cyclic 3',5'-nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity by L-triiodothyronine.


Tumor facilitation in a syngeneic host-tumor system.


Influence of ouabain on active sodium transport, stimulated by cyclic nucleotides across the frog skin in vivo.


Production of herpes simplex antisera with increased type specificity in guinea pigs by antibody suppression.


Effects of glucagon upon rat liver mitochondria in vivo.


Infectious diseases: annual review of significant publications.


Angiotensin antagonist and possible release of catecholamine.


Irreversible inhibition of angiotensin II activity on the rat uterus by an alkylating angiotensin derivative.


The origin of an E.S.R signal at g equals 2.03 from normal rabbit liver and the effects of nitrites upon it.


Induction of free radicals in DNA by proflavine and visible light: influence of oxygen and ionic strength.


Hormonal stimulation of substrate utilization in brown adipose tissue of cold acclimated rats.


A comparison of thermal neutron and gamma ray sensitivities of common TLD materials.


REM sleep deprivation impairs bar-press acquisition in rats.


Determination of renin activity of kidney homogenates.


The cytochrome and phospholipid content of the mitochondrial membrane of the neonatal and adult rat kidney.


Influence of ACTH and adrenal hormones on the amplitude and habituation of the flexor reflex.


The metabolic activity and equipment of the mitochondrial membranes of different tissues.


Endocrine alterations in delirium tremens.


The influence of pituitary peptides on brain centers controlling autonomic responses.


The ontogenetic development of hypothalamo-hypophyseal relations.


The parafasicular area as the site of action of ACTH analogs on avoidance behavior.


The adrenal glands, estrogen, and the control of parturition in the guinea pig.


Psychobiological aspects of lactation in rats.


Effects of adrenalectomy and treatments with ACTH and glucocorticoids on isolation-induced aggressive behavior in male albino mice.


Nicotine and its metabolities. IV. Formation of the nicotine analogue of DPN by pig brain DPNase.


Effect of epinephrine and adenosine cyclic 3',5' - monophosphate on heart mitochondrial and microsomal calcium uptake.


Adrenergic subsensitivity of the rat brain during chronic ethanol ingestion.


The increase of cyclic AMP in rat's brain during anoxia.


Experimental infection of sheep with a type 3 reovirus of ovine origin.


Adenocarcinoma of the lung 101 cases including 32 cases of bronchiolar cell carcinoma. A histopathological study.


Short-term psychiatric care from a theoretical planning and empirical point of view.


Cellular mode of action of diuretics.

Cellular mode of action of diuretics.


Genetic bases of the UV resistance of Salmonella. Communication II. uvrB-mutants of Salmonella abony.


The impact of scientific models on clinical psychopharmacology: an internist's view.


Origin of recessive lethal mutations suppressed by the Y chromosome in Drosophila melanogaster under the influence of radiation and ethyl methanesulfonate.


Blood groups of the ABO system and the relationship to certain malignant tumors in children.


Paraphysial cysts of the third ventricle.


Seventeen cases of hepatectomy.

Seventeen cases of hepatectomy.


Primary liver cancer rate and aflatoxin intake in a high cancer area.


Effect of protein energy malnutrition on the renal function and extracellular fluid volume of the rat.


Metabolic effect of conjugated oestrogens (USP) on glucose tolerance.


Effects of dibutyryl cyclic AMP on contractile performance of isolated heart muscle depressed by thiamylal and halothane.


Effects of dibutyryl cyclic AMP on the pulmonary hemodynamics.


A study on the stability of an estrogen-protein conjugate in vivo and under in vitro conditions.


Studies on the metabolism of steroid hormones. Part II. Reversible steroid-protein interactions via enol intermediates.


Human prostatic carcinoma in cell culture: preliminary report on the development and characterization of an epithelial cell line (EB 33).


The tonsils in the pathogenesis of disease.


International control of equine infectious diseases.


Pox in racing pigeons.

Pox in racing pigeons.


Infection of chicks with infectious bursal disease and its effect on the carrier state with Newcastle disease virus.


Unusual glomerular change in cytomegalic inclusion disease.


Cardiac muscle cell damage induced by restraint stress.


Evidence for B-cell origin of reticulum cell sarcoma.


Skeletal maturity of children 6-11 years, United States.


