Biochemical lesions of respiratory enzymes and configurational changes of mitochondria in vivo. I. The effect of fluoroacetate: a study by phase-contrast microscopy and time-lapse cinemicrography.


A radioautographic study of the transport of  125 I-labeled serum lipoproteins in rat aorta.


Quantitative correlation of plasma and myocardial quinidine concentrations with biochemical and electrocardiographic changes.


Some factors controlling the secretion of antidiuretic hormone and renin.


Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. Clinicopathologic relationships, natural history, and prognosis in 29 cases.


Altered morphology and increased acid hydrolase content of pulmonary macrophages from cigarette smokers.


Effect of pyrazinamide on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide glycohydrolase of tuberculous host.


Alveolar cell carcinoma. Diagnosis by lobar lavage.


Effects of pneumonia on intrapulmonary distribution of inhaled particles.


Multiple cylindromas.

Multiple cylindromas.


Treating friction blisters with alkyl- -cyanoacrylates.


Carcinoma of mammary crease "simulating basal cell epithelioma".


Para-fluorophenylalanine as an inhibitor of parainfluenza 3 virus multiplication.


Differences between B. pertussis and propranolol induced histamine hypersensitivity in mice.


I. Pharmacology of angiotensin antagonists.


II. Pharmacology of angiotensin antagonists.


Inactivation of exogenous and neural noradrenaline by elastic and muscular arteries.


Some aspects of sarcoidosis.

Some aspects of sarcoidosis.


Hydroxyproline-rich wall protein (extensin): biosynthesis and accumulation in growing pea epicotyls.


Reticuloendotheliosis virus (strain T). VI. An immunogen versus reticuloendotheliosis and Rous sarcoma.


Studies on fowlpox viruses. I. Plaque formation of fowlpox virus on chick embryo cell culture.


Avian encephalomyelitis: pathogenesis and histologic features of dorsal root ganglia lesions in chicks.


Increased toxicity of double-stranded ribonucleic acid in virus-infected animals. Virus-infected mice were significantly more susceptible to the toxic effects of double-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) than uninfected mice. A dramatic increase in mortality was observed after injection of either synthetic (polyriboinosinic.polyribocytidylic acid) or natural (mycophage) double-stranded RNA in mice infected with Newcastle disease virus (NDV) or vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). With the exception of endotoxin, interferon inducers other than double-stranded RNA, such as tilorone-hydrochloride and chlorite-oxidized oxyamylose, did not show this increased toxicity in virus-infected animals. The increased susceptibility of virus-infected animals to the toxic effects of double-stranded RNA appears to be related to the levels of interferon induced by the virus infection, either systemically, in the blood stream (after inoculation of NDV), or locally, in the brain (after infection with VSV).


Studies on fowlpox viruses. II. Plaque-neutralization test.


Enhancement, by two carboxylic acid interferon inducers of resistance stimulated in mice by foot-and-mouth disease vaccine. Simultaneous injection of divinyl ether-maleic amhydride (DVE/MA) or itaconic-acrylic acid and foot-and-mouth disease virus vaccine enhanced the survival of infant mice to subsequent injections of virus. This enhanced resistance was obtained even with doses of interferon inducers which, when administered alone, failed to protect the mice. There was some increase in serum-neutralizing antibody in mice 7 days after injection of DVE/MA and vaccine, as compared with mice given vaccine alone, but there was no clear connection between antibody level and amount of DVE/MA administered.


In vivo studies with collagenase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. An extracellular protease from Pseudomonas aeruginosa having collagenase activity was assayed in vivo. The lethality of the enzyme for white female mice was determined by use of intravenous, intraperitoneal, intranasal, and subcutaneous routes, respectively. The collagenase exhibited the following 72-hr mean lethal dose values: intranasally, 55 collagenase units; intraperitoneally, 148 collagenase units; and intravenously, 288 collagenase units. In the concentrations tested, no lethality was obtained when the subcutaneous route was employed. Gross and microscopic studies revealed that the collagenase was capable of eliciting a variety of tissue responses in mice depending upon its route of administration. Intranasal instillation resulted in confluent pulmonary hemorrhage, whereas intraperitoneal injections resulted in severe abdominal hemorrhage with foci on the intestinal serosa. Intravenous injections elicited abdominal hemorrhage and petechial hemorrhage with focal necrosis of the lungs, whereas subcutaneous injections resulted in necrotic, ulcerating lesions.


Pathogenesis of herpetic neuritis and ganglionitis in mice: evidence for intra-axonal transport of infection. The pathogenesis of acute herpetic infection in the nervous system has been studied following rear footpad inoculation of mice. Viral assays performed on appropriate tissues at various time intervals indicated that the infection progressed sequentially from peripheral to the central nervous system, with infectious virus reaching the sacrosciatic spinal ganglia in 20 to 24 hr. The infection also progressed to ganglia in mice given high levels of anti-viral antibody. Immunofluorescent techniques demonstrated that both neurons and supporting cells produced virus-specific antigens. By electron microscopy, neurons were found to produce morphologically complete virions, but supporting cells replicated principally nucleocapsids. These results are discussed in the context of possible mechanisms by which herpes simplex virus might travel in nerve trunks. They are considered to offer strong support for centripetal transport in axons.


Assay of cortisol, corticosterone, 11-deoxycortisol and cortisone in ovine peripheral and adrenal venous plasma.


Distribution of adrenocorticotrophic hormone-stimulated adenylate cyclase in the adrenal cortex.


Morphological responses to corticotrophin and cyclic AMP by adult rat adrenocortical cells in monolayer culture.


The steroidogenic response of adult rat adrenocortical cells in monolayer culture.


A comparison of procedures for the isolation of adrenocorticotrophin from human pituitary glands.


Virus-like particles associated with the mycoplasmas of clover phyllody in the plant and in the insect vector.


Lymphocyte activation. 3. The prolonged requirement for mitogen in phytohaemagglutinin- and concanavalin A-stimulated cultures.


Decline in mixed lymphocyte reactivity of spleen cells from aged mice of a long-lived strain.


Oat cell carcinoma of bronchus associated with carcinoid syndrome and intestinal carcinoid.


Congenital epulis.

Congenital epulis.


Host defenses during primary Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus infection in mice. I. Passive transfer of protection with immune serum and immune cells.


Cervical cancer.

Cervical cancer.


Development and characteristics of the histamine-induced accumulation of cyclic AMP in the rabbit cerebral cortex.


Modulators of glutaminase activity.

Modulators of glutaminase activity.


Purification and characterization of an NADH-linked aldehyde reductase from bovine brain.


Distribution and properties of angiotensin converting enzyme of rat brain.


Angiotensinase activity in rat and dog brain.


An ATP pool associated with adenyl cyclase of brain tissue.


Serum inhibitors of A 2 -Hong Kong influenza virus haemagglutination.


Interaction of Sendai virus with human erythrocytes: a system for the study of membrane fusion.


Lung cancer in chloromethyl methyl ether workers.


Viral infections and demyelinating diseases.


Treatment of tuberculosis today in Nebraska.


Responsivity in infants during sleep.

Responsivity in infants during sleep.


Cerebral responses to flickering light in clinical research.


Effect of diphenylhydantoin on paroxysmal EEG activity induced by cortical cobalt focus.


Diagnosis and management of hyperlipoproteinemia in infants and children.


Pressure reversal of anesthesia: the extent of small-molecule exclusion from spin-labeled phospholipid model membranes.


The electromyogram and the mechanical response of indirectly stimulated muscle in anesthetized man following curarization.


Covalent and noncovalent control of glycogen synthesis.


Glycogen metabolism during differentiation in Dictyostelium discoideum.


Factors determining colony forming efficiency in agar suspension cultures.


Preliminary studies of the neurones of Auerbach's plexus using intracellular microelectrodes.


The structure and function of adrenal autotransplants.


On the neuronal organization of the acoustic middle ear reflex. A physiological and anatomical study.


Quantitative neural and psychophysical data for cutaneous mechanoreceptor function.


Nature of the midbrain influences upon thalamic neurons.


The quantitative relation between extracellular calcium and acetylcholine release at the frog neuromuscular junction.


A comparison of the binding of ( 14 C) -aminobutyric acid and ( 3 H)acetylcholine to particulate fractions of 4 regions of rat brain in the presence of 40 mM NaCl.


A possible role for mast cells in controlling the diameter of arterioles on the surface of the brain.


Dynamic single unit simulation of a realistic cerebellar network model.


Periodate-induced lymphocyte transformation. II. Character of response and comparison with phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen stimulation.


The study of cellular "microexudates" by ellipsometry and their relationship to the cell coat.


Use of a serum gradient for separation of polykaryocytes from single cells after fusion with Sendai virus.


Morphology and growth rate changes in Chinese hamster cells cultured in presence of sodium butyrate.


Comparative effects of caffeine, its analogues and calcium deficiency on cytokinesis.


Inhibition of DNA synthesis of synchronized cells by liver extracts acting in G1 phase.


Resistance of amoeba cytoplasm to cycloheximide.


Cyclic AMP of blood platelets: accumulation in organelles storing 5-hydroxytryptamine and ATP.


Release of fibrinolytic activators from human tumours cultured in vitro.


Cyclic AMP: its effect on an estrogen-sensitive antigen in organ cultures of the cervicovaginal epithelium from neonatal mice.


Possible role of glucose-6-phosphate in the anti-anaphylactic mechanism mediated by cyclic AMP.


A roentgenometric study of the process of ossification of the human sternum.


A new analysis of neuronal interspike intervals based on inequality tests.


A multistage transduction model for information processing in the nervous system.


Recognition of a gene involved in the regulation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide biosynthesis. Mutations affecting the biosynthesis of quinolinic acid, a precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) in Escherichia coli K-12, are either near min 17 (nadA mutants) or near min 49 on the chromosome. These nad mutants all exhibit a phenotypic requirement for NAD or one of its immediate precursors. The mutants with lesions near min 49 can be separated into two groups based on in vitro complementation analysis. One group (nadB) exhibits complementation with nadA mutants, whereas the other group fails to do so. The latter group is tentatively designated nadR based on its regulation of the unlinked nadA gene. The nadR gene maps adjacent to nadB between purI and tyrA.


Selection of respiratory mutants of Neurospora crassa. A method is described that permits the isolation of mutants that are defective in mitochondrial respiration. The techniques of inositol-less death and overlay with 2,3,5-triphenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride are utilized to select for mutant colonies. Colonies that survive inositol-less death and fail to reduce the tetrazolium dye are then tested polarographically for cyanide-sensitive respiration. A preliminary characterization of three mutants obtained by this method is presented. The mutants have been characterized by their cyanide-sensitive respiration rate, growth rate, the state III respiration rate of isolated mitochondria, inhibition of the respiration of isolated mitochondria by cyanide and antimycin A, and cytochrome spectra. All of the mutants described differ from the parent strain in some of these aspects.


