Carcinomatous neuromyopathy. 1. Electrophysiological studies. An electrophysiological and immunological study of patients with carcinoma of the lung. A high incidence of asymptomatic neuromuscular disease was found. More than half showed EMG evidence of a `myopathy' and of denervation. The commonest syndrome was a neuromyopathy with myopathic units and spontaneous muscle activity, especially fasciculations and nerve fibre loss but with normal or near normal nerve conduction. This is thought to be the result of a neuronal or axonal disorder.


Carcinomatous neuromyopathy. 2. Immunological studies. An electrophysiological and immunological study of patients with carcinoma of the lung. Significant cellular sensitivity to peripheral nerve antigens was found by MIF assay in 36% of patients with lung cancer (P<0·005) as compared with 62% of patients with peripheral neuropathy without neoplasia. No sensitivity was found in controls or the cancer sub-group without neuromuscular abnormality. The significance of these findings for an immune mechanism is discussed.


Impulse conduction in multiple sclerosis: a theoretical basis for modification by temperature and pharmacological agents. The simplest model for explaining conduction defects in multiple sclerosis (MS) and other demyelinating diseases assumes that the only abnormality present is loss of myelin. The consequences of such an assumption have been investigated by numerical solution of a well-known set of differential equations describing conduction in a model demyelinated axon. In agreement with clinical findings, we show that this model predicts that the temperature at which conduction block occurs is a steep function of the extent of demyelination, so that small temperature increases may block large numbers of conducting fibres. Decreasing calcium concentration (or increasing pH) is calculated markedly to improve the conduction velocity of conducting demyelinated fibres and will, in addition, restore conduction in blocked fibres. The effects of other pharmacological agents have also been computed. The presence of a demyelinating lesion in a nerve fibre is shown greatly to impair the ability of the fibre to conduct repetitive impulses, conduction failing at much lower frequencies than in normal fibres. These calculations provide some insight into the nature of conduction defects in demyelinated nerve, demonstrate that many clinical features of MS are the expected consequence of loss of myelin and do not require the presence of other defects for their explanation, and provide a useful approach to the search for a symptomatic therapy.


Voluntary control of arm movement in athetotic patients. Visual tracking tests have been employed to provide a quantitative description of voluntary control of arm movement in a group of patients suffering from athetoid cerebral palsy. Voluntary control was impaired in all patients in a characteristic manner. Maximum velocity and acceleration of arm movement were reduced to about 30-50% of their values in normal subjects and the time lag of the response to a visual stimulus was two or three times greater than in normals. Tracking transmission characteristics indicated a degree of underdamping which was not presnet in normal or spastic patients. This underdamping could be responsible for a low frequency (0·3-0·6 Hz) transient oscillation in elbow-angle movements associated with sudden voluntary movement. The maximum frequency at which patients could produce a coherent tracking response was only 50% of that in normal subjects and the relationship between the electromyogram and muscle contraction indicated that the mechanical load on the biceps muscle was abnormal, possibly due to increased stiffness of joint movement caused by involuntary activity in agonist and antagonist muscles acting across the joint.


Interstitial nephritis in rats immunized with heterologous tubular basement membrane.


Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: further similarities with kuru. A typical case of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is described. Two unusual morphological features-namely, `kuru-like' plaques in the cerebellum and coarsely vacuolated neurones in the striatum-are further similarities between Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and kuru.


Antibodies to common ovine and bovine C-type virus specific antigen in serum from sheep with spontaneous leukosis and from inoculated animals.


Typing of Herpesvirus simplex hominis 1 and 2 by indirect immunofluorescence.


Vitamin B6 deficiency in uremia and its implications for the depression of immune responses.


The isolation of a reovirus-like agent associated with diarrhoea in colostrum-deprived calves in Great Britain.


Avian adenoviruses: a study of 8 field isolates.


Changes in ionic composition of allantoic fluid during adrenocorticotrophin infusion into fetal sheep.


The effect of infectious bronchitis (IB) virus on day-old chicks previously infected as 17-day-old embryos with an avian adenovirus.


Gastrointestinal hormones.

Gastrointestinal hormones.


Radiological appearances of hepatic tumours in Hong Kong.


An electron microscopical study of the cerebral cortex of the calf. II. The calf with amprolium-induced cerebrocortical necrosis.


Cross-sensitivities of X-ray and UV-light of two strains of murine lymphoma L5178y cells in vitro.


Clinical thermography.

Clinical thermography.


Amoebiasis and the Entamoeba histolytica.


Obstruction of the vasa deferentia of the male rat and rabbit with silastic medical adhesive.


Fertility control by continuous administration of d-Norgestrel, 0.03 mg.


Oral contraceptives and correlation between serum copper and ceruloplasmin levels.


Physiology and physiopathology of the fallopian tube.


Effect of vasoligation of 14-day-old and 21-day-old rats on spermatogenesis.


Tuboplasty for infertility. A review of 100 cases.


Melatonin action on the time course of compensatory ovarian hypertrophy in the Swiss-Webster mouse.


The family practice approach to management of illness in the academic setting.


Light intensity measurement; characteristics of light sources; filters and monochromators.


Two-stage phosphorylation techniques: light-to-dark and acid-to-base procedures.


Enhancement.

Enhancement.


Clostridial rubredoxin.

Clostridial rubredoxin.


Purification of nitrogenase and crystallization of its Mo-Fe protein.


Techniques for studying light-induced paramagnetism in photosynthetic materials by means of electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy.


The treatment of carcinoma of the lung by radiotherapy.


Non-surgical treatment of lung cancer--selection of cases for surgery.


A porcine Enterovirus causing fetal death and mummification. I. Characteristics and identification.


A porcine Enterovirus causing fetal death and mummification. II. Experimental infection of pregnant sows.


Immunological activity of foot-and-mouth disease virus purified by polyethylene glycol precipitation.


Studies of the foot-and-mouth disease virus sub-types using antigens inactivated by gamma radiations.


Some characteristics of the immune response to cytomegalovirus infection.


Comparison of the turnover patterns of total and individual muscle proteins in normal mice and those with hereditary muscular dystrophy. 1. The incorporation of amino acids into hindleg muscle proteins of normal and dystrophic mice was measured (1/2)h to 16 days after administration of the radioactive pulse. 2. Dystrophic animals showed a faster initial rate of incorporation into total and soluble proteins in the first few hours after injection, but the extent of incorporation relative to the size of the amino acid pool was similar in both. There was little difference between the overall degradation rates although this started later in the dystrophic proteins. An initial fast phase of degradation reached a plateau after 3 days whereupon the residual label in the protein remained constant up to 16 days after injection. 3. Analyses of individual radioactive proteins fractionated by polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis showed that the distribution of label was similar in all the soluble proteins from normal and dystrophic muscle. Time-course experiments revealed that in dystrophic mice the two major soluble proteins of the muscle, creatine kinase and adenylate kinase, initially incorporated 2-3 times more label relative to the initial size of the precursor pool. This label was then lost equally rapidly and the final plateau value was much less than that in normal mice. This initial peak of activity was not observed in normal mice. 4. A group of dehydrogenases showed similar initial turnover patterns in both dystrophic and normal mice but the final plateau value was much higher in the former. 5. The results provide support for the hypothesis that there is no obvious defect in the protein synthetic machinery of dystrophic muscle. However, certain proteins do show anomalous turnover patterns relative to those in normal animals. A single structural gene mutation giving rise to one particularly unstable and readily degradable muscle protein is excluded as the cause of the dystrophy.


Induction of delta-aminolaevulinate synthetase under environmental-stress conditions. 1. Exposure of rats to environmental-stress conditions of hypobaria, hypoxia and cold did not alter the activity of hepatic delta-aminolaevulinate synthetase. 2. Induction of the enzyme by diethoxycarbonyldihydrocollidine was inhibited when the rats were exposed to hypobaria before or during the treatment with the drug but not after the initial phase when the process of induction was initiated. Neither increased concentration of the drug nor the time of induction had any effect on the inhibition under hypobaria. 3. A period of 12-24h of pre-exposure to hypobaria gave the maximum inhibition, and on longer exposure the inhibitory effect was decreased. 4. The inhibition was not a permanent effect and could be substantially reversed in 12h of withdrawal to ambient pressure. 5. Inhibition of induction was found under hypobaria and hypoxia, but not on exposure to cold. This suggests a specific effect of lack of O(2) rather than a general effect of stress. 6. It appears possible that alteration of concentration of endogenous adenine nucleotides may control the process of diethoxycarbonyldihydrocollidine-mediated induction of delta-aminolaevulinate synthetase, since treatment with ATP, cyclic AMP or theophylline produced inhibition similar to that under hypobaria and hypoxia.


The metabolism of nitrilotriacetate by a pseudomonad. 1. An organism that grows on nitrilotriacetate as sole source of carbon and energy was isolated in pure culture and was identified as a pseudomonad. 2. Cell-free extracts of the nitrilotriacetate-grown pseudomonad contain an enzyme that catalyses the NADH-and O(2)-dependent oxidation of nitrilotriacetate to iminodiacetate and glyoxalate. This enzyme is absent from extracts of glucose-grown cells. 3. Compared with growth on glucose, growth on nitrilotriacetate results in increased activities of enzymes of glycine and serine metabolism, namely serine hydroxymethyltransferase, glycine decarboxylase, serine-oxaloacetate aminotransferase and hydroxypyruvate reductase. 4. Cell-free extracts of the nitrilotriacetate-grown organism contain the enzyme glyoxalate carboligase and, when supplemented with NADH, Mg(2+) and thiamin pyrophosphate, can catalyse the anaerobic conversion of glyoxalate into glycerate. 5. These results are incorporated in a scheme which shows the oxidative metabolism of nitrilotriacetate by the successive removal of C(2) units to form 2mol of glyoxalate and 1mol of glycine per mol of nitrilotriacetate degraded. The glyoxalate and glycine are then both metabolized to glycerate by separate pathways, via tartronic semialdehyde and serine respectively. The role of this scheme in the growth of the organism on nitrilotriacetate is discussed.


Criteria for identifying a myelin-like fraction from developing brain. Multiple criteria must be used to relate a membrane fraction (;myelin-like') to myelin. These reported in this communication are electron microscopy, marker enzymes, sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide-gel electrophoretic patterns and lipid composition.