Infectious mononucleosis at the United States Military Academy. A prospective study of a single class over four years. A prospective study of EB virus infections was initiated in July, 1969 in the entering class of 1401 cadets, at the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, N.Y. and continued over 4 yr. On entry 63.5% possessed EBV antibody and 36.5 lacked EBV antibody. The rate of antibody prevalence varied with the geographic area from which the cadet originated.Except in two cadets already ill on first bleeding no evidence of clinical infectious mononucleosis (I.M.) occurred over the 4 yr period in the 890 cadets entering the Academy with EBV antibody. Among 437 cadets without antibody on entry, 54 or 12.4% were infected (seroconverted) in the freshman year; 15 of these had clinical I.M., 12 had suggestive I.M., and 39 had no known mono-like illness. The annual infection rates in susceptible cadets in the second, third, and fourth years were 24.4, 15.1, and 30.8 per 100, respectively. Of 201 cadets infected with EBV over 4 yr only 26.4% were manifested by heterophile positive clinical infectious mononucleosis. Overall, 46% of the 437 cadets entering without EBV antibody became infected over 40 mo of serologic observation; definite clinical infectious mononucleosis developed in 53 cadets, a clinical attack rate of 12.1 per 100 for 4 yr. The EBV infection rate among exposed and susceptible roommates of known cases was no higher than in roommates not so exposed.Elevations of EBV-specific and total IgM occurred during acute illness and disappeared in late convalescence. Total IgG and IgA levels were less commonly elevated. EBV-specific-IgM antibody was demonstrable during the acute illness but was absent 12 mo later. Analysis of EBV infection rates revealed no difference among persons of different ABO blood groups.


Microscopic findings in the lungs of calves aerosolized with Pasteurella hemolytica and treated to alter pulmonary clearance.


The effect of azetidine-2-carboxylic acid on the biosynthesis of collagen in rat granuloma.


Biochemical studies on some new analogues of adenosine-3'5'-cyclic phosphate, including isoguanosine-3 ,5-cylic phosphate.


Trauma: hormonal factors with special reference to diabetes mellitus.


Normal carbohydrate metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism in trauma.


Metabolism of alcohol.

Metabolism of alcohol.


General metabolic response to trauma including pain influence.


Effects of triparanol and 20,25-diazacholesterol in CNS of rat: morphological and biochemical studies.


The fine structural localisation of thiamine pyrophosphatase and adenosine triphosphatase in neural tumours induced by N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea in rats.


Hypertrophic neuropathy in a dog.

Hypertrophic neuropathy in a dog.


Fatal polymyositis: morphogenesis and ultrastructural features.


The estrogen test: an aid in differential cytodiagnosis.


Glioblastoma multiforme of the medulla oblangata.


Histochemically demonstrable non-specific cholinesterase as an indicator of peripheral nerve lesion in carbon disulphide-induced polyneuropathy.


Physical development and performance capacity in a group of diabetic children and adolescents.


Relationship between biological age, habitual physical activity and morphological, physiological characteristics of 12 and 13 year old boys.


Spino-olivo-ponto-cerebello-nigral atrophy with Lewy bodies and binucleated nerve cells: a case report.


Skeletal maturation and physical fitness of 12 to 15 year old boys.


Anthropometrical data, muscle-strength, physiological and selected motor ability factors of 11 year old boys.


Geographical pathology of gastric carcinoma.


The permeability pathways in the walls of intesinal submucosal arterioles in acute angiotensin-induced hypertension in rats.


Multicentric and bilateral appearance of lobular carcinoma in situ of the breast.


Ultrastructural pathological changes in intestinal submucosal arterioles in angiotensin-induced acute hypertension in rats.


Concentrations of renin and renin substrate in plasma of rabbits during pregnancy and the post partum period.


Renin inactivation in vitro in pregnant and post partum rabbit uterine and kidney tissue.


The ability of various insulins and insulin fragments to inhibit the angiotensin I converting enzyme.


Effects of ACTH and HCG on ovarian oestrogen and progesterone secretion in dogs pretreated with HCG.


Human herpes simplex virus infections.

Human herpes simplex virus infections.


Slow infections of the nervous system and the subacute spongiform encephalopathies.


Viral infections of the developing nervous system.


Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.


Advances in diagnosis and treatment of solid tumors in children.