Saccharomyces mutants with invertase formation resistant to repression by hexoses. Production of invertase by many strains of yeast is repressed in the presence of hexoses. This phenomenon interferes with studies on the secretion of invertase and with the preparation of large quantities of the enzyme for examination of its chemical and physical characteristics. Saccharomyces strain 303-67, a diploid carrying the single gene SUC-2 for (hexose repressible) invertase production, was subjected to ultraviolet irradiation. No single-step mutations to high level resistance were detected. By a two-step irradiation process mutants were obtained with differing degrees of resistance. The biochemical and genetic characteristics of these mutants are summarized with particular emphasis on FH4C (the most resistant). Although the steady state level of cyclic 3', 5'-adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP) was usually slightly higher in cells grown in low- rather than in high-glucose media, the level of cyclic AMP was not correlated with the sensitivity of invertase synthesis to glucose repression. In mutant FH4C, 1 to 2% of the total cell protein is present as invertase; synthesis of alpha-glucosidase is also resistant to repression by hexoses. This mutant does not sporulate and is probably a haploid of a-mating type with low frequency of conjugation and poor viability of conjugants. Mutants 1016 and 1710 are substantially resistant to hexose repression and still sporulate well. They may be useful for genetic analysis of hexose resistance.


Physiological modifications in the production and repair of methyl methane sulfonate-induced breaks in the deoxyribonucleic acid of Escherichia coli K-12. The medium in which Rec(+) strains of Escherichia coli K-12 are grown affected their sensitivity to treatment with methyl methane sulfonate (MMS). Rec(+) cells grown to the stationary phase in glucose-enriched nutrient broth (GNB) were more resistant to MMS than cells grown in nutrient broth (NB). The repair of MMS-induced breaks (or alkali-labile bonds) in the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from E. coli K-12 strains AB1157, AB1886 uvrA6, and SR111 recA13 recB21 grown in GNB and NB media was examined by means of alkaline sucrose gradient centrifugation. It appeared that essentially all of the repair of breaks that occurred, as evidenced by an increase in "molecular weight," took place within 10 min after treatment with MMS under our conditions. Cell survival was highest in cells for which the size of the DNA after the post-treatment incubation was the largest. The largest DNA after post-treatment incubation was found in Rec(+) cells grown in GNB medium. The results suggest that these cells may have an enhanced capacity for repairing breaks in DNA.


Fate of transforming deoxyribonucleic acid after uptake by competent Bacillus subtilis: phenotypic characterization of radiation-sensitive recombination-deficient mutants. A collection of 16 isogenic recombination-deficient strains of Bacillus subtilis isolated on the basis of sensitivity to methyl methane sulfonate (MMS) or mitomycin C (MC) were characterized phenotypically. All were found to be somewhat sensitive to ultraviolet irradiation, MC, and MMS. The mutants were all blocked in "late" steps in the transformation process and were provisionally grouped into four categories on the basis of the various properties examined. Class I mutants were deficient in transformation and heterologous transduction with phage PBS1 but were transducible with homologous donors at nearly the wild-type frequency. They were blocked in donor-recipient complex (DRC) formation but formed essentially normal amounts of double-strand fragments (DSF) and single-strand fragments (SSF). The class IIa strain was deficient in transformation and PBS1 transduction, and formed DRC which was normal by all available physical and biological criteria. Class IIb mutants were deficient in transformation and PBS1 transduction, and failed to form DRC. They did produce DSF and SSF. Class III mutants were deficient in transformation, were normal in PBS1 transduction, and formed DRC which was physically indistinguishable from that of the Rec(+) parent although with slightly lowered donor-type transforming activity. Class IV strains were deficient in PBS1 transduction but were transformed at nearly the wild-type efficiency. None of the mutant strains was deficient in the adenosine triphosphate-dependent deoxyribonuclease.


Methanol metabolism in pseudomonad C.

Methanol metabolism in pseudomonad C. Cell suspensions of pseudomonad C, a bacterium capable of growth on methanol as sole carbon source, were able to oxidize methanol, formaldehyde, and formate, although the rates of oxidation for the latter two compounds were much slower. The latter compounds also could not serve as sole carbon sources. Through the use of labeled compounds, it was shown that in the presence of methanol, formaldehyde, formate, and bicarbonate were incorporated into trichloroacetic acid-precipitable material. Hexose phosphate synthetase activity was found, indicating the assimilation of methanol via an allulose pathway. No hydroxypyruvate reductase activity was found, nor was any complex membrane structure observed. Such a combination of characteristics has been observed in an obligate methylotroph (Pseudomonas W1), but pseudomonad C can utilize a variety of non-methyl substrates.


CO 2  reduction to formate in Clostridium acidi-urici. Cell-free lysates of Clostridium acidi-urici catalyze the reduction of CO(2) to formate in the presence of reduced ferredoxin and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, reduced form.


Oligosaccharides produced by acetolysis of blood group active(A + H)sulfated glycoproteins from hog gastric mucin.


The crystal structure of a riboflavin-metal complex. Ribofalavin silver perchlorate hemihydrate.


Kinetics of the glucose 6-phosphate-glucose exchange activity and glucose inhibition of glucose 6-phosphatase of intact and disrupted rat liver microsomes.


Evaluation of the rate-determining steps and the relative magnitude of the individual rate constants for the hydrolytic and synthetic activities of the catalytic component of liver microsomal glucose 6-phosphatase.


Steroidogenesis and cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate accumulation in rat adrenal cells. Divergent effects of adrenocorticotropin and its o-nitrophenyl sulfenyl derivative.


Human adenine phosphoribosyltransferase. Purification, subunit structure, and substrate specificity.


Mitochondrial D- -hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase. IV. Kinetic analysis of reaction mechanism.


Mitochondrial-cytosolic interactions in perfused rat heart. Role of coupled transamination in repletion of citric acid cycle intermediates.


Some properties of the catalytic sites of imidazoleglycerol phosphate dehydratase-histidinol phosphate phosphatase, a bifunctional enzyme from Salmonella typhimurium.


Collagenase and hyaluronidase stimulation by dibutyryl adenosine cyclic 3':5'-monophosphate.


Urinary excretion of cyclic-3',5'-adenosine monophosphate in hyperthyroidism.


Biochemical observations in functioning human thyroid adenomas.


New in vitro tests to detect the thyroid stimulator in sera from hyperthyroid patients by measuring colloid droplet formation and cyclic AMP in human thyroid slices.


A comparison of the  -melanocyte-stimulating hormone and corticotropin response to hypoglycemia.


Male pseudohermaphroditism due to testicular 17 -hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency.


Plasma cortisone concentration as measured by radioimmunoassay.


Syndrome of hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism and hyperkalemia in renal disease.


Proinsulin and insulin release with a human insulinoma and adjacent nonadenomatous pancreas.


Biosynthesis of lymph and plasma lipoprotein apoproteins by isolated perfused rat liver and intestine. The ability of rat intestine and liver to synthesize the various apoproteins of plasma lipoproteins was investigated. After the individual isolated organs were perfused with blood containing [(3)H]lysine, chylomicrons plus very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), low density lipoproteins (LDL), and high density lipoproteins (HDL) were isolated from the perfusates and the intestinal lymph. After lipoprotein delipidation, apoproteins were separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and the (3)H content was determined. Livers incorporated [(3)H]lysine into all apoprotein bands of VLDL and HDL. The (3)H content was greater in large proteins that remained in the stacking gel (group I, predominantly beta-apoprotein) than in proteins with apparent molecular weights near 50,000 (group II) or in the smaller peptides (molecular weights near 10,000, group III). In the intestine, (3)H was incorporated into group I and, in larger amounts, into group II apoproteins of lymph VLDL. No labeled VLDL appeared in the perfusate. (3)H was also incorporated into group II apoproteins of lymph and perfusate HDL. Significantly, no [(3)H]lysine was found in the group III peptides of any lymph or intestinal perfusate lipoproteins. Since these peptides were always present in VLDL from mesenteric lymph collected in vivo, the results suggest that nascent VLDL of gut origin acquires group III peptides from other lipoproteins that penetrate lymph from plasma.


Alterations in lipid composition of plasma lipoproteins during deposition of egg yolk. The profiles of total lipids and of the molecular species of individual lipid classes were compared among corresponding lipoproteins of plasma and yolk of the laying hen. A close qualitative correspondence was found in the makeup of the molecular species of glycerophospholipids and triglycerides of the very low density lipoproteins and the high density lipoproteins of plasma and yolk. There was a lower proportion of the trienoic triglycerides and of the dienoic glycerophospholipids in the egg yolk than in the plasma lipoproteins, and the greatest differences (20-30%) were noted between the high density lipoproteins. It was also observed that the plasma high density lipoproteins lost their cholesteryl esters upon entering the yolk. On the basis of these and comparable analyses of the plasma lipoproteins of the nonlaying hen, it is concluded that the laying hen synthesizes specific lipoproteins for deposition in the yolk, and these are carried in plasma and selectively transferred to the developing ovum without significant equilibration with the other plasma lipoproteins.


Lipolysis and reesterification: effects of some inhibitors of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate phosphodiesterase. Theophylline and three lipolytic agents, 2,5-bis(2-chloroethylsulfonyl)-pyrrole-3,4-dicarbonitrile (substituted pyrrole), 2,4-diamino-6-butoxy-s-triazine (substituted triazine), and 2,3-dihydro-5,6-dimethyl-3-oxo-4-pyridazinecarbonitrile (substituted pyridazine), stimulate basal lipolysis in adipose tissue in vitro. They also cause an increased release of free fatty acids, but not glycerol, from adipose tissue in which lipolysis is already maximally stimulated by epinephrine. The four compounds also inhibit cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase and the conversion of [1-(14)C]glucose to (14)CO(2). Evidence is presented that free fatty acids accumulate as the result of inhibited reesterification. The substituted pyridazine and triazine, but not the pyrrole, elevate plasma free fatty acids after oral or intraperitoneal administration in rats.


Phospholipid metabolism in light and dark adapted excised retina.


Evidence for involvement of Ca 2+  in the incorporation of  32 P i  into the phosphatidylinositol of rat diaphragm.


Action of neuraminidase (EC 3.2.1.18) from Clostridium perfringens on brain gangliosides in the presence of bile salts.


Analysis of background firing of single sympathetic preganglionic neurons of cat cervical nerve.


A comparison of electrical properties of neurons in Necturus retina.


Computer-aided statistical analysis of the scintillation camera 131I-hippuran renogram.


Hypoglycemia in infancy and childhood. II.


Metabolic and biochemical studies in fructose 1,6-diphosphatase deficiency.


The association of viral and bacterial respiratory infections with exacerbations of wheezing in young asthmatic children.


Ultrastructural changes in adrenal, spleen and liver tissue, induced by chlorphentermine.


Scoliosis treatment. Skeletal maturity evaluation.


Carcinomas of the anorectal region of extramucosal origin with special reference to the anal ducts.