Progesterone and the metabolic control of the lactose biosynthetic pathway during lactogenesis in the rat. 1. Lactogenesis was initiated in pregnant rats by ovariectomy, thereby causing progesterone withdrawal, after which the mammary tissue was analysed for contents of enzymes and metabolites concerned with the biosynthesis of lactose. 2. Lactose synthesis increased about 126-fold with little or no accompanying change in the contents of most metabolic intermediates or in the adenine nucleotide energy charge. 3. Comparison of mass-action ratios with equilibrium constants showed that phosphoglucomutase (EC 2.7.5.1), UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (EC 2.7.7.9) and UDP-glucose epimerase (EC 5.1.3.2.) catalysed reactions close to equilibrium. Nucleoside diphosphokinase (EC 2.7.4.6.) activity was very high and probably equilibrates the UTP-UDP and ATP-ADP couples. Lactose synthetase and hexokinase (EC 2.7.1.1) appeared to catalyse rate-limiting reactions. 4. Large increases were seen of UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (5-fold), lactose synthetase A protein (3.8-fold) and alpha-lactalbumin (28-fold), but not of hexokinase, phosphoglucomutase, UDP-glucose epimerase, nucleoside diphosphokinase or glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49) activities. 5. It appeared that the increased lactose synthesis was largely accounted for by the increased lactose synthetase A protein activity and alpha-lactalbumin.


The effect of ethylene on (1-14C)glycerol incorporation into phospholipids of etiolated pea stems. The effect of ethylene (10 p.p.m.) on the rate of incorporation of [1-(14)C]glycerol into phospholipids of etiolated pea stems was studied. After 2-3h treatment with ethylene, incorporation was decreased by 50%. It remained at this value for as long as ethylene was supplied (8h). Handling the plants also caused a temporary decrease in incorporation, which we attribute to the production of endogenous ;wound' ethylene. The percentage decrease in incorporation was the same in four major phospholipid fractions, i.e. phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylinositol.


The metabolism of benzene by bacteria. Purification and some properties of the enzyme cis-1,2-dihydroxycyclohexa-3,5-diene (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) oxidoreductase (cis-benzene glycol dehydrogenase). 1. cis-Benzene glycol dehydrogenase was purified to a homogeneous state from a species of Pseudomonas grown with benzene as the major carbon source. 2. The enzyme was specific for the cis-isomer of its substrate and required NAD(+) as hydrogen acceptor. 3. Partial inactivation of the enzyme, which was observed during purification, could be reversed by the addition of Fe(2+) and GSH. 4. A molecular weight of 440000 was calculated from data obtained by sedimentation-velocity and diffusion analysis in the ultracentrifuge. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis indicated a subunit of molecular weight 110000. 5. p-Chloromercuribenzoic acid and 1,10-phenanthroline were shown to inhibit the enzyme.


Output of (14C)adenine nucleotides and their derivatives from cerebral tissues. Tetrodotoxin-resistant and calcium ion-requiring components. 1. Neocortical tissues, exposed briefly to [(14)C]adenine and containing over 98% of their (14)C as adenine nucleotides, when superfused with glucose-bicarbonate salines released about 0.1% of their (14)C content/min to the superfusate. 2. Addition of unlabelled adenosine to the superfusing fluid increased the (14)C output three- to four-fold; half-maximal increase was given by about 40mum-adenosine, and reasons are adduced for considering the activity of adenosine kinase to be a major factor in conditioning the (14)C output. Adenosine similarly increased the enhanced (14)C output caused by electrical excitation of the superfused tissue; it brought about only a small increase in tissue glycolysis. 3. Output of (14)C from the [(14)C]adenine-labelled tissues was increased when Ca(2+) was omitted from the superfusing fluids, but electrical stimulation did not then liberate more (14)C. Nevertheless, such tissues still responded to electrical stimulation by increased glycolysis, and their (14)C output again became susceptible to increase by electrical stimulation when Ca(2+) was restored. 4. The six-fold increase in tissue glycolysis caused by electrical excitation was almost completely inhibited by tetrodotoxin at 0.1mum and above, but this was associated with about 50% inhibition only in the output of (14)C from tissues preincubated with [(14)C]adenine. The (14)C-labelled compounds of which output was most inhibited by tetrodotoxin were adenosine, inosine and hypoxanthine whereas output in a nucleotide fraction was little affected.


The role of protein kinase activation in the control of steroidogenesis by adrenocorticotrophic hormone in the adrenal cortex. A method has been developed for investigation of the effect of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) on the state of activation of a cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase within cells of the adrenal cortex. Enzyme activity was measured in terms of the quantity of (32)P transferred from [gamma-(32)P]ATP to histone under conditions in which bound cyclic AMP did not dissociate from the regulatory subunit of the protein kinase ACTH (1x10(-2)i.u./ml) caused a rapid and complete activation of the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase activity within 2min of hormone addition to the isolated cells. In response to a range of ACTH concentrations a sigmoid log dose-response curve for protein kinase activation was obtained, with half-maximal stimulation attained at about 1x10(-3)i.u./ml. However, some low doses of ACTH that elicited a marked (but submaximal) steroidogenic response failed to cause a clear stimulation of protein kinase activity in isolated adrenal cells. Theophylline (2mm) potentiated the effect of ACTH on protein kinase activity. The results implicate an important role for protein kinase in ACTH action on the adrenocortical cell.


Studies in the basic mineralizing system, CaO-P2O5-H2O.


Microchemical studies of acid glycosaminoglycans from isolated chondrocytes in suspension.


Synthesis of a C-nucleoside analog of the antibiotic cordycepin.


Ultrastructure and lysosomal histochemistry of ia rat osteoclasts.


Synthesis of 6-O-alpha-L-fucopyranosyl-D-galactose.


Residential treatment of disturbed children: a study of service delivery.


Inhibitory effect of dibutyryl cAMP on mouse oocyte maturation in vitro.


Partial purification of the crowding factor from Carassius auratus and Cyprinus carpio.


Substituted benzoxazole-benzthiazole-2-thiones: interrelationship between anticonvulsant activity and inhibition of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent oxidations and monoamine oxidase.


Substituted piperazinoquinazolones: relationship between selective inhibition of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent oxidations and anticonvulsant activity.


Semisolid oleaginous ointment bases for ophthalmic use.


Nutrition in low-birth-weight infants. II. Repeated intravenous injections of fat emulsion.


Impaired interferon response of children with congenital cytomegalovirus disease.


99mTC-pertechnetate brain scintigraphy in children.


Reiter's syndrome. A review of current status and a hypothesis regarding its pathogenesis.


The matabolism and control mechanism of human hair follicles.


Histochemical and ultrastructural study of a peculiar form of mucopolysaccharidosis.


Effects of triethyltin on different ATPases, 5'-nucleotidase and phosphodiesterases in grey and white matter of rabbit brain and their relation with brain edema.


The HL-A antigens on human spermatozoa.

The HL-A antigens on human spermatozoa.


Viral antibodies and autoantibodies in chronic liver disease. Our previous observations of highly significant increases in high titre antibodies to measles and rubella in patients with chronic active hepatitis have been extended and it has been shown that these reactions do not occur in other forms of liver disease. Significant increases in antibody titres to cytomegalovirus have also been found in patients with chronic active hepatitis (p<0.001) and alcoholic and primary biliary cirrhosis (p<0.05). Antibody titres to herpes simplex, varicella/zoster, parainfluenza I, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae in all forms of chronic liver disease did not differ from controls. Immunofluorescent autoantibodies were correlated with the viral antibodies and a highly significant correlation with strongly positive antismooth muscle and antinuclear antibodies and measles antibody titres in particular was noted. The possible significance of this correlation is discussed in terms of the hypothesis that the intact liver plays a significant role in the sequestering of antigens.


Biological consequences of population control. The mechanisms of the possible biological alterations in the human population as a result of population control are discussed.  Population control is distinguished from population limitation by defining it as actual genetic alteration through manipulation of fertilization.  Population limitation such as the use of contraceptive methods is aimed at simply reducing the size of the population by changing reproductive behavioral patterns.  Major avenues of population control include the freezing of semen for artificial insemination, which causes biochemical changes in the sperm cells and reduces spermatozoa viability in the female reproductive tract.  Artifical fertilizations in infertile couples and prezygotic selection are other actions that can produce genetic alterations in the species.  It is concluded that both deliberate and inadvertent changes in the modes of biological selection as a result of population control and limitation will alter the genetic characteristics of the human population, mainly by reducing genetic  variability.  These possibilities should be considered and watched carefully in population research.


Studies in alcoholic liver disease in Britain. I. Clinical and pathological patterns related to natural history. A group of 258 patients with various forms of alcoholic liver disease-steatosis, mild and severe hepatitis, and cirrhosis-has been studied. Severity of disease as judged histologically did not correlate very well with clinical presentation although signs of hepatocellular failure were certainly commoner in severe hepatitis and cirrhosis. Fever, pigmentation, and clubbing were also pointers to these two conditions. Alcoholic hepatitis is probably precirrhotic and carries a poor prognosis and the best laboratory indicators of this are moderate elevation of white cell count and bilirubin. Prognosis in alcoholic liver disease is significantly improved by abstinence from alcohol.


Ovarian pregnancy and the intra-uterine device (IUD). A case report.


Preparative separation of rabbit seminal plasma and immunochemical study of the resulting fractions.


Zinc and magnesium in human spermatozoa.


Immunobiological studies with the reproductive organs, adrenals and spleen of the female mouse.


Detection of ovulation by color changes in cervical mucus of crab-eating macaque (Macaca fascicularis).


Daily postcoital tests in the conception cycle during treatment of anovulatory women with human gonadotropins.


Treatment of oligospermia by freezing and concentrating semen.


Kymographic utero-tubal insufflation in investigating the mode of action of modern contraceptives.


Liver studies during oral contraception with low doses of megestrol acetate.


Free amino acids in uterine and blastocoelic fluids in the rabbit as affected by ovarian steroids.


A simple method for measuring crystallization of the cervical mucus and its application in human sperm migration.


Medroxyprogesterone acetate as a contraceptive.


The use of CO2 in the uterine cavity for hysteroscopy.


Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) for contraception.


Radiation damage to proteins: the effect of ultra-violet illumination on the secondary radical reactions in a single crystal of glycyl-glycine.


Letter: Radiation chemistry of DNA model compounds. IV. Phosphate ester cleavage in radicals derived from glycerol phosphates.


The human lymphocyte: a model for the study of insulin-receptor interaction.


An FSH-producing pituitary tumor in a patient with hypogonadism.


Prolactin and growth hormone in patients with pituitary adenomas: a correlative study of hormone in tumor and plasma by immunoperoxidase technique and radioimmunoassay.


Diurnal plasma testosterone rhythm and the effects of short-term ACTH administration on plasma testosterone in man.


Immunoreactive ACTH in cerebrospinal fluid.


Relation of sleep-entrained human prolactin release to REM-nonREM cycles.


Low affinity binding of thyroxine to proteins of human serum.


ACTH-induced sodium retention in pregnancy. Role of desoxycorticosterone and corticosterone.


Herpes simplex virus-specific polypeptides studied by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of immune precipitates.


