[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this nodejs incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Ive read documentation from several pages on SO of this issue, but i havent been able to fix my issue with this particular error.
` throw new Error('SASL: SCRAM-SERVER-FIRST-MESSAGE: client password must be a string')
Error: SASL: SCRAM-SERVER-FIRST-MESSAGE: client password must be a string
 at Object.continueSession (C:\Users\CNFis\Desktop\WulfDevelopments\ThePantry\node_modules\pg\lib\sasl.js:24:11)
 at Client._handleAuthSASLContinue (C:\Users\CNFis\Desktop\WulfDevelopments\ThePantry\node_modules\pg\lib\client.js:257:10)
 at Connection.emit (events.js:400:28)
 at C:\Users\CNFis\Desktop\WulfDevelopments\ThePantry\node_modules\pg\lib\connection.js:114:12
 at Parser.parse (C:\Users\CNFis\Desktop\WulfDevelopments\ThePantry\node_modules\pg-protocol\dist\parser.js:40:17)
 at Socket. (C:\Users\CNFis\Desktop\WulfDevelopments\ThePantry\node_modules\pg-protocol\dist\index.js:11:42)
 at Socket.emit (events.js:400:28)
 at addChunk (internal/streams/readable.js:290:12)
 at readableAddChunk (internal/streams/readable.js:265:9)
 at Socket.Readable.push (internal/streams/readable.js:204:10)
`
```
its as if in my `connectDB()` function its not recognizing the password to the database. I am trying to run a `seeder.js` script to seed the database with useful information for testing purposes, and if i run `npm run server` which is a script that just starts a nodemon server, itll connect to the DB just fine. but when i try to run my script to seed data, i am returning this error.

`import { Seq
```

[Assistant]
So, i may have figured this out by playing around in another project with sequelize, as it turns out, the initial connection to the database in my `server.js` file, honestly means nothing. Unlike `Mongoose` where the connection is available across the whole app. its not the same for `Sequelize` this connection that it creates is only apparent in certain places, for example i was trying the same process in my other project as i am here, except i was trying to read data from my DB using the `model` that i built with `sequelize` and i was receiving the same type error, i went into where i defined the model and made a `sequelize` connection there, and i was then able to read from the database using that object model.
Long story short, to fix the error in this app i have to place a connection to the database in the `seeder.js` file or i have to place a connection in the `User` model (this is ideal since ill be using the model in various places) to be able to seed information or read information from the database.


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this kubernetes incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
I tried using 'helm upgrade --install --force ....' as suggested in helm3 upgrade documentation but it fails with below error in Jenkins log

"Error: UPGRADE FAILED: failed to replace object: Service "dbservice" is invalid: spec.clusterIP: Invalid value: "": field is immutable"

Approach 2 : using --recreate-pods from earlier helm version
With 'helm upgrade --install --recreate-pods ....', I am getting below warning in Jenkins log

"Flag --recreate-pods has been deprecated, functionality will no longer be updated. Consult the documentation for other methods to recreate pods"

However, the pod gets recreated. But as we know --recreate-pods is not soft-restart. Thus we would have downtime, which breaks the microservice principle.
helm version used
version.BuildInfo{Version:"v3.4.0", GitCommit:"7090a89efc8a18f3d8178bf47d2462450349a004", GitTreeState:"clean", GoVersion:"go1.14.10"}
question

How to use --force with helm 3 with helm upgrade for above error ?
How to achieve soft-restart with deprecated --recreate-pods ?
```

[Assistant]
Below is how I configured it - Thanks to @vasili-angapov for redirecting to correct documentation section.
In `deployment.yaml`, I added annotations and rollme
```
`kind: Deployment
spec:
 template:
 metadata:
 annotations:
 rollme: {{ randAlphaNum 5 | quote }}

`
```
As per documentation, each invocation of the template function `randAlphaNum` will generate a unique random string. Thus random string always changes and causes the deployment to roll.
The other way described in the document is with respect to a changing SHA value for a file.
In the past helm recommended using the --recreate-pods flag as another option. This flag has been marked as `deprecated in Helm 3` in favor of the more declarative method above.


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this postgresql incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
How to return a boolean after inserting within a postgres function?

I have a table named `member`. I want to create a function that inserts a new email if it doesn't exist in the table, and then return a boolean.
```
`CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION
 add_member(member_email TEXT)
RETURNS BOOLEAN AS
 $$
 BEGIN
 IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT email FROM "community".member WHERE email = $1) THEN
 INSERT INTO "community".member (email) VALUES ($1) RETURNING TRUE;
 ELSE
 RETURN FALSE;
 END IF;
 END;
 $$
LANGUAGE PLPGSQL;

SELECT add_member('cheese.head@green.org');
`
```
I get this error `ERROR: query has no destination for result data`.
Is the `INSERT` not returning the expected data? Or wrapping it in another data type? Is this how you use the `INSERT` with the returning?
```

[Assistant]
Using `INSERT ... RETURNING ... INTO` from here:
https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/plpgsql-statements.html#PLPGSQL-STATEMENTS-SQL-ONEROW
```
`CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION
 add_member(member_email TEXT)
RETURNS BOOLEAN AS
 $$
 DECLARE
 return_val BOOLEAN := FALSE;
 BEGIN
 IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT email FROM "community".member WHERE email = $1) THEN
 INSERT INTO "community".member (email) VALUES ($1) RETURNING TRUE INTO return_val;

 END IF;
 RETURN return_val;
 END;
 $$
LANGUAGE PLPGSQL;
`
```
`DECLARE` the `return_val` variable as `boolean` and with default value of `FALSE`. Then do test for existing value and if present do `INSERT` and update the `return_val` variable with the `TRUE` returning value from the insert. Then `RETURN return_val` which will be `FALSE` if an existing `member_email` is found and `TRUE` if one is not found.


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this terraform incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
aws_dynamodb_table fails validation with 'all indexes must match a defined attribute. Unmatched indexes: [""]' error
After upgrading `aws` provider from from v6.28.0 to v6.30.0, `terraform plan` fails and throws valdiation error
### Relevant Error/Panic Output
│ Error: all indexes must match a defined attribute. Unmatched indexes: [""]
│
│ with module.dynamodb-something.aws_dynamodb_table.default[0],
│ on ../../modules/dynamodb-autoscaling/main.tf line 20, in resource "aws_dynamodb_table" "default":
│ 20: resource "aws_dynamodb_table" "default" {

```

### Sample Terraform Configuration

<details open>
<summary>Click to expand configuration</summary>

```hcl
resource "aws_dynamodb_table" "default" {
 count = 1
 name = "something"
 hash_key = "tags"
 range_key = "test_date"
 stream_enabled = false
 stream_view_type = null
 billing_mode = "PROVISIONED"
 read_capacity = 20
 write_capacity = 20

 deletion_protection_enabled = true

 server_side_encryption {
 enabled = true
 }

 point_in_time_recovery {
 enabled = true
 }

 lifecycle {
 ignore_changes = [
 global_secondary_index,
 read_capacity,
 write_capacity,
 ]
 }

 attribute {
 name = "tags"
 type = "S"
 }

 attribute {
 name = "test_date"
 type = "N"
 }
}
```
</details>

### Steps to Reproduce

1. run terraform plan

### Debug Logging

_No response_

### GenAI / LLM Assisted Development

_No response_

### Important Facts and References

Likely this was caused by ether https://github.com/hashicorp/terraform-provider-aws/pul
```

[Assistant]
### Community Guidelines

This comment is added to every new Issue to provide quick reference to how the Terraform AWS Provider is maintained. Please review the information below, and thank you for contributing to the community that keeps the provider thriving! :rocket:

#### Voting for Prioritization

* Please vote on this Issue by adding a :+1: [reaction](https://blog.github.com/2016-03-10-add-reactions-to-pull-requests-issues-and-comments/) to the original post to help the community and maintainers prioritize it.
* Please see our [prioritization guide](https://hashicorp.github.io/terraform-provider-aws/prioritization/) for additional information on how the maintainers handle prioritization.
* Please **do not** leave +1 or other comments that do not add relevant new information or questions; they generate extra noise for others following the Issue and do not help prioritize the request.

### Volunteering to Work on This Issue

* If you are interested in working on this issue, please leave a comment.
* If this would be your first contribution, please review the [contribution guide](https://hashicorp.github.io/terraform-provider-aws/).
* For new resources and data sources, use [skaff](https://hashicorp.github.io/terraform-provider-aws/skaff/) to generate scaffolding with comments detailing common expectations.

---

> [!WARNING]
> This Issue has been closed, meaning that any additional comments are much easier for the maintainers to miss. Please assume that the maintainers will not see them.
>
> Ongoing conversations amongst community members are welcome, however, the issue will be locked after 30 days. Moving conversations to another venue, such as the [AWS Provider forum](https://discuss.hashicorp.com/c/terraform-providers/tf-aws/33), is recommended. If you have additional concerns, please open a new issue, referencing this one where needed.


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this azure incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Portal Fails to Show Function Invocation results
Ideally, you should be able to see if a function has executed and if not, why it failed. This information should be easy to find and require a small amount of clicking around in the UI to find an error message. Azure Function users spend too much time futzing around in the UI which takes time away from working on their application. See [here](https://github.com/Azure/azure-functions-python-worker/issues/1262#issuecomment-2119241515) for an example.

Invocations output:

![Image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/1d7a7e79-cc54-4c2f-999f-9649044f81e7)
If I have this output, I can click on functions, success or not, and see the logs for that function. This is Ideal.