Immunological aspects of silicosis: possible implications.


Angiosarcoma following radical mastectomy. Report on two cases.


Mechanisms of central transmission of respiratory reflexes. Several types of respiratory reflex actions can be discerned according to the reactions of typical respiratory neurons in the efferent part of the central rhythmogenic structure. Whereas respiration runs closely parallel with inspiratory neuron activity the behaviour of expiratory neurons cannot be derived from the resulting reflex changes of respiration. So expiratory apnoea can be combined with continuous activity or with inactivation of expiratory neurons. Extracellular records from a closed uniformly reacting population of expiratory neurons and from neighbouring reticular neurons allowed experimental differentiation between different types of central respiratory reflex actions. In experiments on anaesthetized dogs the responses to chemoreceptor and baroreceptor excitation and to pulmonary inflation were investigated. Chemoreceptor excitation leads to activation of inspiratory, expiratory, and reticular neurons, whereas the baroreceptor afferents act in the opposite direction. In contrast moderate lung inflation causes more specific effects: activation of expiratory neurons, inactivation of inspiratory neurons. But if a certain degree of lung inflations is exceeded a more general inhibition of both inspiratory and expiratory neurons takes place. These results only apply to the "typical" respiratory neurons. The principles used to distinguish between the different types of reflexes are proposed for a basis of classification also of other neural, chemical or pharmacological influences on breathing.


The significance of cytoplasmic inclusions in late infantile and juvenile amaurotic idiocy. An ultrastructural study.


Granular cell myoblastoma of stomach.

Granular cell myoblastoma of stomach.


The seroepidemiology of amebiasis.

The seroepidemiology of amebiasis.


Trial of gaviscon in the treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux of infancy.


Hyperlipoproteinaemia in childhood.

Hyperlipoproteinaemia in childhood.


Bases methylated in vitro by cell-free extracts of adenovirus-18-induced tumours. The tRNA methylase activity in vitro of adenovirus-18-induced tumour was studied. The activity expressed per mg of protein was the same for extracts of tumours induced by either adenovirus-12 or adenovirus-18. The methylated bases isolated after incubation with extract from adenovirus-18-induced tumour were N(1)-methylguanine, 1-methyladenine, 3-methyladenine and N(6)-methyladenine.


Proton translocation by rat liver mitochondria with quinones as terminal acceptors.


Differences in the patterns of methylation in rat liver ribosomal ribonucleic acid after reaction in vivo with methyl methanesulphonate and NN-dimethylnitrosamine. 1. rRNA was isolated from rat liver at short intervals after the intraperitoneal injection of [(14)C]methyl methanesulphonate (50mg/kg) or NN-di[(14)C]methylnitrosamine (2mg/kg). These doses were chosen to minimize the effects of toxicity. 2. The following methods of hydrolysis of [(14)C]methylated rRNA were employed: enzymic digestion to nucleosides at pH8; alkaline hydrolysis and conversion into nucleosides; acid hydrolysis to bases. 3. The methylation products were analysed by chromatography on columns of Dowex-50 (H(+) form) and Dowex-50 (NH(4) (+) form). 4. With both methylating agents the principal product of methylation was 7-methylguanine. Differences were obtained, however, in the molar proportions of the minor bases 3-methylcytosine, 1-methyladenine and 7-methyladenine. Methylation at the O-6 position of guanine was a significant feature of rRNA obtained from the NN-di[(14)C]methylnitrosamine-treated animals but was not detected in rRNA after treatment with [(14)C]methyl methanesulphonate.


The mode of action of adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate in mammalian islets of Langerhans. Preparation and properties of islet-cell protein phosphokinase. 1. A protein was demonstrated in mammalian islets of Langerhans that after purification appeared as a single component possessing both cyclic-AMP (adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate)-binding and cyclic-AMP-dependent protein phosphokinase activities. 2. The protein had an intrinsic association constant for cyclic AMP of 1.15x10(-8)m, which was similar to the K(m) for cyclic AMP (1.11x10(-8)m) of the protein phosphokinase activity. 3. Incubation of the protein in the presence of cyclic AMP resulted in its dissociation into cyclic-AMP-independent protein phosphokinase (catalytic) and cyclic-AMP-binding (receptor) subunits, which could be separated on Sephadex G-200. 4. The cyclic-AMP-dependent protein phosphokinase was capable of phosphorylating a variety of proteins, the most readily phosphorylated being histone, casein and protein components of sub-cellular fractions prepared from islets of Langerhans. 5. The cyclic-AMP-dependent phosphorylation of histone had a K(m) for ATP of 1.1x10(-5)m. 6. The endogenous protein phosphokinase activity in rat islets incubated with agents that are known to alter the intracellular concentration of cyclic AMP was investigated. Theophylline and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, agents that raise cyclic AMP concentrations in islets, increased the activity of the protein phosphokinase, whereas adrenaline, which lowers islet cyclic AMP concentrations, decreased its activity. 7. It is suggested that cyclic AMP may exert its effects on insulin release by increasing the activity of a protein phosphokinase and may thereby promote the phosphorylation and activity of a rate-determining component of the secretory mechanism.


The primary structure of cytochrome c from the rust fungus Ustilago sphaerogena. 1. The complete amino acid sequence of cytochrome c from the basidiomycete Ustilago sphaerogena was determined from the amino acid compositions and sequences of either tryptic or chymotryptic peptides, and in homology with at least thirty other established sequences of cytochrome c. 2. The primary structure of the molecule bears all of the characteristics of a mammalian-type cytochrome c, showing the typical clustered distribution of hydrophobic and basic residues with a single polypeptide chain of 107 residues. 3. Like all other fungal cytochromes c, it possesses a free N-terminus, and one less residue at the C-terminus than vertebrate cytochromes c. The region of residues 70-80 is strictly conserved, as is histidine at position 18. Position 26 is occupied by an asparagine residue, in contrast to histidine which occurs at this location in most of the known sequences of mammalian-type cytochromes c. 4. In contrast to some other fungal and plant cytochromes c of known primary structures, the Ustilago cytochrome c molecule does not contain trimethyl-lysine. 5. The sequence of Ustilago cytochrome c differs from the sequences of human, horse, chicken, tuna, wheat, and baker's yeast proteins at loci 47, 43, 44, 44 and 38 respectively.


The metabolism of cyclopentanol by Pseudomonas N.C.I.B. 9872. 1. Pseudomonas N.C.I.B. 9872 grown on cyclopentanol as carbon source oxidized it at a rate of 228mul of O(2)/h per mg dry wt. and the overall consumption of 5.9mumol of O(2)/mumol of substrate. Cyclopentanone was oxidized at a similar rate with the overall consumption of 5.2mumol of O(2)mumol of substrate. Cells grown with sodium acetate as sole source of carbon were incapable of significant immediate oxidation of these two substrates. 2. Disrupted cells catalysed the oxidation of cyclopentanol to cyclopentanone by the action of an NAD(+)-linked dehydrogenase with an alkaline pH optimum. 3. A cyclopentanolinduced cyclopentanone oxygenase (specific activity 0.11mumol of NADPH oxidized/min per mg of protein) catalysed the consumption of 1mumol of NADPH and 0.9mumol of O(2) in the presence of 1mumol of cyclopentanone. NADPH oxidation did not occur under anaerobic conditions. The only detectable reaction product with 100000g supernatant was 5-hydroxyvalerate. 4. Extracts of cyclopentanol-grown cells contained a lactone hydrolase (specific activity 7.0mumol hydrolysed/min per mg of protein) that converted 5-valerolactone into 5-hydroxyvalerate. 5. Cyclopentanone oxygenase fractions obtained from a DEAE-cellulose column were almost devoid of 5-valerolactone hydrolase and catalysed the formation of 5-valerolactone in high yield from cyclopentanone in the presence of NADPH. 6. Incubation of 5-hydroxyvalerate with the 100000g supernatant, NAD(+) and NADP(+) under aerobic conditions resulted in the consumption of O(2) and the conversion of 5-hydroxyvalerate into glutarate. 7. The high activity of isocitrate lyase in cyclopentanol-grown cells suggests that the further oxidation of glutarate proceeds through as yet uncharacterized reactions to acetyl-CoA. 8. The reaction sequence for the oxidation of cyclopentanol by Pseudomonas N.C.I.B. 9872 is: cyclopentanol --> cyclopentanone --> 5-valerolactone --> 5-hydroxyvalerate --> glutarate --> --> acetyl-CoA.


The acid and enzymic hydrolysis of O-acetylated sialic acid residues from rabbit Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein. Rabbit Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein and bovine submaxillary glycoprotein were both found to contain sialic acid residues which are released at a slow rate by the standard conditions of acid hydrolysis. These residues are also resistant to neuraminidases from Vibrio cholerae and Clostridium perfringens. This behaviour was attributed to the presence of O-acetylated sialic acid, since the removal of O-acetyl groups by mild alkaline treatment normalized the subsequent release of sialic acid from rabbit Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein by acid and by enzymic hydrolysis. Determination of the O-acetyl residues in rabbit Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein indicated that on average two hydroxyl groups of sialic acid are O-acetylated, and these were located on the polyhydroxy side-chain of sialic acid or on C-4 and C-8. These findings confirm the assumption that certain O-acetylated forms of sialic acid are not substrates for bacterial neuraminidases. Several explanations have been suggested to explain the effect of O-acetylation of the side-chain on the rate of acidcatalysed hydrolysis of sialic acid residues.


Complete amino acid analysis of peptides and proteins after hydrolysis by a mixture of sepharose-bound peptidases. Incubation with a mixture of Sepharose-bound peptidases was shown to result in the quantitative release of amino acids from certain peptides and S-aminoethylated proteins. Subtraction of the low background values of amino acids generated by the enzymes enables amino acid ratios of corticotrophin-(1-24)-tetracosapeptide to be determined with a standard deviation on repeat digestions of 3-5%. Good values were obtained for amino acids that are completely or partially destroyed on acid hydrolysis, i.e. tryptophan, tyrosine, serine, asparagine and glutamine. Experiments with peptides containing d-amino acids showed that the enzyme mixture is stereospecific and could therefore be used to detect the presence of d-residues in peptides. The enzyme mixture completely hydrolyses peptide fragments obtained after Edman degradation and should therefore be useful for determining sequences of peptides containing acid-labile amino acid residues. The activities of the bound enzymes were unaltered over a period of 7 months and they provide a simple, reproducible procedure for the quantitative determination of amino acids in peptides and proteins containing l-amino acids.


