[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this terraform incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
`params.each { echo it }` throws `UnsupportedOperationException: no known implementation of class java.lang.String is using symbol ‘string’`
`params.each { echo it.name }` throws `RejectedAccessException: No such field found: field org.jenkinsci.plugins.structs.describable.UninstantiatedDescribable name`
How can I print the `params` array nicely?
EDIT - from Matt Schuchard's response:
```
`def params = [string(name: 'ENVIRONMENT', value: "STAGING"),
 string(name: 'VERSION', value: "1.3.0"),
 string(name: 'REGION', value: "EU")]
print "$params"

params.each() { param, value ->
 print "Parameter: ${param}, Value: ${value}"
}
`
```
returns (i.e. Value is all null):
```
`[@string(name=ENVIRONMENT,value=STAGING), @string(name=VERSION,value=1.3.0), @string(name=REGION,value=EU)]
Parameter: @string(name=ENVIRONMENT,value=STAGING), Value: null
Parameter: @string(name=VERSION,value=1.3.0), Value: null
Parameter: @string(name=REGION,value=EU), Value: null
`
```
```

[Assistant]
You can use a Groovy map iterator lambda method (such as `each`) to iterate over the `params` map. An example follows:
```
`params.each() { param, value ->
 print "Parameter: ${param}, Value: ${value}"
}
`
```
If you decide to use this directly inside a `pipeline` block, then this will need to be placed inside a `script` block when using declarative DSL.


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this azure incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Azure DevOps Pipeline error "Package (...) is not compatible with net60"

I have source control and pipelines in Azure Devops.
My project has two target frameworks: 3.1 and 6.
While running the pipeline, it throws errors when restoring packages:

##[error]The nuget command failed with exit code(1) and error(Errors in D:\a\1\s\nuget-tst\src\nuget-tst.csproj
Package Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Json 3.1.3 is not compatible with net60 (.NETFramework,Version=v6.0). Package
Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Json 3.1.3 supports:
- netcoreapp3.1 (.NETCoreApp,Version=v3.1)
- netstandard2.0 (.NETStandard,Version=v2.0)
Package Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.FileExtensions 3.1.3 is not compatible with net60 (.NETFramework,Version=v6.0). Package
Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.FileExtensions 3.1.3 supports:
- netcoreapp3.1 (.NETCoreApp,Version=v3.1)
- netstandard2.0 (.NETStandard,Version=v2.0)
Package Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.EnvironmentVariables 3.1.3 is not compatible with net60 (.NETFramework,Version=v6.0). Package Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.EnvironmentVariables 3.1.3
supports:
- netcoreapp3.1 (.NETCoreApp,Version=v3.1)
- netstandard2.0 (.NETStandard,Version=v2.0)
One or more packages are incompatible with .NETFramework,Version=v6.0.
Package Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens 6.5.0 is not compatible with netcoreapp3.1 (.NETCoreApp,Version=v3.1). Package
Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens 6.5.0 supports:
- net45 (.NETFramework,Version=v4.5)
- net461 (.
```

[Assistant]
something similar happened to me.
Solved it by adding a nuget tool installer task before the nuget restore step:
```
` - task: NuGetToolInstaller@1
 inputs:
 versionSpec:
 checkLatest: true
`
```
Before adding this step, the nuget tool version was very old (see this line from the output logs of the nuget restore task)
```
`Caching tool: NuGet 5.4.0 x64
`
```
After this modification, the same log shows this:
```
`Detected NuGet version 6.1.0.106 / 6.1.0 ...
`
```
I go the idea from here:
Dotnet github issues


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this nodejs incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
API surface regression test to catch unintended exports

### What is the problem this feature will solve?

Sometimes we have internal-only methods/constants/classes unintentionally exposed to userland. After being exposed for a long enough time, they inevitably become used by someone, leaving Node.js with a choice: either cause breakage in userland, or keep awkward deprecated/legacy code for years.

### What is the feature you are proposing to solve the problem?

- Fixture with a list of all currently exposed properties (flat array of strings like `fs/promises.readFile`, `dns.lookup.[customPromisifyArgs].1`, etc.)
- Test that recursively goes through `module.builtinModules`, builds the list, and asserts equality against the fixture
- Script that would overwrite the fixture with current list using `./out/Release/node ./tools/update-api-surface.mjs`

This way, the test would fail if something unintended happened, and fixture updates would clearly indicate the additions to public API.
This is not 100% robust because it won't include prototypes of some objects created in runtime (for example, `fs.Stats` is accessible while `fs.BigIntStats` is not), but it would catch most of exposures.

### What alternatives have you considered?

Tool (e.g. GitHub Actions workflow) that would compare public API surface against base commit and somehow report the changes if any.
```

[Assistant]
There has been no activity on this feature request for 5 months. To help maintain relevant open issues, please add the https://github.com/nodejs/node/labels/never-stale label or close this issue if it should be closed. If not, the issue will be automatically closed 6 months after the last non-automated comment.
For more information on how the project manages feature requests, please consult the [feature request management document](https://github.com/nodejs/node/blob/HEAD/doc/contributing/feature-request-management.md).


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this influxdb incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
 Mono deviceListResponseEntityMono = reactiveResourceProvider.getConnectedDeviceMonoWithRetryAndErrorSpec(
 while (deviceCount deviceListResponseEntityPageMono = reactiveResourceProvider.getConnectedDeviceMonoWithRetryAndErrorSpec(
```

[Assistant]
I broke it down to two flows 1st getting all operators and then getting all devices for each operator.
For pagination I'm using `Flux.expand` to extract all pages.
```
`public Flux getAllOperators() {
 return getOperatorsMonoWithRetryAndErrorSpec(0)
 .expand(paginatedResponse -> {
 final PaginatedEntity operatorDetailsPage = paginatedResponse.getData();
 if (morePagesAvailable(operatorDetailsPage) {
 return getOperatorsMonoWithRetryAndErrorSpec(operatorDetailsPage.getOffset() + operatorDetailsPage.getCount());
 }
 return Mono.empty();
 })
 .flatMap(responseEntity -> fromIterable(responseEntity.getData().getItems()))
 .subscribeOn(apiScheduler);
}

`
```
```
`public Flux getAllDevices(final int opId, final int offset) {
 return getConnectedDeviceMonoWithRetryAndErrorSpec(opId, offset)
 .expand(paginatedResponse -> {
 final PaginatedEntity deviceDetailsPage = paginatedResponse.getData();
 if (morePagesAvailabile(deviceDetailsPage)) {
 return getConnectedDeviceMonoWithRetryAndErrorSpec(opId,
 deviceDetailsPage.getOffset() + deviceDetailsPage.getCount());
 }
 return Mono.empty();
 })
 .flatMap(responseEntity -> fromIterable(responseEntity.getData().getItems()))
 .subscribeOn(apiScheduler);
}

`
```
Finally I'm creating a pipeline and subscribing to it to trigger the pipeline.
```
`operatorDetailsFlux
 .flatMap(operatorDetails -> {
 return reactiveResourceProvider.getAllDevices(operatorDetails.getId(), 0);
 })
 .subscribe(deviceDetails -> {
 // act on devices
 });

`
```


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this kubernetes incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
 Warning Failed 16m (x4 over 18m) kubelet Failed to pull image "k8s.gcr.io/echoserver:1.4": rpc error: code = Unknown desc = Error response from daemon: Get "https://k8s.gcr.io/v2/": net/http: request canceled while waiting for connection (Client.Timeout exceeded while awaiting headers)
 Warning Failed 16m (x4 over 18m) kubelet Error: ErrImagePull
 Warning Failed 15m (x6 over 18m) kubelet Error: ImagePullBackOff
 Normal BackOff 3m34s (x59 over 18m) kubelet Back-off pulling image "k8s.gcr.io/echoserver:1.4"
`
```
then tried to get some logs!:
`k logs pod/hello-minikube-6ddfcc9757-nfc64` and `k logs deploy/hello-minikube`
both returns the same result:
```
`Error from server (BadRequest): container "echoserver" in pod "hello-minikube-6ddfcc9757-nfc64" is waiting to start: trying and failing to pull image
`
```
this deployment was an example from minikube documentation
but i have no idea why it doesnt pull any image...
```

[Assistant]
I had exactly same problem.
I found out that my internet connection was slow,
the timout to pull an image is `120` seconds, so kubectl could not pull the image in under `120` seconds.
first use minikube to pull the image you need
for example:
```
`minikube image load k8s.gcr.io/echoserver:1.4
`
```
and then everything will work because now kubectl will use the image that is stored locally.