### Actual Behavior

In a similar deployment:

![Image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/6b46479a-cfcd-4c6d-89fb-39d5f65f5255)
I am seeing in the logs that the function has failed to execute. Probably something with my code, or configuration. If only I could find out what.

![Image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/9888dec4-7568-4467-84d2-2c937e190196)
The function says that it did not invocate at all. No error and no success. So I can't see the error to know what happened.

Says all of my functions are `enabled`. So that's good.

![Image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/348a8636-f8ab-47e4-bbac-1ea1e017bbda)

Also looks like the functions are running in _healthy_ status.

![Image](https://github.com/user-attachments/asse
```

[Assistant]
That's great. Can you show how you were able to get this stack trace?

More than solving this bug (which we always knew was an issue with my code), I want to be able to solve the issue myself. I'll probably have more issues in the future.

This application relies on EventHubs and Function triggers to work. So I have a staging function environment so that I can see them working before moving into production. Because of the eventhub route, I can't rely on local machine testing. I need to be able to see the error in Azure.

on these two:
* Were you able to check the App Insights logs for this app?
* Also, is the invocation tab still showing 0 executions total?

I'll answer them separately when I get home. The info is good intel for other who might have similar issues.


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this mongodb incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
then I have face this error
`MongooseError: Operation `orders.deleteMany()` buffering timed out after 10000ms
`
```

seeder.js

```
` import mongoose from "mongoose";
 import dotenv from "dotenv";
 import colors from "colors";
 import users from "./data/users.js";
 import products from "./data/products.js";
 import User from "./models/userModel.js";
 import Product from "./models/productModel.js";
 import Order from "./models/orderModel.js";
 import connectDB from "./config/db.js";

 dotenv.config();
 connectDB();

 const importData = async () => {
 try {
 await Order.deleteMany();
 await Product.deleteMany();
 await User.deleteMany();

 const createUsers = await User.insertMany(users);
 const adminUser = createUsers[0]._id;
 const sampleProducts = products.map((product) => {
 return { ...product, user: adminUser };
 });
 await Product.insertMany(sampleProducts);

 console.log("Data Imported".green.inverse);
 process.exit();
 } catch (error) {
 console.error(`${error}`.red.inverse);
 process.exit(1);
 }
 };

 const DeleteData = async () => {
 try {
 await Order.deleteMany();
 await Product.deleteMany();
 await User.deleteMany();

 console.log("Data Deleted".red.inverse);
 process.exit();
 } catch (error) {
 console.error(`${error}`.red.inverse);
 process.exit(1);
 }
 };

 if (process.argv[2] === "-d") {
 DeleteData();
 } else {
 importData();
 }
`
```
```

[Assistant]
I have the same issue and I just did a research and I find that your MongoDB are trying to execute the function `User.deleteMany()` before the database is connected.
just put an await before `connectDB()`;
```
`await connectDB();
`
```


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this nginx incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
ERROR {org.wso2.carbon.identity.application.authentication.framework.handler.request.impl.DefaultRequestCoordinator} - Exception in Authentication Framework org.ws$wso2.carbon.identity.application.authentication.framework.exception.FrameworkException: Session nonce cookie value is not matching for session with sessionDataKey: bf74d0ec-05ef-4682- ...
```

[Assistant]
This is due to a feature called Session Nonce Cookie Validation which is enabled by default.
I was able to reproduce this scenario and was able to solve this situation while keeping the session nonce cookie validation enabled. The following steps were followed.

Exposed the `/commonauth`, `/authenticationendpoint`, `/logincontext` endpoints through nginx in addition to the `/oauth2` endpoint.
Added the following to the `deployment.toml`

```
`[authentication.endpoints]
login_url="https:///authenticationendpoint/login.do"
retry_url="https:///authenticationendpoint/retry.do"
`
```
Without the above steps, you can disable this feature also for your scenario to work. This feature can be disabled by adding the following to the `deployment.toml` file.
```
`[session.nonce.cookie]
enabled="false"
`
```


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this mongodb incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
NodeJS TypeScript - Mongoose index.d.ts throwing errors
Hello so I do not know what is the problem here so when I run my NodeJS server mongoose `index.d.ts` throws more than one error which I do not know of I tried ignoring the node_modules from tsconfig but it seems like I am not winning
Error Received: I am giving pastebin link cause trace back was long and I did not want to cut potential error: pastebin link having all error message
Error Header
`node_modules/@types/mongoose/index.d.ts:79:1 - error TS6200: Definitions of the following identifiers conflict with those in another file: DocumentDefinition, FilterQuery, UpdateQuery, NativeError, Mongoose, SchemaTypes, STATES, connection, connections, models, mongo, version, CastError, ConnectionOptions, Collection, Connection, disconnected, connected, connecting, disconnecting, uninitialized, Error, QueryCursor, VirtualType, Schema, SchemaTypeOpts, Subdocument, Array, DocumentArray, Buffer, ObjectId, ObjectIdConstructor, Decimal128, Map, mquery, Aggregate, SchemaType, Promise, PromiseProvider, Model, Document, ModelUpdateOptions
`
My tsonfig
`{
 "compilerOptions": {
 "module": "commonjs",
 "esModuleInterop": true,
 "allowSyntheticDefaultImports": true,
 "target": "es6",
 "noImplicitAny": true,
 "moduleResolution": "node",
 "sourceMap": true,
 "outDir": "dist",
 "baseUrl": ".",
 "paths": {
 "*": [
 "node_modules/*",
 "src/types/*"
 ]
 }
 },
 "include": [
 "src/server.ts"
 ],
 "exclude": [
 "./node_modules/"
 ]
}
`
My base server
```

[Assistant]
I solved the same problem by adding `skipLibCheck: true` option below to `compilerOptions`.

tsconfig

`{
 "compilerOptions": {
 "module": "commonjs",
 "esModuleInterop": true,
 "allowSyntheticDefaultImports": true,
 "target": "es6",
 "noImplicitAny": true,
 "skipLibCheck": true,
 "moduleResolution": "node",
 "sourceMap": true,
 "outDir": "dist",
 "baseUrl": ".",
 "paths": {
 "*": [
 "node_modules/*",
 "src/types/*"
 ]
 }
 },
 "include": [
 "src/server.ts"
 ],
 "exclude": [
 "./node_modules/"
 ]
}
`


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this postgresql incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Get fatal error: server could not be contacted when running pgAdmin4. 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'value'

I have a fresh install of windows where I am trying to install Postgres and pgAdmin4.
I did a fresh install of everything (pgAdmin 4, postrgres 13, etc.) with default settings. When I run pgAdmin 4 I get a "fatal error: server could not be contacted" with the following message:
```
`pgAdmin Runtime Environment
--------------------------------------------------------
Python Path: "C:\Program Files\PostgreSQL\13\pgAdmin 4\python\python.exe"
Runtime Config File: "C:\Users\username\AppData\Roaming\pgadmin\runtime_config.json"
pgAdmin Config File: "C:\Program Files\PostgreSQL\13\pgAdmin 4\web\config.py"
Webapp Path: "C:\Program Files\PostgreSQL\13\pgAdmin 4\web\pgAdmin4.py"
pgAdmin Command: "C:\Program Files\PostgreSQL\13\pgAdmin 4\python\python.exe -s C:\Program Files\PostgreSQL\13\pgAdmin 4\web\pgAdmin4.py"
Environment:
 - ALLUSERSPROFILE: C:\ProgramData
 - APPDATA: C:\Users\username\AppData\Roaming
 - CHROME_CRASHPAD_PIPE_NAME: \\.\pipe\crashpad_4296_YJZESWNMDVNGRRUO
 - CHROME_RESTART: NW.js|Whoa! NW.js has crashed. Relaunch now?|LEFT_TO_RIGHT
 - CommonProgramFiles: C:\Program Files\Common Files
 - CommonProgramFiles(x86): C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files
 - CommonProgramW6432: C:\Program Files\Common Files
 - COMPUTERNAME: pcname
 - ComSpec: C:\Windows\system32\cmd.exe
 - configsetroot: C:\Windows\ConfigSetRoot
 - DriverData: C:\Windows\System32
```

[Assistant] As Delsx pointed out in the comments, the standalone pgAdmin can be installed without the same issues from pgadmin.org/download. It appears this is a widespread bug that has been reported on the pgAdmin bug list, here and here


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this nginx incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Kubernetes Nginx ingress - failed to ensure load balancer: could not find any suitable subnets for creating the ELB

I would like to deploy a minimal k8s cluster on AWS with Terraform and install a Nginx Ingress Controller with Helm.
The terraform code:
```
`provider "aws" {
 region = "us-east-1"
}

data "aws_eks_cluster" "cluster" {
 name = module.eks.cluster_id
}

data "aws_eks_cluster_auth" "cluster" {
 name = module.eks.cluster_id
}

variable "cluster_name" {
 default = "my-cluster"
}

variable "instance_type" {
 default = "t2.large"
}

provider "kubernetes" {
 host = data.aws_eks_cluster.cluster.endpoint
 cluster_ca_certificate = base64decode(data.aws_eks_cluster.cluster.certificate_authority.0.data)
 token = data.aws_eks_cluster_auth.cluster.token
 load_config_file = false
 version = "~> 1.11"
}

data "aws_availability_zones" "available" {
}

module "vpc" {
 source = "terraform-aws-modules/vpc/aws"
 version = "3.0.0"