Close linkage between genetic loci controlling response of fowl to subgroup A and subgroup C sarcoma viruses.


Absence of adenovirus-specific repressor in adenovirus tumour cells.


Effects of adsorption of u.v.-inactivated parainfluenza (Sendai) virus on the incorporation of amino acids in animal host cells.


Ferritin-labelled antibody study of RD-114 virus.


The detection of foot-and mouth disease virus antigens in infected cell cultures by immuno-peroxidase techniques.


Purification of herpes simplex virus.

Purification of herpes simplex virus.


Studies on the lysosomes of L132 cells infected with either rhinovirus type 2 or poliovirus type 1.


Isolation of a virus responsible for an outbreak of acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis in Morocco. An epidemic of acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis occurred in Morocco in 1970-1. It was caused by an enterovirus which appeared to be a new antigenic type similar to a virus isolated in South East Asia during the same period.


Differentiation of smallpox and camelpox viruses in cultures of human and monkey cells. The cytopathic effect of smallpox and camelpox viruses has been compared in cell cultures derived from human and monkey tissues. The two viruses could easily be distinguished in HeLa, GMK-AH1, BSC-1 and WISH cells, camelpox producing multinucleate giant cells and smallpox producing rounding up of individual cells. In other cells (LLC-MK2, HEK and 2RhK) the differences were not so marked, and in some (VERO, HEL, K and HuTh) no differences were seen.


Serological evidence of infection with Tana and Yaba pox viruses among several species of monkey. Sera from cynomolgus monkeys from Malaysia, from Indian rhesus monkeys, from various species of monkeys from Africa and from South America have been examined for neutralizing antibody to Tanapox and Yaba viruses. No antibody was found to either virus in the sera of rhesus monkeys or South American monkeys. A certain proportion of sera from cynomolgus monkeys and various species of African monkey showed antibody to one or other of the viruses, but few of the positive sera showed antibody to both. The results would seem to suggest that infection with the two viruses is endemic in African and Malaysian monkeys but does not occur or is very rare in Indian rhesus and New World monkeys.


Experimental pertussis infection in the marmoset: type specificity of active immunity. ALTHOUGH WE HAVE FAILED TO PRODUCE EITHER PAROXYSMAL COUGH OR VOMITING IN RHESUS MONKEYS, CYNOMOLGUS MONKEYS AND MARMOSETS, WE HAVE FOUND IN MARMOSETS SEVERAL FEATURES OF PERTUSSIS INFECTION SIMILAR TO THOSE SEEN IN CHILDREN WITH WHOOPING COUGH: catarrh, persistence of colonization of the naso-pharynx with Bordetella pertussis for 4-11 weeks, change of serotype during colonization and inability of type 1 organisms to establish themselves as the predominant serotype.As in children, we have found that intramuscular vaccine of type 1,2,3 was more effective than type 1,2 in preventing persistent infection with the currently prevalent serotypes 1,2,3 and 1,3. A mixed vaccine (1,2,3 and 1,3) seemed to produce agglutinin 3 in the serum more consistently than a pure type 1,2,3 vaccine. The duration of colonization, after naso-pharyngeal challenge, was greatly reduced in animals with agglutinin 3.Local immunity, resulting from previous infection, was even more effective than a good vaccine in preventing subsequent persistent colonization. Marmosets may be useful in studying the possible development of aerosol pertussis vaccine for human use.


Virus isolations from patients in general practice, 1961-71. During the period 1961-71 of 1785 viruses isolated from patients in the general population 503 (28%) were rhinoviruses, 465 (26%) influenza viruses, 248 (14%) enteroviruses, 234 (13%) herpes simplex virus, 132 (7%) parainfluenza viruses, 129 (7%) adenoviruses and 49 (3%) respiratory syncytial virus. Also isolated were 18 strains of mumps virus, 7 coronaviruses and 295 streptococci of groups A, C or G.Fluctuations were observed in the frequency with which respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus type 2, and the adenoviruses were isolated over the 10-year period.Influenza viruses types A and B, parainfluenza viruses types 1 and 2, respiratory syncytial virus, adenoviruses types 3, 4, 6, 7 and 21, and many enteroviruses were all associated with outbreaks.Infections with influenza viruses A and B and parainfluenza viruses types 1 and 2 came during the winter, whereas those with parainfluenza virus type 3, enteroviruses, and rhinoviruses were more frequently seen in the summer and early autumn.


Immunocytochemical localization of collagenase in human skin and fibroblasts in monolayer culture.


The distribution in Kenya of bluetongue virus and antibody, and the Culicoides vector. Sera from domestic cattle, sheep and goats and 11 wild bovid species taken at 41 locations throughout Kenya were screened for antibody to bluetongue virus using the indirect fluorescent antibody method. Positive sera were found at 39 locations and in all the species tested. The distribution of clinical disease was mapped and found to be more restricted than the distribution of antibody. Culicoides were collected in light traps at 55 locations throughout Kenya. The presumptive vector of bluetongue in Kenya, C. pallidipennis, was the most widespread species, found in 38 locations. Both the distribution of antibody and Culicoides have been tabulated by ecological zones to demonstrate that bluetongue virus in its natural state in cattle and wild bovids is far more widespread than clinical bluetongue disease seen in exotic sheep of restricted distribution; and that C. pallidipennis has great ecological range.


Mitotic response of normal and psoriatic keratinocytes in vitro to compounds known to affect intracellular cyclic AMP.


Letter: Cyclic AMP for psoriasis.

Letter: Cyclic AMP for psoriasis.


Chemical diagnosis of fetal malnutrition.


Prostaglandins and lipolysis in rat adipose tissue.


Monolayer culture of normal adult and neoplastic cells of the rat and human adrenal cortex.


Breast thermography--the mammatherm.

Breast thermography--the mammatherm.


Angiography of selected pathologic pregnancies.


The polypeptide composition of mouse mammary tumor virus.


Mammography.

Mammography.


Relative locations of rearrangements in the DNA of defective simian virus 40 (SV40).


Genetic control of expression of endogenous virus genes in chicken cells.


Inhibition of avian sarcoma virus replication by glucosamine.


Inhibition of neuraminidase activity by derivatives of 2-deoxy-2,3-dehydro-N-acetylneuraminic acid.


Replication of avian sarcoma viruses in chicken macrophages.


Analysis of RNA associated with the poliovirus RNA replication complexes.


Electron microscopic observations on early events of frog virus 3 replication.


Homologies among the nucleotide sequences of the genomes of C-type viruses.


Replication of a temperature sensitive mutant of simian virus 40 in normal and SV40-transformed monkey cells.


Sialidase activity of oncogenic cells transformed by herpes simplex virus.


Synthesis of SV40 capsid antigen(s) in heterokaryocytes formed by fusion of nonpermissive with permissive cells.


Editorial: Calcium responses ("calcium spikes").


Management of vulvar malignancies.

Management of vulvar malignancies.


The reticular activating system revisited.


Differentiation between the embryonic and tumour specific antigens on chemically induced rat tumours. The tumour specific antigens and tumour associated embryonic antigens expressed on chemically induced rat hepatomata and sarcomata have been shown to be different by means of blocking antibody studies. Serum from multiparous female rats contained blocking antibody which protected both tumour and embryo cells from the in vitro cytotoxic effect of lymph node cells from multiparous donors. These sera did not, however, block the cytotoxicity of lymph node cells from tumour immune rats for cells of the immunizing tumour. In addition, the tumour specific rejection antigens and embryonic antigens have been shown to have dissimilar locations in tumour cells.


Proceedings: A new look at the EB virus and oncogenesis.


Letter: Oral ulceration and infective agents.


Additive effect in the induction of kidney tumours in rats treated with dimethylnitrosamine and ethylmethanesulphonate. Wistar rats were treated with a single dose of 30 mg/kg of DMN or with single doses of 100, 200 or 300 mg/kg of EMS. Tumours of the kidney developed in a few animals receiving EMS and in 33% of the male and 63% of the female rats treated with DMN alone. In the animals receiving DMN and, 8 hours later, a single dose of 100, 200 or 300 mg/kg of EMS, an additive effect was observed in the induction of kidney tumours. This additive effect was more pronounced in female than in male rats. Morphologically, the tumours were of epithelial and mesenchymal type with a preponderance of the former type. The significance of alkylation of the nucleic acids of the kidney observed with these two compounds is discussed in relation to the present findings.


Letter: Poliomyelitis after contact with recently vaccinated infant.


Letter: Serological tests for amoebiasis.


Excess deoxycorticosterone secretion from adrenocortical carcinoma.


Antioestrogens in treatment of breast cancer: value of nafoxidine in 52 advanced cases. The synthetic non-steroidal antioestrogen nafoxidine (U-11, 100A) was given by mouth to 52 women with locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer, in 85% of whom the disease had become resistant to, or relapsed after, previous endocrine treatment. The objective response rate (complete or partial regression of disease) among 48 cases treated for at least four weeks was 37%. Tumours in soft tissue seemed to respond better than skeletal metastases. The patients in all but one of the 52 cases were postmenopausal. Those who had had an objective response to previous hormone treatment had a greater chance of deriving benefit from nafoxidine than those who had been resistant to hormone treatment.Side effects of nafoxidine were dryness of skin, increased loss of scalp hair, and heightened sensitivity to sunlight. None were serious, and they could be lessened by protection from solar radiation or a decrease in dosage. No obvious depression of thyroid or adrenal function or obvious water retention or masculinization was seen. Cataract was a possible complication.This clinical trial was preceded by laboratory studies in which a transplantable oestrogen-dependent tumour in the Syrian hamster was notably inhibited by the administration of nafoxidine. This experimental model may prove useful in screening potentially useful antioestrogenic agents against breast cancer before a human trial.


Formation of estrogen glucosiduronates by human kidney homogenates.


Central effects of beta-(para-chlorophenyl)-gamma-aminobutyric acid.


Properties of P503 (prototetrahydroporphyrin IC) in cells and extracts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.


Letter: Barium suspension versus water-soluble, iodinated compounds in diagnostic radiology of the upper gastrointestinal tract.


Xeroradiography of the breast.

Xeroradiography of the breast.


Cytochemical localization of polysaccharides in Claviceps paspali ultrastructure during submerged fermentation of alkaloids. Morphological characteristics of two types of elements in the submerged mycelium of Claviceps paspali are described. Distribution of polysaccharides in the cell wall and cytoplasm was cytochemically determined at the ultrastructural level. Polysaccharide deposition into the cell walls was proportional to the increase in the alkaloid yield. In the cytoplasm, on the other hand, the presence of polysaccharide grains indicated an absence of alkaloid synthesis.