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this gcp incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Google Cloud Vertex AI with Golang: rpc error: code = Unimplemented desc = unexpected HTTP status code received from server: 404 (Not Found)

I have a Vertex AI model deployed on an endpoint and want to do some prediction from my app in Golang.
To do this I create code inspired by this example : https://cloud.google.com/go/docs/reference/cloud.google.com/go/aiplatform/latest/apiv1?hl=en
```
`const file = "MY_BASE64_IMAGE"

func main() {

 ctx := context.Background()

 c, err := aiplatform.NewPredictionClient(cox)
 if err != nil {
 log.Printf("QueryVertex NewPredictionClient - Err:%s", err)
 }
 defer c.Close()

 parameters, err := structpb.NewValue(map[string]interface{}{
 "confidenceThreshold": 0.2,
 "maxPredictions": 5,
 })
 if err != nil {
 log.Printf("QueryVertex structpb.NewValue parameters - Err:%s", err)
 }

 instance, err := structpb.NewValue(map[string]interface{}{
 "content": file,
 })
 if err != nil {
 log.Printf("QueryVertex structpb.NewValue instance - Err:%s", err)
 }

 reqP := &aiplatformpb.PredictRequest{
 Endpoint: "projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION_ID/endpoints/ENDPOINT_ID",
 Instances: []*structpb.Value{instance},
 Parameters: parameters,
 }

 resp, err := c.Predict(cox, reqP)
 if err != nil {
 log.Printf("QueryVertex Predict - Err:%s", err)
 }

 log.Printf("QueryVertex Res:%+v", resp)
}
`
```
I put the path to my service account JSON file on GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS environment variable.
But when I run my test app I obtain this error message:
```
```

[Assistant]
As @DazWilkin suggested, configure the client option to specify the specific regional endpoint with a port 443:
```
`option.WithEndpoint("-aiplatform.googleapis.com:443")
`
```
Try like below:
```
`func main() {

 ctx := context.Background()
 c, err := aiplatform.NewPredictionClient(
 ctx,
 option.WithEndpoint("-aiplatform.googleapis.com:443"),
 )
 if err != nil {
 log.Printf("QueryVertex NewPredictionClient - Err:%s", err)
 }
 defer c.Close()
 .
 .
`
```


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this docker incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Running mongorestore on Docker once the container starts

I'm trying to set up a container running MongoDB that gets populated with data using mongorestore when it starts up. The idea is to quickly set up a dummy database for testing and mocking.
My Dockerfile looks like this:
```
`FROM mongo:bionic
COPY ./db-dump/mydatabase/* /db-dump/
`
```
and docker-compose.yml looks like this:
```
`version: "3.1"

services:
 mongo:
 build: ./mongo
 command: mongorestore -d mydatabase ./db-dump
 ports:
 - "27017:27017"
`
```
If I run this with `docker-compose up`, it pauses for a while and then I get an error saying:
```
`error connecting to host: could not connect to server: server selection error: server selection timeout, current topology: { Type: Single, Servers: [{ Addr: localhost:27017, Type: Unknown, State: Connected, Average RTT: 0, Last error: connection() : dial tcp 127.0.0.1:27017: connect: connection refused }, ] }
`
```
Opening a CLI on the container and running the exact same command works without any issues, however. I've tried adding `-h` with the name of the container or 127.0.0.1, and it doesn't make a difference. Why isn't this command able to connect when it works fine once the container is running?
```

[Assistant]
There is a better way than overriding the default command - using `/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d`:

When a container is started for the first time it will execute files with extensions `.sh` and `.js` that are found in `/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d`. Files will be executed in alphabetical order. `.js` files will be executed by mongo using the database specified by the MONGO_INITDB_DATABASE variable, if it is present, or test otherwise. You may also switch databases within the `.js` script.

[Source]
So you simply write that command into a file named `mongorestore.sh`:
```
`mongorestore -d mydatabase /db-dump
`
```
and then mount it inside along with the dump file:
`version: "3.1"

services:
 mongo:
 image: mongo:bionic
 ports:
 - "27017:27017"
 volumes:
 - ./mongorestore.sh:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/mongorestore.sh
 - ./db-dump:/db-dump
`
You don't even need a Dockerfile.


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this docker incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Docker-compose no longer building image (AttributeError: cython_sources)

I am building a django-react site and suddenly my docker-compose no longer builds despite any changes to requirements or image versions.
My requirements.txt looks as follows:
`Django>=3.2.4,=3.12.4,=4.8.0,=2.8.6,=0.15.1,0.5,=3.0,
The error output:
` => [backend internal] load .dockerignore 0.0s
 => => transferring context: 234B 0.0s
 => [backend internal] load build definition from Dockerfile 0.0s
 => => transferring dockerfile: 933B 0.0s
 => [backend internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/python:3.9-alpine3.13 0.5s
 => [backend 1/6] FROM docker.io/library/python:3.9-alpine3.13@sha256:a7cbd1e7784a35a098cedbc8681b790d35ff6030a5e13f043185e2465003a040 0.0s
 => [backend internal] load build context 0.0s
 => => transferring context: 2.53kB 0.0s
 => CACHED [backend 2/6] WORKDIR /app/backend 0.0s
 => CACHED [backend 3/6] COPY ./requirements.txt /tmp/requirements.txt 0.0s
 => CACHED [backend 4/6] COPY ./requirements.dev.txt /tmp/requirements.dev.txt 0.0s
 => CACHED [backend 5/6] COPY . /app/backend 0.0s
 => ERROR [backend 6/6] RUN python -m venv /py && /py/bin/pip install --upgrade pip && apk add --update --no-cache postgresql-client jpeg-dev && apk add --update --no-cache --virtual .tmp- 18.9s
------
 > [backend 6/6] RUN python -m venv /py && /py/bin/pip install --upgrade pip && apk add --update --no-cache postgresql-client jpeg-dev && apk add --update --no-cache --virtual .tmp-build-deps

```

[Assistant]
It seems like a regression according to this thread. The PyYAML package is probably a dependency of one of your dependencies and autoupdated to a broken version (most likely because of `drf-spectacular`). You should be able to add the pyyaml package into your reuqirements.txt and specify the version of it. Perhaps you should also be more specific with the versioning of `drf-spectacular`, in case you get dependency compatibility issues.
```
`pyyaml==5.4.1
drf-spectacular=={whatever the version was yesterday}
`
```
If you'd like to avoid this in the future, consider using pipenv and it's Pipfile and Pipfile.lock versioning system, which gives you control over which versions you use in your build.
Edit: I see from other threads the issue has been resolved and it's probably a good idea to update `pyyaml` to the latest version.


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this gcp incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
You should receive an error `BadRequestException: 400 Bucket is a requester pays bucket but no user project provided.`

Run `gcloud storage ls gs://gnomad-public-requester-pays`

The bucket contents should be listed

The latter above doesn't seem correct to me as I never intentionally told `gcloud storage` which project to bill for the request.
```

[Assistant]
Update: This behavior seems to have been fixed as of the Google Cloud SDK 411.0.0 released 2022-12-06. As of that version running the setup specified in the original question no longer sends the `X-Goog-User-Project` header.
Thanks @carbocation for the heads up about the fix!

Heard back from a support member after this was reposted to the Google Cloud Community Forums.
ErnestoC said:

The default behavior of the Cloud CLI gcloud is to use the current project for all quota and billing operations. This is why you automatically see your project ID passed in X-Goog-User-Project. This behavior can be overridden though by adding the global --billing-project flag to any command.
If you set this flag to an empty string, no project is passed in the request. I tested this with gcloud storage and confirmed that requester pays buckets return the expected error message (“400: Bucket is a requester pays bucket but no user project provided.”). Non-requester pays buckets allow operations as well.


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this azure incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
azure-ai-language-questionanswering needs typing updates for pyright version 1.1.407

**ACTION NEEDED:** This version of pyright will be merged on **2026-04-13**. The build will begin to fail for this library if errors are not fixed.

**Library name:** azure-ai-language-questionanswering
**Pyright version:** 1.1.407
**Pyright Build:** [Link to build (2026-02-01)](https://dev.azure.com/azure-sdk/internal/_build/results?buildId=5823231&view=logs&j=87f850b5-cf15-53c6-370a-4be21ee70ec7&t=d243185e-b901-5eef-29fe-f7943e030451)
**How to fix:** Run the `next-pyright` tox command at the library package-level and resolve the typing errors.
1) `../azure-ai-language-questionanswering>pip install "tox<5"`
2) `../azure-ai-language-questionanswering>tox run -e next-pyright -c ../../../eng/tox/tox.ini --root .`

See the [Typing Guide](https://github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-python/blob/main/doc/dev/static_type_checking.md#run-mypy) for more information.
```

[Assistant] This has been fixed by this PR: https://github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-python/pull/44887. Thanks.


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this azure incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
az storage blob upload-batch fails with NoAuthenticationInformation
az storage blob upload-batch command fails with below error:

`ERROR: Server failed to authenticate the request. Please refer to the information in the www-authenticate header.
RequestId:7f9df27e-201e-004f-4d34-08d0a9000000
Time:2023-10-26T17:50:51.1501299Z
ErrorCode:NoAuthenticationInformation`

### Related command

az storage blob upload-batch

### Errors

D:\a\_work\3\s>az storage blob upload-batch --overwrite true -d development/2.0.1a6 -s extension/schema --account-name azuremlsdk2
WARNING:
There are no credentials provided in your command and environment, we will query for account key for your storage account.
It is recommended to provide --connection-string, --account-key or --sas-token in your command as credentials.

You also can add `--auth-mode login` in your command to use Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) for authorization if your login account is assigned required RBAC roles.
For more information about RBAC roles in storage, visit https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/storage/common/storage-auth-aad-rbac-cli.