Effects of "Bordetella pertussis" on hemic colony-forming cells and immune response.


The Tecumseh study of respiratory illness. VII. Further observations on the occurrence of respiratory syncytial virus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections. The occurrence of infection with respiratory syncytial (RS) virus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae was determined over a 6-year period among residents of Tecumseh, Michigan by isolation and serology. RS virus infection was detected for a variable time each year during the months extending from November to May. There was little viral activity in intervals between these periods of prevalence, which occurred on an alternating short-long cycle. Higher infection rates were detected in periods preceding the long interval than were detected in periods preceding the short interval. Viruses isolated from serial annual outbreaks did not show any sequential changes in antigens, although some variation in antigenic structure was apparent. Infections were common in school-age children, indicating the role of this population in transmission. Young girls were infected as often as young boys, suggesting that observed differences in occurrence of illness must be related to differences in expression of infection. In contrast to RS virus, M. pneumoniae did not appear and disappear annually, but like it, the school-age group was most heavily involved in infection.


The malignant cell and its membranes.

The malignant cell and its membranes. In this brief review the hypothesis that altered membrane proteins and glycoproteins may be critical mediators of malignant expression is discussed. Examples of alterations of membrane proteins in malignancy are presented. Data is summarized showing changes in the carbohydrate components of glycoproteins of surface and internal membranes of malignant cells in culture as compared to their normal counterparts.


Regulation of lysosomal enzyme secretion: role in inflammation.


Effects of the lonophore A23187 on blood platelets I. Influence on aggregation and secretion. A23187 is an antibiotic ionophore which transports divalent cations across cell membranes into the cytoplasm and releases cations from intracellular storage sites. The present investigation has studied the influence of A23187 on blood platelet aggregation and secretion. A23187 added to stirred C-PRP produced concentration-dependent aggregation and release of (14)C-serotonin. Calcium ions potentiated the response of platelets in washed suspensions to A23187, but they were not required for ionophore-induced aggregation or release. N-ethylmaleimide and agents which increase the level of cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in platelets were effective inhibitors of A23187-induced aggregation and secretion.Platelets incubated with (45)Ca(++) before addition of A23187 increased their content of isotope by 50% within 45 seconds after exposure to the ionophore. The results indicate that an increase in the cytoplasmic concentration of calcium ions from intracellular sources may be the critical event in triggering platelet contraction and the release reaction. Increased concentrations of cAMP may inhibit the platelet response to A23187 and other aggregating agents by stimulating a calcium extrusion pump.


Acute cyanide poisoning.

Acute cyanide poisoning.


Are viruses important in carcinogenesis? The role of viruses in the etiology of animal cancers is fairly certain. Information derived under both natural and experimental conditions supports the concept that either DNA- or RNA-containing viruses can fulfill this function. The DNA-containing herpesviruses, especially the Epstein-Barr virus, are currently the primary objects of intense investigation concerning their role in human cancer. This article will focus on the properties of counterpart herpesviruses in lower animals as well as the human virus candidates with an assessment of the observations concerning their oncogenic potential.


Excretion of individual adrenocortical steroids in obese children.


Infantile rickets with server proximal renal tubular acidosis, responsive to vitamin D.


Thyrotoxic myopathy.

Thyrotoxic myopathy.


Nuclear and cytoplasmic inclusions in normal human epidermis.


The chemotherapy of rodent malaria. XX. Autophagic vacuole formation in Plasmodium berghei in vitro.


Ultrastructure of the bloodstream forms of an avian trypanosome Trypanosoma bouffardi.


Nuclear inclusions in lutein cells of pregnant rats.


Electron microscopic studies on dog testicular interstitial cells.


The effects of alizarin red S on weight gain and skull growth in the rat.


The chemical composition and some structural features of the principal salivary glycoprotein isolated from human mixed saliva.


Use of specifically labelled sucrose for the quantitative assay of levansucrase activity.


Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the maxilla.


Refractile granular inclusions in a temperature-sensitive mutant of Escherichia coli K-12.


studies of plasma bradykininases using radiolabelled substrates.


Diabetes mellitus--a membrane receptor defect.


Morphological development of the lung: a review.


The prevalence of antibodies to adenoviruses in horses from queensland and New South Wales.