 name = "k8s-${var.cluster_name}-vpc"
 cidr = "172.16.0.0/16"
 azs = data.aws_availability_zones.available.names
 private_subnets = ["172.16.1.0/24", "172.16.2.0/24", "172.16.3.0/24"]
 public_subnets = ["172.16.4.0/24", "172.16.5.0/24", "172.16.6.0/24"]
 enable_nat_gateway = true
 single_nat_gateway = true
 enable_dns_hostnames = true

 public_subnet_tags = {
 "kubernetes.io/cluster/${var.cluster_name}" = "shared"
 "kubernetes.io/role/elb" = "1"
 }

 private_subnet_tags = {
 "kubernetes.io/cluster/${var.cluster_name}" = "shared"
 "kubernetes.io/role/intern
```

[Assistant]
In the `eks` modules you are prefixing the cluster name with `eks-`:
```
`cluster_name = "eks-${var.cluster_name}"
`
```
However you do not use the prefix in your subnet tags:
```
`"kubernetes.io/cluster/${var.cluster_name}" = "shared"
`
```
Drop the prefix from `cluster_name` and add it to the cluster name variable (assuming you want the prefix at all). Alternatively, you could add the prefix to your tags to fix the issue, but that approach makes it easier to introduce inconsistencies.


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this nodejs incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
This is an error in the console I am having while running this command:
npm install -D sass-loader node-sass
```
`npm ERR! code ERESOLVE
npm ERR! ERESOLVE unable to resolve dependency tree
npm ERR!
npm ERR! Found: webpack@3.12.0
npm ERR! node_modules/webpack
npm ERR! peer webpack@"2 || 3 || 4" from babel-loader@7.1.5
npm ERR! node_modules/babel-loader
npm ERR! dev babel-loader@"^7.1.1" from the root project
npm ERR! peer webpack@"^3.1.0" from extract-text-webpack-plugin@3.0.2
npm ERR! node_modules/extract-text-webpack-plugin
npm ERR! dev extract-text-webpack-plugin@"^3.0.0" from the root project
npm ERR! 8 more (file-loader, friendly-errors-webpack-plugin, ...)
npm ERR!
npm ERR! Could not resolve dependency:
npm ERR! dev sass-loader@"*" from the root project
npm ERR!
npm ERR! Conflicting peer dependency: webpack@5.18.0
npm ERR! node_modules/webpack
npm ERR! peer webpack@"^4.36.0 || ^5.0.0" from sass-loader@10.1.1
npm ERR! node_modules/sass-loader
npm ERR!
npm ERR! Fix the upstream dependency conflict, or retry
npm ERR! this command with --force, or --legacy-peer-deps
npm ERR! to accept an incorrect (and potentially broken) dependency resolution.
npm ERR!
npm ERR! See C:\Users\marko\AppData\Local\npm-cache\eresolve-report.txt for a full report.

npm ERR! A complete log of this run can be found in:
npm ERR! C:\Users\marko\AppData\Local\npm-cache\_logs\2021-01-28T16_11_07_342Z-debug.log
`
```
```

[Assistant]
I had the same problem today. Try installing sass-loader v10.0.5 instead:
```
`npm install -D sass-loader@10.0.5 node-sass
`
```


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this azure incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
and produces error message:

```text
ERROR: No such key 'clusters' in existing config, please confirm whether it is a valid config file. May back up this config file, delete it and retry the command.
```

Other tools in the Kubernetes ecosystem do not behave like this when parsing the kube config file. This is specifically a problem in CI pipelines for example together with [`kind`](https://kind.sigs.k8s.io/). See reproduction below.

**To Reproduce**

1. `rm -r -f ~/.kube/config` (This removes local kube config and thereby simulates that we start out fresh, just like a CI pipeline would do.)
1. `kind create cluster`
1. `kind delete cluster`
1. `az aks get-credentials .....` results in error:

```text
ERROR: No such key 'clusters' in existing config, please confirm whether it is a valid config file.
May back up this config file, delete it and retry the command.
```

**Expected behavior**

That `az aks get-credentials .....` would parse the kube config file _similarly_ to other tools in the Kubernetes ecosystem, in particular those from the Kubernetes project itself (cough: kind).

**Current workaround**

In a CI pipeline you'll need to completely remove the kube config file (`rm -r -f ~/.kube/config`) after having used `kind` (or any other tool which may manipulate the kube config file). This will make the `az aks get-credentials` command work.
```

[Assistant]
I got this error when I had an almost empty `~/.kube/config` file (I assume `kind` created it) when I tried to run `az aks get-credentials --resource-group myResourceGroup --name myAKSCluster`. Deleting the file and rerunning the `az` command solved it.

---

I've found this: https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/config-api/kubeconfig.v1/

This indicates that the `clusters` property is indeed mandatory. So having a kubeconfig file without it would constitute an invalid kubeconfig file. If this is correctly understood it means that it is [Kind](https://kind.sigs.k8s.io/) which is doing something wrong and the problem should probably be reported in the [their issue tracker](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kind/issues).

---

For anyone in need. Here's a workaround that works with yq v4.44.3:
```bash
yq eval '.clusters = .clusters // [] | .users = .users // [] | .contexts = .contexts // []' -i ~/.kube/config
```


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this nginx incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Details of my setup are below. Is there an obvious error here -- is the Google documentation incorrect and this is only possible using nginx ingress?
```
`-- Ingress
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
 name: app-ingress
 annotations:
 kubernetes.io/ingress.global-static-ip-name: app-static-ip
 networking.gke.io/managed-certificates: app-managed-cert
spec:
 rules:
 - http:
 paths:
 - path: /
 pathType: Prefix
 backend:
 service:
 name: api-service
 port:
 number: 80
 - path: /v2
 pathType: Prefix
 backend:
 service:
 name: api-2-service
 port:
 number: 8080

-- Service 1
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
 name: api-service
 labels:
 app: api
spec:
 type: NodePort
 selector:
 app: api
 ports:
 - port: 80
 targetPort: 5000

-- Service 2
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
 name: api-2-service
 labels:
 app: api-2
spec:
 type: NodePort
 selector:
 app: api-2
 ports:
 - port: 8080
 targetPort: 5000
`
```
```

[Assistant]
GCP Ingress supports multiple paths. This is also well described in Setting up HTTP(S) Load Balancing with Ingress. For my test I've used both Hello-world v1 and v2.
There are 3 possible issues.

Issue is with container ports opened. You can check it using netstat:

```
`$ kk exec -ti first-55bb869fb8-76nvq -c container -- bin/sh
/ # netstat -plnt
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 :::8080 :::* LISTEN 1/hello-app
`
```

Issue might be also caused by the `Firewall` configuration. Make sure you have proper settings. (In general, in the new cluster I didn't need to add anything but if you have more stuff and have specific Firewall configurations it might block).

Misconfiguration between `port`, `containerPort` and `targetPort`.

Below my example:
1st deployment with
```
`apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
 name: first
 labels:
 app: api
spec:
 selector:
 matchLabels:
 app: api
 template:
 metadata:
 labels:
 app: api
 spec:
 containers:
 - name: container
 image: gcr.io/google-samples/hello-app:1.0
 ports:
 - containerPort: 8080
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
 name: api-service
 labels:
 app: api
spec:
 type: NodePort
 selector:
 app: api
 ports:
 - port: 5000
 targetPort: 8080
`
```
2nd deployment
```
`apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
 name: second
 labels:
 app: api-2
spec:
 selector:
 matchLabels:
 app: api-2
 template:
 metadata:
 labels:
 app: api-2
 spec:
 containers:
 - name: container
 image: gcr.io/google-samples/hello-app:2.0
 ports:
 - containerPort: 8080
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
 name: api-2-service
 labels:
 app: api-2
spec:
 type: NodePort
 selector:
 app: api-2
 ports:
 - port: 6000
 targetPort: 8080
`
```
Ingress
```
`apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
 name: app-ingress
spec:
 rules:
 - http:
 paths:
 - path: /
 pathType: Prefix
 backend:
 service:
 name: api-service
 port:
 number: 5000
 - path: /v2
 pathType: Prefix
 backend:
 service:
 name: api-2-service
 port:
 number: 6000
`
```
Outputs:
```
`$ curl 35.190.XX.249
Hello, world!
Version: 1.0.0
Hostname: first-55bb869fb8-76nvq
$ curl 35.190.XX.249/v2
Hello, world!
Version: 2.0.0
Hostname: second-d7d87c6d8-zv9jr
`
```
Please keep in mind that you can also use `Nginx Ingress` on GKE by adding specific annotation.
```
`kubernetes.io/ingress.class: "nginx"
`
```
Main reason why people use `nginx ingress` on `GKE` is using `rewrite` annotation and possibility to use `ClusterIP` or `NodePort` as serviceType, where `GCP ingress` allows only `NodePort` serviceType.
Additional information you can find in GKE Ingress for HTTP(S) Load Balancing


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this gcp incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Gcloud and Kubectl see me logged in as two different users

Mac here, in case it makes a difference. I am on 2 separate GCP/gcloud/GKE/Kubernetes projects and have two different gmails for each of them:

Project 1: flim-flam, where my email is myuser1@gmail.example.com (pretend its a gmail)
Project 2: foo-bar, where my email is myuser2@gmail.example.com