In addition, setting the corresponding environment variables can avoid inputting credentials in your command. Please use --help to get more information about environment variable usage.
WARNING:
Skip querying account key due to failure: Storage account 'azuremlsdk2' not found.
ERROR: Server failed to authenticate the request. Please refer to the information in the www-authenticate header.
Re
```

[Assistant]
Hi @singankit
Find similar issue https://github.com/Azure/azure-cli/issues/23821.
| | |
| --------------- | --------------- |
| Issue title | Azure CLI: API version 2022-05-01 does not have operation group 'storage_accounts' |
| Create time | 2022-09-08 |
| Comment number | 12 |

Possible solution:
The error message "Server failed to authenticate the request. Please refer to the information in the www-authenticate header." is similar to the error message in issue #23821. In that issue, the solution was to specify `--auth-mode key` and provide `--account-key` together with `--account-name`. If you still have problems after adding `--account-key`, please share the debug log.

Another possible solution is to manually install the latest Azure CLI version, as it seems like some dependencies may be missing during auto upgrade. You can follow the instructions in this link to install the latest Azure CLI version: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/cli/azure/install-azure-cli.

-----
Please confirm if this resolves your issue.

---

Hi, we're sending this friendly reminder because we haven't heard back from you in a while. We need more information about this issue to help address it. Please be sure to give us your input within the next **7 days**. If we don't hear back from you within **14 days** of this comment the issue will be automatically closed. Thank you!
<!-- Policy app identification https://img.shields.io/static/v1?label=PullRequestIssueManagement. -->


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this nodejs incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Turbopack Error: inner_of_uppers_lost_follower is not able to remove follower TaskId 16 (ProjectContainer::entrypoints) from TaskId 19 (EntrypointsOperation::new) as they don't exist as upper or follower edges

Turbopack version: `40672141`
Next.js version: `0.0.0`

Error message:
```
inner_of_uppers_lost_follower is not able to remove follower TaskId 16 (ProjectContainer::entrypoints) from TaskId 19 (EntrypointsOperation::new) as they don't exist as upper or follower edges

Debug info:
- Execution of get_written_endpoint_with_issues_operation failed
- Execution of endpoint_write_to_disk_operation failed
- Execution of pick_endpoint failed
- Execution of entrypoints_without_collectibles_operation failed
- inner_of_uppers_lost_follower is not able to remove follower TaskId 16 (ProjectContainer::entrypoints) from TaskId 19 (EntrypointsOperation::new) as they don't exist as upper or follower edges
```
```

[Assistant]
This discussion appears to be a duplicate of #85369.

Please follow the discussion there: https://github.com/vercel/next.js/discussions/85369

---
*This comment was added automatically by discussion consolidation tool. If you believe this is in error, feel free to re-open the discussion.*


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this nodejs incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
I regret to say it's a big production site and I can't make minimal reproducible example, cause i don't know where is reason of these error :(
Except are memory and CPU leaks, what will be reasons for Node.js server might go went down?
I need at least direction to search.
UPDATE1:
"went down" - its when kubernetes kills container due 3 failed life checks (GET request to a root / of website)
My site don't use any BD connection but call lots of 3rd party API's. About 6 API requests due one GET/ request from browser
UPDATE2:
Thx. To your answers, guys.
To understand what happend inside my GET/ request, i'm add open-telemetry into my server. In longtime and timeout GET/ requests i saw long API requests with very big tcp.connect and tls.connect.

I think it happens due lack of connections or something about that. I think Mostafa Nazari is right.
I create patch and apply them within the next couple of days, and then will say if problem gone
I solve problem.
It really was lack of connections. I add reusing node-fetch connection due keepAlive and a lot of cache for saving connections. And its works.
Thanks for all your answers. They all right, but most helpful thing was added open-telemetry to my server to understand what exactly happens inside request.
For other people with these problems, I'm strongly recommended as first step, add telemetry to your project.
https://opentelemetry.io/
PS: i can't mark two replies as answer. Joe have most detailed and Mostafa Nazari most relevant to
```

[Assistant]
Gradual growth of response time suggest some kind of leak.
If CPU and memory consumption is excluded, another potentially limiting resources include:

File descriptors - when your server forgets to close files. Monitor for number of files in /proc//fd/* to confirm this. See what those files are, find which code misbehaves.

Directory listing - even temporary directory holding a lot of files will take some time to scan, and if your application is not removing some temporary files and lists them - you will be in trouble quickly.

Zombie processes - just monitor total number of processes on the server.

Firewall rules (some docker network magic may in theory cause this on host system) - monitor length of output of "iptables -L" or "iptables-save" or equivalent on modern kernels. Rare condition.

Memory fragmentation - this may happen in languages with garbage collection, but often leaves traces with something like "Can not allocate memory" in logs. Rare condition, hard to fix. Export some health metrics and make your k8s restart your pod preemptively.

Application bugs/implementation problems. This really depends on internal logic - what is going on inside the app. There may be some data structure that gets filled in with data as time goes by in some tricky way, becoming O(N) instead of O(1). Really hard to trace down, unless you have managed to reproduce the condition in lab/test environment.

API calls from frontend shift to shorter, but more CPU-hungry ones. Monitor distribution of API call types over time.


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this kubernetes incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Update Automation PR:The "after" version is wrong in PR title

This Automation PR
https://github.com/kubernetes/minikube/pull/21950/files

https://github.com/kubernetes/minikube/tree/master/.github/workflows/update-go-github-version.yml

The PR Title is:
CI: update go-github from v74.0.0 to v74.0.0

While the PR itself is changing it to v79.0,0

anyone taking this issue I suggest looking at the yaml file above and also the hack/update folder

I noticed a couple other PRs titles were wrong and I fixed manually
```

[Assistant]
also happend to https://github.com/kubernetes/minikube/pull/21975/files (fixed it manually)

make update-cni-plugins-version using [update-cni-plugins-version.yml](https://github.com/kubernetes/minikube/tree/master/.github/workflows/update-cni-plugins-version.yml) CI Workflow.

---

> also happend to https://github.com/kubernetes/minikube/pull/21975/files (fixed it manually)
>
> make update-cni-plugins-version using [update-cni-plugins-version.yml](https://github.com/kubernetes/minikube/tree/master/.github/workflows/update-cni-plugins-version.yml) CI Workflow.

Looking at the (https://github.com/kubernetes/minikube/tree/master/.github/workflows/update-cni-plugins-version.yml) workflow, it uses the same pattern as the go-github workflow:

```
echo "OLD_VERSION=$(DEP=cni-plugins make get-dependency-version)" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
make update-cni-plugins-version
echo "NEW_VERSION=$(DEP=cni-plugins make get-dependency-version)" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
```

Both workflows rely on hack/update/get_version/get_version.go to capture versions,

The cni-plugins dependency reads its version from:

"cni-plugins": {"deploy/iso/minikube-iso/arch/x86_64/package/cni-plugins-latest/cni-plugins-latest.mk",
 `CNI_PLUGINS_LATEST_VERSION = (.*)`}

which has one version (unlike go.mod which can have multiple), i found that there was a bump that update this version and file on september 8

```
commit 18eea256f692fe5260f34a13de0cc56053c756fc
Author: minikube-bot <minikube-bot@google.com>
Date: Mon Sep 8 17:52:16 2025 +0000

 Kicbase/ISO: Update cni-plugins from v1.7.1 to v1.8.0

commit 9171dbbc18499d074fb1347bbe5819e022c13243
```

This means when PR #21975 ran later, the file already contained `v1.8.0`. The workflow would have captured:
- **OLD_VERSION**: v1.8.0 (current version in file)
- **NEW_VERSION**: v1.8.0 (no new version available)
- **Result**: PR title showing "v1.8.0 to v1.8.0" instead of the intended range


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this redis incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
NodeJs with Redis as session store throws exception
But as I put the Redis store back in sample, I start getting exception Client is closed. Code for enabling the Redis session store is
```
`const RedisStore = connectRedis(session)
//Configure redis client
const redisClient = redis.createClient({
 host: 'localhost',
 port: 6379
})
redisClient.on('error', function (err) {
 console.log('Could not establish a connection with redis. ' + err);
});
redisClient.on('connect', function (err) {
 console.log('Connected to redis successfully');
});
//Configure session middleware
app.use(session({
 store: new RedisStore({ client: redisClient }),
 secret: 'secret$%^134',
 resave: false,
 saveUninitialized: false,
 cookie: {
 secure: false, // if true only transmit cookie over https
 httpOnly: false, // if true prevent client side JS from reading the cookie
 maxAge: 1000 * 60 * 10 // session max age in miliseconds
 }
}));
`
```
```

[Assistant]
After lots of reading, I got the answer at npmjs site.
npmjs site for redis-connect package
After version 4, small code change is requried. "legacy-mode" needs to be enabled and explicite 'connect' call need to made in code.
The changed and working code is as below. Added the comments for the changes.
```
`const RedisStore = connectRedis(session)
//Configure redis client
const redisClient = redis.createClient({
 host: 'localhost',
 port: 6379,
 legacyMode:true //********New Addition - set legacy mode to true.*******
})
redisClient.on('error', function (err) {
 console.log('Could not establish a connection with redis. ' + err);
});
redisClient.on('connect', function (err) {
 console.log('Connected to redis successfully');
});
redisClient.connect(); //******** New Addition - Explicite connect call *********
//Configure session middleware
app.use(session({
 store: new RedisStore({ client: redisClient }),
 secret: 'secret$%^134',
 resave: false,
 saveUninitialized: false,
 cookie: {
 secure: false, // if true only transmit cookie over https
 httpOnly: false, // if true prevent client side JS from reading the cookie
 maxAge: 1000 * 60 * 10 // session max age in miliseconds
 }
}));
`
```


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this nginx incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
How to host a Flask app on a subfolder / URL prefix with Nginx?

I have a flask app which I want to host it on a subfolder of a website, like `example.com/cn`.
I configured my nginx like
```
`location /cn {
 proxy_pass http://localhost:8000/;
}
`
```
So if I access `example.com/cn`, It will redirect to the index page of flask.
However, I have wrote the routes of other pages on flask like `app.route('/a')`. So if I click the link of page `a`, the URI is `example.com/a`, then `nginx` cannot redirect it to the right page.
I think I can rewrite all the routes on flask like `app.route('/cn/a')`, but it's complex. And if someday I want to deploy it on `example.com/en`, I think I need to rewrite all the routes again.
Does anyone have other methods?
```