A study of the phosphate linkages in phosphomannan in cell walls of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 1. The phosphomannan of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was released by Pronase digestion of cell walls and isolated by chromatography on DEAE-cellulose or by precipitation with borate-Cetavlon solutions. Mannose and phosphorus were present in the molar ratio 18:1 and the phosphate groups were in the diester form. 2. Hydrolysis with acid gave mannose 6-phosphate. Under mild acid conditions (autohydrolysis) the phosphate groups were converted into the monoester form, mannose was released and the molecular size of the phosphomannan was substantially decreased. 3. Hydrolysis with alkali also gave a monoester phosphate and a similar decrease in molecular weight. Under mild alkaline conditions the serine and threonine content of the phosphomannan was decreased by about 80%. The phosphate content was not altered. 4. Treatment with 40% (v/v) HF removed 70% of the phosphorus from the phosphomannan with no detectable decrease in molecular weight. 5. Periodate oxidation gave an oxophosphomannan from which 80% of the phosphorus was eliminated under mild alkaline conditions. 6. The properties of the phosphomannan are consistent with a structure in which the phosphate groups are located on the outside of the molecule and link C-1 of a terminal mannose unit with C-6 of another mannose unit, which is in turn attached to the polysaccharide backbone of the molecule. 7. The implications of this structure are discussed in relation to flocculation.


The oxidation of nicotinic acid by Pseudomonas ovalis Chester. The terminal oxidase. In cell-free extracts of Pseudomonas ovalis nicotinic acid oxidase is confined to the wallmembrane fraction. It is associated with an electron-transport chain comprising b- and c-type cytochromes only, differing proportions of which are reduced by nicotinate and NADH. CO difference-spectra show two CO-binding pigments, cytochrome o (absorption maximum at 417nm) and another component absorbing maximally at 425nm. Cytochrome o is not reduced by NADH or by succinate but is by nicotinate, which can also reduce the ;425' CO-binding pigment. The effects of inhibitors of terminal oxidation support the idea of two terminal oxidases and a scheme involving the ;425' CO-binding pigment and the other components of the electron-transport chain is proposed.


The binding of ribosomal subunits to endoplasmic reticulum membranes. The binding of ribosomes and ribosomal subunits to endoplasmic reticulum preparations of mouse liver was studied. (1) Membranes prepared from rough endoplasmic reticulum by preincubation with 0.5m-KCl and puromycin bound 60-80% of added 60S subunits and 10-15% of added 40S subunits. Membranes prepared with pyrophosphate and citrate showed less clear specificity for 60S subunits particularly when assayed at low ionic strengths. (2) Ribosomal 40S subunits bound efficiently to membranes only in the presence of 60S subunits. The reconstituted membrane-60S subunit-40S subunit complex was active in synthesis of peptide bonds. (3) No differences in binding to membranes were seen between subunits derived from free and from membrane-bound ribosomes. (4) It is concluded that the binding of ribosomes to membranes does not require that they be translating a messenger RNA, and that the mechanism whereby bound and free ribosomes synthesize different groups of proteins does not depend on two groups of ribosomes that differ in their ability to bind to endoplasmic reticulum.


A comparative study of the molecular structures of the plasma membranes and the smooth and the rough endoplasmic-reticulum membranes from rat liver. Plasma-membrane as well as smooth-, rough- and degranulated-endoplasmic-reticulum-membrane fractions were isolated from the microsomal pellet of rat liver. The purity of these fractions, as determined by marker-enzyme activities, electron microscopy, cholesterol content and RNA content, was found to be adequate for a comparative structural study. Major differences in lipid and protein composition were found to exist between the plasma membrane and the endoplasmic reticulum, but not between the smooth and the rough fractions of the endoplasmic reticulum. Differences in the location of membrane protein thiol groups and the mobility of the membrane phospholipids were observed between the plasma membranes and the endoplasmic reticulum, and these could be explained by differences in protein and lipid composition. However, by employing fluorescence and spin-labelling techniques structural changes were also observed between the smooth and the rough endoplasmic-reticulum fractions. These results suggest that the structural heterogeneity existing between the two latter membrane fractions occurs near or on their membrane surfaces and is not due to the greater number of ribosomes bound to the rough endoplasmic-reticulum fraction.


Neuronal hyperactivity following deafferentation of the lateral cuneate nucleus.


Effects of cryogenic blocking of pulvinar upon visually evoked responses in the cortex of the cat.


Actions of glutamic acid on spinal neurones.


Theophylline compounds and myasthenia gravis. II. Clinical report of nine cases.


Retardation of peripheral nerve myelination in mice treated with inhibitors of cholesterol biosynthesis. A quantitative electron microscopic study. The effect of two inhibitors of cholesterol biosynthesis, triparanol and AY 9944, on peripheral nerve myelination, was studied. Suckling mice were intraperitoneally injected with both drugs on 3 consecutive days and were sacrificed 6 hr after the last injection; others were suckled by an injected mother and sacrificed at 2(1/2) days of age. A single mouse which had been injected with both drugs at 1, 2, and 3 days of age was sacrificed 2 wk after the last injection. Membranous and crystalline intracytoplasmic inclusions were observed in the Schwann cells of the sciatic nerves of all the experimental animals. Both the number of unmyelinated single axons and the number of myelin lamellae around each myelinating axon in the sciatic nerves were recorded for treated mice and of mice suckled by treated mothers. The sciatic nerve of the experimental mice contained a larger proportion of unmyelinated single axons and smaller numbers of myelin lamellae around the myelinating axons, when compared with age-matched controls. The results suggest that a decrease of endogenous cholesterol in suckling mice may affect peripheral nerve myelination in two ways: by retarding the "triggering" of myelination in unmyelinated axons and by decreasing the rate of myelination already in progress.


The intrarenal distribution of tritiated para-aminohippuric acid determined by a modified technique of section freeze-dry radioautography. Section freeze-dry radioautography has been used to examine the intrarenal distribution of a water-soluble organic acid (para-aminohippuric acid (PAH-3H)) under constant-infusion, steady-state conditions in mouse and rat kidney in vivo. The technique described here has the following advantages: (a) Sectioning and freeze-drying are accomplished in a closed cryostat at temperatures below -40 degrees C; (b) Handling of the section is facilitated by mounting of the section-to-be on adhesive-coated Saran Wrap prior to cutting; (c) Unembedded freeze-dried sections are attached to photographic film at ambient temperature in the dark room; (d) Fixation follows completion of radioautographic exposure and precedes photographic development; (e) Permanent close contact is maintained between tissue and film. Morphologic preservation compared favorably with that obtained by optimal fixation techniques, which, however, permit diffusion. Cellular accumulation of PAH-3H during secretion was demonstrated in the proximal tubule under steady-state conditions in vivo. The cellular concentration of PAH-3H was uniform throughout the length of the proximal tubule in mouse and rat kidney.


Basal body replication and cilogenesis in a suctorian, Tokophrya infusionum. Basal body replication and ciliogenesis in Tokophrya infusionum were studied in synchronized cultures. Basal body replication occurs during the 1st hr of reproduction, which in Tokophrya is by internal budding. The number of basal bodies increases from about 20 to over 300 within this period. New basal bodies develop in association with mature basal bodies; they are formed at right angles to the mature basal body as short "probasal" bodies, which elongate, slant upward, become parallel to the mature basal body, and elongate to the mature size. Ciliogenesis occurs only during reproduction; the nonreproducing adult is not ciliated, and has only 18-25 barren basal bodies. Cilia first appear as short bulges above the basal body. The axonemal structure is incomplete at first, with one or both central microtubules absent, and occasionally the B fibers of the outer doublets are missing. Several accessory fibers are associated with the basal bodies, both in the adult and during reproduction. One of the fibers appears only after the cilia have sprouted. The scheme of basal body replication and ciliogenesis in Tokophrya is compared to that reported in other organisms, and the role of the accessory fibers is discussed.


Nuclear and organelle RNA synthesis in ochromonas: the effects of light.


Photooxidation of diaminobenzidine (DAB) by chloroplast lamellae.


A new method for the preparation of rat liver lysosomes. Separation of cell organelles of rat liver by carrier-free continuous electrophoresis. A combination of differential centrifugation and carrier-free continuous electrophoresis is introduced as a new method for the isolation of animal cell organelles. Various buffers were systematically checked in order to find the system which preserves the organelles and gives as well a good separation in the free-flow electrophoresis apparatus. Triethanolamine-acetate buffer (10 mM), pH 7.4 was used. The isolated lysosomes were pure according to marker enzymes and electron micrographs. A heterogeneity of the lysosomes in electrophoretic mobility was demonstrated with respect to the marker enzymes arylsulfatase and beta-glucuronidase. The lysosomes with higher mobility showed a maximum enrichment of 240-fold with respect to arylsulfatase. The lysosomes with lower electrophoretic mobility showed a 65-fold enrichment with respect to beta-glucuronidase. The ratio of beta-glucuronidase to arylsulfatase varied from 2:1 to 1:2 in lysosomes of different mobility. The yield amounted to approximately 1 mg of lysosomal protein per gram of liver protein. 5-8 mg of lysosomes can be obtained in one experiment. The electrophoretic separation proves to be an effective tool in obtaining pure and well preserved lysosomes.


Patterns of cytomegaloviral complement-fixing antibody activity: a longitudinal study of blood donors.


Complement as a mediator of inflammation in acute gouty arthritis. I. Studies on the reaction between human serum complement and sodium urate crystals.


The relationship between insulin secretion and triglyceride concentration in endogenous lipemia.


The use of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in differentiating type 3 hyperlipoproteinemia.


Some practical innovations in the biological assay of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).


Participation of macrophages in tumor immunity.


Relationship between blocking and unblocking activity and tumor growth in vivo.


Introduction: diagnosis and immunotherapy of cancer.


Augmented immunogenicity of tumor cell homogenates produced by infection with influenza virus.


Histopathology of Mycobacterium bovis (BCG)-mediated tumor regression.


Alpha-1-fetoprotein: serologic marker of human hepatoma and embryonal carcinoma.


In vitro methods for assessment of antibody-mediated tumor immunity.


Relationship between catecholamines and ACTH: effects of 6-hydroxy-dopamine.


Determination of the nucleotide sequence of a fragment of bacteriophage phiX 174 DNA.


Influence of adeno-associated satellite virus on adenovirus-induced tumours in hamsters.


Supercoiling of SV40 DNA can occur independently of replication.


Occurrence of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase in an RNA oncogenic virus.


Studies on endoneoplastic transformation of glial tumors in vitro in long-term tissue cultures and subcultures.


Carcinoma of the pancreas.

Carcinoma of the pancreas.


Glomus jugalare tumors: review and report of two cases.


The clinical laboratory in the investigation of patients with head injury.


Effects of a week of ACTH or corticosteroid treatment on the diuretic response to water intake. A probably neuropostpituitary response to corticosteroid load.


On the fine structure of free nerve endings in human digital skin, oral cavity and rectum.


Laboratory evaluation of hypertension: renal mechanisms.


Lysosomal structures in the stratum corneum of the ruminal epithelium of the sheep.


Studies on the trophoblastic nidation of the mouse ovum.


Platelets in the cytoplasm of adrenocortical cells injured by temporary ischemia.


Hydrosmotic effect of angiotensin II: isolated toad bladder.


Effects of ACTH and salt on blood pressure and steroid secretion in rats.


