---
language:
- ne
license: other
license_name: government-public-domain-np
multilinguality:
- monolingual
size_categories:
- 10K<n<100K
source_datasets:
- original
task_categories:
- text-generation
- fill-mask
task_ids:
- language-modeling
pretty_name: Ministry of Finance Nepal Nepali Corpus
tags:
- nepali
- government
- finance
- ministry-progress-report
- devanagari
- nepal
- ocr-cleaned
- budget
- fiscal-policy
annotations_creators:
- machine-generated
language_creators:
- found
---

# 💰 Ministry of Finance Nepal — Nepali Government Finance Corpus

## Dataset Summary

A cleaned Nepali-language text corpus extracted from official **Ministry of Finance (MoF), Nepal** ministry-wise progress reports published on `mof.gov.np`. The corpus spans fiscal years **2072/73 – 2080/81** (approximately 2015–2024), covering budget implementation, ministry-level expenditure, program progress, and financial reporting across all government ministries of Nepal.

Each row is a self-contained chunk of Nepali text (~300–1200 characters), filtered from mixed Nepali/English content, cleaned of OCR artifacts, and annotated with metadata including fiscal year, source filename, and content type.

---

## Dataset Structure

### Splits

| Split | Rows |
|-------|------|
| train | ~8,000 |
| validation | ~1,000 |
| test | ~1,000 |
| **total** | **~10,000** |

> Exact counts depend on `MIN_CHARS`/`MAX_CHARS` settings at generation time.

### Fields

| Field | Type | Description |
|-------|------|-------------|
| `text` | string | Cleaned Nepali text chunk (300–1200 chars) |
| `id` | string | Unique chunk ID — format: `mof-{source_id}-{chunk_id}` |
| `chunk_global_id` | int | Global chunk index across all sources |
| `chunk_local_id` | int | Chunk index within its source file |
| `source_id` | int | Source block number |
| `source_filename` | string | Inner PDF/source filename |
| `outer_file` | string | Outer merged file this source came from |
| `fiscal_year` | string | Fiscal year extracted from filename (e.g. `2073-74`) |
| `char_count` | int | Character count of this chunk |
| `nepali_char_ratio` | float | Fraction of Devanagari characters (0.0–1.0) |
| `content_type` | string | Semantic content category (see below) |
| `language` | string | ISO 639-1: `ne` (Nepali) |
| `script` | string | ISO 15924: `Deva` (Devanagari) |
| `domain` | string | `government_finance` |
| `country` | string | `NP` (Nepal) |
| `organization` | string | `Ministry of Finance, Nepal (MoF)` |
| `document_type` | string | `ministry_progress_report` |
| `license` | string | `public_domain_gov_np` |
| `dataset_version` | string | `1.0` |
| `created_date` | string | Date dataset was generated (YYYY-MM-DD) |

### Content Types

| Value | Description |
|-------|-------------|
| `report_narrative` | Main body text of progress reports |
| `policy_text` | Budget policy, legal, or regulatory passages |
| `table_data` | Numeric, expenditure, or tabular content |
| `table_of_contents` | TOC sections with page references |
| `abbreviations` | Abbreviation or glossary lists |
| `appendix` | Annexure / appendix / schedule sections |
| `other` | Miscellaneous short passages |

---

## Source Documents

| Fiscal Year | Document |
|-------------|----------|
| 2072/73 | मन्त्रालयगत प्रगति विवरण (Ministry-wise Progress Report) |
| 2073/74 | Ministrywise Progress 2073-74 |
| 2074/75 | प्रगति विवरण सम्पादन |
| 2075/76 | मन्त्रालयगत प्रगति विवरण २०७५ |
| 2076/77 | मन्त्रालयगत प्रगति 2076 |
| 2077/78 | मन्त्रालयगत प्रगति विवरण_2077 |
| 2078/79 | मन्त्रालयगत प्रगति विवरण २०७८-७९ |
| 2079/80 | मन्त्रालयगत प्रगति विवरण २०७८ |
| 2080/81 | MoF Annual Report 2080.81 |
| Various | एकीकृत वित्तीय विवरण (NPSAS-based Integrated Financial Report) |

---

## Data Collection & Processing

### Source

All documents were sourced from [mof.gov.np](https://www.mof.gov.np) — the official website of the Ministry of Finance, Government of Nepal. Documents are publicly available government publications. The raw text was pre-extracted from PDFs and merged into a single `.txt` file with `FILE:` / `फाइल:` section headers.

### File Structure

The source file has a nested structure handled automatically by the parser:

```
FILE: merged_nepalimof1.txt          ← outer wrapper file
  फाइल: actualpdf1.txt              ← inner source (parsed as individual block)
  फाइल: actualpdf2.txt              ← inner source
FILE: MoF Annual Report 2080.81.txt  ← direct content block
```

Each inner block or direct content block becomes a separate source in the dataset, traceable via `source_id`, `source_filename`, and `outer_file`.