[Assistant]
You need to add APPLICATION_ROOT params to your flask app:
```
`from flask import Flask, url_for
from werkzeug.serving import run_simple
from werkzeug.wsgi import DispatcherMiddleware

app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['APPLICATION_ROOT'] = '/cn'
`
```
if you need to host more than one application on your server, you can configure nginx to redirect all request to your specific flask app served by gunicorn like this. (it is not necessary if your server hosts only one application) Find out more about gunicorn and nginx here: https://docs.gunicorn.org/en/stable/deploy.html
```
`server {
 listen 8000;
 server_name example.com;

 proxy_intercept_errors on;
 fastcgi_intercept_errors on;

 location / {
 include proxy_params;
 proxy_pass http://unix:/path_to_example_flask_app_1/app.sock;
 }

 location /cn/{
 include proxy_params;
 proxy_pass http://unix:/path_to_example_flask_app_cn/app.sock;
 }
}

`
```
serve flask app with gunicorn:
A complete exmaple here: https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-serve-flask-applications-with-gunicorn-and-nginx-on-ubuntu-18-04
```
`#move into project directory
/path_to_gunicorn/gunicorn --workers 3 --bind unix:app.sock -m 007 run:app
`
```
If you are using flask_restful instead, you can specify the root path also in the following way:
```
`from flask import Flask
from flask_restful import Api

app = Flask(__name__)
app.debug = False
api = Api(app, prefix='/cn')

api.add_resource(ResourceClass, '/example_path') #will be served when the resource is requested at path /cn/example_path

if __name__ == '__main__':
 app.run(host="0.0.0.0", port=8000)
`
```


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this kubernetes incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Cannot SSH log into docker created by minikube with Hyper-V driver

I have installed minikube and did successfully create a cluster with `minikube start --driver=hyperv`, perhaps. I deduce that it is successfully created because after `minikube status` I got output that all is running and configured.
The next step I do is to `ssh docker@IP_ADDRESS` while `IP_ADDRESS` is the one I got from `minikube ip` command.
The result is that I am prompted for the password. I type `tcuser` but it seems that password is incorrect.
Where to look for now? Is password wrong or maybe something is not set up properly?
```

[Assistant]
Please use the SSH private key on Minikube (already created), no need for password:
```
`ssh -i $(minikube ssh-key) docker@$(minikube ip)
`
```


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this azure incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
[Bug] Only TimerTrigger function get warning "Auth level is not applied to non http function app"

### Expected Behavior

No warning was received.

### Actual Behavior

I get a warning that "Auth level is not applied to non-http function app", when I have not set any Auth level and only using timer triggered functions.

The full warning is: "Auth level is not applied to non http function app. Ref: https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/azure-functions/functions-bindings-http-webhook-trigger?tabs=in-process%2Cfunctionsv2&pivots=programming-language-python#http-auth"

### Steps to Reproduce

1. Create a repo with AZ function for python v2 with a single Timer trigger function

### Relevant code being tried

```shell

```

### Relevant log output

```shell

```

### requirements.txt file

```shell

```

### Where are you facing this problem?

Production Environment (explain below)

### Function app name

_No response_

### Additional Information

I think the issue is linked to this code: https://github.com/Azure/azure-functions-python-library/blob/39363d876db17d77b5747f4ce3878305dab235cf/azure/functions/decorators/function_app.py#L3637

The issue I think is

```python

# self._require_auth_level is None

if not self._require_auth_level:
 self._require_auth_level = any(
 function.is_http_function() for function in functions)

# self._require_auth_level is False since no HTTP functions

if not self._require_auth_level:
# This is triggered, but I do not think it should be?
 logging.war
... (truncated)
```

[Assistant]
I cannot verify if the issue still exists as I am moving to different projects.

---

Closing due to inactivity -- if the issue is still occurring, please feel free to reopen


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this gcp incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Programmatically Connecting a GitHub repo to a Google Cloud Project

I'm working on a Terraform project that will set up all the GCP resources needed for a large project spanning multiple GitHub repos. My goal is to be able to recreate the cloud infrastructure from scratch completely with Terraform.
The issue I'm running into is in order to setup build triggers with Terraform within GCP, the GitHub repo that is setting off the trigger first needs to be connected. Currently, I've only been able to do that manually via the Google Cloud Build dashboard. I'm not sure if this is possible via Terraform or with a script but I'm looking for any solution I can automate this with. Once the projects are connected updating everything with Terraform is working fine.
TLDR; How can I programmatically connect a GitHub project with a GCP project instead of using the dashboard?
```

[Assistant]
Currently there is no way to programmatically connect a GitHub repo to a Google Cloud Project. This must be done manually via Google Cloud.
My workaround is to manually connect an "admin" project, build containers and save them to that project's artifact registry, and then deploy the containers from the registry in the programmatically generated project.


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this kubernetes incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
1. the error prints to the terminal, then
2. the empty variable prints to the terminal: `$`

After redirecting `stdErr` back to `stdOut` the issue is resolved:

```shell
% yo="$(kubectl get pods -n kube-public 2>&1)"; echo "$yo" | cat -vte
No resources found in kube-public namespace.$
```

**What you expected to happen**:

The message to the user "No resources found in kube-public namespace." should be sent through `stdOut`.

**How to reproduce it (as minimally and precisely as possible)**:

See above.

**Anything else we need to know?**:

For reference, even given a similar command with a resulting failure, like searching for namespace `foo` (and there is no namespace `foo`) should even be sent to `stdOut` (if there is a message) and accompanied by exit `status:1` ; `kubectl` is telling the human something important.

If there is nothing to share with the user (no messages printed to the terminal) then simple exit with `status:1` and move on.

For Reference:

The most programmatically friendly thing to do is:

* Send ALL `kubectl` messages (errors and everything) to `stdOut`, and
* Whenever `kubectl` has nothing to share with the human (rarely) THAT should exit with `status:1`.

## Example

Given these conditions:

```shell
% cat /tmp/yo
a1 b1 c1
a2 b2 c2
a3 b3 c3
```

`grep` will indicate success with a message and exit status:

```shell
% grep b2 /tmp/yo; echo $?
a2 b2 c2 # information for user
0 # exit status: success
```

In this case the succeeding operation outputs a
```

[Assistant]
I think, this KEP https://github.com/kubernetes/enhancements/issues/2551 will resolve the issue explained in here.

---

The Kubernetes project currently lacks enough contributors to adequately respond to all issues.

This bot triages un-triaged issues according to the following rules:
- After 90d of inactivity, `lifecycle/stale` is applied
- After 30d of inactivity since `lifecycle/stale` was applied, `lifecycle/rotten` is applied
- After 30d of inactivity since `lifecycle/rotten` was applied, the issue is closed

You can:
- Mark this issue as fresh with `/remove-lifecycle stale`
- Close this issue with `/close`
- Offer to help out with [Issue Triage][1]

Please send feedback to sig-contributor-experience at [kubernetes/community](https://github.com/kubernetes/community).

/lifecycle stale

[1]: https://www.kubernetes.dev/docs/guide/issue-triage/

---

The Kubernetes project currently lacks enough active contributors to adequately respond to all issues.

This bot triages un-triaged issues according to the following rules:
- After 90d of inactivity, `lifecycle/stale` is applied
- After 30d of inactivity since `lifecycle/stale` was applied, `lifecycle/rotten` is applied
- After 30d of inactivity since `lifecycle/rotten` was applied, the issue is closed

You can:
- Mark this issue as fresh with `/remove-lifecycle rotten`
- Close this issue with `/close`
- Offer to help out with [Issue Triage][1]

Please send feedback to sig-contributor-experience at [kubernetes/community](https://github.com/kubernetes/community).

/lifecycle rotten

[1]: https://www.kubernetes.dev/docs/guide/issue-triage/


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this nginx incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Django admin interface missing css styling in production

The user interface is working well, and all CSS styling and static files are served correctly, but the admin interface is missing CSS styling. I looked at similar posts but in those posts people had the issue with both the user and the admin interface. My issue is only with the admin interface.
Please see my static file settings below from `settings.py`:
```
`STATIC_URL = '/static/'