Bioassay for the isolation of Dictyostelium discoideum mutants deficient in extracellular accumulation of cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate. The growth response to external cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate of a strain of Escherichia coli deleted for adenyl cyclase was utilized to screen for mutants of Dictyostelium discoideum unable to accumulate this chemical extracellularly. The threshold amount of cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate able to induce growth of this bacterium was 3 to 4 mug/ml at 37 C and approximately 25 mug/ml at 27 C. Conditions are described that permit the detection of as low as 2 mug of this chemical at either temperature.


Examination of isolated yeast cell vacuoles for active transport. Isolated vacuoles of the yeast Candida utilis did not show active transport of S-adenosylmethionine, uric acid, and several amino acids which they concentrate in vivo.


Microtubule assembly and function in Chlamydomonas: inhibition of growth and flagellar regeneration by antitubulins and other drugs and isolation of resistant mutants. The distribution of microtubules in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii suggests that they are involved in mitosis, cell and nuclear cleavage, and generation of flagella. Vinblastine, colchicine, and podophyllotoxin bind to the protein building block of microtubules (tubulin) and prevent normal assembly. Mutants resistant to these "antitubulin" drugs are candidates to have alterations in tubulin primary structure. We report the ability to inhibit growth, and flagellar regeneration after amputation, of: vinblastine, several colchicine derivatives, two water-soluble derivatives of podophyllotoxin (succinylpodophyllotoxin and epipodophyllotoxin thiuronium bromide), and other substances which may interfere with flagellar assembly or motility (isopropyl N-phenyl carbamate, 2-methoxy-5-nitrotropone, chloral hydrate, caffeine, and nickel acetate). The ability of each drug to inhibit binding of labeled colchicine or podophyllotoxin to mammalian brain tubulin was also determined. The results suggest that only in the cases of colchicine, colcemide, and epipodophyllotoxin thiruonium bromide was the toxicity to Chlamydomonas mediated by inhibition of tubulin assembly. The requirement for high concentrations of colchicine may be due to permeability barriers, since colchicine toxicity was potentiated by deoxycholate. Mutants resistant to antitubulins were isolated after treatment with methyl methanesulfonate. The results with vinblastine were equivocal. Of three mutants resistant to inhibition of growth and flagellar regeneration by colchicine, one was also cross-resistant to epipodophyllotoxin thiuronium bromide.


Glutamate synthase: properties of the reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent enzyme from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH)-dependent glutamate synthase has been detected and partially purified from crude extracts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The enzyme is specific for NADH, glutamine, and alpha-ketoglutarate (K(m) values of 2.6 muM, 1.0 mM, and 140 muM, respectively) and has a pH optimum between 7.1 and 7.7. The stoichiometry of the reaction has been determined as 2 mol of glutamate synthesized per mol of glutamine consumed. Glutamate synthase can be distinguished from either of the glutamate dehydrogenases of yeast on the basis of its substrate requirements and behavior during agarose gel and ion exchange chromatography. Variations in the specific activity of glutamate synthase, which occur in response to changes in the growth medium, are similar in character to those observed with the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-dependent (anabolic) glutamate dehydrogenase.


Inactivation of isocitrate lyase during myxospore development in Myxococcus xanthus. The inactivation of isocitrate lyase which occurs during late stages of myxospore formation in Myxococcus xanthus was studied. Several findings are reported. (i) Protein synthesis is required over a specific time interval in order for isocitrate lyase inactivation to occur at a later time. (ii) Metabolic energy is required at all times during myxospore development if the inactivation is to occur. (iii) It was possible to inhibit protein turnover to a considerable extent without affecting the net loss in isocitrate lyase activity.


Editorial: The pathogenesis of congenital malformations.


Busulfan lung complicated by pneumocystis carinii and cytomegalovirus infection.


Congenital choroido-retinitis and cerebral damage from unidentified infective agents.


The influence of the three color vision-mechanisms on the spectral sensitivity of the fovea.


The dyschromatopsia of pernicious anaemia.


An analysis of colour vision in 314 patients.


Ectopic secretion of calcitonin by oat-cell carcinoma.


Regulation of the circulation. I.

Regulation of the circulation. I.


Ultrasonic visualization of the uterus, breast and eye by grey scale echography.


Radioreceptor assay of human chorionic gonadotropin: detection of early pregnancy. A rapid, sensitive, and specific radioreceptor assay for the determination of human chorionic gonadotropin and luteinizing hormone in plasma is described. Plasma membranes of bovine corpora lutea of early pregnancy, which bind biologically active labeled human chorionic gonadotropin, have been used as receptor. Pregnancy could be detected by assaying the gonadotropin in plasma samples obtained from day 6 to 8 after conception.


Partition of tissue functions in epithelia: localization of enzymes in "mitochondria-rich" cells of toad urinary bladder. The mucosal epithelium of the toad urinary bladder reabsorbs sodium, acidifies the urine, and is responsive to neurohypophyseal hormnones. Mucosal epithelial cells, consisting of two major morphologic cell types, "mitochondria-rich" and "granular," were removed from the bladder and separated by density gradient centrifugation. The mitochondria-rich cells contained three times as much carbonic anhydrase activity as the granular cells. Oxytocin caused a 235 percent increase in the adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate content of mitochondria-rich cells but had no effect on the granular cells. The evidence indicates that the mitochondria-rich cell, which accounts for only 15 percent of the mucosal cells, plays a major role in the mediation of sodium ion and hydrogen ion transport in the toad bladder and is a specific site of action of neurohypophyseal hormones.


Amoebiasis.

Amoebiasis.


The peripheral nerve function in chronic renal failure. 8. Recovery after renal transplantation. Clinical aspects.


Editorial: "Early to bed" or sleep revisited.


The effect of soya lecithin on serum lipid values in type II hyperlipoproteinemia.


Parainfluenza virus II and the immunocompromised host.


Doxorubicin in treatment of malignant solid tumors in children.


Cystosarcoma phyllodes of the breast.

Cystosarcoma phyllodes of the breast.


Distribution of 125I-labeled human growth hormone in immature, hypophysectomized rats pretreated with ACTH or unlabeled human growth hormone.


Patterns of degeneration in the caudal cochlear nucleus of the cat after cochlear ablation.


An ultrastructural analysis of spontaneous activation of hamster eggs aged in vivo.


Virus resistance transferred from human rheumatoid cells to rabbit synovial cells. II. Cell fusion.


Effect of glucocorticoids on lysosomes in synovial lining cells in human rheumatoid arthritis.


A temperature-jump study of the reaction between azurin and cytochrome c-551 from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Temperature-jump studies on the electron-transfer reaction between azurin and cytochrome c-551 clearly reveal two chemical relaxations. The amplitudes of these relaxation processes have identical spectral distributions, but the relaxation times show different dependences on the reactant concentrations. These findings are discussed in terms of possible models.


Involvement of the superoxide anion in sulphoxidation. Sulphoxidation of compounds capable of undergoing biological sulphoxidation has been demonstrated in a model system (NADH-phenazine methosulphate-O(2)), known to generate superoxide anions (O(2) (-)). Addition of superoxide dismutase to this system results in complete inhibition, suggesting the involvement of O(2) (-) in sulphoxidation.


A rapid method for collecting and assaying gradient fractions for radioactive macromolecules. A rapid method is described for collecting gradients after centrifugation, and assaying them for acid-precipitable radioactivity. An entire gradient is collected and processed on a single glass-fibre filter disc. This method allows one easily to assay six gradients for acid-precipitable radioactivity in less than 2h.


The evolutionary stability of cytochrome c-551 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas fluorescens biotype C. Cytochrome c-551 was prepared from nine different strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and six of Pseudomonas fluorescens biotype C, and their amino acid sequences were compared with the sequences previously determined for the cytochromes of type strains of each species. The standard of sequence examination was such that all single amino acid substitutions, delections or insertions ought to have been detected. Balanced double changes in sites in the same part of the sequence might have escaped detection. The standard of some of the quantitative amino acid analyses was not as high as would be required for the investigation of completely unknown sequences. Eight of the Ps. aeruginosa sequences could not be distinguished from the type sequence, whereas the ninth had a single amino acid substitution. The sequences from Ps. fluorescens biotype C were more varied, differing in from zero to four substitutions from the type sequence, with the most diverse sequences differing in seven positions. The results for Ps. aeruginosa are interpreted as evidence that neutral mutations are not responsible for much molecular evolution. The superficially paradoxical differences in the results for the two species are discussed.


The amino acid sequences of cytochrome c from four plant sources. Proposed amino acid sequences of cytochrome c from nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus L.), box-elder (Acer negundo L.), elder (Sambucus nigra L.) and parsnip (Pastinaca sativa L.) are presented. Because of the very limited amounts of cytochrome available from some plant sources, peptides derived from the cytochromes c have been sequenced by the semi-quantitative dansyl-Edman technique (Gray & Hartley, 1963) without supporting quantitative amino acid analyses. Because of the qualitative nature of the work, the sequences proposed must be regarded as tentative. Considerations of homology, although useful as a guide, have been kept to a minimum in the construction of sequences. Only the nasturtium sequence relies on considerations of homology for a complete ordering of the peptides. Where material permitted, each residue of a proposed sequence was determined at least once from both a tryptic and a chymotryptic peptide.


Restrained adenyl cyclase in human neutrophils: stimulation of cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate formation and adenyl cyclase activity by phagocytosis and prostaglandins.


Single-dose antacid therapy for the prevention of Mendelson's syndrome.


Proceedings: Influence of halothane on mortality from murine hepatitis virus (MHV3).


Influence of norepinephrine-containing neurons derived from the locus coeruleus on lateral geniculate neuronal activities of cats.


The presence of a factor toxic to pancreatic beta cells in some collagenase preparations.


Generalized melanosis due to malignant melanoma.


Effects of plasma from hypertensive patients on the responses to angiotensin and norepinephrine in dogs and rats.


Comparative study of the effects of metolazone and other diuretics on potassium excretion.


Antiviral drugs.

Antiviral drugs.


Prevalence of antibodies against enteroviruses in the populations of Lucknow.


Wilm's tumor--a clinical review.

Wilm's tumor--a clinical review.


Adrenocorticotrophic hormone in plasma of mother and newborn.