Constrictor activity of angiotensins I and II on perfused vascular circuits of the dog.


Renal gluconeogenesis and mitochondrial NAD+-NADH ratios in nursing and adult rats.


Mechanism of action of antiotensin II and antidiuretic hormone on renin secretion.


Renin-angiotensin system in primitive bony fishes and a holocephalian.


Effects of altitude stress on mitochondrial function.


The roentgenographic manifestations of pulmonary opportunistic infections.


Cavitating pulmonary metastatic disease in children.


Improved cryostat for spectrophotometry of cytochromes.


Immobilized enzymes: a prototype apparatus for oxidase enzymes in chemical analysis utilizing covalently bound glucose oxidase.


Human leukocyte interferon produced by use of an antibody-free human serum fraction. An antibody-free human serum fraction has been prepared by ammonium sulfate precipitation. This fraction can be substituted for whole serum in the production of optimal yields of interferon by induced human leukocytes.


Production and purification of large amounts of Rous sarcoma virus. Procedures are described for production and purification of large amounts of Rous sarcoma virus. The virus was produced by Rous sarcoma virus-transformed chicken embryo fibroblasts in roller culture which produced up to 6 mg of virus per day per liter of supernatant fluid. Various methods of concentrating virus were evaluated; pelleting yielded the best results in terms of recovery of infectious virus. Purification was achieved by means of successive velocity and equilibrium density centrifugation by using sucrose solutions made in low-salt buffer. A rapid method for the optical density measurement of virus concentration was also developed.


Procedure for drying leptospiral antibody on sand and sugar for serological studies in leptospirosis. A simple technique is described for drying sera on washed, dry sand or ordinary sugar cubes for the sero-diagnosis of leptospirosis. The results are shown to be very similar to those obtained with fluid sera or sera dried on filter paper discs. Sera adsorbed on sand or absorbed in sugar eliminated some of the problems associated with sera dried on paper. This method is suitable for use in the field and is expected to be of value in epizootiological studies where contamination and chemical denaturation of fluid serum samples held without refrigeration is a problem.


Method for detecting mycoplasma and bacterial L-form colonies in relief with an ordinary light microscope by means of oblique light. A simple method is described for obtaining images in relief of fresh preparations with an ordinary light microscope by lowering the condenser and displacing the objective at an "off-clicked" position.


Sleep-wakefulness, EEG and behavioral studies of chronic cats without neocortex and striatum: the 'diencephalic' cat.


Sleep-wakefulness, EEG and behavioral studies of chronic cats without the thalamus: the 'athalamic' cat.


A theoretical model of the cerebral cortex.


The interdependence series matrix; a method for determining the serial dependence of neuronal interspike intervals.


On the transduction of visual, mechanical, and chemical stimuli.


Action of ATP on the neural tissue-limb deplant of the salamander.


Activity of enzymes related to neurotransmission in neuronal and glial fractions.


Radiation damage to proteins--an e.s.r. study of a single crystal of glycyl-glycine at low temperatures.


Formation and trapping of radical pairs in irradiated thymine.


E.p.r. of free radicals formed in DNA and its constituents after exposure to discharge-excited inert gases. I. Thymine and thymidine.


Diagnosis of upper and mid inferior vena caval obstruction.


Two actions of cyclic AMP on melanosome movement in frog skin. Dissection by cytochalasin B. Photomicrography and reflectance microphotometry were used to monitor melanosome movement in frog skin melanocytes in vitro in response to hormonal stimulation and cytochalasin B (CB). Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH), theophylline, and dibutyryl cyclic AMP (DiBcAMP) induced melanosome dispersion (darkening) which was promptly arrested by cytochalasin B in concentrations of 5-20 microg/ml. Melanosome aggregation (skin lightening) occurred only after removal of the darkening agent (MSH, theophylline, or DiBcAMP) and proceeded in the presence or absence of CB. When CB was added to darkened skins, they did not lighten and melanosomes remained in the dispersed state. Use of CB has permitted the dissection of cyclic AMP-mediated melanosome dispersion into two distinct events. The first, induction of melanosome dispersion, is CB sensitive. The second action of intracellular cyclic AMP involves an uncoupling of the centripetal motive force, and is CB insensitive. In the latter process, production of cyclic AMP appears to produce the same result as application of microtubule-disrupting agents.


Ultrastructural localization of phospholipid synthesis in the rat trigeminal nerve during myelination. A method for the ultrastructural localization of acyltransferase enzymes involved in phospholipid metabolism has been applied to the developing rat trigeminal nerve. Determination of acyltransferase levels in the nerve indicated that a peak of activity occurs at the 8th day after birth with gradual declines of activity up to 15 days. Morphological surveys and determinations of cholesterol levels suggested that heavy myelin formation occurs in the nerve during this latter period. Fixed nerves incubated in a medium for localization of acyltransferases indicated deposition of reaction product associated with Golgi cisternae, intracellular smooth vesicles, and the plasma membrane of the Schwann cell in the incipient stages of myelin formation. Golgi-derived vesicles appeared to move toward the Schwann cell surface and fuse with the plasma membrane. Activity continued to be detectable in the plasma membrane of the internal mesaxon as long as cytoplasm was evident and mature myelin membrane was not yet formed. Cells in which myelin formation appeared advanced showed little or no enzyme marker. Consistent with cytochemical observations were biochemical determinations of acyltransferases which showed high levels of the enzymes in microsomes, while no activity could be detected in the myelin fraction. Acyltransferase reaction product was also observed in the Golgi apparatus of ganglion cell bodies, axoplasmic smooth vesicles, and the axolemma. Localization of acyltransferase enzymes in Schwann cells, ganglion cell bodies, and axons during development of the nerve is discussed in relation to membrane biogenesis in the nervous system.


Localization of Na + , K + -ATPase and other enzymes in teleost pseudobranch. I. Biochemical characterization of subcellular fractions. In an effort to determine the subcellular localization of sodium- and potassium-activated adenosine triphosphatase (Na(+), K(+)-ATPase) in the pseudobranch of the pinfish Lagodon rhomboides, this tissue was fractionated by differential centrifugation and the activities of several marker enzymes in the fractions were measured. Cytochrome c oxidase was found primarily in the mitochondrial-light mitochondrial (M+L) fraction. Phosphoglucomutase appeared almost exclusively in the soluble (S) fraction. Monoamine oxidase was concentrated in the nuclear (N) fraction, with a significant amount also in the microsomal (P) fraction but little in M+L or S. Na(+), K(+)-ATPase and ouabain insensitive Mg(2+)-ATPase were distributed in N, M+L, and P, the former having its highest specific activity in P and the latter in M+L. Rate sedimentation analysis of the M+L fraction indicated that cytochrome c oxidase and Mg(2+)-ATPase were associated with a rapidly sedimenting particle population (presumably mitochondria), while Na(+), K(+)-ATPase was found primarily in a slowly sedimenting component. At least 75% of the Na(+), K(+)-ATPase in M+L appeared to be associated with structures containing no Mg(2+)-ATPase. Kinetic properties of the two ATPases were studied in the P fraction and were typical of these enzymes in other tissues. Na(+), K(+)-ATPase activity was highly dependent on the ratio of Na(+) and K(+) concentrations but independent of absolute concentrations over at least a fourfold range.


Retinal structure in the smooth dogfish, Mustelus canis: light microscopy of photoreceptor and horizontal cells.


Chemotherapy of cutaneous herpesvirus infection of hairless mice.


The responses of the sebaceous glands of the hypophysectomized-castrated male rat to 5 -androstanedione and 5 -androstane-3 ,17 -diol.


Detection of heterozygous carriers of the Lesch-Nyhan syndrome by electrophoresis of hair root lysates.


Congenital adrenal hypoplasia: an isolated defect of organogenesis.


A Y-autosome translocation 46,X,t(Yq-7q+) associated with multiple congenital anomalies.


Antidiuretic therapy in Bartter's syndrome.


Tracheostomy in primary herpetic gingivostomatitis.


Familial glucocorticoid insufficiency.

Familial glucocorticoid insufficiency.


Poland's syndrome associated with leukemia.


Vascular permeability factor: dissociation from the angiotensin II induced pressor and drinking responses.


Reactions between an insect picornavirus and naturally occurring IgM antibodies in several mammalian species.


Cyclic AMP does not affect the rate at which cells attach to a substratum.


Comparison of the redox assay for ACTH with previous assays.


Nitrofurantoin polyneuropathy.

Nitrofurantoin polyneuropathy.


The effect of ACTH administration on plasma testosterone, dihydrotestosterone and serum LH concentrations in normal men.


Regulation of staphylococcal enterotoxin B: effect of anaerobic shock. The metabolism of glucose during enterotoxin B synthesis in Staphylococcus aureus S-6 was examined under anaerobic conditions in the presence and absence of nitrate. The repression of enterotoxin synthesis which occurs during the oxidative metabolism of glucose was relieved after a shift to anaerobic conditions; glucose was then converted primarily to lactic acid and was metabolized more rapidly, presumably to obtain the equivalent amount of energy available aerobically. A greater proportion of oxidized end products and evidently more energy per glucose molecule was produced in the presence of oxygen. Thus, available energy as judged by a change in the type and proportion of end products appears to be related to the degree of toxin repression. As expected, the addition of nitrate during anaerobic glucose metabolism prevented derepression of toxin synthesis.


On the state of the nervous system.

On the state of the nervous system.


Comparison of direct and indirect solid-phase microradioimmunoassays for the detection of viral antigens and antiviral antibody. Viral antigens were fixed to the surface of microtiter wells, and serial dilutions of antiviral antibody were added. The amount of antiviral antibody bound to viral antigens was determined by measuring the extent to which the antiviral antibody either inhibited the specific binding of (125)I-labeled antiviral immunoglobulin G (IgG) (direct technique) or enhanced the specific binding of (125)I-labeled anti-IgG (indirect technique). Immune complexes composed of viral antigens and antiviral antibody (human) could be detected by the binding of (125)I-labeled rheumatoid factor. Specific binding was influenced by the concentration of protein in the diluents used during the different steps of the procedure. A high concentration of protein in the diluent used with the viral antigens decreased specific binding, whereas a high concentration of protein in the diluent used with (125)I-labeled anti-IgG increased specific binding by decreasing nonspecific attachment of the labeled anti-IgG. Under the conditions employed, the titer of a given antiviral serum was several hundredfold greater by the indirect than by the direct technique.


Quantitative assessment of hemadsorption by myxoviruses: virus hemadsorption assay. The standardization and quantitative evaluation of an assay for myxoviruses, based on the enumeration of individual infected clone 1-5C-4 cells manifesting hemadsorption within 24 h of infection, are described. Hemadsorption was detectable earlier than immunofluorescence in infected cells or hemagglutinins in culture medium. The relationship between virus concentration and cells exhibiting hemadsorption was linear. The assay was highly precise, sensitive, and reproducible.