#Location of static files
STATICFILES_DIRS = [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'), ]

STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'staticfiles')
`
```
And this is my nginx configuration:
```
`server {
 listen 80;
 server_name MY_SERVER_IP;

 location = /favicon.ico { access_log off; log_not_found off; }
 location /static/ {
 root /home/MYUSERNAME/myproject;
 }

 location /media/ {
 root /home/MYUSERNAME/myproject;
 }
`
```
I already executed `python manage.py collectstatic` on the server and got this message:
```
`0 static files copied to '/home/MYUSERNAME/myproject/staticfiles', 255 unmodified.
`
```
I restarted nginx after that and also tried emptying my browser cache, but the issue persisted.
More info as requested by @Omar Siddiqui.
Using Django 3.2
My mysite/urls.py contains:
```
`from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include

# Imports to configure media files for summernote editor
from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls.static import static

urlpatterns = [
 path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
 path('', in
... (truncated)
```

[Assistant]
Could you please try below steps and let me know if it's working or not?
Apply below changes in settings.py file:
```
`STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')
`
```
Remove below line from your settings.py:
```
`STATICFILES_DIRS = [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'), ]
`
```
Execute below command in production:
```
`python manage.py collectstatic
`
```
Update nginx file like below one:
```
`# prevent css, js files sent as text/plain objects
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;

server {
 listen 80;
 server_name MY_SERVER_IP;

 location = /favicon.ico { access_log off; log_not_found off; }
 location /static/ {
 autoindex on;
 autoindex_exact_size off;
 root /home/MYUSERNAME/myproject;
 }

 location /media/ {
 autoindex on;
 autoindex_exact_size off;
 root /home/MYUSERNAME/myproject;
 }
}
`
```
Explanations:

`STATIC_ROOT` is the folder where static files will be stored after
using `python manage.py collectstatic`
`STATICFILES_DIRS` is the list of folders where django will search for additional static files aside from the `static` folder of each app installed.

In this case our concern was Admin related CSS files that why we use `STATIC_ROOT` instead of `STATICFILES_DIRS`


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this docker incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
How to install Google chrome in a docker container

I'm trying to install chrome in a docker container. I execute:
```
`RUN apt-get install -y wget
RUN wget -q https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb
RUN dpkg -i google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb # problem here
RUN apt -f install -y
`
```
The problem is that `dpkg -i` fails because of missing dependencies. In principle this is not a big problem, as the next command should fix this, and indeed it does it when run interactively from within the container. But the problem is that when building a docker container this error makes the build process to stop:
```
`dpkg: error processing package google-chrome-stable (--install):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Errors were encountered while processing:
 google-chrome-stable
root@78b45ab9aa33:/#
exit
`
```
How can I overcome this problem? Isn't there a simpler way to install chrome without provoking the dependence problem? I can't find the repository to add so I can run a regular `apg-get install google-chrome`, that is what I'd like to do. In the google linux repository they just mention that the "the packages will automatically configure the repository settings necessary". Which is not exactly what I get...
```

[Assistant]
After the comment by @Facty and some more search, I found two solutions to install Google Chrome without raising this error. I'll post it below for future references or people having the same issue.
There are actually two ways to install Chrome on a docker container:
If you download the deb file manually, you can install it with `apt-get` instead of `dpkg`. This will automatically install the dependencies without having to call `apt -f install -y` later :
```
`RUN apt-get install -y wget
RUN wget -q https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb
RUN apt-get install -y ./google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb
`
```
The other solution is to add the repositories (installing the gpg key) and install from them directly, skipping the manual download:
```
`RUN apt-get install -y wget
RUN wget -q -O - https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub | apt-key add - \
 && echo "deb http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google.list
RUN apt-get update && apt-get -y install google-chrome-stable
`
```


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this azure incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Some azure cli commands return SubscriptionNotExists errors?

I have a free trial subscription on Azure:
`$ az account subscription list

Command group 'account subscription' is experimental and under development. Reference and support levels: https://aka.ms/CLI_refstatus
[
 {
 "authorizationSource": "RoleBased",
 "displayName": "Azure subscription 1",
 "id": "/subscriptions/fffffff-ffff-ffff-ffff-ffffffffffff",
 "state": "Enabled",
 "subscriptionId": "fffffff-ffff-ffff-ffff-ffffffffffff",
 "subscriptionPolicies": {
 "locationPlacementId": "Public_2014-09-01",
 "quotaId": "FreeTrial_2014-09-01",
 "spendingLimit": "On"
 }
 }
]
`
but when I execute the command (list MariaDB SKUs) I get the following error:
`$ az mariadb server list-skus --location eastus

(SubscriptionNotExists) Subscription 'fffffff-ffff-ffff-ffff-ffffffffffff' does not exist.
Code: SubscriptionNotExists
Message: Subscription 'fffffff-ffff-ffff-ffff-ffffffffffff' does not exist.
`
Works fine under my other account where I have a pay-as-you-go subscription. Same thing with the go SDK.
If the free trial is the issue it would be great to document it somewhere.
```

[Assistant] Turns out you have to register provider resources for your subscription before you can use them. For some reason MariaDB was already registered for one of my accounts but not for the other. The error `SubscriptionNotExists` is extremely confusing in that regard.


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this nginx incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Error: values don't meet the specifications of the schema(s) in the following chart(s):
nginx-ingress:
- at '/controller/topologySpreadConstraints': got array, want object

```

when JSON schema validation is disabled, it produces valid manifest

```shell
❯ helm template nginx nginx/nginx-ingress -f values-array.yaml --skip-schema-validation | kubeconform -strict -verbose
stdin - ConfigMap nginx-nginx-ingress-leader-election is valid
stdin - ServiceAccount nginx-nginx-ingress is valid
stdin - ConfigMap nginx-nginx-ingress is valid
stdin - ClusterRole nginx-nginx-ingress is valid
stdin - Role nginx-nginx-ingress is valid
stdin - RoleBinding nginx-nginx-ingress is valid
stdin - ClusterRoleBinding nginx-nginx-ingress is valid
stdin - Service nginx-nginx-ingress-controller is valid
stdin - IngressClass nginx is valid
stdin - Deployment nginx-nginx-ingress-controller is valid
stdin - Lease nginx-nginx-ingress-leader-election is valid
```

With older version of Helm this works just fine
```shell
❯ ~/tmp/helm-old version
version.BuildInfo{Version:"v3.18.4", GitCommit:"d80839cf37d860c8aa9a0503fe463278f26cd5e2", GitTreeState:"clean", GoVersion:"go1.24.4"}
❯ ~/tmp/helm-old template nginx nginx/nginx-ingress -f values-array.yaml
---
# Source: nginx-ingress/templates/controller-serviceaccount.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
 name: nginx-nginx-ingress
 namespace: default
 labels:
 helm.sh/chart: nginx-ingress-2.2.2
 app.kubernetes.io/name: nginx-ingress
 app.kubernetes
```

[Assistant]
It should be pretty straightforward. The `type` parameter for any node in the `values.schema.json` that uses a `$ref` is redundant anyway. The `type` and any other details are taken only from the referenced schema.

In the case of `controller.topologySpreadConstraints` simply removing the `"type": "object",` line solves the problem for both older and new versions of Helm. `topologySpreadConstraints` can't be an object, as that would produce an invalid K8s manifest. And the referenced schema correctly specifies it as an `array`.


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this nodejs incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
mongo-connect error with mongo-connect(session)

After searching around about it, I can't find any solution or mistake in my `code` about this error. I've got my `app.js` files inside my node JS application with the `mongo-connect` declaration :
```
`const MongoStore = require('connect-mongo')(session)
`
```
And I've got this error :

TypeError: Class constructor MongoStore cannot be invoked without
'new'
at Object. (/Users/souhailmohamed/project/devops/story website/app.js:11:20)
at Module._compile (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:1063:30)
at Object.Module._extensions..js (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:1092:10)
at Module.load (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:928:32)
at Function.Module._load (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:769:14)
at Function.executeUserEntryPoint [as runMain] (internal/modules/run_main.js:72:12)
at internal/main/run_main_module.js:17:47

There is my `app.use` code beloww :
```
`app.use(session({
 secret: 'story book',
 resave: false,
 saveUninitialized: false,
 store: new MongoStore({ mongooseConnection: mongoose.connection })
}))
`
```
I understand pretty well about the
```
`const MongoStore = require('connect-mongo')(session)
`
```
but I didn't understand the error. But it's from a tutorial from youtube by traversy media LinK
```

[Assistant]
`connect-mongo` v4 introduces new signature (compared to v3).
Here is the official migration guide.

Also, here is a quick diff of what I changed in my specific project (using `mongoose` and `dotenv`) to upgrade from `connect-mongo` v3 to v4:


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this docker incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Error I'm getting:
```
0.0s Error response from daemon: invalid config for network adnio: invalid endpoint settings:
user specified IP address is supported only when connecting to networks with user configured subnets
```

I have created a custom docker bridge network using cli `docker network create adnio`.

Docker networks:
```
NETWORK ID NAME DRIVER SCOPE
47e4e135b3ae adnio bridge local
a05c81df3750 bridge bridge local
faf68de61cf7 host host local
0478897e6921 none null local
4b926deb0e6c vpn_default bridge local
```

Here is one of my compose file:
```
services:

 portainer:
 image: portainer/portainer-ce
 container_name: portainer
 networks:
 adnio:
 ipv4_address: ${SUBNET}${PORTAINER_IP}
 ports:
 - 9000:9000
 environment:
 - TZ=${TZ}
 volumes:
 - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
 - /etc/timezone:/etc/timezone:ro
 - ${APP_CONF}/portainer:/data
 restart: always
...

networks:
 adnio:
 external: true
```

Example of my .env file:
```
## ==================== ##

NETWORK="adnio"
SUBNET="172.18.0."