Nucleotide sequence relationships of avian RNA tumor viruses: measurement of the deletion in a transformation-defective mutant of Rous sarcoma virus. Stocks of cloned helper-independent Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) spontaneously segregate transformation-defective (td) mutants that appear to have an RNA genome composed of smaller subunits than those of the patent virus. Differential hybridization and competitive hybridization techniques involving reactions between viral RNA and proviral sequences in host cell DNA (under conditions of initial DNA excess) were used to measure the extent of the deletion in a td mutant of Prague strain (Pr) of RSV (Pr RSV-C). Viral 60 to 70S RNA sequences labeled to 1 to 5 x 10(7) counts per min per mug with (125)I were characterized with respect to their properties in hybridization reactions and used to reinforce data obtained with [(3)H]RNA of lower specific activity. By these techniques, about 13% +/- 3% of the sequences Pr RSV-C that formed hybrids with DNA from virus-induced sarcomas appeared to be deleted from the genome of td Pr RSV-C. Studies comparing hybridization of RNA from Pr RSV-C and td Pr RSV-C with RSV-related sequences in normal cells, and competition experiments with RNA from the endogenous chicken oncornavirus Rous-associated virus type 0 (RAV-0) provided evidence that the majority, if not all, of the RNA sequences of Pr RSV-C deleted from its transformation-defective mutant are not represented in normal chicken DNA. Competition studies with a leukosis virus, RAV-7, indicated this virus also lacks a genome segment of about the same size as the deletion in the td mutant. Finally, the genome of all three "exogenous" viruses was found to lack a small segment (about 12%) of sequences present in the endogenous provirus of RAV-O.


Effect of silica on lipid peroxidation in the red cells.


Effect of D-penicillamine on poliovirus replication in HeLa cells. A series of mercaptan compounds were studied with respect to their ability to inhibit the growth of poliovirus in cultured cells. Of the compounds tested only d-penicillamine possessed antiviral activity. There was no direct effect on the virus itself, nor were the processes of adsorption, penetration and uncoating, or virus-induced "shut-off" of host cell protein synthesis inhibited. At concentrations where there was no effect on host cell RNA or protein synthesis, d-penicillamine caused a marked inhibition of virus-specific RNA and protein synthesis. Although much reduced, the relative concentrations of single-stranded and double-stranded viral RNA synthesized in the presence of d-penicillamine was unchanged. Similarly, all apparent precursor and cleavage product proteins could be synthesized in the presence of the drug. The inhibitory effect was reversible, after a lag of 1.5 to 2 h after removal of the drug, and normal yields of virus could be obtained. The structural and functional properties of d-penicillamine are discussed in relation to requirements for anti-polioviral activity.


Fate of mRNA of L-cells infected with mengovirus. Mengovirus infection of L-cells results in an inhibition of host protein synthesis which is detectable in vivo by a decreased rate of incorporation of radioactive amino acids into acid-insoluble material and by a concomitant reduction in polysome content. The inhibition of host protein synthesis occurs early in the infection cycle, at a time when there is little synthesis of viral proteins. In this paper the stability of polyadenylic acid [poly(A)]-containing mRNA of uninfected L-cells and cells infected with mengovirus is compared. Our results suggest that there is no increase in the rate of degradation of cellular mRNA upon virus infection. The continued integrity of host mRNA throughout infection was verified by acrylamide gel electrophoresis.


Clinical staging system for carcinoma of the lung.


Genetics and physiology of bacteriophage T4 3'-phosphatase: evidence for involvement of the enzyme in T4 DNA metabolism. Mutants of bacteriophage T4D which fail to induce the deoxyribonucleotide-specific T4 3'-phosphatase have been isolated. These mutants (T4pseT) grow as well as wild-type T4 in most strains of Escherichia coli, but not in the T4-sensitive "Hospital Strain," CT196, or in a derivative strain, CTr5x. Both the formation of infectious centers and the final yield of phage are reduced by 98% when CTr5x is infected by T4pseT mutants. The growth defects are accompanied by a 50% reduction in the rate of T4 DNA synthesis, a decrease in the single-strand length of the DNA product to about one-half the mature length, and greatly reduced packaging of DNA into phage particles. Introduction of an extra-cistronic suppressor mutation (stp) into T4pseT eliminates both the requirement for the T4 3'-phosphatase in infected CTr5x and the other observed effects of the pseT mutations. The pseT gene lies between genes 63 and 31. The stp gene lies in the nonessential region between rIIB and ac. Our results suggest that 3'-phosphoryl termini can disrupt T4 DNA replication to the extent that T4 3'-phosphatase becomes required for phage production.


Transcription and replication of vesicular stomatitis virus: effects of temperature-sensitive mutations in complementation group IV. Temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants of vesicular stomatitis virus belonging to the RNA(-) complementation group IV were investigated under various conditions to study both their RNA and protein syntheses. In infected cells maintained at 39.2 C, viral RNA species were recovered only in the 13 to 15S region of the gradient in an amount depending on the ts mutant used. In the presence of cycloheximide at 39.2 C, the primary transcription was deficient, especially for 28S mRNA production. When mutant-infected cells were shifted to nonpermissive temperature, a shutoff of 28S mRNA synthesis occurred as a general feature. On the contrary under this condition, the two mutants chosen, ts IV100 and ts IV111, behaved very differently in their 13 to 15S and 38S RNA production. However, treatment with cycloheximide at the time of the transfer to 39.2 C resulted in a similar recovery of 13 to 15S RNA in both mutants, whereas the 28S remained very depressed. The viral proteins synthesized by cells infected with the same two mutants also showed a distinct pattern, especially regarding the N protein; a correlation between 38S RNA and protein N syntheses was tentatively drawn. The whole set of data suggested that the lesion in group IV mutants concerned a viral structural protein required for the process of in vivo transcription and which probably intervened in the replication mechanism.


Mutant of polyoma virus with impaired adsorption to BHK cells. A mutant of polyoma virus PY235 has an impaired adsorption to guinea pig red blood cells and BHK-21 hamster cells. Adsorption to 3T3 mouse cells is much less inhibited. These altered adsorption properties are responsible for the apparent inability of PY235 to cause cell transformation or hemagglutination.


Comparison of 6-94 virus and Sendai virus RNA by RNA-RNA hybridization. The genomic RNA of 6/94 virus, an agent isolated from the brains of multiple sclerosis patients, was studied for sequence homology by RNA-RNA hybridization with closely related Sendai virus and another paramyxovirus virus, Newcastle disease virus. It was found that the genomic RNA of 6/94 virus hybridizes equally as well to the virus-specific 18S RNA found in Sendai-infected cells as that of Sendai virus.


Submaxillary gland tumors.

Submaxillary gland tumors.


Adenovirus type 4 in Melbourne, 1969-1971.


Clinical progress in Crohn's disease.

Clinical progress in Crohn's disease.


Protective effects of BCG and other bacteria against neoplasia in mice and hamsters.


Immunotherapeutic studies in mice with the methanol-extraction residue (mer) fraction of BCG: solid tumors.


Histologic and ultrastructural studies of tumor regression in inbred guinea pigs after intralesional injection of Mycobacterium bovis (BCG).


The enzymatic ontogeny of neurons and glial cells isolated from postnatal rat cerebral gray matter.


Effect of adrenalectomy on a diurnal (circadian) rhythm in hypothalamic multiple unit activitiy in the female rat.


3H-estradiol distribution in normal and androgenized female rats using an improved hypothalamic dissection procedure.


Photoreduction of horse heart cytochrome c.


Carotenoid chromophore length and protection against photosensitization.


Neonatal encephalitis following maternal genital herpesvirus infection.


Some 'pseudo' and some true endocrine syndromes in cancer.


Cryosurgery in benign conditions of the nose and throat.


Interaction of REM deprivation and stage 4 deprivation with total sleep loss: experiment 2.


The recuperative effects of REM sleep and stage 4 sleep on human performance after complete sleep loss: experiment I.


A review of 250 cases of Bell's palsy.

A review of 250 cases of Bell's palsy.


Limited proteolysis of alfalfa mosaic virus: influence on the structural and biological function of the coat protein.


Serological interrelationships in the turnip yellow mosaic virus group.


Identification of a tRNA nucleotidyltransferase and its substrates in virions of avian RNA tumor viruses.


Temperature-sensitive defect of type 2 poliovirus.


Recombination between temperature-sensitive mutants of herpes simplex virus type 1.


RNA polymerase activity and poly(A) synthesizing activity in defective T particles of vesicular stomatitis virus.


Quantitative electron microscopic analysis of the penetration of VSV into L cells.


Infection of human cells with polyoma virus.


Temperature-sensitive mutants of murine leukemia virus. 3. Mutants defective in helper functions for sarcoma virus fixation.


Enhanced activation of the repressed Epstein-Barr viral genome by inhibitors of DNA synthesis.


Synthesis of polyoma virus structural polypeptides in mouse kidney cells.


Changes in membrane polypeptides that occur when chick embryo fibroblasts and NRK cells are transformed with avian sarcoma viruses.


Water-soluble contrast media and adhesive arachnoiditis. II. Reinvestigation of operated cases.


Value of exercise at one-half earth gravity in preventing the deconditioning effects of simulated weightlessness.


Ultrastructure and physiological effects of nontobacco cigarettes on Tetrahymena.


Letter: Estrogen therapy for periodic fever.


Simulation of cerebral death by succinylcholine sensitivity.


A short, simple synthetic route to 3-dehydrosphinganine and related compounds.


Cellular inflammatory response. Findings in patients with neurological diseases.


Silicification of developing internodes in the perennial scouring rush (Equisetum hyemale var. affine).


Morphological and physiological evidence for the development of functional neuromuscular junctions in vitro.


Plasma renin concentration: comparison of angiotensinase inhibitors and correlation with plasma renin activity and aldosterone.


Amylase isoenzymes during viral infections of the pancreas and salivary glands.


Cholestyramine for elevated serum cholesterol.


Hepatic metabolism of estrogens in health and disease.


Tendon transfers for irreparable peripheral nerve injuries of the upper extremity.


Tendon transfers in combined nerve lesions.


Skeletal age estimated in a few selected ossification centres of the hand wrist. A simple method for clinical use.


Intestinal parasites in Amerindians of the interior of Surinam.


A comparative study of the rates of metabolism, L.D. 50's and antiacetylcholinesterase activities of three diethylphosphoryl esters of quinolinols.


Proceedings: Evidence for a dopaminergic mechanism for modulation of adrenergic transmission in the rabbit ear artery.


Adrenoceptors and adenyl cyclase in gills. The content of cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the gills of the mullet (Mugil capito) has been measured. The basal level was found to be 2.9+/-0.3 pmol/mg wet weight. When fish were first anaesthetized with MS222 (tricaine) and the gills perfused to remove blood, the concentration of cAMP was raised to 14.3+/-1.9 pmol/mg wet weight.Adrenaline caused a significant increase in cAMP content, an effect that was blocked by propranalol, a beta-adrenoceptor antagonist. In the presence of the alpha-adrenoceptor block- ing agent phentolamine, adrenaline still caused an increase in nucleotide content.The results are discussed in relation to adrenaline and the adenyl cyclase system.


Proceedings: Drinking in the cat induced by centrally administered angiotensin.


Sleep induced by small doses of tubocurarine injected into cerebral ventricles of dog. In unanaesthetized dogs, sleep with the typical sleep pattern in the E.E.G. was produced with (+)-tubocurarine when injected in a small dose (500 ng) into, or perfused in low concentration (100 ng/ml) through the cerebral ventricles.