I log into my `myuser1@gmail.example.com` account via `gcloud auth login` and confirm I am logged in as that account. For instance, I go to the GCP console and verify (in the UI) that I am in fact logged in as `myuser1@gmail.example.com`. Furthermore, when I run `gcloud config configurations list` I get:
```
`NAME IS_ACTIVE ACCOUNT PROJECT COMPUTE_DEFAULT_ZONE COMPUTE_DEFAULT_REGION
flim-flam True myuser1@gmail.example.com flim-flam
foo-bar False myuser2@gmail.example.com foo-bar
`
```
From my `flim-flam` project, when I run `kubectl delete ns flimflam-app` I get permission errors:
```
`Error from server (Forbidden): namespace "flimflam-app" is forbidden: User "myuser2@gmail.example.com" cannot delete resource "namespaces" in API group "" in the namespace "flimflam-app": requires one of ["container.namespaces.delete"] permission(s).
`
```
So gcloud thinks I'm logged in as `myuser1` but kubectl thinks I'm logged in as `myuser2`. How do I fix this?
```

[Assistant]
`gcloud` and `kubectl` share user identities but their configuration is in different files.
Using `gcloud auth login` does not update (!) existing (!) `kubectl` configurations. The former (on Linux) are stored in `${HOME}/.config/gcloud` and the latter in `${HOME}/.kube/config`.
I don't have a copy on hand but, if you check `${HOME}/.kube/config`, it likely references the other Google account. You can either duplicate the `users` entry and reference it from the `context`. Or you could edit the existing `users` entry.
Actually, better yet use `gcloud container clusters get-credentials` to update `kubectl`'s configuration with the currently-active `gcloud` user. This command updates `${HOME}/.kube/config` for you.


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this docker incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
☺�container 061ae4ad9ec878e7a259e45aa1d7b4bd0dc56468b05497fa18cd71dd5f1c0cbe encountered an error during hcs::System::CreateProcess: failure in a Windows system call: The system cannot find the file specified. (0x2)
```
Then when trying to restart it is locked:
```
> docker compose watch --no-up
cannot take exclusive lock for project "kermit": process with PID 20836 is still running
```

Killing the 20836 process still errors out the same.

### Steps To Reproduce

It seem to be reproducable

```
watching [C:\t\docker\deploy\platform]
Syncing cm after changes were detected:
 - C:\t\docker\deploy\platform\images.jpg
☻Rtar: Removing leading drive letter from member names
x inetpub/wwwroot/images.jpg☻☻
Syncing cm after changes were detected:
 - C:\t\docker\deploy\platform\images.jpg
☺�container 7b26f6516e4c0ed000d0d71b1f01250411af2ddab0b17cd3f7f3b391a4ee97a0 encountered an error during hcs::System::CreateProcess: failure in a Windows system call: The system cannot find the file specified. (0x2)
```

### Compose Version

```Text
Docker Compose version v2.22.0
```

### Docker Environment

```Text
Client:
 Version: 24.0.6
 Context: default
 Debug Mode: false
 Plugins:
 buildx: Docker Buildx (Docker Inc.)
 Version: v0.10.3
 Path: C:\Users\Administrator\.docker\cli-plugins\docker-buildx.exe
 compose: Docker Compose (Docker Inc.)
 Version: v2.22.0
 Path: C:\ProgramData\Docker\cli-plugins\docker-compose.exe
 scout: Command line tool for Docker Scout (Docker Inc.)
 Version: 0.17.1
 Path:
```

[Assistant]
@pbering and @perosb a possible workaround so you don't have to restart your host can be found in issue #11069:

https://github.com/docker/compose/issues/11069#issuecomment-1769694535

---

When the issue happens and I see that message, then there is no process with that PID.

---

> @pbering and @perosb a possible workaround so you don't have to restart your host can be found in issue #11069:
>
> [#11069 (comment)](https://github.com/docker/compose/issues/11069#issuecomment-1769694535)

Another workarround (Linux) is to stop containers before exiting watch.
`Ctrl+z` to suspend watch
`docker-compose down` to stop and remove containers
`fg` to bring watch process into foreground
`Ctrl+c` to exit watch


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this docker incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
error while removing network: <network> id has active endpoints

I am trying run docker compose down using jenkins job.
"sudo docker-compose down --remove-orphans"
I have used --remove-orphans command while using the docker-compose down.
Still it gives below error.
Removing network. abc
error while removing network: network id ************ has active endpoints
Failed command with status 1: sudo docker-compose down --remove-orphans
Below is my docker compose:
```
`version: "3.9"
services:
 abc:
 image:
 container_name: 'abc'
 hostname: abc
 ports:
 - "5****:5****"
 - "1****:1***"
 volumes:
 - ~/.docker-conf/
 networks:
 -

 container-app-1:
 image:
 container_name: 'container-app-1'
 hostname: 'container-app-1'
 depends_on:
 - abc
 ports:
 - "8085:8085"
 env_file: ./.env
 networks:
 -

networks:
 :
 driver: bridge
 name:
`
```
```

[Assistant]
To list your networks, run `docker network ls`. You should see your `` there. Then get the containers still attached to that network with (replacing your network name at the end of the command):
```
`docker network inspect \
 --format '{{range $cid,$v := .Containers}}{{printf "%s: %s\n" $cid $v.Name}}{{end}}' \
 ""
`
```
For the various returned container id's, you can check why they haven't stopped (inspecting the logs, making sure they are part of the compose project, etc), or manually stop them if they aren't needed anymore with (replacing the `` with your container id):
```
`docker container stop ""
`
```
Then you should be able to stop the compose project.


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this nodejs incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Turbopack Error: inner_of_uppers_lost_follower is not able to remove follower TaskId 17 (ProjectContainer::entrypoints) from TaskId 16 (EntrypointsOperation::new) as they don't exist as upper or follower edges

Turbopack version: `c0b086c6`
Next.js version: `0.0.0`

Error message:
```
inner_of_uppers_lost_follower is not able to remove follower TaskId 17 (ProjectContainer::entrypoints) from TaskId 16 (EntrypointsOperation::new) as they don't exist as upper or follower edges

Debug info:
- Execution of get_written_endpoint_with_issues_operation failed
- Execution of endpoint_write_to_disk_operation failed
- Execution of pick_endpoint failed
- Execution of entrypoints_without_collectibles_operation failed
- inner_of_uppers_lost_follower is not able to remove follower TaskId 17 (ProjectContainer::entrypoints) from TaskId 16 (EntrypointsOperation::new) as they don't exist as upper or follower edges
```
```

[Assistant]
This discussion appears to be a duplicate of #85369.

Please follow the discussion there: https://github.com/vercel/next.js/discussions/85369

---
*This comment was added automatically by discussion consolidation tool. If you believe this is in error, feel free to re-open the discussion.*


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this influxdb incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
inputs.statsd - Increasing number of UDP pending messages dropped

### Please direct all support questsions to slack or the forums. Thank you.

Opening up this ticket in response to discussing the issue on slack. The issue is that despite setting allowed pending messages to a very large number like 1.5M, we're still dropping UDP packages and unsure why. There was the suggestion that perhaps there were not enough parsers available to drain the channel before packets are dropped. It seems that once about 500k messages are received we start dropping packets.
<img width="1023" alt="image" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/2592630/204909912-1e645bf8-9b50-4462-a233-900049bf3da2.png">
```

[Assistant]
Could any sort of backpressure from flushing to influx cause issues with ingestion? I know at one time there was a bug with that, but I thought it was fixed and did not block each other.

---

Hi,

We faced this same problem where telegraf is unable to keep up fast enough with StatsD input. The system where it is running is only using ~25% of CPU and also 25% of system load.

After some research and profiling we found that the main reason preventing the input to fully use the available resources is due to huge mutex contention. I'll try to explain it:
 https://github.com/influxdata/telegraf/blob/master/plugins/inputs/statsd/statsd.go#L98 <- this mutex is used for multiple purposes (during each metric parsing and also for aggregating).

The only reason every metric parsing needs the lock is because the template engine in the `graphite.Parser` https://github.com/influxdata/telegraf/blob/master/plugins/inputs/statsd/statsd.go#L129 modifies itself when applying a template and since it's running multiple goroutines, without the lock you get data races.

The problem can be fixed with two approaches:

Creating a new `graphite.Parser` here https://github.com/influxdata/telegraf/blob/master/plugins/inputs/statsd/statsd.go#L798-L805 and removing the lock usage https://github.com/influxdata/telegraf/blob/master/plugins/inputs/statsd/statsd.go#L770-L771

OR

Moving the `graphite.Parser` from the struct to one in each parser goroutine stack (and passing it across the different functions in the call stack) and removing the lock usage https://github.com/influxdata/telegraf/blob/master/plugins/inputs/statsd/statsd.go#L770-L771

For the second approach this is what a profile comparison looks like:


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this postgresql incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Copying postgresql local to remote database (both with password) - ERROR: option "locale" not recognized

Working with Postgres 12 / Windows 10.
Trying to copy a remote database to localhost with the following command:
`pg_dump -C -h remotehost -p 5432 -U postgres remotedb | psql -h localhost -p 5432 -U postgres localdb`
CMD requests for password 2x.
`Password for user postgres: Password:`
I input localhost first, hit ENTER, then input remotehost and hit ENTER again.
This is the error I get in return:
```
`SET
SET
SET
SET
SET
 set_config
------------

(1 row)

SET
SET
SET
SET
ERROR: option "locale" not recognized
LINE 1: ...ting" WITH TEMPLATE = template0 ENCODING = 'UTF8' LOCALE = '...
 ^
ERROR: database "remotedb" does not exist
\connect: FATAL: database "remotedb" does not exist
pg_dump: error: could not write to output file: Broken pipe
`
```

How to solve 1st error 'option "locale" not recognized"?
Is the 2nd error related to how I input the passwords? How should I work when both databases request for passwords?
```

[Assistant]
You don't need to create the db manually.
You can do in a one-liner by using `sed` to replace `LOCALE` with `LC_COLLATE`:
Your command should look like this:
Note! This works only if you use script (plain-text) file format for backups
`pg_dump -C -h remotehost -p 5432 -U postgres remotedb | sed 's/LOCALE/LC_COLLATE/' | psql -h localhost -p 5432 -U postgres localdb
`
Explanation:
Script dumps are plain-text files containing the SQL commands required to reconstruct the database. When you add `-C` flag to `pg_dump` the dump file will contain the following statement:

Postgres 12 and older

`CREATE DATABASE yourdb WITH TEMPLATE = template0 ENCODING = 'UTF8' LC_COLLATE = 'en_US.UTF-8' LC_CTYPE = 'en_US.UTF-8';
`

Postgres 13

`CREATE DATABASE yourdb WITH TEMPLATE = template0 ENCODING = 'UTF8' LOCALE = 'en_US.UTF-8';
`
By using `sed` we substitute the `LOCALE` word with `LC_COLLATE` in the pg_dump stream so psql will be able to restore the db locally.
This works even if `LC_CTYPE = 'en_US.UTF-8'` is missing.