## Containers IP Octat ##

## ==================== ##
## Always-On ##

PORTAINER_IP=2
...
```

### Reproduce

1. `docker network create adnio`
2. Set `ipv4_address` to any container in compose file
3. `start` or `up -d` this container and observe the error

### Expected behavior

The container(s) should `start` or `up -d` with the set static IP.

### docker version

```bash
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version: 29.0.2
 API version: 1.52
 Go version: go1.25.4
 Git
```

[Assistant] Hi @XxAcielxX - thank you for reporting this. I'm able to repro the issue, will take a look ...


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this docker incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
include the BUG REPORT INFORMATION shown below. If you fail to provide this
```

[Assistant] `make binary` should also allow to build locally. Work is progressing on making the repositories module-aware, so hopefully the problem should go away soon.


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this nginx incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
HTTP nginx to HTTPS proxy_pass returns 504 BAD Gateway

I'm trying to creating a proxy_pass to a https address (my nginx is running under 80 using plain HTTP protocol).
This is my declaration in conf file:
```
` location /viacep/ {
 proxy_pass https://viacep.com.br/;
 proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
 proxy_set_header Host $host;
 proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
 }
`
```
Well, the idea is when I enter in `localhost/viacep/ws/09340400/json` I got the following address resolution under the hood: https://viacep.com.br/ws/09340400/json. But I got the following error in error.log file:
```
`2021/12/28 09:32:59 [error] 34664#0: *1 upstream prematurely closed connection while reading response header from upstream, client: 127.0.0.1, server: , request: "GET /viacep/ws/09540400/json HTTP/1.1", upstream: "https://165.227.126.241:443/ws/09540400/json", host: "localhost"
`
```
I imagine this error occurs because of the address resolved (https://165.227.126.241:443/ws/09540400/json), look it using IP instead of DNS.
Edit 1
I tried add `proxy_ssl_server_name on;` but same error.
```

[Assistant]
NGINX will allways resolve the DNS Name to an IP address.
The problem could be with the backend-servers SNI. Given there are multiple sites hosted on this server and the server supports SNI you should send the `server name` by using `proxy_ssl_server_name on;` in your NGINX configuration.
I have just configured that on my NGINX Version `1.20`
`server {
 listen 80;

 location / {
 proxy_pass https://viacep.com.br/;
 proxy_set_header Host viacep.com.br;
 proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto https;
 proxy_ssl_server_name on;

 }
}

`
Make sure you are sending the right `Host` header. In your configuration you are sending `localhost` as `Host` to the upstream server. This will not work as you have noticed correctly.


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this redis incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
redis - ERR unknown command 'HELLO' (RedisClient::CommandError)
"I have enabled Redis locally, but an error occurred while running the script. What should I do to resolve this?"
```
`/home/linlin/.asdf/installs/ruby/3.1.2/lib/ruby/gems/3.1.0/gems/redis-client-0.11.1/lib/redis_client/connection_mixin.rb:48:in `call_pipelined': ERR unknown command 'HELLO' (RedisClient::CommandError)
 from /home/linlin/.asdf/installs/ruby/3.1.2/lib/ruby/gems/3.1.0/gems/redis-client-0.11.1/lib/redis_client.rb:678:in `block in connect'
 from /home/linlin/.asdf/installs/ruby/3.1.2/lib/ruby/gems/3.1.0/gems/redis-client-0.11.1/lib/redis_client/middlewares.rb:16:in `call'
 from /home/linlin/.asdf/installs/ruby/3.1.2/lib/ruby/gems/3.1.0/gems/redis-client-0.11.1/lib/redis_client.rb:677:in `connect'
 from /home/linlin/.asdf/installs/ruby/3.1.2/lib/ruby/gems/3.1.0/gems/redis-client-0.11.1/lib/redis_client.rb:647:in `raw_connection'
 from /home/linlin/.asdf/installs/ruby/3.1.2/lib/ruby/gems/3.1.0/gems/redis-client-0.11.1/lib/redis_client.rb:614:in `ensure_connected'
 from /home/linlin/.asdf/installs/ruby/3.1.2/lib/ruby/gems/3.1.0/gems/redis-client-0.11.1/lib/redis_client.rb:349:in `pipelined'
 from /home/linlin/.asdf/installs/ruby/3.1.2/lib/ruby/gems/3.1.0/gems/redis-client-0.11.1/lib/redis_client/decorator.rb:51:in `pipelined'
 from /home/linlin/.asdf/installs/ruby/3.1.2/lib/ruby/gems/3.1.0/gems/sidekiq-7.0.1/lib/sidekiq/client.rb:214:in `block in raw_push'
 from /home/linlin/.asdf/installs/ruby/3
```

[Assistant]
Setting the protocol version to `2` will resolve the error for most of the cases, or you can choose to upgrade the redis-client version above 6.
The redis protocol version can be set to either 1 or 2.
Protocol version 2 is an enhanced protocol version introduced in Redis 6.0.
You can add the protocol something like below to redis config,
`Sidekiq.configure_client do |config|
 config.redis = {
 url: Rails.application.credentials.config[:REDIS_URL],
 protocol: 2,
 }
end
`


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this kubernetes incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Stopping all pods in Kubernetes cluster before running database migration job

I deploy my App into the Kubernetes cluster using Helm. App works with database, so i have to run db migrations before installing new version of the app. I run migrations with Kubernetes Job object using Helm "pre-upgrade" hook.
The problem is when the migration job starts old version pods are still working with database. They can block objects in database and because of that migration job may fail.
So, i want somehow to automatically stop all the pods in cluster before migration job starts. Is there any way to do that using Kubernetes + Helm? Will appreciate all the answers.
```

[Assistant]
There are two ways I can see that you can do this.
First option is to scale down the pods before the deployment (for example, via Jenkins, CircleCI, GitLab CI, etc)
```
`kubectl scale --replicas=0 -n {namespace} {deployment-name}
helm install .....
`
```
The second option (which might be easier depending on how you want to maintain this going forward) is to add an additional pre-upgrade hook with a higher priority than the migrations hook so it runs before the upgrade job; and then use that do the `kubectl` scale down.


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this azure incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Telemetry stuck at 1.0.6 despite upgrade --all true

## Describe the bug

**Command Name**
`az upgrade`

**Errors:**
```
Prompted that I have "1 updates available" which transpires is the telemetry component as it is stuck at 1.0.6 and despite upgrading CLI via az upgrade --all true and trying a full repair of the CLI still the update is not triggered.

As an extra piece of feedback 1 update**s** is not grammatically correct, should read 1 update available.
```

## To Reproduce:
Steps to reproduce the behavior. Note that argument values have been redacted, as they may contain sensitive information.

- _Put any pre-requisite steps here..._
- `az upgrade --all true`

## Expected Behavior

Update core CLI, associated components and extensions as applicable.

## Environment Summary
```
Windows-10-10.0.25179-SP0
Python 3.10.5
Installer: MSI

azure-cli 2.39.0

Extensions:
appservice-kube 0.1.7
connectedk8s 1.2.11
customlocation 0.1.3
k8s-extension 1.2.6
logicapp 0.1.2

Dependencies:
msal 1.18.0b1
azure-mgmt-resource 21.1.0b1
```
## Additional Context

<!--Please don't remove this:-->
<!--auto-generated-->
```

[Assistant]
This is because this line is not updated in Azure CLI 2.39.0:

https://github.com/Azure/azure-cli/blob/815fd96ccd3aa181c13ab2999fbe4b40e6b6fe7e/src/azure-cli-telemetry/azure/cli/telemetry/__init__.py#L13

It was changed by #23530 to

https://github.com/Azure/azure-cli/blob/5c12e9946f9e449763ccc9a12023298d4ba9c94e/src/azure-cli-telemetry/azure/cli/telemetry/__init__.py#L13

Next version 2.40.0 will have it fixed.


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this kubernetes incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Unable to connect to AWS EKS cluster

I am configuring an EKS cluster using terraform in a private subnet and trying to access it using a VPN in a public subnet. When I configured it, it works fine but now when I run kubectl get pods or kubectl get svc, it is throwing an error:
`error: exec plugin: invalid apiVersion "client.authentication.k8s.io/v1alpha1"`
I don't know why it is happening. Please reply if you the solution.
Thanks
```

[Assistant]
It's broken with `kubectl` version `1.24`. Downgrade to `1.23.6` will fix the issue for now
```
`sudo apt install kubectl=1.23.6-00
`
```