Proceedings: Potentiation of dubutyryl cyclic 3'5'-AMP-induced gastric acid secretion in rats by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.


Developmental change of choline acetyltransferase and acetylcholinesterase in the ciliary and the superior cervical ganglion of the chick.


The influence of histamine and other vasoactive substances on contractile responses of cat skeletal muscle to acetylcholine. 1. The effect of vasoactive substances, chiefly histamine, on contractions of cat skeletal muscle evoked by acetylcholine has been studied. For this purpose all of these agents were administered intra-arterially to anterior tibialis, chiefly, and also to soleus and external rectus muscles in vivo.2. Under these conditions, histamine itself never altered the resting tension of the muscle, but always enhanced the increase in tension produced by acetylcholine injected shortly afterward.3. On the anterior tibialis muscle, it was determined that the threshold potentiating dose of histamine was 0.001 mug/kg, and that maximal enhancement occurred when 0.1 mug/kg was injected 15 s before fixed, submaximal doses of acetylcholine. Injected 15 s before graded doses of acetylcholine, histamine 0.1 mug/kg shifted the acetylcholine dose-response curves approximately 1.5 log units to the left.4. Under similar experimental conditions the vasodilator, bradykinin, 0.001-1 mug/kg, and procedures which produce a local increase in nutritive capillary blood flow also enhanced acetylcholine-evoked contractile responses of the anterior tibialis, whereas the vasoconstrictor, angiotensin, 0.001-1 mug/kg, inhibited them.5. The potentiating effect of histamine was antagonized by mepyramine, but was undiminished by denervation of the muscle either acutely or for 4 days.6. Histamine failed to enhance responses of the muscle to electrical stimulation of either the muscle, directly, or its motor nerve.7. Histamine also had no effect upon acetylcholine-evoked responses of the isolated external rectus muscle in vitro.8. It is suggested that the potentiating effect of histamine in vivo is due to its vasodilator action within the muscles which, by relaxing arterioles and precapillary sphincters, could allow more of the blood-borne acetylcholine to reach more of its receptors on the muscle fibres in a given time.


Effects of taurine on cortical acute epileptic foci.


Electron histochemical evidence for the role of thiamine pyrophosphatase in synaptic transmission.


Localization of opiate receptor binding in synaptic membranes of rat brain.


Maintenance of primary African green monkey kidney (pAGMK) and Vero cells at room temperature (25 degrees). A system for virus isolation in community practice.


The human spermatozoon. An electron microscopical study including comparative details of Macaca arctoides spermatozoa.


A protein kinase assayable with intact cells of the cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum.


Cytoplasmic control of nuclear activity in preimplantation mouse embryos.


Inverted caloric nystagmus.

Inverted caloric nystagmus.


The importance of dose and proliferation of SV40-transformed cells with different oncogenic potentials to the level of tumor immunity.


Further studies on SV40 permissive cell protein factor(s) allowing rescue of infectious virus and viral DNA from non-shedder SV40-transformed cells.


EB virus-associated antibodies in Caucasian patients with carcinoma of the nasopharynx and in long-term survivors after treatment.


Comparison of EBV neutralization tests based on abortive infection or transformation of lymphoid cells and their relation to membrane reactive antibodies (anti-MA).


Effects of adenosine 3'5'-cyclic monophosphoric acid on the morphology, growth and cell cycle of Earle's L cells.


Epstein-Barr virus: transformation of non-human primate lymphocytes in vitro.


Characteristics of murine C-type viruses. 3. Antigenic conversion and focus induction.


Characteristics of murine C-type viruses. IV. The virus produced by Ehrlich tumor cells and it hybrids with mouse L cells.


The transition from sleep to wakefulness: implications of a study of the organization of laboratory dream reports for the psychoanalytic situation.


A medium for overcoming the in vitro inhibition of Clostridium perfringens by Streptococcus faecalis var. zymogenes, and a note on the in vivo interaction of the two organisms.


A method for preparing a pre-reduced, chemically defined, filter sterilized medium for growing Clostridium perfringens.


The presence and function of cytochromes in Selenomonas ruminantium, Anaerovibrio lipolytica and Veillonella alcalescens.


R factors from Providence.

R factors from Providence.


The interaction between divalent cations and botulinum toxin type A in the paralysis of the rat phrenic nerve-hemidiaphragm preparation.


Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. Elevated Epstein-Barr virus antibody titers and failure of amantadine therapy.


Induction, detection and characterization of cell differentiation mutants in Drosophila.


Replication of the resident repressed Epstein-Barr virus genome during the early S phase (S-1 period) of nonproducer Raji cells. Replication of the resident repressed Epstein-Barr virus genome in synchronized nonproducer Raji cells was shown to occur during the early S phase (S-1 period) by hybridization of cell DNA with virus-specific complementary RNA (cRNA). The S-1 period was previously identified as the critical period for virus activation induced by thymidine analogues. The findings reported here and elsewhere are consistent with the proposal that: (i) virus activation is initiated at or near the site of association of the resident viral genome with cell DNA, (ii) replication of the resident virus genome in nonactivated cells is under cell control mechanisms, and (iii) the resident virus genome is physically associated with early replicating cell DNA.


In vitro activation of the transcription of araBAD operon by araC activator. The transcription of araBAD operon requires araC activator and cyclic AMP. D-Fucose inhibits ara mRNA synthesis. Our results indicate that the positive control by araC activator is exerted at the level of transcription.


Fractionation of DNA on hydroxyapatite with a base-specific complexing agent. We describe a chromatographic technique for separating mixtures of DNA of varying G + C content. The method employs a specially prepared high-capacity hydroxyapatite and a G.C-specific DNA ligand (2-methyl-3-amino-7-dimethylamino-5-phenyl-phenazinium cation, abbreviated PNR). DNA molecules rich in G.C pairs bind larger amounts of this dye and are eluted earlier from the hydroxyapatite column than are molecules rich in A.T pairs. The dye can easily be removed from DNA by dialysis or solvent extraction after the chromatographic separation. The resolution of the method approaches that of CsCl density gradient separation, and the capacity of the column is much larger than that of a typical density gradient experiment. Elution of the DNA is not dependent on molecular weight, so samples of different molecular weight can be separated on the basis of G + C content. The technique should be especially useful for separating G.C-rich minor components from DNA obtained form eukaryotic cells, as demonstrated by a fraction of DNA from calf thymus.


Intracellular cyclic AMP concentration responds specifically to growth regulation by serum. Intracellular concentrations of cyclic AMP increase when cells are deprived of serum. Studies with the mouse fibroblast line 3T3, an SV40-transformed subline of 3T3, and six different revertant lines derived from this clone show that a marked increase in cyclic AMP occurs only when the serum concentration is reduced below the minimum necessary for growth of a given line. Conversely, density-dependent inhibition of growth is not accompanied by an increase in cyclic AMP concentration in any line.


Reversion of a Chinese hamster cell auxotrophic mutant. A mutant cell strain derived from a Chinese hamster line by mutagenesis with ethylmethane sulfonate requires glycine for growth. In the wild type, glycine synthesis is catalyzed by serine hydroxymethyltransferase (EC 2.1.2.1). Cell fractionation by differential centrifugation and isopycnic sucrose gradient analysis reveals that the enzyme activity is found in both the mitochondrial and cytosol fractions. The specific activity in the mitochondrial fraction is about 20 times higher than in the cytosol, and is much more stable to thermal inactivation. The glycine-requiring mutant has lost all of the mitochondrial enzyme activity, while retaining the cytosol activity. The mutant is very stable but can be induced to revert by several chemical mutagens. One glycine-independent revertant induced by ethyl methane sulfonate was studied in detail. Serine hydroxymethyltransferase activity is again present in the mitochondrial fraction, at about [unk] of the wild-type level. However, the revertant mitochondrial enzyme exhibits an altered thermal sensitivity, with a half-life at 45 degrees of 55 min as compared to 180 min in the wild type. The half-life for the cytosol enzyme in all three strains is 7 min. Mixing experiments demonstrate that the heat lability of the revertant enzyme is not due to a dissociable factor in the extract. The data are consistent with the idea that the original mutation occurred in the structural gene for one isozyme of the enzyme and that the revertant has undergone a second mutation in this gene, partially restoring enzyme activity.


Parathyroid hormone receptors of renal cortex: specific binding of biologically active, 125I-labeled hormone and relationship to adenylate cyclase activation. Biologically active (125)I-labeled bovine parathyroid hormone (prepared by electrolytic iodination) and its synthetic NH(2)-terminal (1-34) biologically active fragment bound rapidly and specifically to a purified plasma membrane preparation from bovine renal cortex. Binding of labeled intact hormone or labeled NH(2)-terminal (1-34) peptide was inhibited competitively by unlabeled (1-34) peptide in the same range of concentrations that activated renal cortical 3':5'-adenylate cyclase (EC 4.6.1.1) in these membranes. The concentrations of synthetic (1-34) peptide for half-maximal inhibition of binding of labeled hormone as well as half-maximal activation of the enzyme were about 0.6 muM (2.5 mug/ml). Therefore it is likely that the binding activity studied represents a physiologically important renal receptor for parathyroid hormone. Biologically inactive (oxidized) forms of parathyroid hormone and (1-34) NH(2)-terminal peptide as well as calcitonin, glucagon, insulin, and epinephrine failed to competitively inhibit the binding of labeled (1-34) parathyroid hormone or activate adenylate cyclase in the renal cortical membrane preparation. Observations with the NH(2)-terminal (1-34) biologically active fragment of parathyroid hormone suggest that the COOH-terminal region of the molecule is not required for receptor binding.


Introduction of specific cleavages into RNAs of RNA bacteriophages for determination of base sequences. Large fragments of R17, MS2, and Qbeta RNAs were obtained reproducibly by limited digestion by ribonuclease T1. After digestion of R17 and MS2 RNAs, two pairs of large fragments were obtained that probably resulted from specific cleavages of the whole molecules. The cleavages of MS2 RNA were produced at points 36 and 47% from the 5' end.


The roles of the lambda c3 gene and the Escherichia coli catabolite gene activation system in the establishment of lysogeny by bacteriophage lambda. Maximum lysogenization of E. coli by bacteriophage lambda requires both the lambdacIII gene function and the host catabolite gene activation system mediated by adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate. Whereas considerable lysogenization occurs in the presence of either system alone, lysogenization is absolutely prevented in the absence of both systems. Neither system is, however, required for efficient lysogenization when the host bears an hfl(-) mutation. It is argued that the normal function of these two systems is to negate the antagonistic effect of the Hfl(+) protein upon lysogenization. It is further argued that both the lambdacIII gene function and the Hfl(+) protein do not directly affect the host catabolite gene activation system.