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this mongodb incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Also the reason why I mentioned MongoDB here is because I tried using `typeorm@0.2` where `@EntityRepository` is still supported but I receive an error when I tried to import it in the module stating `Repository not found` or something. Do note, if I chose `postgresql` as my database in TypeORM with the same changes above, I don't have this issue. Hence I went to check the latest only to find out it is already deprecated, I also didn't find any example in NestJS documentation.
```

[Assistant]
I think I found a solution to this which allows to call custom methods but also inherited ones. It seems that this "issue" is not too popular yet but there is definitely some chatter about it within the typeorm GitHub threads: https://github.com/typeorm/typeorm/issues/9013
The following solution uses MySQL as underlying database driver but I assume it will work for MongoDB as well.
team.repository.ts
```
`import {DataSource, Repository} from 'typeorm';
import {Injectable} from '@nestjs/common';
import {Team} from '@Domain/Team/Models/team.entity';

@Injectable()
export class TeamRepository extends Repository
{
 constructor(private dataSource: DataSource)
 {
 super(Team, dataSource.createEntityManager());
 }

 /**
 * Add a basic where clause to the query and return the first result.
 */
 async firstWhere(column: string, value: string | number, operator = '='): Promise
 {
 return await this.createQueryBuilder()
 .where(`Team.${column} ${operator} :value`, {value: value})
 .getOne();
 }
}

`
```
team.service.ts
```
`import {Injectable} from '@nestjs/common';
import {Team} from '@Domain/Team/Models/team.entity';
import {TeamRepository} from '@Domain/Team/Repositories/team.repository';

@Injectable()
export class TeamService
{
 constructor(
 private teamRepository: TeamRepository,
 )
 {
 }

 async create(): Promise
 {
 const team: Team = await this.teamRepository.firstWhere('id', 1);

 return this.teamRepository.save(team);
 }
}
`
```
team.module.ts
```
`import {Module} from '@nestjs/common';
import {TeamService} from '@Domain/Team/Services/team.service';
import {TypeOrmModule} from '@nestjs/typeorm';
import {Team} from '@Domain/Team/Models/team.entity';
import {TeamRepository} from '@Domain/Team/Repositories/team.repository';

@Module({
 imports: [TypeOrmModule.forFeature([Team])],
 exports: [TeamService],
 providers: [TeamService, TeamRepository],
 })
export class TeamModule
{
}
`
```


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this redis incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Keys in Redis cluster cannot be deleted (and have empty value)

We have a Redis cluster (3 master, 3 slave) and are seeing a large number of keys on one of the master nodes (and related slaves) which appear to be empty and cannot be deleted.
If I connect to the master node which has a large number of entries (as determined by DBSIZE), I can SCAN for and see the keys:
`--> redis-cli -h 192.168.100.81 -p 6381
192.168.100.81:6381> scan 0 match mykey-* count 10
1) "2359296"
2) 1) "mykey-1be333a7"
 2) "mykey-e85a9d31"
 3) "mykey-d9162eff"
 4) "mykey-41d12fd8"
 5) "mykey-a6e755d3"
 6) "mykey-c2aa1eaa"
 7) "mykey-c0597cac"
 8) "mykey-10e69376"
 9) "mykey-7263aef0"
 10) "mykey-7fa9de50"
`
However, if I try and GET the value of a key, it shows it has moved:
`192.168.100.81:6381> get mykey-1be333a7
(error) MOVED 8301 192.168.3.107:6380
`
If I connect to the node to which the key has moved, I am not able to GET or DEL the value:
`--> redis-cli -h 192.168.3.107 -p 6380
192.168.3.107:6380> get mykey-1be333a7
(nil)
192.168.3.107:6380> del mykey-1be333a7
(integer) 0
`
I am also unable to GET or DEL the value using the cluster (`-c`) flag for redis-cli:
`--> redis-cli -h 192.168.100.81 -p 6381 -c get mykey-1be333a7
(nil)
--> redis-cli -h 192.168.100.81 -p 6381 -c del mykey-1be333a7
(integer) 0
--> redis-cli -h 192.168.3.107 -p 6380 -c get mykey-1be333a7
(nil)
--> redis-cli -h 192.168.3.107 -p 6380 -c del mykey-1be333a7
(integer) 0
`
What can I do to remove these types of keys?
```

[Assistant]
Interesting question!
How to reproduce the problem
The following is a scenario that will reproduce your problem:
You create a standalone Redis instance, and set some data into it. However, one day, you configure this standalone Redis as a member of a Redis Cluster, without flushing the old data or moving the old data to the right node of the cluster. Let's call these data as dirty data.
In this scenario, you can SCAN all keys on this instance, including the dirty data. However, you cannot read or write these dirty data, since your Redis is in cluster mode, it will redirect your request to the right node, which doesn't have such data.
How to solve the problem
In order to remove these dirty data, you should reconfigure your Redis instance into standalone mode, i.e. cluster-enabled no, and delete dirty data in standalone mode.
Then you can make it join the cluster again.


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this postgresql incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Cannot update existing row on conflict in PostgreSQL with Psycopg2

I have the following function defined to insert several rows with iteration in Python using Psycopg2 and PostgreSQL 11.
When I receive the same obj (with same id), I want to update its date.
```
`def insert_execute_values_iterator(
 connection,
 objs: Iterator[Dict[str, Any]],
 page_size: int = 1000,
) -> None:
 with connection.cursor() as cursor:
 try:
 psycopg2.extras.execute_values(cursor, """
 INSERT INTO objs(\
 id,\
 date,\
 ) VALUES %s \
 ON CONFLICT (id) \
 DO UPDATE SET (date) = (EXCLUDED.date) \
 """, ((
 obj['id'],
 obj['date'],

 ) for obj in objs), page_size=page_size)
 except (Exception, Error) as error:
 print("Error while inserting as in database", error)
`
```
When a conflict happens on the unique primary key of the table while inserting an element, I get the error:

Error while inserting as in database ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE command
cannot affect row a second time
HINT: Ensure that no rows proposed for insertion within the same command have duplicate constrained values.

FYI, the clause works on PostgreSQL directly but not from the Python code.
```

[Assistant]
Use unique VALUE-combinations in your INSERT statement:
```
`create table foo(id int primary key, date date);
`
```
This should work:
```
`INSERT INTO foo(id, date)
VALUES(1,'2021-02-17')
ON CONFLICT(id)
DO UPDATE SET date = excluded.date;
`
```
This one won't:
```
`INSERT INTO foo(id, date)
VALUES(1,'2021-02-17') , (1, '2021-02-16') -- 2 conflicting rows
ON CONFLICT(id)
DO UPDATE SET date = excluded.date;
`
```
DEMO
You can fix this by using DISTINCT ON() in a SELECT statement:
```
`INSERT INTO foo(id, date)
SELECT DISTINCT ON(id) id, date
FROM (VALUES(1,CAST('2021-02-17' AS date)) , (1, '2021-02-16')) s(id, date)
ORDER BY id, date ASC
ON CONFLICT(id)
DO UPDATE SET date = excluded.date;
`
```


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this kubernetes incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Minikube image issue

### What Happened?

❌ Exiting due to GUEST_STATUS: Unable to get control-plane node minikube host status: state: unknown state "minikube": docker container inspect minikube --format={{.State.Status}}: exit status 1
stdout:

stderr:
Error response from daemon: No such container: minikube

### Attach the log file

❌ Exiting due to GUEST_STATUS: Unable to get control-plane node minikube host status: state: unknown state "minikube": docker container inspect minikube --format={{.State.Status}}: exit status 1
stdout:

stderr:
Error response from daemon: No such container: minikube

### Operating System

macOS (Default)

### Driver

Docker
```

[Assistant]
The Kubernetes project currently lacks enough contributors to adequately respond to all issues.

This bot triages un-triaged issues according to the following rules:
- After 90d of inactivity, `lifecycle/stale` is applied
- After 30d of inactivity since `lifecycle/stale` was applied, `lifecycle/rotten` is applied
- After 30d of inactivity since `lifecycle/rotten` was applied, the issue is closed

You can:
- Mark this issue as fresh with `/remove-lifecycle stale`
- Close this issue with `/close`
- Offer to help out with [Issue Triage][1]

Please send feedback to sig-contributor-experience at [kubernetes/community](https://github.com/kubernetes/community).