Equine herpesviruses. 5. Epizootiology of slowly cytopathic viruses in foals.


Mammary and extramammary Paget's disease.


The mode of action of steroid hormones: some recent findings.


Progesterone-Progestin receptors.

Progesterone-Progestin receptors. A correlation between binding to the progestin-specific uterine cytosol receptor and with well-defined facets of progesterone action was established. Structurally similar derivatives of norprogesterone and nortestosterone were compared.  Binding was measured in vitro by determining their competitive effect on the progestin-tagged uterine cytosol receptor of the rabbit and mouse. Activity in vivo was measured by determining their ability to induce endometrial proliferation in  the rabbit and their inhibitory effect on the estradiol-induced uterine weight increase in the mouse. Immature female Normandy rabbits, Hartley guinea pigs, immature female Swiss SPF mice, and Sprague-Dawley SPF rats were used. Groups of 5  rabbits were primed from Days 1 to 5 by daily injections of 5 mcg estradiol. Progesterone, or a test compound, was injected from Days 6 to 10. On Day 11 the rabbits were sacrificed and the endometrium prepared for histological examination.  The relative potency of each steroid was compared with that of progesterone for the rabbit.  Groups of 4 mice received daily injections of .09 mcg estradiol and various doses of progesterone or test compounds. These animals were sacrificed 24 hours after the last doses and their uteri excised and weighed. Antiestrogenic activity was  indicated by the inhibition of uterine weight increase. The progestin specificity of the 7-8S receptor was established. The weakest competitor was progesterone. Progestins R5020, H3510, and norgestrel were highly potent. Labeled cortisol  bound in the 4-S region and served as a marker. Competition studies established that 19-nor derivatives also compete for the progesterone receptor.  Structural modifications of the norprogesterone and nortestosterone molecules modified results. The in vivo biological activity of all compounds was greater than the of progesterone. The introduction of 1 or 2 double binds into the 19-nor  molecule decreased this somewhat.  The addition of a 17 alpha-methyl substituent (H3510) to norprogesterone also decreased activity. Other modifications of the molecules also changed activity. Results of antiestrogenic activity in the mouse showed that norprogesterone was  markedly more active than progesterone.  Antiestrogenic activity and binding were correlated in the case of all the monoenes (norprogesterone and H3510) and denies (H3163 and R2453). A perfect correlation was observed between binding in the rabbit and the mouse for the 12 test  compounds. The search for highly potent progestins involves, as an initial step, the search for a compound that binds tightly to the 7-8S receptor. In vivo extraneous factors may also become critical. Only by measuring antiestrogenic activity  and progestomimetic activity in the same species can the existence, or lack of existence, of a correlation be established.


Endocrine control of spermatogenesis.

Endocrine control of spermatogenesis.


Protein synthesis machinery in growing oocytes of mice.


Mechanism of action of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone.


The ultrastructure of Malignant Synovioma.


Leaf peroxidase activities in tomato mutants affecting plant morphology.


Identification of N-acetyl-4-O-acetylneuraminyl-lactose in Echidna milk. The identity of a novel form of sialyl-lactose found in milk of the echidna (Tachyglossus aculeatus) was investigated. The sialyl-lactose yielded equimolar amounts of N-acetylneuraminic acid and lactose during mild acid hydrolysis but was resistant to the action of a bacterial neuraminidase. A viral neuraminidase hydrolysed it to lactose plus a form of sialic acid that reacted positively with thiobarbituric acid reagent but whose chromatographic mobility was greater than that of N-acetylneuraminic acid. Treatment with alkali converted the sialyl-lactose into a substance with the same chromatographic mobility as N-acetylneuraminyl-(2-->3)-lactose and made it susceptible to the action of bacterial neuraminidase. The sialyl-lactose contained one mol of ester (identified as acetyl), and released one mol of formaldehyde during periodate oxidation, per mol of sialic acid. It did not contain N-glycollylneuraminic acid. These results indicate that the sialyl-lactose is N-acetyl-4-O-acetylneuraminyl-(2-->3)-lactose. Echidna milk contained, in addition, a small amount of N-acetylneuraminyl-(2-->3)-lactose.