Association of DNA-dependent and  -independent ribonucleoside triphosphatase activities with dnaB gene product of Escherichia coli. Preparations of E. coli dnaB gene product contain ribonucleoside triphosphatase activity that is stimulated 10-fold by DNA. The products of the triphosphatase activity are nucleoside diphosphates and P(i). The dnaB complementing activity in the varphiX174 DNA-dependent system and these triphosphatase activities copurify over the last 20-fold of an extensive (about 40,000-fold) purification procedure. Acrylamide gel electrophoresis of the purified material shows a single band of protein coincident with eluted dnaB complementing and DNA-dependent and -independent nucleoside triphosphatase activities.


Familial hypercholesterolemia: defective binding of lipoproteins to cultured fibroblasts associated with impaired regulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase activity. Monolayers of cultured fibroblasts from normal human subjects bind (125)I-labeled low-density lipoproteins with high affinity and specificity. High affinity binding of similar magnitude was not observed in cells from five unrelated subjects with the homozygous form of familial hypercholesterolemia. In normal cells incubated at 37 degrees , the binding sites were saturated at a low-density lipoprotein concentration of 20 mug/ml. A maximum of approximately 250,000 molecules could be bound to each cell. Whole serum and very-low-density lipoproteins displaced (125)I-labeled low-density lipoproteins from the binding sites, but high-density lipoproteins, the lipoprotein-deficient fraction of serum, and abetalipoproteinemic serum did not. This binding appears to be a required step in the process by which low-density lipoproteins normally suppress the synthesis of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl coenzyme A reductase, the rate-controlling enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. The demonstration of a defect in binding of low-density lipoproteins to cells from subjects with the homozygous form of familial hypercholesterolemia appears to explain the previously reported failure of lipoproteins to suppress the synthesis of this enzyme and hence may account for the overproduction of cholesterol that occurs in these cultured cells.


Prediction of secondary structure of proteins. A comparison of the phi, psi angles previously predicted for cytochrome c with recent x-ray crystallographic findings. Newer data from the x-ray crystallographic studies of tuna heart ferrocytochrome c have increased the number of residues in alpha-helical segments. This provided an objective test of our method of predicting varphi,Psi values for cytochrome c using the sequences of 18 cytochromes c and twenty 20 x 20 tables for the varphi,Psi values of tripeptides in 10 other proteins whose three-dimensional structures were known from x-ray crystallographic studies. Of the 32 residues now considered from x-ray data to be in alpha-helices, 27 had been predicted to be in the alpha-helical domain.


Alteration of vein cyclic 3':5' nucleotide concentrations during changes in contractility. The relative changes in vascular tissue levels of cyclic 3':5'-guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and cyclic 3':5'-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) were determined in bovine and canine vein strips that were quickfrozen during changes in contractility elicited by prostaglandins (PG) or isoproterenol. Prostaglandin F(2alpha)-induced venoconstriction was associated with increased vascular tissue levels of cGMP and increased ratios of cGMP to cAMP concentrations, but no consistent qualitative change in cAMP levels. In contrast, vein cAMP concentrations were increased during administration of the vasodilators PGE(2) and isoproterenol. The results suggest possible opposing roles for the two cyclic nucleotides in vasomotion.


Electron spin resonance studies of erythrocytes from patients with myotonic muscular dystrophy. Electron magnetic resonance experiments have demonstrated that spin-labeled myotonic erythrocyte membranes have spectra that are recognizably different from those of normal erythrocytes. The spin label incorporated in the erythrocyte membranes of patients having myotonic muscular dystrophy is apparently located in a less polar and somewhat more fluid region than the label in a normal membrane. Although the mechanisms of molecular interaction and their relationship to enzymatic differences is unclear, the results lend confirmation to the suggestion that myotonic muscular dystrophy may be a disease resulting from a basic membrane abnormality.


The electrostatic basis of Mg++ inhibition of transmitter release. The inhibition by Mg(++) of stimulus-evoked transmitter release is attributed to a decrease in surface potential, Psi(0), on the outer surface of the presynaptic terminal and hence a lower surface calcium concentration, [Ca(++)](0). Data on the frog neuromuscular junction are quantitatively fit by assuming that there is a negative charge density, sigma, on the outer surface of the presynaptic terminal of 6.5 x 10(13) charges per cm(2) and that simple diffuse double layer theory is applicable. No specific binding of Mg(++) or Ca(++) is required. Without any additional assumptions, the inhibitory effect of univalent cations is also quantitatively predicted.


Expression of differentiated functions in hepatoma cell hybrids: high frequency of induction of mouse albumin production in rat hepatoma-mouse lymphoblast hybrids. We have studied the production of serum albumin by somatic hybrids between well-differentiated 2s and 1s rat hepatoma cells (Faza), which produce serum albumin, and sub-diploid mouse leukemic lymphoblasts (Lc), which do not produce albumin. We determined the rat or mouse origin of the albumin by double immunodiffusion, using immuno-adsorbed noncrossreacting antisera. Each of 12 karyologically identified 2s hybrid clones (Lc2F) produces both rat and mouse albumin. Moreover, unlike 1s hybrids reported previously, eight of nine 1s hybrids (LcF) also produce mouse albumin; six of them produce rat albumin as well. One clone from the 1s cross produces only rat albumin.


Human antigen and enzyme markers in man-Chinese hamster somatic cell hybrids: evidence for synteny between the HL-A, PGM3, ME1, and IPO-B loci. In man-Chinese hamster somatic cell hybrids the segregation of the loci for 27 human enzyme markers and the species-specific surface antigens, including the HL-A histocompatibility antigens, was studied. The results show a synteny of the human loci for phosphoglucomutase 3, cytoplasmic malic enzyme, tetrameric indophenol oxidase, and HL-A. Furthermore, evidence is presented that the loci for the human species-specific antigens are distributed over several chromosomes.


The isolation of simian virus 40 variants with specifically altered genomes. Serial passage of simian virus 40 (SV40) at high multiplicity of infection leads to the emergence of variants with deleted, substituted, and/or duplicated DNA. Individual variants have been cloned by selective complementation with temperature sensitive SV40 mutants, or nonselectively by coinfection of cells with wild-type helper virus. In each case, the presence of variants was detected by the appearance of discrete short viral genomes in infected cell lysates. Such short genomes, isolated by agarose gel electrophoresis, were shown to be specifically altered by comparing the electrophoretic pattern of their DNA fragments produced by Haemophilus influenzae restriction endonuclease with the pattern of fragments from parental DNA. In addition to defective variants, one infectious variant that had an additional segment of DNA within its genome was isolated.


Current concepts in diagnosis of insulinoma.


Identification of a high affinity nuclear acceptor site for estrogen receptor of calf uterus. By means of affinity chromatography, specific nuclear acceptor sites for estradiol receptors are identified in a fraction that can be solubilized from purified nuclei with 2 M NaCl. Interaction between these acceptor sites and crude or partially purified estradiol receptor shows a high association constant (over 10(9) M). Receptor-acceptor interaction is dependent on physiological concentrations of 17beta-estradiol; it is disrupted by high ionic strength. The nuclear acceptor sites appear to be protein in nature and exist in 5- to 10-fold excess over the estrogen binding sites present in the cytosol. Single- or double-stranded DNA does not bind estrogen-receptor complexes. Acceptor sites appear to be associated with basic nuclear proteins as judged by hydroxyapatite chromatography. The nuclear acceptor sites probably represent less than 0.1% of the purified basic proteins from the nucleus.


Genetic differentiation within and between species of the Drosophila willistoni group. We describe allelic variation at 28 loci in six Caribbean populations of four sympatric species of Drosophila. Within any one species the allelic frequencies are very similar from population to population, although there is evidence of local as well as regional genetic differentiation. The genetic distance is greater between populations from different islands than between populations of the same island. When the allelic frequencies are compared between different species, a remarkable pattern appears. In any pair of species nearly half of the loci have essentially identical allelic frequencies, while nearly the other half of the loci have different alleles and in different frequencies. The loci with nearly identical allelic frequencies are different when different pairs of species are compared. The patterns of allelic variation within and between species are inconsistent with the hypothesis that the variation is adaptively neutral. Migration or mutation cannot explain the patterns of genetic variation, either. Balancing natural selection is the main process maintaining protein polymorphisms in natural populations.


Lipid-protein interactions in high density lipoproteins. Delipidated high density lipoprotein (apo-HDL), isolated apolipoproteins apoA-I and apoA-II, S-carboxymethylated apoA-II, apoC-III, the NH(2)- and COOH-terminal CNBr peptides of apoA-II, and the COOH-terminal CNBr peptide of apoA-I were recombined in vitro with [N-C(3)H(3)-choline]phosphatidylcholine (PC) and [N-(14)CH(3)-choline]sphingomyelin (SPM). The lipid-protein complexes were analyzed by ultracentrifugal flotation, agarose gel chromatography and circular dichroism. ApoHDL, apoA-II, and S-carboxymethylated apoA-II readily recombined with PC or SPM to form particles that were similar in size to native HDL. The COOH- but not the NH(2)-terminal CNBr peptide of apoA-II recombined with lipid. ApoA-I and the COOH-terminal CNBr peptide of apoA-I, however, recombined with PC or SPM to only a limited extent, suggesting that protein-protein interactions between apoA-I and apoA-II are important in the integration of apoA-I into recombined lipoprotein particles. Analysis of the recombined lipid-protein complexes by circular dichroism indicated that there was an increase in helical structure concomitant with lipid-protein binding. The reconstituted particles had many of the physical and chemical properties of the native lipoprotein.


Life cycle of the murine mammary tumor virus, and a comparison with similar forms reported in human mammary carcinomas.


Treatment of common enteric parasites.

Treatment of common enteric parasites.


Prevalence and intensity of intestinal parasitism on Talim Island, Binangonan, Rizal, Philippines.


Common antigens in herpesviruses from divergent species of animals.


Further evidence for a humoral control of factor VIII plasma levels.


Effect of corticosteroids upon fibrinogen metabolism in rabbits.


Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast.