Quantitative assessment of hemadsorption by myxoviruses: anti-immunoglobulin G hemadsorption-inhibition test. A quantitative hemadsorption-inhibition test was developed to estimate myxovirus serum antibodies within 24 h by determining the serum dilution inhibiting hemadsorption in 50% of the infected cells. The test depends on the interactions of virus-infected cell monolayers with antiviral serum and of the resultant complexes with antiimmunoglobulin G serum. The incorporation of species-specific anti-immunoglobulin G serum into the test significantly increased sensitivity.


Experience with an image-analyzing computer in virus plaque measurements. Due to the extremely fast and reliable plaque-number determinations, the image-analyzing computer is most useful for large screening programs involving plaque-reduction tests.


Fish viruses: buffers and methods for plaquing eight agents under normal atmosphere. A universal procedure was sought for plaque assay of eight fish viruses (bluegill myxovirus, channel catfish virus, eel virus, Egtved virus, infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus, infectious pancreatic necrosis virus, lymphocystis virus, and the agent of spring viremia of carp (Rhabdovirus carpio), in dish cultures of various fish cells. Eagle minimal essential medium with sodium bicarbonate-CO(2) buffer (Earle's salt solution) was compared with minimal essential medium buffered principally with tris (hydroxymethyl)aminomethane or N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2'-ethanesulfonic acid at a pH or in the range of 7.6 to 8.0 depending upon temperature. Five fish cell lines collectively capable of replicating all fish viruses thus far isolated were tested and quantitatively found to grow comparably well in the three media. Two-phase (gel-liquid) media incorporating the various buffer systems allowed plaquing at 15 to 33 C either in partial pressures of CO(2) or in normal atmosphere, but greater efficiency and sensitivity were obtained with the organic buffers, and, overall, the best results were obtained with tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane. Epizootiological data, specific fish cell line response, and plaque morphology permit presumptive identification of most of the agents. At proper pH, use of organic buffers obviates the need for CO(2) incubators.


Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of alcohol dehydrogenases. Binding of inhibitors to the yeast and liver enzymes.


Flocculant and chemical properties of a polysaccharide from Pullularia pullulans. An extracellular polysaccharide, PP-floc, was synthesized from glucose by Pullularia pullulans (or Aureobasidium pullulans) in a pilot plant batch fermentor containing 175 liters of culture medium. At 58 h of fermentation, the concentration of PP-floc was 1.03 g/100 ml, giving a 25.8% conversion of initial glucose to polysaccharide. The flocculant activity of the culture medium increased during the fermentation process and reached its maximum at 50 h of culture age. Less PP-floc (0.33 lb/ton of slimes [approximately 149.7 g/0.907 t]) was required to give the same flocculant activity as a synthetic polymer of acrylamide, Separan NP-10 (0.5 lb/ton of slimes [approximately 226.8 g/0.907 t]), at all temperatures from 25 to 100 C. The degree of inactivation of PP-floc and Separan NP-10 at elevated temperatures was almost identical, and they were completely inactivated at about the same temperature (80 C). PP-floc also gave better compaction of slimes than Separan NP-10 at all temperatures tested. PP-floc was soluble in water and its specific optical rotation was [alpha](D) (25) + 194 degrees in water (c, 0.4). PP-floc contained 83.3% carbohydrate, 3.2% protein, and 8.1% water. Glucose was found to be the principal sugar monomer with traces (>5%) of galactose and mannose present. Structural studies on the fractions of purified polysaccharide by methylation and by periodate oxidation techniques prove that PP-floc is linear and composed of alpha-(1 --> 4) and alpha-(1 --> 6) glucopyranosyl units in the approximate ratio of 2:1. The action of pullulanase on crude PP-floc suggested the ordered arrangement of two consecutive alpha-(1 --> 4)-linked glucopyranosyl units flanked by alpha-(1 --> 6)-linked glucopyranose residues.


Interaction of chloride ion with horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase-reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide complexes.


Simultaneous binding of competitive ligands to horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase.


Spectroscopic and magnetic studies of iron (3) phosvitins.


In vitro adenylylation of lysine-sensitive aspartylkinase from Escherichia coli TIR-8.


A complex of cytochrome c and mixed mitochondrial phospholipids.


Cofactor activity of protein components of human very low density lipoproteins in the hydrolysis of triglycerides by lipoproteins lipase from different sources.


Rapid two-channel microfluorimetry: a method for comparative study of metabolism, phase differences or transport in the cytoplasm and nucleus.


The purification of lysosomes from HeLa cells by centrifugation in colloidal silica density gradients.


Magnetic properties of potassium dithioferrate: a linear chain antiferromagnet and model compound for the exchange interactions in two-iron ferredoxins.


On the mechanism of superoxide dismutase. Reaction of the bovine enzyme with hydrogen peroxide and ferrocyanide.


The reaction of nitric oxide with ceruloplasmin.


Adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase of bovine tracheal smooth muscle.


The phytases. II. Properties of phytase fractions F 1  and F 2  from wheat bran and the myoinositol phosphates produced by fraction F 2 .


The metabolic and endocrine response to injury: a review.


Cerebral metabolic effects of hyperventilation and deliberate hypotension.


Effects of anaesthetic agents on metabolic pathways: fuel utilization and supply during anaesthesia.


Endocrine responses to anaesthetic agents.


Indirect inhibition of the biosynthesis of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol in rats treated with a diphosphonate.


Two sites of cardiovascular action of angiotensin II in the brain of the dog.


Plasma volume, extracellular fluid volume and exchangeable sodium concentrations in the New Zealand strain of genetically hypertensive rat.


A preliminary attempt to measure continuity of care in a community mental health center.


Evaluation of chronic pain in children.

Evaluation of chronic pain in children.


The pathophysiology of pain.

The pathophysiology of pain.


Problems of information processing in the nervous system.


Transfer of information within the cockroach central nervous system during shock avoidance learning: is there a nerve impulse code(s) for learned information?


Medical schools and teaching hospitals should become involved in development and operation of PSROs.


An electrophysiological investigation of skeletal muscle in Parkinson's disease.


Ultrastructure of a human spinal neuroma.


Amyloidosis.

Amyloidosis.


Gout.

Gout.


Chondrocalcinosis and pseudogout.

Chondrocalcinosis and pseudogout.


Primary neoplasms of joints.

Primary neoplasms of joints.


Single fibre EMG in juvenile myasthenia gravis.


The relationship between maternal and neonatal sleep.


Eye movements in infants using DC recording.


Involvement of sural nerve in neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinoses: report of two cases.


Papaverine antagonism of prostaglandin E 2 -induced contraction of rabbit aortic strips.


Mechanism of the enzymatic reaction catalyzed by UDPG dehydrogenase. I. Study of the initial rate and kinetic mechanism of the reaction.


Effect of theophylline on alkaline phosphatase activity of denervated skeletal muscle fibers.


Sex-dependent effects of cyclic AMP on the hepatic mixed function oxidase system.


Investigation of conformational transitions of cytochrome c by the spin-tag method.


Investigation of electrostatic charges in proteins by the paramagnetic probe method.


The secondary structure of collagenase.

The secondary structure of collagenase.


Modification of E. coli B RNA-polymerase by 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-chloromercuricarbobenzoxypiperidine-1-oxyl.


Cyclic AMP.

Cyclic AMP.


Collagenase debridement.

Collagenase debridement.


Rural emergency psychiatric services.

Rural emergency psychiatric services.


Immunohistochemical and histochemical studies of pituitary beta-lipotrophs.


Cytology of diffuse liver disorders.

Cytology of diffuse liver disorders.


Inclusion bodies in cells from a hydatidiform mole.


Intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions in some types of thyroid cancer.


A Novel function of cytochrome C (555, Chlorobium thiosulfatophilum) in oxidation of thiosulfate.


Cytochrome oxidase and NADH cytochrome c. Reductase distribution during skin wound healing in rats of various ages.


Diadenosine tetraphosphate splitting by rat liver extracts.


An alternate enzymic route for the synthesis of the alkyl analog of phosphatidic acid involving alkylglycerol.


Cytologic changes of the respiratory tract in young adults as a consequence of high levels of air pollution exposure.


Clustering of lecithin molecules in phosphatidylserine membranes induced by calcium ion binding to phosphatidylserine.


Bronchial brushing technique for the cytologic diagnosis of peripheral lung lesions. A review of 693 cases.


Cytologic detection of vaginal parasitosis.


Incorporation in vitro of purified cytochrome b 5  into liver microsomal membranes.


On the structure of NADH-X.

On the structure of NADH-X.


The effect of starvation on tissue adenosine 3'-5' monophosphate levels.


Reversible inactivation by NADH and ADP on Chlorella fusca nitrate reductase.


Ribonuclease H activity present in purified DNA polymerase from avian myeloblastosis virus.


Fluorescence studies of a cytochrome C mixed phospholipid complex.


Heme modification studies of myoglobin. I. Purification and some optical and EPR characteristics of synthesized myoglobins containing unnatural hemes.


Kinetics and equilbria among the multiple forms of ferricytochrome.


Are stages of sleep related to waking behavior?


The effect of the sialyl residues on the thermodynamic and hydrodynamic properties of   1 -acid glycoprotein.


A rat-specific lysine-rich histone.

A rat-specific lysine-rich histone.


Alkaline sucrose sedimentation studies of DNA from P388F lymphoma cells treated with disfunctional alkylating agents.


Differences in the transfer RNA methyltransferases from normal rat liver and Novikoff hepatoma.


Structural analyses of mammalian ribosomal ribonucleic acid and its precursors. The distribution of polypyrimidine sequences in ribosomal 18-S RNA.


Value of an ACTH test in assessing hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical function in glucocorticoid-treated patients. Forty-eight patients receiving glucocorticoid treatment were tested with ACTH stimulation using alpha(1, 24) ACTH (tetracosactrin). All patients subsequently underwent non-acute major surgery without any glucocorticoid administration, and their clinical course and plasma corticosteroids were followed closely. No case of adrenocortical insufficiency was observed. A highly significant correlation was found between the pre-operative adrenocortical response to ACTH and the hypothalmic-pituitary-adrenocortical (H.P.A.) response to surgery. A normal response to ACTH stimulation was never followed by a greatly impaired H.P.A. response to surgery. It seems that a simple ACTH stimulation test is reliable in predicting the integrated H.P.A. response to major stress in glucocorticoid-treated patients.


Persistence of tanapox in Tana River valley. Sera collected from inhabitants of the Tana River valley in 1971 were examined for antibody to tanapox virus. Neutralizing antibody was present in 16.3%. The levels of antibody and its presence in two children under the age of 10 years indicated that infection had been occurring in the area since the reported outbreak in 1962. A comparison of the incidence and distribution of antibodies in the same sera to West Nile virus revealed marked similarities suggesting that tanapox, like West Nile virus infections, might be transmitted in the same way-namely, by a culicine mosquito.


