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"name": "Wheel of Heaven Theomachy Cross-References",
"description": "A cross-reference of the combat myth (chaoskampf) across the ancient traditions: a storm/order god defeating a chaos, sea, or dragon adversary. For each, the champion, the adversary, the form chaos takes, the weapon, the outcome, and the primary reference, with links to the digitized texts. CC0 public domain.",
"license": "CC0-1.0",
"landing_page": "https://www.wheelofheaven.world/datasets/theomachy-crossrefs/",
"columns": [
"id",
"tradition",
"source_text",
"reference",
"champion",
"adversary",
"chaos_form",
"weapon",
"outcome",
"woh_library"
],
"count": 8,
"rows": [
{
"id": "babylonian-marduk-tiamat",
"tradition": "Babylonian (Akkadian)",
"source_text": "Enūma Eliš",
"reference": "Tablet IV",
"champion": "Marduk (storm / order god)",
"adversary": "Tiamat (and her champion Qingu)",
"chaos_form": "Primordial salt-sea",
"weapon": "The four winds, a net, bow, and mace",
"outcome": "Tiamat's body split to form sky and earth; Marduk enthroned as king",
"woh_library": ""
},
{
"id": "ugaritic-baal-yam",
"tradition": "Ugaritic (Canaanite)",
"source_text": "Baal Cycle",
"reference": "KTU 1.2; 1.5",
"champion": "Baal (the storm-god)",
"adversary": "Yam (Sea/Judge River); the serpent Lôtan (= Leviathan)",
"chaos_form": "Sea; seven-headed serpent",
"weapon": "The maces Yagrush and Ayamur (forged by Kothar-wa-Ḫasis)",
"outcome": "Yam defeated; Baal acclaimed king",
"woh_library": "https://www.wheelofheaven.world/library/baal-cycle-woh/"
},
{
"id": "hebrew-yahweh-leviathan",
"tradition": "Hebrew / Biblical",
"source_text": "Psalms, Isaiah, Job",
"reference": "Ps 74:13–14; Isa 27:1; 51:9–10; Job 26:12–13",
"champion": "Yahweh",
"adversary": "Leviathan (Lôtan), Rahab, Tannin, the Sea",
"chaos_form": "Sea-dragon / twisting serpent",
"weapon": "Yahweh's rebuke and might",
"outcome": "The chaos-monster crushed at creation, re-enacted at the Exodus — the combat demythologized into poetry",
"woh_library": "https://www.wheelofheaven.world/library/psalms/"
},
{
"id": "greek-zeus-typhon",
"tradition": "Greek",
"source_text": "Hesiod, Theogony",
"reference": "Theogony 820–880",
"champion": "Zeus",
"adversary": "Typhoeus (Typhon)",
"chaos_form": "Hundred-headed earth-born monster",
"weapon": "The thunderbolt",
"outcome": "Typhon blasted and hurled to Tartarus (later, beneath Mt. Etna)",
"woh_library": ""
},
{
"id": "vedic-indra-vritra",
"tradition": "Vedic / Hindu",
"source_text": "Rig Veda",
"reference": "RV 1.32; Book 10",
"champion": "Indra",
"adversary": "Vṛtra (the dragon, ahi)",
"chaos_form": "Dragon enclosing the waters",
"weapon": "The vajra (thunderbolt, forged by Tvaṣṭṛ)",
"outcome": "Vṛtra slain; the pent-up seven rivers released",
"woh_library": "https://www.wheelofheaven.world/library/rig-veda-book-10/"
},
{
"id": "hittite-stormgod-illuyanka",
"tradition": "Hittite / Anatolian",
"source_text": "Illuyanka Myth",
"reference": "CTH 321",
"champion": "The Storm-god (Tarḫunna)",
"adversary": "The serpent Illuyanka",
"chaos_form": "Serpent / dragon",
"weapon": "Aided by the goddess Inara and the mortal Ḫupašiya",
"outcome": "The serpent defeated (two versions); recited at the purulli festival",
"woh_library": ""
},
{
"id": "egyptian-ra-apophis",
"tradition": "Egyptian",
"source_text": "Coffin Texts / Book of the Dead",
"reference": "Spells against Apep",
"champion": "Ra (the sun), defended by Set",
"adversary": "Apep (Apophis)",
"chaos_form": "Chaos-serpent of the netherworld",
"weapon": "Knives and spears",
"outcome": "Apep repelled each night on the solar barque, but never finally destroyed",
"woh_library": ""
},
{
"id": "christian-michael-dragon",
"tradition": "Christian",
"source_text": "Revelation",
"reference": "Revelation 12:7–9",
"champion": "Michael and his angels",
"adversary": "The great dragon (the ancient serpent, the Devil)",
"chaos_form": "Seven-headed dragon",
"weapon": "",
"outcome": "The dragon defeated and cast down to the earth — the combat myth in eschatological key",
"woh_library": "https://www.wheelofheaven.world/library/revelation/"
}
]
}
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