The interaction of alpha2-macroglobulin with proteinases. Binding and inhibition of mammalian collagenases and other metal proteinases. 1. Experiments were performed to determine whether the specific collagenases and other metal proteinases are bound and inhibited by alpha(2)-macroglobulin, as are endopeptidases of other classes. 2. A specific collagenase from rabbit synovial cells was inhibited by human serum. The inhibition could be attributed entirely to alpha(2)-macroglobulin; alpha(1)-trypsin inhibitor was not inhibitory. alpha(2)-Macroglobulin presaturated with trypsin or cathepsin B1 did not inhibit collagenase, and pretreatment of alpha(2)-macroglobulin with collagenase prevented subsequent reaction with trypsin. The binding of collagenase by alpha(2)-macroglobulin was not reversible in gel chromatography. 3. The collagenolytic activity of several rheumatoid synovial fluids was completely inhibited by incubation of the fluids with alpha(2)-macroglobulin. 4. The collagenase of human polymorphonuclear-leucocyte granules showed time-dependent inhibition by alpha(2)-macroglobulin. 5. The collagenolytic metal proteinase of Crotalus atrox venom was inhibited by alpha(2)-macroglobulin. 6. The collagenase of Clostridium histolyticum was bound by alpha(2)-macroglobulin, and inhibited more strongly with respect to collagen than with respect to a peptide substrate. 7. Thermolysin, the metal proteinase of Bacillus thermoproteolyticus, was bound and inhibited by alpha(2)-macroglobulin. 8. It was shown by polyacrylamidegel electrophoresis of reduced alpha(2)-macroglobulin in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate that synovial-cell collagenase, clostridial collagenase and thermolysin cleave the quarter subunit of alpha(2)-macroglobulin near its mid-point, as do serine proteinases. 9. The results are discussed in relation to previous work, and it is concluded that the characteristics of interaction of the metal proteinases with alpha(2)-macroglobulin are the same as those of other proteinases.


Biospecific affinity chromatography of an adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate-stimulated protein kinase (protamine kinase from trout testis) by using immobilized adenine nucleotides. 1. Two adenine nucleotides, 8-(6-aminohexyl)aminoadenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate and 8-(6-aminohexyl)amino-AMP, were synthesized. Their structures were established in particular by using mass spectroscopy. 2. Free cyclic AMP and 8-(6-aminohexyl)amino cyclic AMP both stimulate protamine kinase activity at low concentrations, but are inhibitory at concentrations above 0.1mm. AMP is an inhibitor of enzymic activity, whereas neither 8-(6-aminohexyl)amino-AMP nor the earlier synthesized N(6)-(6-aminohexyl)-AMP is inhibitory. 3. The nucleotides were coupled to Sepharose 4B and used for biospecific chromatography of partially purified protamine kinase. Enzyme applied at high buffer concentrations to the cyclic AMP-Sepharose material was retarded and thereby purified tenfold. At low buffer concentrations the enzyme was adsorbed to the affinity material, and was subsequently released by a pulse of the inhibitor AMP, yielding a 50-100-fold purification. Enzyme applied to immobilized 8-(6-aminohexyl)amino-AMP or N(6)-(6-aminohexyl)-AMP was eluted together with the main protein peak in the void volume. 4. Protamine kinase eluted from 8-(6-aminohexyl)amino cyclic AMP-Sepharose was no longer activated by cyclic AMP. Results from sucrose gradient centrifugation suggest that a dissociation of the enzyme took place on the immobilized nucleotide. 5. Further information on the mass spectroscopy has been deposited as Supplementary Publication SUP 50026 at the British Library (Lending Division) (formerly the National Lending Library for Science and Technology), Boston Spa, Yorks. LS23 7BQ, U.K., from whom copies may be obtained on the terms given in Biochem. J. (1973) 131, 5.


The purification and amino acid sequence of cytochrome C-552 from Euglena gracilis. Cytochrome c-552 from Euglena gracilis was purified and the amino acid sequence determined. The protein is a single peptide chain of 87 residues with the haem prosthetic group bound through two thioether linkages to two cysteine residues near the amino-terminal region. The amino acid sequence shows some similarities to mitochondrial cytochrome c and to two prokaryote c-type cytochromes. The sequence, taken with the known characteristics of cytochrome c-552, indicates that it is an f-type cytochrome. The possible functional and evolutionary significance of these features in common is discussed. Detailed evidence for the amino acid sequence of Euglena cytochrome f has been deposited as Supplementary Publication SUP 50027 at the British Library, Lending Division (formerly the National Lending Library for Science and Technology), Boston Spa, Yorks. LS23 7QB, U.K., from whom copies can be obtained on the terms indicated in Biochem. J. (1973) 131, 5.