Outbreak in Bristol of conjunctivitis caused by adenovirus type 8, and its epidemiology and control. In an investigation of an outbreak of adenovirus type 8 infection involving over 40 people it was found that the infection spread initially within the eye hospital, but subsequently involved several family contacts and two local hospitals for mentally subnormal patients. Presumptive diagnosis should be possible before subepithelial opacities have developed provided an adequate history is taken, and had that been done in this outbreak it is reasonable to suppose that many cases could have been prevented.


Enterovirus infections.

Enterovirus infections.


Zollinger-Ellison syndrome reclassified.


A spin probe study of the influence of cholesterol on motion and orientation of phospholipids in oriented multibilayers and vesicles.


Effects of intravenous neuraminidase on the turnover of fibrinogen.


Studies with a mass balance method of measuring fibrinogen synthesis.


Future developments in prophylaxis.

Future developments in prophylaxis.


Intrauterine infections: chairman's summary.


Congenital cytomegalovirus infections.

Congenital cytomegalovirus infections.


Foetal interferon responses induced by rubella virus.


Serum lipoprotein patterns in patients with coronary atherosclerosis.


Choice of conditions for the gradient flotation of serum lipoproteins in swing-out rotors.


Pathological effects of lead.

Pathological effects of lead.


The role of renal factors in the pathogenesis of experimental hypertension.


Ultrastructural alterations in X-irradiated epidermis.


An ultrastructural study of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (Sarcoma botryoides) of the bladder.


Studies on the neutralization of herpes simplex virus. VI. The mode of action of complement upon antibodysensitized virus.


Plaque formation by herpes simplex virus in established calf kidney cells.


Origin of thymidine kinase in the cells infected with infectious canine hepatitis virus.


Adenovirus infection in intussusception of Japanese infants.


Stimulation by cyclic AMP and ppGpp of chloramphenicol acetyl transferase synthesis.


Narcolepsy.

Narcolepsy.


Phospholipid incorporation into plasma membrane of lactating mammary cell with special reference to sphingomyelin.


Australian tiger snake venom--an inhibitor of transmitter release.


Effect of lysine vasopressin and ACTH 4-10  on conditioned avoidance behavior of hypophysectomized rats.


Effect of stress and hypothalamic deafferentation on the secretion of growth hormone in the rat.


Evidence for a diurnal fluctuation in plasma corticosterone levels after fornix transection in the rat.


Basal-cell adenoma of the upper lip. Report of a case.


Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the soft tissues of the mandible.


Metabolism of ethanol and its effects upon the liver.


Electron spin resonance and pulse radiolysis studies of irradiated aqueous solutions of 5-nitrouracils. Oxidative denitration by OH radicals.


Endocrine liver tumours.

Endocrine liver tumours.


Carcinoma in a Hamman-Rich lung. A case report.


Angiotensin, aldosterone and DOC in hypertensive disease of pregnancy.


"Fingerprint inclusions" in muscle fibres in dystrophia myotonica.


Mechanism of demyelination in JHM virus encephalomyelitis. Electron microscopic studies.


A piezoelectric cascade impactor for aerosol monitoring.


The digestion of lung tissue for mineral dust recovery.


Spontaneous regression of a putative childhood hepatoma. A reappraisal.


Growth in children following renal transplantation.


An alternative in trophoblastic disease follow-up.


Taurodont, pyramidal and fused molar roots associated with other anomalies in a kindred.


Growth and skeletal maturation in British Columbia Indian Populations.


Carpal tunnel syndrome in rheumatoid arthritis.


Primary malignant tumors of the esophagus other than typical epidermoid carcinoma.


Biological activity of 2-phenylethanol and its derivatives. 8. Influence on herpesvirus DNA-synthesis in rabbit kidney cells.


In situ fragmentation of RNA in poliovirus.


Thermosensitive events in adenovirus transformed cells. II. Helping of adenovirus-associated viruses.


Thermosensitive events in adenovirus transformed cells. I. Resistance to herpes simplex virus.


Effect of phleomycin on the replication of mengovirus in novikoff hepatoma cells.


Interferon induction by rice dwarf virus RNA. Antiviral activity in vitro and its stability.


DEAE-dextran enhancement of in vivo infection with murine leukemia virus.


Ultrastructural study on the sequence of human cytomegalovirus infection in human diploid cells.


Lyophilization of varicella virus. Brief report.


Experimental corneal infection of the cebus monkey with herpesvirus hominis type 1 and type 2.


Hypertension with adrenal, genital, renal defects, and deafness. A new familial syndrome.


The substitution of corticotrophin for corticosteroid in the treatment of children and adults with chronic asthma.


Glomus jugulare tumour: a case report.

Glomus jugulare tumour: a case report.


Kinetics of refolding of guanidine hydrochloride denatured cytochrome c. Temperature dependence.


Monkeypox virus.

Monkeypox virus.


Synthesis, biological activity, and  19 F nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of angiotensin II analogs containing fluorine.


Measurement of fast lateral diffusion of lipids in vesicles and in biological membranes by  1 H nuclear magnetic resonance.


Stimulation of renal gluconeogenesis by inhibition of the sodium pump.


Effects of catecholamines on ammoniagenesis and gluconeogenesis by renal cortex in vitro.


Preovulatory changes in the synthesis of cyclic AMP by rabbit Graafian follicles.


Structural studies on avian myeloblastosis virus: conditions for isolation and biochemical characteristics of the core component.


Hormone- and fluoride-sensitive adenylate cyclases in human fetal tissues.


Studies on a peptidase acting on a synthetic collagenase substrate. Developmental pattern in rat granuloma tissue and distribution of enzyme in the tissues of various animals.


Two anti-anxiety drugs: a psychoneuroendocrine study. Eight males were studied during 27 weeks, including two periods of five weeks during which they received clinical doses of sodium amylobarbitone and benzoctamine. Substitution of placebo for either drug caused raised anxiety and impairment of mental concentration. The drugs reduced restlessness during sleep and reduced paradoxical sleep. By the fifth week of sodium amylobarbitone, although sleep was still less restless in the early night it was more restless than normal in the late night.Blood samples were taken half-hourly during sleep by indwelling venous catheter. Plasma growth hormone concentration was little affected during drug administration but rose temporarily after withdrawal. There was a reduction of plasma corticosteroid concentration during sleep throughout administration of the drugs and a rebound above normal during the first withdrawal week.


Acute respiratory virus infections.

Acute respiratory virus infections.


Clarke's column and the dorsal spinocerebellar tract: a review.


Critical periods in brain development. In: lipids, malnutrition & the developing brain.


The phylogenetic evolution of the corneal stroma. Distribution of carbohydrates in the macromolecular complexes of the primate baboon (Cynocephalus papio-papio) corneal stroma.


Studies on enzymes from parasitic helminths. 3. Purification and properties of lactate dehydrogenase from the tapeworm, Hymenolepis diminuta.


Temperature-sensitive mutations in Drosophila melanogaster. XII. The genetic and developmental effects of dominant lethals on chromosome 3. Out of 25,000 EMS-treated third chromosomes examined, ten dominant temperature-sensitive (DTS) lethal mutations which are lethal when heterozygous at 29 degrees C but survive at 22 degrees C were recovered. Seven of the eight mutations mapped were tested for complementation; these mutants probably define eight loci. Only DTS-2 survived in homozygous condition at 22 degrees C; homozygous DTS-2 females expressed a maternal effect on embryonic viability. Two of the mutant-bearing chromosomes, DTS-1 and DTS-6, exhibited dominant phenotypes similar to those associated with Minutes. Each of the seven mutants examined exhibited a characteristic phenotype with respect to the time of death at 29 degrees C and the temperature-sensitive period during development. Only DTS-4 exhibited dominant lethality in triploid females.


Methadone in a 30-day detoxification program for narcotic addicts: a critical review.


Action in primary afferent fibers in the spinal cord.


A mode control model of a neuron's axon and dendrites.


Excitability changes during the sleep cycle in the cat.


A model of hippocampal CA3 circuitry.

A model of hippocampal CA3 circuitry.


Synaptic inhibition in the spinal cord.

Synaptic inhibition in the spinal cord.


Energy and signal.

Energy and signal.


Integration in the nervous system: the starch for its mechanisms.


Statistical analysis of sleep in rats.

Statistical analysis of sleep in rats.


Effects of the electrophoretic application of sulfhydryl reagents to the end-plate receptors.


Radiologic manifestations of mongolism.

Radiologic manifestations of mongolism.


Induction of polyoma virus by fluorescent (visible) light in polyoma-transformed cells pretreated with 5-bromodeoxyuridine.


Genetic control of the group-specific antigen of murine leukaemia virus.


Binding of N-acetyl-neuraminic acid by wheat-germ agglutinin.


Ribonucleoprotein binding of steroid-"receptor" complexes.


Control of phenotypic expression of cultured melanoma cells by melanocyte stimulating hormones.


Chronic stress effects on adrenocortical responsiveness in young and aged rats.


Amino acids and polypeptides in neuronal function.


Control of staphylococcal infections and disease in the newborn through the use of hexachlorophene bathing.


Improved gel-filtration method for analysis of estrogen receptor binding.


Problems in the measurement of bile acids with 3 -hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.


Continuous fractionation of proteins and mucopolysaccharides by simultaneous two-dimensional gel filtration and electrophoresis.


Separation and identification of Neurospora phosphatases by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.


A new, sensitive method for the determination of streptomycin.


A simplified radiometric assay for plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine.


Interference with polyoma virus replication by homologous incomplete virus.


Cell surface antigen on quail cells infected with herpesvirus of turkey or Marek's disease virus.


Photo-oxidative modification of the heme ligands in horse heart ferricytochrome c: conformational and functional studies.


Activation of leucocyte collagenase proenzyme by rheumatoid synovial fluid.


Actinomycin D for Wilm's tumour.

Actinomycin D for Wilm's tumour.


Investigation of crosslinks in collagen following an enzymic hydrolysis.


Studies on the replication of polyoma DNA: physicochemical properties of viral DNA synthesized when protein synthesis is inhibited.


Hyperlipidaemia in asthmatic patients receiving long-term steroid therapy. Plasma lipids were measured in 100 female asthmatic patients receiving long-term steroid therapy. A significant increase in the incidence of endogenous hypertriglyceridaemia but not of hypercholesterolaemia was found. The hypertriglyceridaemia was not due to obesity or diabetes. Neither the dose of steroid, duration of therapy, nor the addition of corticotrophin gel or depot tetracosactrin influenced the prevalence of hypertriglyceridaemia.


Antigenic homogeneity of enterotoxin from different agglutinating serotypes of Clostridium perfringens.


The mechanism of a host-dependent abortive bacteriophage infection in Caulobacter.


A study of phagocytosis of radio-labeled Staphylococcus epidermidis and on structural events during intracellular degradation.


Degradation of poliovirus RNA in vivo.

Degradation of poliovirus RNA in vivo.