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this terraform incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
│ Error: Unsupported argument
│
│ on .terraform\modules\asyncfunction\kv.tf line 8, in resource "azurerm_key_vault" "main":
│ 8: rbac_authorization_enabled = true
│
│ An argument named "rbac_authorization_enabled" is not expected here.
╵

##[error]Terraform command 'plan' failed with exit code '1'.
##[error]╷
│ Error: Unsupported argument
│
│ on .terraform\modules\asyncfunction\kv.tf line 8, in resource "azurerm_key_vault" "main":
│ 8: rbac_authorization_enabled = true
│
│ An argument named "rbac_authorization_enabled" is not expected here.
╵
```

### Expected Behaviour

_No response_

### Actual Behaviour

_No response_

### Steps to Reproduce

_No response_

### Important Factoids

_No response_

### References

_No response_
```

[Assistant] Closing based on the response above and no further response from the issue author


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this postgresql incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
psycopg2-binary installation into a virtual environment fails when trying to compile source code

I am trying to install `psycopg2-binary` into my Django project. I am using a virtual environment and the command I'm running is
`pip install psycopg2-binary`
However, I'm getting a massive error message, the gist of it is this:
```
` Error: pg_config executable not found.

 pg_config is required to build psycopg2 from source. Please add the directory
 containing pg_config to the $PATH or specify the full executable path with the
 option:

 python setup.py build_ext --pg-config /path/to/pg_config build ...

 or with the pg_config option in 'setup.cfg'.

 If you prefer to avoid building psycopg2 from source, please install the PyPI
 'psycopg2-binary' package instead.
`
```
But, hey, I'm installing exactly 'psycopg2-binary'
Why am I getting all this mess?
```

[Assistant]
Pip cannot find you processor+OS at https://pypi.org/project/psycopg2-binary/2.9.2/#files so it tried to install from sources (the last file at the page) and failed.
Compiling from sources is currently the only way. If you can donate some spare processor cycles to the Psycopg2 authors they perhaps could start compiling and publishing wheels for OSX on M1.


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this azure incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Unable to remove URL from Azure App Registrations

I'm trying to remove a specific URL from Azure App Registrations. I tried the below command.
```
`az ad app update --id --remove web-redirect-uris 0
`
```
I used '0' (Index) as it doesn't allow us to delete the URL value. But it gives below error.
```
`Couldn't find 'web' in 'web.redirect'. Available options: []
`
```
UPDATED
```
`az rest \
 --method PATCH \
 --uri "https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/applications/" \
 --headers 'Content-Type=application/json' \
 --body “{web:{redirectUris: https://URL1}}”

unrecognized arguments: https://URL1}}”
`
```
New
```
`az rest \
 --method "delete" \
 --uri "https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/applications/" \
 --headers "{'Content-Type': 'application/json'}" \
 --body "{'web': 'redirectUris': [ 'https://URL1' ] }"
`
```
```

[Assistant]
As per august 2022, it is not supported anymore (due to MS Graph Migration).
From the documentation:

Generic update arguments `--add`, `--set` and `--remove` currently don't work. You may use `az rest` to directly call Microsoft Graph API for non-supported properties.

You can track the github issue here: Azure CLI cannot set values on nested properties.
so in your case something like that should work
```
`az rest \
 --method "patch" \
 --uri "https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/applications/" \
 --headers "{'Content-Type': 'application/json'}" \
 --body "{'web': 'redirectUris': [ 'https://URL1' ] }"
`
```


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this terraform incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
google_secret_manager_secret_version panics if reading secret value returns API error
panic: interface conversion: interface {} is *url.Error, not []interface {}
FAIL	github.com/hashicorp/terraform-provider-google-beta/google-beta/services/secretmanager	5.366s
Test / read should have failed gracefully

### Actual Behavior

`panic: interface conversion: interface {} is *url.Error, not []interface {}`

### Steps to reproduce

1. `terraform apply` in a way that triggers an error while fetching the payload value

### Important Factoids

The problem is that `flattenSecretManagerSecretVersionPayload` sometimes returns an error, but that's not a valid return value - the calling code expects a `[]interface{}`. Basically if there's an API error reading the secret value, this will always panic. Probably the logic should be in a [custom decoder](https://googlecloudplatform.github.io/magic-modules/develop/custom-code/#decoder) instead (because that can return an error meaningfully).

Template that defines `flattenSecretManagerSecretVersionPayload` is [/mmv1/templates/terraform/custom_flatten/secret_version_access.go.tmpl](https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/magic-modules/blob/main/mmv1/templates/terraform/custom_flatten/secret_version_access.go.tmpl)

Note that this template is shared with `RegionalSecretVersion` so any updates would need to be made there as well.

### References

https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/magic-modules/pull/14230#issuecomment-3169394783

b/437430452
```

[Assistant]
This should be resolved by https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/magic-modules/pull/15082.

---

I'm going to lock this issue because it has been closed for _30 days_ ⏳. This helps our maintainers find and focus on the active issues.
If you have found a problem that seems similar to this, please open a new issue and complete the issue template so we can capture all the details necessary to investigate further.


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this mongodb incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
mongomock BulkOperationBuilder.add_update() unexpected keyword argument 'sort'

I'm testing a function that performs a bulk upsert using UpdateOne with bulk_write. In production (using the real MongoDB client) everything works fine, but when running tests with `mongomock` I get this error:
`app.mongodb.exceptions.CatalogException: failure in mongo repository function `batch_upsert_catalog_by_sku`: BulkOperationBuilder.add_update() got an unexpected keyword argument 'sort'
`
I don't pass any sort parameter in my code. Here's the relevant function:
`def batch_upsert_catalog_by_sku(self, items: List[CatalogBySkuWrite]) -> None:
 operations = []
 current_time = datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone.utc)
 for item in items:
 update_fields = item.model_dump()
 update_fields["updated_at"] = current_time

 operations.append(
 UpdateOne(
 {"sku": item.sku, "chain_id": item.chain_id},
 {
 "$set": update_fields,
 "$setOnInsert": {"created_at": current_time},
 },
 upsert=True,
 )
 )

 if operations:
 result = self.collection.bulk_write(operations)
 logger.info("Batch upsert completed",
 matched=result.matched_count,
 upserted=result.upserted_count,
 modified=result.modified_count)
`
Has anyone seen this error with mongomock? Is it a version issue or a bug, and what would be a good workaround? I'm using mongomock version `4.3.0` and pymongo version `4.11`.
Thanks!
```

[Assistant]
This seem to be related to pymongo version 4.11.
In 4.10.1, the method `_add_to_bulk` in the class `UpdateOne` here calls `add_update` this way:
` def _add_to_bulk(self, bulkobj: _AgnosticBulk) -> None:
 """Add this operation to the _AsyncBulk/_Bulk instance `bulkobj`."""
 bulkobj.add_update(
 self._filter,
 self._doc,
 False,
 bool(self._upsert),
 collation=validate_collation_or_none(self._collation),
 array_filters=self._array_filters,
 hint=self._hint,
 )
`
However, in the current release (4.11), here, it calls it this way:
` def _add_to_bulk(self, bulkobj: _AgnosticBulk) -> None:
 """Add this operation to the _AsyncBulk/_Bulk instance `bulkobj`."""
 bulkobj.add_update(
 self._filter,
 self._doc,
 False,
 bool(self._upsert),
 collation=validate_collation_or_none(self._collation),
 array_filters=self._array_filters,
 hint=self._hint,
 sort=self._sort,
 )
`
Latest version of mongomock does not seem to support the `sort` parameter, check here
Forcing pymongo to version
I have opened an issue in mongomock repository.


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this postgresql incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Postgres container failed to start with initdb error. popen failure: Cannot allocate memory

I'm using `postgres:12` Docker image on AWS instance under Ubuntu 20.04.
```
` postgres-tests:
 image: "postgres:12"
 restart: always
 command: postgres -c 'max_connections=200'
 environment:
 POSTGRES_DB: "${POSTGRES_DATABASE}"
 POSTGRES_USER: "${POSTGRES_USER}"
 POSTGRES_PASSWORD: "${POSTGRES_PASSWORD}"
 ports:
 - "8396:5432"

`
```
When running this container with `docker-compose up -d` it fails to start with the following error:
```
`postgres-tests_1 | popen failure: Cannot allocate memory
postgres-tests_1 | initdb: error: The program "postgres" is needed by initdb but was not found in the
postgres-tests_1 | same directory as "/usr/lib/postgresql/12/bin/initdb".
postgres-tests_1 | Check your installation.

`
```
The error appeared suddenly after most-resent project deploy. The important thing is that the error happens only with this particular container. There is one more `postgresql:12` container on the machine for another project, which works fine.
HERE IS WHAT I TRIED:

I've found several suggestions related to increasing the `shmall`/`shmmax` params controlling shared memory on the machine.