/lifecycle stale

[1]: https://www.kubernetes.dev/docs/guide/issue-triage/

---

The Kubernetes project currently lacks enough active contributors to adequately respond to all issues.

This bot triages un-triaged issues according to the following rules:
- After 90d of inactivity, `lifecycle/stale` is applied
- After 30d of inactivity since `lifecycle/stale` was applied, `lifecycle/rotten` is applied
- After 30d of inactivity since `lifecycle/rotten` was applied, the issue is closed

You can:
- Mark this issue as fresh with `/remove-lifecycle rotten`
- Close this issue with `/close`
- Offer to help out with [Issue Triage][1]

Please send feedback to sig-contributor-experience at [kubernetes/community](https://github.com/kubernetes/community).

/lifecycle rotten

[1]: https://www.kubernetes.dev/docs/guide/issue-triage/

---

The Kubernetes project currently lacks enough active contributors to adequately respond to all issues and PRs.

This bot triages issues according to the following rules:
- After 90d of inactivity, `lifecycle/stale` is applied
- After 30d of inactivity since `lifecycle/stale` was applied, `lifecycle/rotten` is applied
- After 30d of inactivity since `lifecycle/rotten` was applied, the issue is closed

You can:
- Reopen this issue with `/reopen`
- Mark this issue as fresh with `/remove-lifecycle rotten`
- Offer to help out with [Issue Triage][1]

Please send feedback to sig-contributor-experience at [kubernetes/community](https://github.com/kubernetes/community).

/close not-planned

[1]: https://www.kubernetes.dev/docs/guide/issue-triage/


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this docker incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
'docker service logs' overwriting and unstable after 'docker service update' in swarm mode

My docker services logs are usually working fine (printing in chronological order) but,
after performing:
`docker service update --force --image myimageregistry:mytag myservice
`
if I request logs with:
`docker service logs myservice
`
then I get some logs but many lines are missing and last lines don't correspond to the most recent actions. It seems as if older logs got written on top of newer ones and thus the final display is very messy.
Besides, if I keep an other terminal open following logs during the update, logs in that terminal are fine, but the issue is the same if I request them afterwards.
```

[Assistant]
When you request service logs `docker service logs $service` docker goes and streams all the logs from all the containers that are still linked to the service via tasks, running or stopped.
Docker doesn't try to cleanup these logs in any way so multiple tasks logs can all end up interleaved and in the wrong order.
If you specifically want the logs for just the current process you need to first enumerate the tasks associated with the service and then list the logs for one of the tasks:
```
`$ docker service ps traefik_traefik
ID NAME IMAGE NODE DESIRED STATE CURRENT STATE ERROR PORTS
pwabbqdyucc3 traefik_traefik.n6fz7h5d122hads1rqwmmhgmw traefik:v2.3 ...

$ docker service logs pwabb
...
`
```


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this docker incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Windows: missing secrets file creates file-named directory [again]

`docker compose up` creates folder named as secret file when file does not exist

```
> docker compose version
Docker Compose version v2.40.0-desktop.1
> docker compose up
```

```
name: test
secrets:
 sample_secret:
 file: ./sample.secret
services:
 sample:
 image: "alpine:latest"
 secrets:
 - sample_secret
```

> I'm still seeing this problem with Docker Compose version v2.32.4-desktop.1 on Windows.

 _Originally posted by @Kylotan in [#8305](https://github.com/docker/compose/issues/8305#issuecomment-2722694636)_
```

[Assistant]
Also seeing this on Windows.

For me the issue isn't whether there's a warning or not but the fact that it creates an unwanted folder which must be manually deleted. This doesn't happen on other platforms afaik.
Ideally it would error out immediately if a secret source file doesn't exist, rather than just logging a warning and creating a folder for the bind mount.

---

Hi @ndeloof , can you elaborate a bit more on your PR https://github.com/docker/cli/pull/6573 ?

This is what I found up to now: I tested the `create_host_path: false` behaviour on bind mounts in all the following versions (I was not able to go further back due to time constraints):

- Docker 4.46 / Engine 28.4.0 / Compose: v2.39.2
- Docker 4.47 / Engine 28.4.0 / Compose: v2.39.4
- Docker 4.48 / Engine 28.5.1 / Compose v2.40.0
- Docker 4.49 / Engine 28.5.1 / Compose v2.40.2

And in every one of those a new directory is created when the host path is missing. So even when create_host_path is set to false! (to be clear: I only tested this for bind mounts).

@ndeloof : you confirm this behaviour that I'm seeing and you also agree that this is a bug?

I found this interesting topic that was started in 2016:

[docker-compose up creates directories on host system · Issue #2781 · docker/compose](https://github.com/docker/compose/issues/2781)

> Looks like there was a recent change in that area (PR: [#12734](https://github.com/docker/compose/pull/12734)), which reverted some code-paths to use the old API; that sounds like a regression at least (as the advanced syntax should default to create_host_path: false)?

But it got a resolution in May this year(!):

> In the end, this was resolved by updating the compose spec docs to match the current logic in [compose-spec/compose-spec#599](https://github.com/compose-spec/compose-spec/pull/599)

I think the final resolution is wrong, because
1) Now the default behaviour (when not specifiying create_host_path) suddenly changed from erroring out when missing paths to creating directories (and possibly leading to all sorts of unwanted behaviour in the container).
2) I think also that now there might be an error in the code, that leads to no longer registering an expliciet `create_host_path: false` setting? So you always get the new default behaviour now.

---

Ok, so both issues, ie the secrets files issue from @filimonic and my issue with bind mounts have the same root cause? And will be fixed in the Docker project?

Do you have any idea in what version of Docker was this bug introduced? I tested back to version 4.46 but was still hitting it.


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this docker incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
[BUG] Again: Expose Range Error response from daemon: invalid JSON: invalid port '<start>-<end>': invalid syntax

### Description

I have the same issue described here: #13378
I'm on MacOS 15.7.2 and Docker Desktop.

### Steps To Reproduce

```shell
~ docker version

Client:
 Version: 29.0.1
 API version: 1.52
 Go version: go1.25.4
 Git commit: eedd969
 Built: Fri Nov 14 16:16:57 2025
 OS/Arch: darwin/arm64
 Context: desktop-linux

Server: Docker Desktop 4.53.0 (211793)
 Engine:
 Version: 29.0.1
 API version: 1.52 (minimum version 1.44)
 Go version: go1.25.4
 Git commit: 198b5e3
 Built: Fri Nov 14 16:18:20 2025
 OS/Arch: linux/arm64
 Experimental: false
 containerd:
 Version: v2.1.5
 GitCommit: fcd43222d6b07379a4be9786bda52438f0dd16a1
 runc:
 Version: 1.3.3
 GitCommit: v1.3.3-0-gd842d771
 docker-init:
 Version: 0.19.0
 GitCommit: de40ad0
```

### Compose Version

```Text
~ docker compose version
Docker Compose version v2.40.3-desktop.1
```

### Docker Environment

```Text

```

### Anything else?

_No response_
```

[Assistant] I see it's fixed in the upcoming release. Closing this.


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this kubernetes incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Improve the jitter value for kubelet's serviceAccountToken projected volume source

The current jittering logic in [kubelet token_manager](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/dd68c5f2409fec7176e6172d6f9d97bd6447c4da/pkg/kubelet/token/token_manager.go#L42) refreshes the token once it has 20% of its lifetime remaining, with 10 seconds of jitter.

Experimentally, this doesn't seem to be enough to really blunt spikes of refresh requests that come from many workloads having a synced refresh. This can occur when:

* A large deployment is scaled up. All the new replicas will have synced-up refresh traffic.
* A kubelet restarts. Because kubelet only holds the tokens in an in-memory cache, it will need to acquire new tokens for all pods on the node after it restarts. After that, all of the pods will have synced-up refresh traffic.

As an example, here's serviceaccount/token API traffic from a real cluster. Note how there is a repeating spike every 48 minutes, which is what we would expect from the "refresh after 80%" logic, and the default setting of token lifetime for 1 hour. Effective jittering logic would be noticeably smoothing these peaks.

We should increase the `maxJitter` value. Perhaps 5 minutes would be a good value.

![image](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/assets/1017202/133a6c5c-5a6b-4ad1-a1e8-ffb29fae3059)

/sig auth
/kind bug
```

[Assistant]
Need to change the jitter value to take in the token expiration into consideration. It can't be a fixed 5 mins because user can request a token with 10mins expiry.

---

The Kubernetes project currently lacks enough contributors to adequately respond to all issues.

This bot triages un-triaged issues according to the following rules:
- After 90d of inactivity, `lifecycle/stale` is applied
- After 30d of inactivity since `lifecycle/stale` was applied, `lifecycle/rotten` is applied
- After 30d of inactivity since `lifecycle/rotten` was applied, the issue is closed

You can:
- Mark this issue as fresh with `/remove-lifecycle stale`
- Close this issue with `/close`
- Offer to help out with [Issue Triage][1]

Please send feedback to sig-contributor-experience at [kubernetes/community](https://github.com/kubernetes/community).

/lifecycle stale

[1]: https://www.kubernetes.dev/docs/guide/issue-triage/

---

The Kubernetes project currently lacks enough active contributors to adequately respond to all issues.

