# Dendroaspis v0.2 โ€” Attack Campaign Ground Truth (machine-parseable mirror) # # This is the YAML mirror of CAMPAIGN.md. Every field here corresponds to a # section or row in the markdown document. Use this file when you need to # load campaign metadata programmatically; # # labels.csv is authoritative for what was actually labeled. meta: corpus_version: "v0.2" total_labeled_intervals: 61 total_categories: 22 total_attack_events: 705852 total_test_events: 2349965 test_partition_positive_rate: 0.3004 campaign_window_start_utc: "2026-04-19T22:09:18Z" campaign_window_end_utc: "2026-04-20T01:59:45Z" campaign_wallclock_hours_active: 3.23 host: platform: "Proxmox 8 / LXC container" distro: "Debian 12" operator_persona: user: "admin" uid: 1000 elevation_policy: "atomics that require root sudo internally; runner script never wrapped in sudo" elevated_persona: "container_root" elevated_uid: 0 atomic_red_team: repo: "https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team" pinned_sha: "e575444941e27787bdb1b6ab881628fc2cc904b9" cloned_at_utc: "2026-04-19T04:23:08Z" sensor: name: "Tetragon" version: "1.6.1" tracing_policies_dir: "reproduction/tetragon-configs" tracing_policy_count: 6 ground_truth_files: labels_csv: "data/labels.csv" yaml_mirror: "CAMPAIGN.yaml" trial_accounting: yaml_planned_intervals: 59 labels_csv_actual_intervals: 61 delta: 2 reconciliation: - technique: "T1543.002" planned_trials: 2 actual_trials: 3 reason: "Yaml v1.1 documented atomic 3 as Debian-distro-gated. The atomic ran anyway and produced a 23-second labeled interval containing the marker pair plus the prereq-failure trace. Yaml header was updated post-execution (commit 6865942 on 2026-04-21) but labels.csv was already frozen with 3 intervals." - technique: "CHAIN.CAP01" planned_trials: 1 actual_trials: 2 reason: "A second capstone trial was added during execution. Trial 2 is a degraded 4-atomic chain (T1059.004 step skipped at invocation due to a missing trial argument)." marker_convention: start_format: "/tmp/art_start__" end_format: "/tmp/art_end__" parser_regex: "/tmp/art_(start|end)_([A-Z0-9.]+)_(\\S+)" parser_module: "src/telemetry/tetragon_parser.py" labeler_module: "src/processing/art_labeler.py" orphan_end_policy: "drop" orphan_start_policy: "open_ended_to_stream_end" cleanup_position: "before_end_marker" # cleanup events labeled as attack cooldown_position: "after_end_marker" # cooldown silence labeled as benign inter_trial_cooldown_seconds: 5 # ============================================================ # Per-technique reference # ============================================================ # # Each technique entry shape: # id: ATT&CK ID (or paper-defined ID) # mitre_name: full MITRE ATT&CK name # tactic: ATT&CK tactic # n_trials: labeled intervals in labels.csv # n_events: attack events in test partition # degraded: bool โ€” true if any trial is degraded # atomics: list of atomics actually invoked at the pinned SHA # number: atomic test number # name: short Atomic Red Team test name # elevation: "user" | "root" # degraded: bool โ€” true if this specific atomic's trial is degraded # degraded_note: explanation if degraded # exclusions: list of atomics deliberately not run, with reasons # notes: technique-level provenance / context techniques: # --- Execution --- - id: "T1059.004" mitre_name: "Command and Scripting Interpreter: Unix Shell" tactic: "execution" n_trials: 3 n_events: 175797 degraded: false atomics: - { number: 1, name: "Create and Execute Bash Shell Script", elevation: "user" } - { number: 3, name: "Harvest SUID-bit binaries via find", elevation: "user" } - { number: 14, name: "Shell creation using awk", elevation: "user" } notes: "Largest-mass technique (24.9% of attack events). Locus of the labeling-granularity finding (paper ยง5.2): the dispatcher process driving every trial is itself bash, so harness scaffolding is