Enhancement of interferon production of murine peritoneal leukocytes by mineral oil: the effect of experimental EMC infection in mice.


Further studies on a glycolipid formed from dolichyl-D-glucosyl monophosphate.


Stimulation of intestinal mucosal proliferation by vitamin D.


Sexual dimorphism in hand and wrist ossification.


Hexose transport in normal and in Rous sarcoma virus-transformed cells.


On the role of heme in the formation of the structure of cytochrome c.


Evidence for an androgen-independent mechanism regulating the levels of receptor in target tissue.


Activation of a guanosine triphosphate-specific protein kinase by adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase in rat cells of the rat.


Studies on the relationship between androgen receptors and the transport of androgens in rat prostate.


Evidence for delayed development of the glucagon receptor of adenylate cyclase in the fetal and neonatal rat heart. The effects, in vivo, of epinephrine, glucagon, and dibutyryl cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) on the glycogen content of rat heart and liver and, in vitro, upon adenylate cyclase activity in homogenates of rat heart and liver were determined during the latter third of gestation and the neonatal period. Hepatic glycogen was depleted by epinephrine, glucagon, and dibutyryl cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate, but myocardial glycogen was depleted only by epinephrine and dibutyryl cyclic AMP in the neonates. Hepatic adenylate cyclase activity was augmented by both epinephrine (10(-5) M) and glucagon (10(-5) M), and myocardial cyclase was increased only by epinephrine in tissue obtained from 16, 18, and 20 day fetal rats. Myocardial adenylate cyclase responsiveness to glucagon was present in tissue obtained from rats 4 wk of age and older. It is concluded that in contrast to hepatic adenylate cyclase, myocardial adenylate cyclase in the rat is not responsive to glucagon during gestation and that responsiveness to glucagon and the associated ability of glucagon to deplete myocardial glycogen do not develop until well after birth.


Plasma lipoproteins in familial lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency. Further studies of very low and low density lipoprotein abnormalities. Plasma lipoproteins of d<1.006 g/ml, d 1.006-1.019 g/ml, and d 1.019-1.063 g/ml from patients with familial lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency yielded abnormal subfractions upon being separately filtered through 2% agarose gel. A subfraction that emerged with the void volume and contained unusually large amounts of unesterified cholesterol and phosphatidylcholine was present in each lipoprotein group, and in each group this subfraction was less prominent in the nonlipemic plasma of one patient than in the lipemic plasma of other patients. A subfraction containing smaller lipoproteins also was present in each lipoprotein group. These lipoproteins were of the same size as normal lipoproteins of the corresponding density, but contained abnormally small amounts of cholesteryl ester. The lipoproteins of 1.019-1.063 g/ml contained abnormal components of intermediate molecular weight as well as large and small abnormal components similar to those described previously. The intermediate components were more prominent in the nonlipemic plasma but were easily recognized in the hyperlipemic plasma as a peak of S(f) 20-30 in the analytical ultracentrifuge. Also they could be recognized, upon electron microscopy of the lipoproteins of d 1.019-1.063 g/ml, as particles 340-1000 A in diameter. The data suggest that related large, abnormal particles pervade the patients' very low and low density lipoproteins, and that the large particles are affected by, but are not dependent on, the lipemia that frequently accompanies the disease. The smaller very low and low density lipoproteins appear to be counterparts of lipoproteins present in normal plasma. Their abnormal composition is compatible with the possibility that lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase normally decreases the triglyceride and phosphatidylcholine and increases the cholesteryl ester of very low density and low density plasma lipoproteins in vivo.


Glucagon release induced by pancreatic nerve stimulation in the dog. A direct neural role in the regulation of immunoreactive glucagon (IRG) secretion has been investigated during stimulation of mixed autonomic nerves to the pancreas in anesthetized dogs. The responses were evaluated by measurement of blood flow and hormone concentration in the venous effluent from the stimulated region of pancreas. Electrical stimulation of the distal end of the discrete bundles of nerve fibers isolated along the superior pancreaticoduodenal artery was invariably followed by an increase in IRG output. With 10-min periods of nerve stimulation, the integrated response showed that the higher the control glucagon output, the greater was the increment. Atropinization did not influence the response to stimulation. That the preparation behaved in physiologic fashion was confirmed by a fall in IRG output, and a rise in immunoreactive insulin (IRI) output, during hyperglycemia induced by intravenous glucose (0.1 g/kg). The kinetics of this glucose effect on IRG showed characteristics opposite to those of nerve stimulation: the lower the control output, the less the decrement. Furthermore, during the control steady state, blood glucose concentration was tightly correlated with the IRI/IRG molar output ratio, the function relating the two parameters being markedly nonlinear. Injection or primed infusion of glucose diminished the IRG response to simultaneous nerve stimulation. Measurement of IRG was inferred to reflect response of pancreatic glucagon secretion on the basis of the site of sample collection (the superior pancreaticoduodenal vein), the absence of changes in arterial IRG, and similar responses being obtained using an antibody specific for pancreatic glucagon. THESE STUDIES SUPPORT A ROLE FOR THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM IN THE CONTROL OF GLUCAGON SECRETION: direct nerve stimulation induces glucagon release. Such sympathetic activation may be interpreted as capable of shifting the sensitivity of the A cell to glucose in the direction of higher glycemia for a given glucagon output. The experimental model employed is valid for further studies of regulatory mechanisms of endocrine pancreatic function in vivo.


Study of the pedigree of a patient with type 3 hyperlipoproteinaemia and sinking prebeta lipoprotein. A 49-year-old woman, suffering from peripheral vascular disease, was found to have two lipoprotein abnormalities, namely, type III hyperlipoproteinaemia and sinking prebeta lipoprotein. Twenty-one members of the kindred were investigated in an attempt to determine the pattern of inheritance of both of these abnormalities. In a 21-year-old son of the proband plasma electrophoresis was in keeping with a type V hyperlipoproteinaemia. It is suggested that this may be a stage in the development of the characteristic type III pattern. If this is so it is consistent with previous suggestions of an incompletely penetrant single autosomal allele. Sinking prebeta lipoprotein was found in the plasma of two other members of the family. If this abnormality is also inherited as a single autosomal allele it must have a very low penetrance and the possibility that the abnormality is acquired cannot be excluded.


Specific biologic effects of intestinal glucagon-like materials. It has been demonstrated that gastrointestinal extracts contain substances which react immunologically with antibodies prepared to pancreatic glucagon. These extracts have been termed intestinal GLI for glucagon-like immunoreactivity, or enteroglucagon. To determine whether GLI has specific biological effects, studies were designed using the criterion of effect with antiglucagon antibodies. These antibodies did not cross-react with either secretin or pancreozymin. Rat intestinal extracts were prepared and filtered on Sephadex G-50 columns eluted in 0.02 M ammonium carbonate buffer pH 8.8. Two peaks of GLI (I, II) were consistently found, and the in vitro effects of these peaks on two biological systems were tested: (a) immunoreactive insulin (IRI) release by rat pancreas pieces, and (b) free fatty acid (FFA) release and 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels in adipose tissue. Both GLI peaks increased IRI release in the absence of glucose and also enhanced the glucose effects. Antiglucagon antibody suppressed only peak II GLI activity. Both peaks increased FFA release and cAMP levels in adipose tissue. Only peak II GLI activity was suppressed by antibody. These findings support a specific IRI-releasing and lipolytic action for Peak II GLI. Hypotheses are presented concerning the structure and possible physiologic role of peak II GLI.


Simple economical anaerobiosis.

Simple economical anaerobiosis.


Inhibition of replication of lactic dehydrogenase virus by actinomycin. Lactic dehydrogenase virus replicated rapidly in monolayers of primary mouse embryo cells and reached a titer of 10(8) mean infective dose per ml within 18 h after infection. Despite the high virus yield, cytopathology was not observed. Examination of the tissue culture media failed to reveal any evidence of interferon, but the virus was found to be as sensitive to mouse interferon as vesicular stomatitis virus. Incubation of mouse embryo cells with actinomycin D markedly inhibited viral replication, whereas cytosine-beta-d-arabinofuranoside and 5-fluorodeoxyuridine had no effect on replication. These findings indicate that new DNA synthesis is not required but suggest that the intact function of cellular DNA may be required for lactic dehydrogenase virus replication.


Initiation and direction of RNA transcription by vesicular stomatitis virus virion transcriptase. The initiation of RNA transcription by the virion-bound RNA transcriptase of vesicular stomatitis virus has been examined. Multiple initiation sequences have been observed, two of which have been characterized (pppApCpGp... and pppGpCp...) suggestive of a transcription process which can start at different sites along the template RNA. By the use of sequential labeling techniques and exonucleases, it has been determined that there is a 5' to 3' direction of product RNA synthesis.


Surface antigens on cat leukemic cells induced by feline leukemia virus: area density and antibody-binding affinity. The binding of autologous bovine antibody to feline leukemia virus-induced cell surface antigens (FeCSA) on cat leukemia cells was studied by performing certain titration procedures with a mixture of immune and normal sera labeled with different iodine radioisotopes (paired-label technique). By using plots of titration data which conformed to linear equations derived from the mass action law, we determined the following constants. (i) The density of FeCSA was 2.03 x 10(6) sites per cell, or 5,230 sites per mum(2). (ii) The equilibrium constant of the FeCSA-antibody reaction was 2.67 x 10(7), from which the antibody binding affinity or standard free energy of the FeCSA-antibody bond was determined to be - 10.48 kcal (-43,869.28 J) per mol. The use of the techniques described to measure the concentration of antibody in antiserum, in micrograms per milliliter, is discussed.


Analysis of simian virus 40 DNA with the restriction enzyme of Haemophilus aegyptius, endonuclease Z. Limited digestion of simian virus 40 (SV40) DNA from both small- and large- plaque strains with the restriction endonuclease Z from Haemophilus aegyptius yielded 10 specific fragments. The number of nucleotide pairs for each fragment, determined by co-electrophoresis with phiX174 RF fragments produced by endonuclease Z, ranges from 2,050 to 80. The difference in the pattern between the large- and small-plaque strains is the disappearance of one fragment containing approximately 255 nucleotide pairs and the appearance of a new fragment with 145 nucleotide pairs. This finding can be explained either by deletions or insertions totaling 110 nucleotide pairs. Complementary RNA synthesized in vitro from the adeno-SV40 hybrid virus, strain ND-1, hybridized preferentially to four of the fragments of SV40 DNA.


Identification of the vesicular stomatitis virus large protein as a unique viral protein. Previous studies have noted the existence of a 190,000-dalton vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) protein called the large (L) protein. To determine whether this protein is a nonspecific aggregate, a precursor to the other VSV proteins, or a unique viral protein, its synthesis relative to the other VSV proteins was studied under conditions of inhibition of initiation of protein synthesis. Also, its tryptic peptides were compared to those of the other VSV proteins. In both cases the results were consistent with the identification of the large protein as a unique viral protein.