Hepatic drug hydroxylation and lipid peroxidation in riboflavin-deficient rats. The effect of riboflavin deficiency and phenobarbital pretreatment on drug hydroxylation and lipid peroxidation was investigated. A significant decrease in aniline and acetanilide hydroxylation as well as NADPH-linked and ascorbate-induced lipid peroxidation was observed during 4- and 7-week riboflavin deficiency in both adult male and adult female rats. The drug-hydroxylation and lipid-peroxidation activities were further lowered with the increase in riboflavin deficiency. The phenobarbital pretreatment induced aniline and acetanilide hydroxylase activity even in riboflavin-deficient animals. Drug hydroxylation inhibits lipid peroxidation in both deficient and normal rats. The administration of riboflavin was followed by a significant increase in drug hydroxylation and lipid peroxidation.


The concentration and control of cytoplasmic free inorganic pyrophosphate in rat liver in vivo. The concentration of cytoplasmic free pyrophosphate was calculated in freeze-clamped livers of rats from the measured concentration of reactants and K(eq.) of the UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase reaction (UDP-alpha-d-glucose 1-phosphate uridylyltransferase, EC 2.7.7.9). The K(eq.) of the UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase reaction was redetermined at 38 degrees C, pH7.0, I=0.25mol/l and free [Mg(2+)]=1mm, and was 4.55 in the direction of glucose 1-phosphate formation. The activity of UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase in rat liver was between 46 and 58mumol of glucose 1-phosphate formed/min per g fresh wt. in the four dietary conditions studied. A fluorimetric assay with enzymic cycling was developed for the measurement of glucose 1-phosphate in HClO(4) extracts of rat liver. The calculated free cytoplasmic PP(i) concentration in nmol/g fresh wt. of liver was 2.3+/-0.3 in starved, 3.8+/-0.4 in fed, 4.9+/-0.6 in meal-fed and 5.2+/-0.4 in sucrose-re-fed animals. These values agree well with recently determined direct measurements of total PP(i) in rat liver and suggest that there is not a large amount of bound or metabolically inert PP(i) in rat liver. The cytoplasmic [ATP]/[AMP][PP(i)] ratio is 10(3) times the cytoplasmic [ATP]/[ADP][P(i)] ratio and varies differently with dietary state. The reaction PP(i)+H(2)O-->2P(i) catalysed by inorganic pyrophosphatase (EC 3.6.1.1) does not attain near-equilibrium in vivo. PP(i) should be considered as one of the group of small inorganic ions which is metabolically active and capable of exerting a controlling function in a number of important metabolic reactions.


Requirement for adenosine triphosphate for stimulation in vitro of ox growth-hormone release. Rotenone, carbonyl cyanide chloromethoxyphenylhydrazone and 2,4-dinitrophenol cause parallel falls in ox pituitary ATP content and growth-hormone release in the presence of 65mm-K(+). Carbonyl cyanide chloromethoxyphenylhydrazone (0.4mug/ml) prevented the rise in growth-hormone release, but not the rise in 3':5'-cyclic AMP content after addition of prostaglandin E(2) (1mug/ml). The rate of hormone release from unstimulated slices and from slices in the presence of Ba(2+) at 2.3 or 6.9mm was proportional to the ATP content of the slices. Carbonyl cyanide chloromethoxyphenylhydrazone at concentrations that inhibited release in the presence of the three secretagogues did not alter the pituitary contents of Na(+), K(+) or Ca(2+). The implications of these observations are discussed in terms of the mechanism of stimulus-secretion coupling.