co-labeled with the technique." - id: "T1059.006" mitre_name: "Command and Scripting Interpreter: Python" tactic: "execution" n_trials: 3 n_events: 22675 degraded: false atomics: - { number: 1, name: "Execute shell payload via python -c", elevation: "user" } - { number: 2, name: "Execute Python script files", elevation: "user" } - { number: 4, name: "Python pty.spawn into sh/bash", elevation: "user" } # --- Persistence --- - id: "T1053.003" mitre_name: "Scheduled Task/Job: Cron" tactic: "persistence" n_trials: 3 n_events: 11217 degraded: false atomics: - { number: 1, name: "Replace user crontab from referenced file", elevation: "user" } - { number: 2, name: "Drop script into every /etc/cron.* subfolder", elevation: "root" } - { number: 3, name: "Drop script under /etc/cron.d/", elevation: "root" } - id: "T1098.004" mitre_name: "Account Manipulation: SSH Authorized Keys" tactic: "persistence" n_trials: 1 n_events: 3569 degraded: false atomics: - { number: 1, name: "Append attacker public key to ~/.ssh/authorized_keys", elevation: "user" } notes: "Only one Linux atomic exists at the pinned ART SHA." - id: "T1543.002" mitre_name: "Create or Modify System Process: Systemd Service" tactic: "persistence" n_trials: 3 n_events: 47901 degraded: true atomics: - { number: 1, name: "Create systemd .service unit", elevation: "root", degraded: false } - { number: 2, name: "Create SysV-style init script", elevation: "root", degraded: false } - number: 3 name: "Create .service file with reload-and-modify" elevation: "root" degraded: true degraded_note: | ART's prereq script (-CheckPrereqs) hardcodes a Debian distro-rejection ("System must be Ubuntu, Kali OR CentOS") even though the underlying actions work on Debian. The trial's marker pair was emitted, the prereq-failure trace was logged, and the labeled 23-second window contains those events rather than a real systemd-service install. notes: "Yaml header was updated post-execution (2026-04-21) to document atomic 3 as dropped, but labels.csv was already frozen with all 3 intervals. Treat ~one-third of T1543.002 events as wrapper-noise." - id: "T1546.004" mitre_name: "Event Triggered Execution: Unix Shell Configuration Modification" tactic: "persistence" n_trials: 3 n_events: 11179 degraded: false atomics: - { number: 2, name: "Append command to ~/.bashrc", elevation: "user" } - { number: 5, name: "Append commands to user shell profile file", elevation: "user" } - { number: 4, name: "Append commands to system-wide shell profile", elevation: "root" } # --- Privilege Escalation --- - id: "T1548.001" mitre_name: "Abuse Elevation Control Mechanism: Setuid and Setgid" tactic: "privilege_escalation" n_trials: 3 n_events: 12461 degraded: false atomics: - { number: 3, name: "Set SUID flag on attacker-controlled binary", elevation: "root" } - { number: 7, name: "Modify binary POSIX capabilities via setcap", elevation: "root" } - { number: 9, name: "Recon for SUID-set files", elevation: "user" } - id: "T1548.003" mitre_name: "Abuse Elevation Control Mechanism: Sudo and Sudo Caching" tactic: "privilege_escalation" n_trials: 3 n_events: 24229 degraded: false atomics: - { number: 1, name: "Ordinary sudo invocation (cached creds)", elevation: "root" } - { number: 3, name: "Set unlimited sudo cache timeout via sudoers.d", elevation: "root" } - { number: 5, name: "Disable tty_tickets so cached creds apply across PTYs", elevation: "root" } - id: "T1574.006" mitre_name: "Hijack Execution Flow: Dynamic Linker Hijacking" tactic: "privilege_escalation" n_trials: 2 n_events: 7700 degraded: false atomics: - { number: 2, name: "Per-process injection via LD_PRELOAD env", elevation: "user" } - { number: 1, name: "System-wide injection via /etc/ld.so.preload", elevation: "root" } notes: "Only two Linux atomics exist at the pinned ART SHA." # --- Defense Evasion --- - id: "T1027" mitre_name: "Obfuscated Files or