But these system params are already set to high value:
```
`ubuntu@ip-172-31-10-246:/var/www$ cat /proc/sys/kernel/shmall
18446744073692774399
ubuntu@ip-172-31-10-246:/var/www$ cat /proc/sys/kernel/shmmax
18446744073692774399
ubuntu@ip-172-31-10-246:/var/www$

`
```

The second suggested
```

[Assistant]
Maintainers of the postgres docker images have updated the underlying OS image layer:
Previous: Debian 11 (bullseye)
New: Debian 12 (bookworm)
This was pushed up to hub.docker.com on 15 Jun 2023.
The move to this container is causing a lot of builds to throw errors and exceptions like the one noted in the question:

`initdb: error: The program "postgres" is needed by initdb but was not found in the same directory as "/usr/lib/postgresql/12/bin/initdb".`

The mitigation route is to use the following conatiner:

`postgres:12-bullseye`

The maintainers will keep providing `bullseye` variants until the Postgres version is EOL or Debian moves to their latest `Trixie`
Issues can be found here:

Postgres:12 container is not starting anymore #1103
Postgres container failing with initdb error: `program “postgres” is needed by initdb but was not found`


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this nodejs incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Turbopack Error: Next.js package not found

Turbopack version: `v15.4.0-canary.129-16-g27a271bd6`
Next.js version: `0.0.0`

Error message:
```
Next.js package not found

Debug info:
- Execution of subscribe_issues_and_diags_operation failed
- Execution of endpoint_server_changed_operation failed
- Execution of pick_endpoint failed
- Execution of entrypoints_without_collectibles_operation failed
- Execution of Project::entrypoints failed
- Execution of AppProject::routes failed
- Execution of directory_tree_to_entrypoints_internal failed
- Execution of directory_tree_to_loader_tree failed
- Execution of get_next_package failed
- Next.js package not found
```
```

[Assistant]
This discussion appears to be a duplicate of #78192.

Please follow the discussion there: https://github.com/vercel/next.js/discussions/78192

---
*This comment was added automatically by discussion consolidation tool. If you believe this is in error, feel free to re-open the discussion.*


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this redis incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Ruby on Rails Redis connection_pool wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 0)

I recently encountered an issue deploying a Ruby on Rails app to production (on Render) whereby the app would not build and rake tasks would not run. The application would build and launch fine in development and was previously running fine in production too.
The error suggested some kind of Redis issue:
```
`rake aborted!
ArgumentError: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 0) (ArgumentError)
/opt/render/project/.gems/ruby/3.4.0/gems/connection_pool-3.0.2/lib/connection_pool.rb:48:in 'initialize'
/opt/render/project/.gems/ruby/3.4.0/gems/activesupport-8.1.1/lib/active_support/cache/redis_cache_store.rb:163:in 'Class#new'
`
```
I tried (and failed) to debug the commit (which was a new feature so ~90 files changed) and couldn't find anything by searching, so I wanted to share the final solution in case anyone else has similar issues.
```

[Assistant]
The issue turned out to be a result of the Sidekiq gem being updated to `8.1.0` which in turn requires `connection_pool` to be at version `>= 3.0.0`. This then introduced a compatibility issue between `connection_pool` and Rails 8.1 (specifically `ActiveSupport`).
The issue
The `connection_pool` gem released version 3.0 recently, which removed support for passing configuration as a positional hash (a legacy Ruby behavior). However, the `RedisCacheStore` in Rails 8.1.1 is still instantiating the pool using the old style, causing the `ArgumentError`.
The fix
Downgrading `connection_pool` to v2 solved the issue. It wasn't specifically referenced in my Gemfile, so I added the following line:
`gem 'connection_pool', '~> 2.4.1'`
And then running:
`bundle update connection_pool`
This also results in Sidekiq being downgraded to `7.3.10`.
(Additionally, I needed to update the Dependabot config to prevent it from automatically upgrading `connection_pool` and `sidekiq` using the following:
```
`version: 2
updates:
 - package-ecosystem: bundler
 directory: '/'
 schedule:
 interval: daily
 open-pull-requests-limit: 10
 ignore:
 - dependency-name: 'connection_pool'
 versions: ['>= 3.0']
 - dependency-name: 'sidekiq'
 versions: ['>= 8.1']

 - package-ecosystem: github-actions
 directory: '/'
 schedule:
 interval: daily
 open-pull-requests-limit: 10
`
```
Update
The above fix rolled back Sidekiq further than I would have liked it to. Instead, I have now removed the following line:
`gem "connection_pool", "
And instead pinned Sidekiq it at the previously working 8.0 version:
`gem "sidekiq", "8.0.10"`
See GitHub issue: Error after updating to 3.0.2: wrong number of arguments #212.


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this nodejs incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
Intermittent Hydration Error After Page Reload with Better Auth getSession()

### Summary

## Issue:
Intermittent Hydration failed error that appears only after one or multiple 'F5' or 'Crlt + Shift + r' reloads (non-deterministic timing - sometimes 2 reloads, sometimes 10+).
Error occurs exclusively in (auth)/... route, never in (routes)/....

### Environment:

Next.js 16.1.6 (Turbopack)
React 19
Better Auth for authentication

### Tests Performed (all unsuccessful):

✅ Removed [ThemeProvider](vscode-file://vscode-app/c:/Users/adm-vitor/AppData/Local/Programs/Microsoft%20VS%20Code/resources/app/out/vs/code/electron-browser/workbench/workbench.html) completely → error persists
✅ Removed [Toaster](vscode-file://vscode-app/c:/Users/adm-vitor/AppData/Local/Programs/Microsoft%20VS%20Code/resources/app/out/vs/code/electron-browser/workbench/workbench.html) → error persists
✅ Removed [DynamicThemeToggle](vscode-file://vscode-app/c:/Users/adm-vitor/AppData/Local/Programs/Microsoft%20VS%20Code/resources/app/out/vs/code/electron-browser/workbench/workbench.html) → error persists
✅ Added [suppressHydrationWarning](vscode-file://vscode-app/c:/Users/adm-vitor/AppData/Local/Programs/Microsoft%20VS%20Code/resources/app/out/vs/code/electron-browser/workbench/workbench.html) to all elements → error persists
✅ Tested in Incognito mode (no extensions) → error persists
✅ Removed [enableSystem](vscode-file://vscode-app/c:/Users/adm-vitor/AppData/Local/Programs/Microsoft%20VS%20Code/resources/ap
```

[Assistant]
I'd move the authentication check to Middleware (`src/middleware.ts`). This prevents the request from ever reaching the Layout/React rendering phase if a redirect is needed, eliminating the race condition.

```tsx
import { NextResponse, type NextRequest } from "next/server";
import { getSessionCookie } from "better-auth/cookies"; // you said you were using better-auth

export async function middleware(request: NextRequest) {
 const { pathname } = request.nextUrl;
 const isAuthRoute = pathname.startsWith("/sign-in") || pathname.startsWith("/sign-up");

 const sessionCookie = getSessionCookie(request);

 // If user is logged in and trying to access auth pages -> redirect to home page
 if (sessionCookie && isAuthRoute) {
 return NextResponse.redirect(new URL("/", request.url));
 }

 return NextResponse.next();
}

export const config = {
 matcher: [
 // Apply to your auth routes
 "/sign-in",
 "/sign-up",
 ],
};
```

than update `src/app/(pages)/(auth)/layout.tsx` : remove the async, the headers and the redirect logic from there


[System]
You are an expert DevOps engineer and SRE. Analyze the provided error logs, stack traces, or incident descriptions.

Your response should include:
1. **Root Cause**: What is causing this issue
2. **Severity**: Low / Medium / High / Critical
3. **Fix**: Step-by-step solution to resolve the issue
4. **Prevention**: How to prevent this in the future (optional)

Be direct, specific, and actionable. Reference exact commands, config changes, or code fixes when applicable.

[User]
Analyze this nginx incident and provide diagnosis and fix:

```
How to correctly deploy/setup NestJS backend using Nginx?

I'm trying to deploy my webapplication using Angular and NestJs using Nginx on an Ubuntu remote server.
I got the frontend working on https://ikse.fransenit.nl/products but cannot get the backend to work. It was working fine locally. When I try to go to /api/products I get a 502 bad gateway.
When starting the NestJS backend:

nginx config
```
`server {
 listen 80 default_server;
 listen [::]:80 default_server;

 root /var/www/ikse/html;

 server_name ikse.fransenit.nl www.ikse.fransenit.nl;

 index index.html index.htm;

 location / {
 # First attempt to serve request as file, then
 # as directory, then fall back to displaying a 404.
 try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
 # proxy_pass http://localhost:8080;
 # proxy_http_version 1.1;
 # proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
 # proxy_set_header Connection 'upgrade';
 # proxy_set_header Host $host;
 # proxy_cache_bypass $http_upgrade;
 }

 location /api/ {
 proxy_pass https://localhost:3000;
 }

 listen [::]:443 ssl; # managed by Certbot
 listen 443 ssl; # managed by Certbot
 ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/ikse.fransenit.nl/fullchain.pem; # managed by Certbot
 ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/ikse.fransenit.nl/privkey.pem; # managed by Certbot
 include /etc/letsencrypt/options-ssl-nginx.conf; # managed by Certbot
 ssl_dhparam /etc/letsencrypt/ssl-dhparams.pem; # managed by Certbot
}
`
```
What am I missing and/or doing wrong?
```

[Assistant] I don't know if you resolved it, but I think you should add `/api/` at the end of `https://localhost:3000` in the `proxy_pass` option. Because with the current configuration you need to make `https://doma.in.com/api/api/profile`