Adrenocortical function of patients using oral contraceptives. To investigate the possible changes in adrenocortical function during the use of different oral contraceptives, 43 women of fertile age were studied.  35 were using orgal contraceptives of the estrogen-gestagen type, the estrogen-gestagen sequential type, or the low-gestagen type.  8 women were controls.  Each member of the test groups had been taking contraceptive pills for at least 2 menstrual cycles.  Adrenocortical function was measured by assaying photofluorimetrically the 11-OHCS content of the plasma during the synthetic adrenocortioctrophic hormone (ACTH) (Homactid) test.  The dose of the hormone used was 10 mcg given im.  Plasma samples were obtained before and 15, 30, 60, and 120 minutes after injection.  Tests were done on Days 15-20 of the menstrual cycles.  The plasma 11-OCHS level in the low-gestagen group was the same as in controls both before and during the test.  The combined type contraceptives had an elevating effect on the 11-OHCS level in the plasma; these levels both before and during the ACTH test ranged from nearly significant to p less than .01 with some of the readings reaching significance  at the p less than .001.  The difference is assumed to be due to an increased transcorting content of the plasma and to the increased biological half-life of cortisol induced by estrogen.  This could also explain why the metabolic change noted in association with estrogen-gestagen oral contraceptives is similar to that seen in corticosteroid-induced diabetes.  Similar readings were found for the patients taking the sequential contraceptives, with values ranging from nearly significant at 0-15 minutes to highly significant (p less than .001) from 30 to 120 minutes.


Evidence that the polyadenylic acid segment of "35S" RNA of avian myeloblastosis virus is located at the 3'-OH terminus.


Systematic identification of aldehydes and aldehyde-derived crosslinks in elastin by methods including a modified Strecker reaction.


The relationship of polyoma virus-induced tumor (T) antigen to activation of DNA synthesis in rat myotubes.


Expression of liver phenotypes in cultured mouse hepatoma cells: synthesis and secretion of serum albumin.


Management of travellers' diarrhoea.

Management of travellers' diarrhoea.


Abnormal degradation of macroaggregated albumin particles in patients with asthma.


Chemodectoma of the urinary bladder in a dog.


Epidermal adenyl cyclase of human and mouse. A study of the atopic state.


The biosynthesis of folic acid. XII. Purification and properties of dihydroneopterin triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase.


Cobamides and ribonucleotide reduction. XII. The electron paramagnetic resonance spectrum of "active coenzyme B12".


The molecular properties of ApoA-I from human high density lipoprotein.


Neurospora crassa protein kinase. Purification, properties, and kinetic mechanism.


Glucocorticoid receptors in fetal and adult rabbit tissues.


The b-cytochromes of plant mitochondria. A spectrophotometric and potentiometric study.


The generation of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide radical, and hydroxyl radical by 6-hydroxydopamine, dialuric acid, and related cytotoxic agents.


Immunological specificities of lysine-rich histones from tumors.


Structural analysis of ribosomal 28 S ribonucleic acid of Novikoff hepatoma cells.


Role of photophosphorylation coupling factor in energy conversion by depleted chromatophores of Rhodospirillum rubrum.


The kinetic mechanism of glycerokinase.

The kinetic mechanism of glycerokinase.


The structure of the heme crevice of ferric cytochrome c alkylated at methionine-80.


The specificity of chromium nucleotides as inhibitors of selected kinases.


Alkaline isomerization of oxidized cytochrome c. Equilibrium and kinetic measurements.


Effect of cAMP on nucleoside metabolism. I. Effect on thymidine transport and incorporation in monkey cells (CV-1).


Primary epithelioid sarcoma of the hand and forearm. A review of thirteen cases.


The role of humoral factors in the regression of leukemia in chickens as measured by in vitro colony formation.


Inhibition of development of transformation by Rous sarcoma virus in cultures of high cell density.


Viral probe into the events of cellular (in vitro) aging.


Pyrimidine excretion by cultured fibroblasts: effect of mutational deficiency in pyrimidine salvage enzymes.


A new rapid method for estimation of urinary pregnanediol.


The inhibition of acetate, pyruvate, and 3-phosphogylcerate kinases by chromium adenosine triphosphate.


Proceedings: Release of adrenocorticotrophin from the isolated pituitary gland of the rat: studies with theophylline.


The influence of sex steroids on calcium- and magnesium-induced mitogenesis in isolated rat thymic lymphocytes.


Lower motor neuron degeneration associated with type C RNA virus infection in mice: neuropathological features.


Ultrastructural studies of the dying-back process. I. Peripheral nerve terminal and axon degeneration in systemic acrylamide intoxication.


Lipogenesis and insulin sensitivity of single fat cells. 1. A method for measuring the lipogenesis from [(14)C]glucose by single fat cells is described: (i) after incubation with ;carrier-free' [U-(14)C]glucose (0.55 mu-mole/ml.), collagenase-isolated fat cells were fixed with osmium tetroxide; (ii) similarly incubated pieces of epididymal fat pads were treated with osmium tetroxide for 90 sec, whereby only the superficial cells are fixed, and the tissue was then disintegrated by shaking with collagenase. The osmium-fixed free cells were washed, sucked into a micropipette, measured under a microscope and assayed individually for (14)C-activity.2. There was a quantitative recovery of (14)C-lipid activity from osmium-fixed single cells.3. Both collagenase-isolated cells and in situ fixed surface cells were normally distributed with respect to diameters (for both cell groups from ad lib. fed rats of ca. 110 g; mean diameter, about 55 mum; S.D. about 7 mum).4. Frequency distribution curves (number of fat cells versus (14)C-lipogenesis per cell) were asymmetric and very broad (coefficient of variation about 50%) for collagenase-isolated cells incubated with insulin (10(3) mu-u./ml.). Frequency distribution curves for surface cells obtained from similarly incubated pieces of epididymal fat pads showed a coefficient of variation of the same magnitude, whereas the mean lipogenesis of these cells was only about one third of that of the isolated cells.5. Collagenase-isolated cells incubated in the presence of insulin (10(3) mu-u./ml.) showed a weak but highly significant positive correlation between fat cell diameter and (14)C-lipogenesis (eight rats, r about 0.5 and P < 0.001 for each rat). Analysis of the relationship: lipogenesis = k x diameter to the exponent of beta showed that the estimates of beta varied significantly from rat to rat (range: 1.3-2.9). Similar correlations between cell size and lipogenesis were found both for cells incubated with insulin in various submaximal concentrations and for cells incubated without insulin.6. Small and large cells from the same rat were equally sensitive to insulin.7. Statistical analysis of frequency distribution curves (number of cells versus (14)C-lipogenesis per unit surface area) representing cells from the same rat incubated with insulin 0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 10(3) mu-u./ml., respectively, suggests that insulin exerts a graded influence on the lipogenesis of each fat cell.


Organization of corticofugal neurones in somatosensory area II of the cat. 1. This investigation had two main objectives: first to determine whether or not motor activity could be elicited by localized intracortical stimulation in somatosensory area II of the cat, and secondly to identify, by antidromic stimulation, neurones which projected to subcortical structures and to study their afferent input.2. Although arm movements could be elicited in most cats by intracortical train stimulation with tungsten micro-electrodes, the lowest motor thresholds were much higher than the lowest thresholds for the primary motor area under similar experimental conditions. Facial responses were evoked at lower stimulus thresholds, but the threshold decreased steadily as successive stimulation tracks approached the coronal face area. Previously observed responses to prolonged surface stimulation could have been caused by intracortical spread of excitation or by escape of stimulus to the primary area, especially the face area.3. Neurones with corticofugal axons projecting to bulbar and spinal levels were first identified by their antidromic response to stimulation of the cerebral peduncle. Each was further tested by stimulation of the cervical corticospinal tract, and the dorsal column nuclei. Their receptive fields were then recorded.4. It was possible to classify the neurones into four main categories: (i) non-descending neurones: neurones not activated antidromically by any of the subcortical stimulating electrodes. The majority of these neurones had very small (lemniscal type) receptive fields, (ii) corticobulbar neurones: these were invaded antidromically by stimulation of the peduncle but not by spinal or dorsal column nuclei stimulation. They had ;stocking-like' or larger receptive fields; (iii) cortico-spinal neurones: neurones driven antidromically by stimulation of corticospinal fibres. Characteristically, these neurones had large confluent fields, often bilateral. Very few had receptive fields of the lemniscal type; (iv) neurones invaded by dorsal column nuclei stimulation: the number of such units was extremely low and their receptive fields were large or ;stocking-like'.5. The results indicate that somatosensory area II in the cat does not exert an independent motor control of spinal neurones, and it is thought that corticofugal neurones of SII are involved in the control of somatosensory transmission rather than having a direct motor function.


The family as a system: a network of relationships.


Causes of variation of copper, iron, manganese, zinc and magnesium levels in bovine livers. 1. Determination of trace elements by atomic absorption spectrophotometry.


Incidence and distribution of neutralizing antibodies to porcine enteroviruses in Southern Africa.


The use of closed-circuit television in marital therapy.


Intervention in a pathological cycle of anxiety.


Editorial: Varicella-zoster infections: zoster immune globulin.


Cancer of the gastrointestinal tract. Histogenesis and premalignant lesions.


International trends: how to manage health--a summary of WHO technical discussions.


Cancer of the gastrointestinal tract. Diagnostic radiology.


The role of the nurse in counseling the alcoholic.


Speaking out on: increasing costs and reducing patient care in the name of patient protection or standards.


Strategies for interviewing in language and thought disorders.


In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Clinical implications and limitations.


The process of implementing the nurse's role in a neighborhood center.


Untoward effects of antimicrobial agents on major organ systems.


Psychiatric drugs and trends; new regulations on vitamins and minerals.


Viral infections of the central nervous system.


Antimicrobial drugs for treatment of infections caused by aerobic gram-negative bacilli.


The enhancement by caffeine of alkylation-induced cell death, mutations and chromosomal aberrations in Chinese hamster cells, as a result of inhibition of post-replication DNA repair.


New antituberculosis drugs and concepts of prophylaxis.


Geriatrics: CPI consumer price index.

Geriatrics: CPI consumer price index.


Translation of collagen mRNA from chick embryo calvaria in a cell-free system derived from Krebs II ascites cells.


Fertility control by intrauterine release of progesterone. The contraceptive effectiveness of small amounts of progesterone released in the uterine cavity via a silastic progesterone T IUD was studied.  Over 1600 woman-months of use in 249 women were evaluated.  The amount of progesterone remaining in 14 capsules revoved 161-200 days after insertion was variable, indicating a possible effect of individual uterine environment on release rates.  No pregnancies occurred while devices releasing adequate amounts of progesterone were in situ.  7.9% of the devices were displaced or expelled.  Serial plasma hormonal determinations showed no differences between patients with inert and progesterone IUDs.  There was no inhibition of ovulation or change in cervical mucus.  The mechanism of action is probably related to the decidual changes induced in the endometrial receptors.


Effect of exogenous conjugated estrogen on plasma gonadotropins and ovarian steroids during the menstrual cycle.


Demonstration of a defect in the formation of adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate in vasopressin-resistant diabetes insipidus.


Adenylate cyclase activity in immature rabbit lung.


Treatment of precocious puberty with cyproterone acetate.


Etiologic and epidemiologic investigations on the incidence of viral infections in two children communities during the period 1970-1971.


Interferon production by lymphocytes in human milk.