### Cleaning Pipeline

| Step | What was removed / fixed |
|------|--------------------------|
| English-only lines | Lines with zero Nepali characters and >5 chars (tables of contents in English, headings, footnotes) |
| `[Page N]` markers | Extractor-inserted page labels |
| `(cid:N)` sequences | Corrupt PDF glyph encoding artifacts |
| TOC dot leaders | Runs of 4+ dots collapsed to `…` |
| Unicode replacement char `U+FFFD` | Bad bytes from encoding errors |
| Private-use area chars `U+E000–U+F8FF` | PDF internal glyph references |
| Box-drawing chars `─` | Separator line artifacts |
| Cedilla `¸` | OCR noise character |
| OCR space injection — Rule 1 | Space inserted before a vowel sign (matra); matras cannot start a Nepali word. Example: `सशु ासि` → `सशुासि` |
| OCR space injection — Rule 2 | Matra + space + 1–2 char Devanagari fragment = mid-word OCR split. Example: `कायहि रू` → `कायहिरू` |
| Double spaces | Collapsed to single space |
| NFC normalization | Unicode canonical composition applied |

### Chunking Strategy

- Lines filtered for Nepali content, then grouped into paragraphs
- Paragraphs merged until chunk reaches **300–1200 characters**
- Any chunk where less than 30% of characters are Devanagari is discarded
- Very short final segments are appended to the previous chunk

> Note: The Nepali threshold is set slightly lower (30%) than the MoHA/Law Commission datasets because MoF reports mix Devanagari numerals, budget codes, and some English ministry acronyms within otherwise Nepali sentences.

---

## Example Row

```json
{
  "text": "नेपालको संविधानको धारा ११९ को उपधारा (२) मा प्रत्येक आर्थिक वर्षको वार्षिक अनुमान व्यवस्थापिका संसद समक्ष पेश गर्दा अघिल्लो आर्थिक वर्षमा प्रत्येक मन्त्रालयलाई छुट्याइएको रकम र त्यस्तो खर्च अनुसारको लक्ष्य हासिल भयो वा भएन त्यसको विवरण पनि साथै पेश गर्नुपर्ने व्यवस्था रहेको छ।",
  "id": "mof-002-0001",
  "chunk_global_id": 12,
  "chunk_local_id": 1,
  "source_id": 2,
  "source_filename": "Ministrywise Progress 2073-74_20170530090116.pdf",
  "outer_file": "merged_nepalimof1 (1).txt",
  "fiscal_year": "2073-74",
  "char_count": 298,
  "nepali_char_ratio": 0.8523,
  "content_type": "policy_text",
  "language": "ne",
  "script": "Deva",
  "domain": "government_finance",
  "country": "NP",
  "organization": "Ministry of Finance, Nepal (MoF)",
  "document_type": "ministry_progress_report",
  "license": "public_domain_gov_np",
  "dataset_version": "1.0",
  "created_date": "2025-04-26"
}
```

---

## Comparison with Related Nepali Government Datasets

| | MoHA Nepal | Law Commission | **MoF Nepal** |
|--|--|--|--|
| Organization | Ministry of Home Affairs | Nepal Law Commission | **Ministry of Finance** |
| Domain | `government` | `legal` | **`government_finance`** |
| Topic | Security, administration | Law reform, legislation | **Budget, expenditure, fiscal policy** |
| Fiscal years | 2076/77–2082/83 | 2067/68–2081/82 | **2072/73–2080/81** |
| English mixing | Minimal | Moderate | **Moderate (budget codes, acronyms)** |
| Nepali threshold | 35% | 35% | **30%** |

---

## Intended Uses

- **Financial NLP** — Nepali budget and fiscal policy text understanding
- **Language model pre-training** — Nepali government finance domain corpus
- **Named entity recognition** — Ministry names, program names, fiscal year detection in Nepali
- **Summarization** — Ministry-wise progress summarization in Nepali
- **Low-resource NLP** — Nepali financial/government language is extremely under-resourced
- **Cross-lingual research** — paired with English MoF documents for translation tasks

---

## Limitations

- OCR quality varies by year — documents from 2072/73 and 2073/74 have higher noise levels due to older scanning
- Budget tables (`table_data` chunks) may have incomplete rows due to PDF multi-column extraction
- Some English budget codes and acronyms (e.g. `MTEF`, `PEFA`, `NPSAS`) are retained within otherwise Nepali sentences
- Fiscal year detection from filenames is heuristic — some chunks may show `(unknown)` fiscal year
- The corpus does not include the actual budget law (`Appropriation Act`) text, only progress reports

---

## License

All source documents are official publications of the Ministry of Finance, Government of Nepal, and are in the public domain under Nepal's government open publication policy. Released for research and educational use.

---

## Citation

```bibtex
@dataset{mof_nepal_nepali_2025,
  title     = {Ministry of Finance Nepal -- Nepali Government Finance Corpus},
  author    = {Ministry of Finance, Nepal (source) and dataset contributors},
  year      = {2025},
  url       = {https://huggingface.co/datasets/YOUR_USERNAME/mof-nepal-nepali},
  note      = {Extracted and cleaned from mof.gov.np official ministry-wise progress reports}
}
```

---

## Contact

For questions about this dataset, open a discussion on the dataset page.
For questions about the source documents, visit [mof.gov.np](https://www.mof.gov.np).