This bot triages un-triaged issues according to the following rules:
- After 90d of inactivity, `lifecycle/stale` is applied
- After 30d of inactivity since `lifecycle/stale` was applied, `lifecycle/rotten` is applied
- After 30d of inactivity since `lifecycle/rotten` was applied, the issue is closed

You can:
- Mark this issue as fresh with `/remove-lifecycle rotten`
- Close this issue with `/close`
- Offer to help out with [Issue Triage][1]

Please send feedback to sig-contributor-experience at [kubernetes/community](https://github.com/kubernetes/community).

/lifecycle rotten

[1]: https://www.kubernetes.dev/docs/guide/issue-triage/


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this terraform incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Getting error when creating app configuration key with dynamic block in for_each

I need to create Azure App Configurations with using Terraform. In Terraform documentation, it gives the structure to create is:

In my problem, I have configurations in this schema as a sample data:
```
`locals {
 configurations = {
 label1 = {
 key1 = "value1",
 key2 = "value2",
 },
 label2 = {
 key1 = "value2",
 key3 = "value3",
 key4 = "value4",
 }
 }
}
`
```
Generating "label", "key", and "value" fields need to use these configurations value. So, I have created a code to implement it as you see in below:
```
`resource "azurerm_app_configuration_key" "example" {
 for_each = local.configurations
 configuration_store_id = example.id
 label = each.key
 dynamic "key" {
 for_each = each.value
 content {
 name = key
 value = value
 }
 }
}
`
```
But it gives 'Required attribute "key" not specified: An attribute named "key" is required here' error.
How to solve this problem?
```

[Assistant]
The documentation indicates that the resource indeed does not allow a key to be configured with a dynamic block.
Instead, you must iterate over each key-label pair, as that uniquely defines a configuration key. You can achieve that by some Terraform list and map comprehension magic as follows:
```
`locals {
 resource_group_name = "..."
 location = "..."
 configurations = {
 label1 = {
 key1 = "value1",
 key2 = "value2",
 },
 label2 = {
 key1 = "value2",
 key3 = "value3",
 key4 = "value4",
 }
 }
 key_labels = merge(
 [for label, config in local.configurations :
 { for key, value in config :
 "${label}-${key}" =>
 {
 "key" = key,
 "value" = value,
 "label" = label
 }
 }
 ]...
 )
}
resource "azurerm_app_configuration" "test" {
 name = "testconfig12345678"
 resource_group_name = local.resource_group_name
 location = local.location
}

resource "azurerm_app_configuration_key" "test" {
 for_each = local.key_labels
 configuration_store_id = azurerm_app_configuration.test.id
 key = each.value.key
 label = each.value.label
 value = each.value.value
}
`
```


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this terraform incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
2025-10-16T11:03:30.489+0200 [DEBUG] provider.stdio: received EOF, stopping recv loop: err="rpc error: code = Unavailable desc = error reading from server: EOF"
2025-10-16T11:03:30.489+0200 [INFO] provider: plugin process exited: plugin=.terraform/providers/registry.terraform.io/austinvalle/bufo/2.1.0/darwin_arm64/terraform-provider-bufo_v2.1.0 id=14549
2025-10-16T11:03:30.489+0200 [DEBUG] provider: plugin exited
2025-10-16T11:03:30.490+0200 [DEBUG] Building and walking validate graph
2025-10-16T11:03:30.490+0200 [DEBUG] adding implicit provider configuration provider["terraform.io/builtin/terraform"], implied first by terraform_data.test2
2025-10-16T11:03:30.490+0200 [DEBUG] ProviderTransformer: "action.bufo_print.success" (*terraform.NodeValidatableAction) needs provider["registry.terraform.io/austinvalle/bufo"]
2025-10-16T11:03:30.490+0200 [DEBUG] ProviderTransformer: "terraform_data.test2" (*terraform.NodeValidatableResource) needs provider["terraform.io/builtin/terraform"]
2025-10-16T11:03:30.490+0200 [DEBUG] ProviderTransformer: "terraform_data.test" (*terraform.NodeValidatableResource) needs provider["terraform.io/builtin/terraform"]
2025-10-16T11:03:30.490+0200 [ERROR] AttachSchemaTransformer: No provider config schema available for provider["terraform.io/builtin/terraform"]
2025-10-16T11:03:30.490+0200 [DEBUG] ReferenceTransformer: "action.bufo_print.success" references: []
2025-10-16T11:03:30.490+0200 [DEBUG] ReferenceTransformer: "terraform_data.test2" references:
```

[Assistant]
I'm going to lock this issue because it has been closed for _30 days_ ⏳. This helps our maintainers find and focus on the active issues.
If you have found a problem that seems similar to this, please open a new issue and complete the issue template so we can capture all the details necessary to investigate further.


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this influxdb incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Python InfluxDB2 - write_api.write(...) How to check for success?

I need to write historic data into InfluxDB (I'm using Python, which is not a must in this case, so I maybe willing to accept non-Python solutions). I set up the write API like this
```
`write_api = client.write_api(write_options=ASYNCHRONOUS)
`
```
The Data comes from a DataFrame with a timestamp as key, so I write it to the database like this
```
`result = write_api.write(bucket=bucket, data_frame_measurement_name=field_key, record=a_data_frame)
`
```
This call does not throw an exception, even if the InfluxDB server is down. `result` has a protected attribute `_success` that is a boolean in debugging, but I cannot access it from the code.
How do I check if the write was a success?
```

[Assistant]
`write_api.write()` returns a `multiprocessing.pool.AsyncResult` or `multiprocessing.pool.AsyncResult` (both are the same).
With this return object you can check on the asynchronous request in a couple of ways. See here: https://docs.python.org/2/library/multiprocessing.html#multiprocessing.pool.AsyncResult
If you can use a blocking request, then `write_api = client.write_api(write_options=SYNCRONOUS)` can be used.


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this nodejs incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
NestJS - Cannot set headers after they are sent to the client

In my NestJs project, I am using decorator `@Res() res` and using the response object to set custom response header status by multiple cases.
When calling, sometimes it logs: ` Error [ERR_HTTP_HEADERS_SENT]: Cannot remove headers after they are sent to the client`
After I viewed the issues list in Github and searching on the internet, I know this is relating to Express middleware and the built-in filter of NestJs.
So, I remove `.send()` and add ` return;` at the end of the Controller method, the log will disappear.
My first code:
```
`@Get()
get(@Req() req, @Res() res) {
 const result = this.service.getData(req);
 res.status(result.statusCode).json(result.data).send(); // when using .send(), it will cause error
}
`
```
Code after I fixed look like this:
```
`@Get()
get(@Req() req, @Res() res) {
 const result = this.service.getData(req);
 res.status(result.statusCode).json(result.data); // when remove .send(), it will succeed
 return;
}
`
```
My question: Do I have to add ` return;` at the end of the method? Why using `.send()` sometimes cause error but not always?
```

[Assistant]
because `requet.json({...})` already send response to "client". So `.send()` after `requet.json({...})` will try to send another response.
the good way to do is to return response like this:
```
`return res.status(result.statusCode).json(result.data);
`
```
because if you miss `return` your code may cause unexpected result.
Example:
```
`res.status(result.statusCode).json(result.data); //response is sent
let a = "Something good"; // Code will be executed
console.log(a); // Code will be executed
`
```


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this nginx incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Purpose of backslash in nginx map configuration

I'm using a map configuration to block IP addresses with nginx + fail2ban
The sample configuration genrator code in fail2ban repo looks like this :
```
`...
_echo_blck_row = printf '\%%s 1;\n' ""
actionban = %(_echo_blck_row)s >> '%(blck_lst_file)s'; %(blck_lst_reload)s
...
`
```
Note the leading backslash in `\%%s 1;\n`. It creates a file with IP addresses that have a leading backslash before each IP address i.e. it dumps a file like this
```
`\127.0.0.1 1;
`
```
instead of simply
```
`127.0.0.1 1;
`
```
Both the configurations are correct. What's the purpose of the backslash at the start of the IP address in this file ?
```

[Assistant]
From the manual page:

If a source value matches one of the names of special parameters
described below, it should be prefixed with the “\” symbol.

So it's unnecessary (but harmless) for values such as `127.0.0.1`, but it defends against using hostnames such as `default`, `hostnames`, `volatile` or `include`, which are considered "special parameters" within the `map` block.


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this kubernetes incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
 But the connection between Airflow and Kubernetes seems to fail (removing the AIRFLOW__CORE__EXECUTOR varenv allows the creation):
`airflow-scheduler_1 | Traceback (most recent call last):
airflow-scheduler_1 | File "/home/airflow/.local/bin/airflow", line 8, in
airflow-scheduler_1 | sys.exit(main())
airflow-scheduler_1 | File "/home/airflow/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/airflow/__main__.py", line 40, in main
airflow-scheduler_1 | args.func(args)
airflow-scheduler_1 | File "/home/airflow/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/airflow/cli/cli_parser.py", line 48, in command
airflow-scheduler_1 | return func(*args, **kwargs)
airflow-scheduler_1 | File "/home/airflow/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/airflow/utils/cli.py", line 91, in wrapper
airflow-scheduler_1 | return f(*args, **kwargs)
airflow-scheduler_1 | File "/home/airflow/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/airflow/cli/commands/scheduler_command.py", line 70, in scheduler
airflow-scheduler_1 | job.run()
airflow-scheduler_1 | File "/home/airflow/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/airflow/jobs/base_job.py", line 245, in run
airflow-scheduler_1 | self._execute()
airflow-scheduler_1 | File "/home/airflow/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/airflow/jobs/scheduler_job.py", line 686, in _execute
airflow-scheduler_1 | self.executor.start()
airflow-scheduler_1 | File "/home/airflow/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/airflow/executors/kubernetes_executor.py", line 485, in start
airflow-scheduler_1 | self.kube_client = get_kube_
```