Information" tactic: "defense_evasion" n_trials: 1 n_events: 3705 degraded: false atomics: - { number: 1, name: "Decode base64-encoded payload into script and execute", elevation: "user" } notes: "Atomic exercises decode-and-execute on disk, not the encoding step. Only one Linux atomic at the pinned ART SHA." - id: "T1036.005" mitre_name: "Masquerading: Match Legitimate Name or Location" tactic: "defense_evasion" n_trials: 1 n_events: 3641 degraded: false atomics: - { number: 1, name: "Execute binary from masqueraded directory path", elevation: "user" } notes: "Only one Linux atomic at the pinned ART SHA." - id: "T1070.004" mitre_name: "Indicator Removal: File Deletion" tactic: "defense_evasion" n_trials: 3 n_events: 11224 degraded: false atomics: - { number: 1, name: "Delete a single attacker-created file", elevation: "user" } - { number: 2, name: "Delete an entire attacker-created directory", elevation: "user" } - { number: 3, name: "Overwrite-then-delete with shred", elevation: "user" } exclusions: - { number: 8, name: "Delete Filesystem - Linux", reason: "Would destroy the LXC container" } - id: "T1222.002" mitre_name: "File and Directory Permissions Modification: Linux" tactic: "defense_evasion" n_trials: 3 n_events: 11301 degraded: false atomics: - { number: 1, name: "chmod numeric-mode change", elevation: "user" } - { number: 5, name: "chown owner-and-group change", elevation: "user" } - { number: 9, name: "chattr immutable-attribute removal", elevation: "user" } - id: "T1562.001" mitre_name: "Impair Defenses: Disable or Modify Tools" tactic: "defense_evasion" n_trials: 3 n_events: 18610 degraded: false atomics: - { number: 1, name: "Disable rsyslog via systemctl", elevation: "root" } - { number: 39, name: "Clear shell history", elevation: "root" } - { number: 40, name: "Suspend shell history recording", elevation: "root" } exclusions: - { number: 41, name: "Reboot host", reason: "Destabilizes the test host" } - { number: 43, name: "Disable swap", reason: "Destabilizes the test host" } - { number: 59, name: "Disable ASLR", reason: "Reduces baseline reproducibility" } # --- Credential Access --- - id: "T1003.008" mitre_name: "OS Credential Dumping: /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow" tactic: "credential_access" n_trials: 3 n_events: 10999 degraded: false atomics: - { number: 1, name: "Read /etc/shadow via cat (root)", elevation: "root" } - { number: 3, name: "Read /etc/passwd as unprivileged user", elevation: "user" } - { number: 4, name: "Read /etc/{passwd,shadow} via non-cat binary", elevation: "root" } - id: "T1552.001" mitre_name: "Unsecured Credentials: Credentials In Files" tactic: "credential_access" n_trials: 3 n_events: 97493 degraded: false atomics: - { number: 1, name: "Search home dir for AWS credential files", elevation: "user" } - { number: 3, name: "Recursive grep for password-bearing strings across user dirs", elevation: "user" } - { number: 6, name: "Search for GitHub credentials in known config paths", elevation: "user" } # --- Discovery --- - id: "T1057" mitre_name: "Process Discovery" tactic: "discovery" n_trials: 1 n_events: 4062 degraded: false atomics: - { number: 1, name: "Enumerate running processes via ps", elevation: "user" } notes: "Only one Linux atomic at the pinned ART SHA." - id: "T1082" mitre_name: "System Information Discovery" tactic: "discovery" n_trials: 3 n_events: 12066 degraded: false atomics: - { number: 3, name: "List OS information via /etc/os-release and uname", elevation: "user" } - { number: 8, name: "Discover hostname via hostname/hostnamectl", elevation: "user" } - { number: 25, name: "List kernel modules via lsmod and /proc/modules", elevation: "user" } - id: "T1083" mitre_name: "File and Directory Discovery" tactic: "discovery" n_trials: 3 n_events: 154581 degraded: false atomics: - { number: 3, name: "Recursive Unix file/dir enumeration via find/ls (variant 1)", elevation: "user" } - { number: 4, name: "Recursive Unix file/dir enumeration (variant 2)", elevation: "user" } - { number: 8, name: "SMB/NFS network-share enumeration via smbclient/showmount", elevation: "user" } notes: "Second-largest technique by event mass (21.9% of attack events)." # --- Command and Control --- - id: "T1105" mitre_name: "Ingress Tool Transfer" tactic: "command_and_control" n_trials: 3 n_events: 11609 degraded: false atomics: - { number: 27, name: "Download-and-execute remote payload via curl/wget", elevation: "user" } - { number: 14, name: "Exfil-via-download using whois as the transport", elevation: "user" } - { number: 3, name: "scp push of local file to remote host", elevation: "user" } notes: "Mixed pull and push directions in the same technique row." # --- Initial Access (paper-defined research scenario) --- - id: "T1195.002" mitre_name: "Supply Chain Compromise: Compromise Software Supply Chain" tactic: "initial_access" n_trials: 8 n_events: 15703 degraded: false paper_defined: true track: "Track A" implementation: lineage: "npm -> node -> sh -> curl" synthetic_creds_path: "~/.fake_secrets/" exfil_endpoint: "127.0.0.1:8888 (loopback only)" persistence: "cron entry dropped on subset of trials, removed at trial end" modeled_after: "Shai-Hulud npm worm (publicly disclosed)" not_implemented: - "worm propagation" - "real-internet exfil" - "real credentials" - "sandbox escape" # --- Capstone (paper-defined chained scenario) --- - id: "CHAIN.CAP01" mitre_name: "Capstone Chain v0.1 (Supply-Chain Narrative)" tactic: "execution" n_trials: 2 n_events: 34130 degraded: true paper_defined: true sequence_full: - { step: 1, technique: "T1059.004", atomic: 1, label: "shell spawn" } - { step: 2, technique: "T1057", atomic: 1, label: "process discovery" } - { step: 3, technique: "T1003.008", atomic: 1, label: "/etc/shadow read" } - { step: 4, technique: "T1105", atomic: 27, label: "curl-to-loopback ingress (127.0.0.1:8888)" } - { step: 5, technique: "T1070.004", atomic: 1, label: "rm evidence cleanup" } trials: - trial: 1 sequence: "full" degraded: false - trial: 2 sequence: "T1057:1 -> T1003.008:1 -> T1105:27 -> T1070.004:1" degraded: true degraded_note: "T1059.004 step skipped at script invocation due to missing trial argument" labels_csv_notes_verbatim: "broken 4-atomic chain: T1057:1 -> T1003.008:1 -> T1105:27 -> T1070.004:1; T1059.004 skipped due to invocation arg error (trial arg missing)" notes: "Wrapped in a single (start, end) marker pair so the chained sequence is one labeled interval rather than five disconnected windows. Cleanup of every step runs inside the marker window; per-step cooldowns are suppressed to avoid fragmenting the chain with visible silences." # ============================================================ # Techniques deliberately excluded from the campaign # ============================================================ excluded_techniques: - id: "T1569.002" mitre_name: "System Services: Service Execution" reason: "Only Linux atomic at pinned SHA is psexec.py, which requires a remote target host. No remote target was provisioned." # ============================================================ # References # ============================================================ references: dendroaspis: "https://github.com/ryypow/dendroaspis" mitre_attack: "https://attack.mitre.org/" atomic_red_team_repo: "https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team" atomic_red_team_pinned_sha: "e575444941e27787bdb1b6ab881628fc2cc904b9" tetragon: "https://github.com/cilium/tetragon" shai_hulud_reference: "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/shai-hulud-npm-supply-chain/" paper_title: "Dendroaspis: Detecting Agent-Orchestrated Attacks on High-Entropy Workstations via eBPF and Mamba" paper_year: 2026 paper_author: "Ryan W. Powers" labels_csv_path: "data/labels.csv"