The biochemistry of virus-induced cell fusion. Changes in membrane integrity. 1. Phospholipids prelabelled with [(14)C]acetate, [(32)P]phosphate, [(3)H]- or [(14)C]-choline or [(3)H]inositol are not significantly degraded during fusion of Lettrée cells mediated by Sendai virus, nor are carbohydrates prelabelled with [(3)H]fucose, [(14)C]galactose or [(3)H]glucosamine. Less than 1nmol of lysophosphatidylcholine/10(7) cells is formed during fusion. Diethyl p-nitrophenyl phosphate, which inhibits phospholipase A by more than 95% has no effect on fusion. It is concluded that none of the events leading to cell fusion is accompanied by significant turnover of phospholipids or other membrane components. 2. Intracellular K(+) leaks out during virally mediated cell fusion; the loss is not as extensive as that of intracellularly accumulated choline or deoxyglucose. Movement of Ca(2+) into or out of cells could not be detected. 3. At concentrations of Lettrée cells insufficient to be agglutinated by virus, intracellularly accumulated choline and deoxyglucose leak out. Agglutination caused by concanavalin A does not result in leakage of intracellular metabolites. 4. P815Y cells, which agglutinate but do not fuse in the presence of virus, show leakage of intracellularly accumulated metabolites. The extent of leakage does not alter during the G(1) and S periods of the cell cycle. 5. Leakage is inhibited by Ca(2+), but is unaffected by EDTA. 6. It is concluded that the interaction of Sendai virus with mammalian cells causes a weakening of membrane integrity so that intracellular metabolites leak out. Such destabilization may facilitate viral entry and is therefore an interesting system for further biochemical studies.


High-affinity binding of oestradiol-17beta by cytosols from testis interstitial tissue, pituitary, adrenal, liver and accessory sex glands of the male rat. The specificity of the binding of oestradiol-17beta by cytoplasmic fractions of several tissues of the male rat was investigated. 1. Agar-gel electrophoresis, Sephadex chromatography, adsorption by dextran-coated charcoal and sucrose-gradient centrifugation were used to estimate the binding capacity and specificity. The four different methods all gave similar results for the capacity of the specific oestradiol-17beta-binding macromolecules in the testis. 2. The presence of a specific saturable binding protein with a sedimentation coefficient of 8S was demonstrated in liver, adrenal, pituitary, prostate, epididymis and testis interstitial tissue. The highest concentration of oestradiol-17beta-binding macromolecules was found in testis interstitial tissue (0.12pmol/mg of protein) and in the pituitary (0.075pmol/mg of protein). 3. The oestradiol-17beta receptor in the testis cytosol showed the characteristics of a protein with respect to Pronase treatment and temperature sensitivity. In competition experiments with different steroids the receptor showed a high affinity for oestradiol-17beta, a moderate affinity for diethylstilboestrol and oestradiol-17alpha and a low affinity for oestrone, oestriol, testosterone and 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone (17beta-hydroxy-5alpha-androstan-3-one). 4. The wide distribution of oestradiol-17beta receptors in the male rat is in apparent contradiction to the current concept of the specificity of steroid-hormone action. Further research is required to investigate a possible physiological meaning of the presence of specific receptors in the different tissues.


The mechanism of intestinal absorption of phosphatidylcholine in rats. 1. The mechanism of absorption of phosphatidylcholine was studied in rats by injecting into the intestine phosphatidylcholine specifically labelled either in the fatty acid or in the glycerol moiety or with (32)P, when considerable amounts of 1-acyl-lysophosphatidylcholine were found in the intestinal lumen. 2-([(14)C]Acyl)phosphatidylcholine gave markedly more radioactive unesterified fatty acids in the lumen, compared with the 1-([(14)C]acyl) derivative. Some of the radioactivity from either the fatty acid or the glycerol moiety of the injected phosphatidylcholine appeared in the mucosal triacylglycerols. 2. Injection of (32)P-labelled phosphatidylcholine or (32)P-labelled lysophosphatidylcholine led to the appearance of radioactive glycerylphosphorylcholine, glycerophosphate and P(i) in the mucosa. 3. Rat mucosa was found to contain a highly active glycerylphosphorylcholine diesterase. 4. It was concluded that the dietary phosphatidylcholine is hydrolysed in the intestinal lumen by the pancreatic phospholipase A to 1-acylglycerylphosphorylcholine, which on entering the mucosal cell is partly reacylated to phosphatidylcholine, and the rest is further hydrolysed to glycerylphosphorylcholine, glycerophosphate, glycerol and P(i). The fatty acids and glycerophosphate are then reassembled to give triacylglycerols via the Kennedy (1961) pathway.