[Assistant]
Using Docker Compose to run KubernetesExecutor seems like a bad idea.
Why would you want to do it?
It makes a lot more sense to use the official Helm Chart - it's easier to manage and configure, you can easily deploy it to your minikube and it will work out-of-the-box with KubernetesExecutor.
https://airflow.apache.org/docs/helm-chart/stable/index.html


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this postgresql incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
What is the proper way to handle Postgres server side errors
When it does, it raises one of the following exceptions:
`psycopg2.OperationalError: connection pointer is NULL
psycopg2.InterfaceError: cursor already closed
`
```
I'm not sure if the proper way to handle those specific exceptions is to retry:
` def execute_query(
 self,
 query,
 page_size=2000,
 query_params=None,
 cursor_factory=psycopg2.extras.NamedTupleCursor,
 ):
 try:
 self.connect()
 cursor_id = uuid.uuid4().hex

 with self.connection.cursor(
 cursor_id,
 cursor_factory=cursor_factory,
 ) as cursor:
 cursor.itersize = page_size
 cursor.execute(
 query,
 query_params,
 )

 yield from cursor
 except (
 psycopg2.OperationalError,
 psycopg2.InterfaceError,
 ):
 self.execute_query(
 query=query,
 page_size=page_size,
 query_params=query_params,
 cursor_factory=cursor_factory,
 )
 finally:
 self.disconnect()
`
I need to know if there is any way to predict those exceptions without catching it after it already raised
Thanks!
```

[Assistant]
In my experience, there are no magic tricks when communicating between two servers of some sort. And you cannot predict when they will happen those exceptions. So I will recommend firstly to manage the response when everything breaks. This are more mindset and general design suggestions than a deep dive into psycopg2 code.
I will add some quick tips I use, I hope this helps :D
Keep track of your exceptions
Expect weird outcomes when working with server-client applications, keep in mind that there are tons of errors you cannot possibly control and/or predict, but that does not mean you cannot classify them and escalate your code accordingly. A good thing is to separate your exceptions and handle them one by one.
Have an unhandled exception behavior in place
It could be retry every x seconds, it could be raise it to make it visible, or retry and store the traceback and exception name in a log to classify it later.
Monitorize your server but do not worry too much about it
Since it is for internal use, it is good for the sake of learning to try to find the reason behind every error. But there are lots of not so obvious factors that can meddle in your queries like: lan cables are bad, os in server crashes and quickly recovers, noise in wifi connections, concurrency, database size, etc.
So have your default error behavior in place and work for your method to perform not to be perfect in the first try.
Transactions are your best friends
I will start assuming that your queries fall into one of these two categories:

DQL (Data Query Language): to ask things (SELECT). These are the easy ones
DML (Data Manipulation Language): to edit data (DELETE, UPDATE, INSERT, ...)

(For more info on types of queries I leave you this link: https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/sql-ddl-dql-dml-dcl-tcl-commands/)
DML queries should always be enclosed inside a transaction, to avoid inconsistency when an unexpected error comes: Transactions in PostgreSQL
If you are modifying data and something crashes midway transactions can help you by undoing what was left unfinished.
I hope this helps you and have a nice coding experience!!


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this redis incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
- If a `punsubscribe` is attempted and a disconnection (such as a broken pipe) happens during this process, a reconnection is triggered (via the `PubSub._execute` error handling).
- During reconnection, the client tries to re-subscribe to the previously subscribed patterns, but this process can result in a deadlock.

## Full explanation
There was a new lock introduced before each `PubSub` command execution on commit [`40e5fc1`](https://github.com/redis/redis-py/commit/40e5fc131b457edc368637c1034424567553ba55), which is part of the 5.3.0 release:
https://github.com/redis/redis-py/blob/7130e1ad913f51abc0de1886a52cfd6338e1beee/redis/client.py#L874-L875

When a command execution fails, if `Retries` are enabled, there will be a reconnection attempt:
https://github.com/redis/redis-py/blob/7130e1ad913f51abc0de1886a52cfd6338e1beee/redis/client.py#L895-L916

However, when executing the `connect` we get to the final lines where the resubscriptions callbacks are triggered for `pubsub`:
https://github.com/redis/redis-py/blob/7130e1ad913f51abc0de1886a52cfd6338e1beee/redis/connection.py#L406-L413

This will hit the same lock again a cause a deadlock.

---

Let me know if you need any other information. 🙂
```

[Assistant]
@matejsp I don't know which is the lock that causes the issue on `django-celery` but the one mentioned in the released 6.2.0 is the cluster one and not the PubSub that i mention here

---

> [@Darek07](https://github.com/Darek07) did you try just released 6.2.0 ? It says in release notes that it fixes one deadlock.

Unfortunately it doesn't help. With redis 6.2.0 the problem still appears.


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this terraform incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
I'm trying to create elasticsearch cluster using terraform, But i'm getting this error
```
`11:58:07 * aws_cloudwatch_log_resource_policy.elasticsearch-log-publishing-policy: Writing CloudWatch log resource policy failed: LimitExceededException: Resource limit exceeded.
11:58:07 * aws_elasticsearch_domain.es2: 1 error(s) occurred:
`
```
I initially thought that this resource limit error is unable to create log groups. But when i raised a Ticket with AWS team , they said there is "no throttling on CreateLogGroup API for this account in IAD"
ElasticSearch has about 10 clusters running. I'm not sure which resource limit has exceeded.
Can someone pls explain me the above error.
Update:
```
`data "aws_iam_policy_document" "elasticsearch-log-publishing-policy" {
 statement {
 actions = [
 "logs:CreateLogStream",
 "logs:PutLogEvents",
 "logs:PutLogEventsBatch",
 ]

 resources = ["arn:aws:logs:*"]

 principals {
 identifiers = ["es.amazonaws.com"]
 type = "Service"
 }
 }
}

resource "aws_cloudwatch_log_resource_policy" "elasticsearch-log-publishing-policy" {
 policy_document = "${data.aws_iam_policy_document.elasticsearch-log-publishing-policy.json}"
 policy_name = "elasticsearch-log-publishing-policy"
}
`
```
I tried to apply this using terraform target, i think the error is here, does AWS have a limit on number of custom policies we create, I could not find an option to request an increase.
```

[Assistant]
does AWS have a limit on number of custom policies we create, I could not find an option to request an increase.

Yes, the limit can't be change and it is:

Up to 10 CloudWatch Logs resource policies per Region per account. This quota can't be changed.


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this nginx incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Kubernetes Ingress path route to different services in different namespaces

currently I'm trying the following setup:
I have:

one cluster
one Ingress Controller
one url (myapp.onazure.com)
two namespaces for two applications default and default-test
two deployments, ingress objects, services for the namespaces

I can easily reach my app from the default namespace with path based routing '/' as a prefix rule
Now i have tried to configure the second namespace and following rule: /testing to hit another service
Unfortunately i get an HTTP404 when i try to hit the following URL myapp.onazure.com/testing/openapi.json
What did I miss?
Working Ingress 1
```
`kind: Ingress
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
 name: liveapi-ingress-object
 namespace: default
 annotations:
 kubernetes.io/ingress.class: public-nginx
spec:
 tls:
 - hosts:
 - myapp-region1.onazure.com
 - myapp-region2.onazure.com
 secretName: ingress-tls-csi
 rules:
 - host: - myapp-region1.onazure.com
 http:
 paths:
 - path: /
 pathType: Prefix
 backend:
 service:
 name: liveapi-svc
 port:
 number: 8080
 - host: myapp-region2.onazure.com
 http:
 paths:
 - path: /
 pathType: Prefix
 backend:
 service:
 name: liveapi-svc
 port:
 number: 8080

`
```
Not working Ingress 2
```
`kind: Ingress
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
 name: liveapi-ingress-object-testing
 namespace: default-testing
 annotations:
 kubernetes.io/ingress.class: public-nginx
 #nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/rewrite-target: /testing
spec:
 t
... (truncated)
```

[Assistant]
Finally I figured out the missing part. I had to add the following statement to the not working ingress object:
```
` annotations:
 kubernetes.io/ingress.class: public-nginx
 nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/use-regex: "true"
 nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/rewrite-target: /$1
`
```
Please see the complete ingress object:
```
`kind: Ingress
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
 name: liveapi-ingress-object
 namespace: default-testing
 annotations:
 kubernetes.io/ingress.class: public-nginx
 nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/use-regex: "true"
 nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/rewrite-target: /$1
spec:
 tls:
 - hosts:
 - myapp.onazure.com
 secretName: ingress-tls-csi-testing
 rules:
 - host: myapp.onazure.com
 http:
 paths:
 - path: /testing/(.*)
 pathType: Prefix
 backend:
 service:
 name: liveapi-svc-testing
 port:
 number: 8000

`
```


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this postgresql incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Method 1 error:
```
`Error: Cannot query across one-to-many for property availabilities
`
```
Method 2 error:
```
`QueryFailedError: missing FROM-clause entry for table "availabilities"
`
```
I feel like I am missing something but I am not sure. Have referred both NestJS and TypeORM docs but can't seem to figure out what went wrong.
```

[Assistant]
Using Method 2, because you aliased `car.availabilities` as `car_availabilities`, your `where` clause should use the alias name:
```
`car_availabilities.start_date_time
`
```
not:
```
`cars.availabilities.start_date_time
`
```