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Cascade Speculative Drafting for Even Faster LLM Inference
https://openreview.net/forum?id=lZY9u0ijP7
https://openreview.net/forum?id=lZY9u0ijP7
Ziyi Chen,Xiaocong Yang,Jiacheng Lin,Chenkai Sun,Kevin Chang,Jie Huang
NIPS 2024,Poster
Introduced to enhance the efficiency of large language model (LLM) inference, speculative decoding operates by having a smaller model generate a draft. A larger target model then reviews this draft to align with its output, and any acceptance by the target model results in a reduction of the number of the target model ...
https://openreview.net/pdf/7d6cf3bf7fac4f5e70a8ef98098a47f541169c34.pdf
Quantum Deep Equilibrium Models
https://openreview.net/forum?id=CWhwKb0Q4k
https://openreview.net/forum?id=CWhwKb0Q4k
Philipp Schleich,Marta Skreta,Lasse Bjørn Kristensen,Rodrigo Vargas-Hernandez,Alan Aspuru-Guzik
NIPS 2024,Poster
The feasibility of variational quantum algorithms, the most popular correspondent of neural networks on noisy, near-term quantum hardware, is highly impacted by the circuit depth of the involved parametrized quantum circuits (PQCs). Higher depth increases expressivity, but also results in a detrimental accumulation of ...
https://openreview.net/pdf/ee5a435e0f6ba173f8dfa3a37a2e0d0fbba4d37d.pdf
GraphMorph: Tubular Structure Extraction by Morphing Predicted Graphs
https://openreview.net/forum?id=hW5QWiCctl
https://openreview.net/forum?id=hW5QWiCctl
Zhao Zhang,Ziwei Zhao,Dong Wang,Liwei Wang
NIPS 2024,Poster
Accurately restoring topology is both challenging and crucial in tubular structure extraction tasks, such as blood vessel segmentation and road network extraction. Diverging from traditional approaches based on pixel-level classification, our proposed method, named GraphMorph, focuses on branch-level features of tubula...
https://openreview.net/pdf/1c697327e7b2306dcb3fa000f7f7712661179b29.pdf
Rapid Plug-in Defenders
https://openreview.net/forum?id=UMPedMhKWm
https://openreview.net/forum?id=UMPedMhKWm
Kai Wu,Yujian Betterest Li,Jian Lou,Xiaoyu Zhang,Handing Wang,Jing Liu
NIPS 2024,Poster
In the realm of daily services, the deployment of deep neural networks underscores the paramount importance of their reliability. However, the vulnerability of these networks to adversarial attacks, primarily evasion-based, poses a concerning threat to their functionality. Common methods for enhancing robustness involv...
https://openreview.net/pdf/cc7da26977f10358e4e756a435a638d2ad7405d3.pdf
Ordered Momentum for Asynchronous SGD
https://openreview.net/forum?id=U2Mx0hSRwA
https://openreview.net/forum?id=U2Mx0hSRwA
Chang-Wei Shi,Yi-Rui Yang,Wu-Jun Li
NIPS 2024,Poster
Distributed learning is essential for training large-scale deep models. Asynchronous SGD (ASGD) and its variants are commonly used distributed learning methods, particularly in scenarios where the computing capabilities of workers in the cluster are heterogeneous. Momentum has been acknowledged for its benefits in both...
https://openreview.net/pdf/70e16903503ce6fa76e9df2a300c8f95295f2509.pdf
Is the MMI Criterion Necessary for Interpretability? Degenerating Non-causal Features to Plain Noise for Self-Rationalization
https://openreview.net/forum?id=eAqcVZx30k
https://openreview.net/forum?id=eAqcVZx30k
Wei Liu,Zhiying Deng,Zhongyu Niu,Jun Wang,Haozhao Wang,YuanKai Zhang,Ruixuan Li
NIPS 2024,Poster
An important line of research in the field of explainability is to extract a small subset of crucial rationales from the full input. The most widely used criterion for rationale extraction is the maximum mutual information (MMI) criterion. However, in certain datasets, there are spurious features non-causally correlate...
https://openreview.net/pdf/2081235c67059bc2acdc065ef0fcce259f7eb1b5.pdf
Are More LLM Calls All You Need? Towards the Scaling Properties of Compound AI Systems
https://openreview.net/forum?id=m5106RRLgx
https://openreview.net/forum?id=m5106RRLgx
Lingjiao Chen,Jared Quincy Davis,Boris Hanin,Peter Bailis,Ion Stoica,Matei Zaharia,James Zou
NIPS 2024,Poster
Many recent state-of-the-art results in language tasks were achieved using compound systems that perform multiple Language Model (LM) calls and aggregate their responses. However, there is little understanding of how the number of LM calls -- e.g., when asking the LM to answer each question multiple times and taking a ...
https://openreview.net/pdf/933389eba2d451a433d83e7d55975efe12b0a17b.pdf
Hamiltonian Monte Carlo on ReLU Neural Networks is Inefficient
https://openreview.net/forum?id=aBmiyi7iA7
https://openreview.net/forum?id=aBmiyi7iA7
Vu C. Dinh,Lam Si Tung Ho,Cuong V. Nguyen
NIPS 2024,Poster
We analyze the error rates of the Hamiltonian Monte Carlo algorithm with leapfrog integrator for Bayesian neural network inference. We show that due to the non-differentiability of activation functions in the ReLU family, leapfrog HMC for networks with these activation functions has a large local error rate of $\Omega(...
https://openreview.net/pdf/942c535cbf05e39d929d1238b3c761fba01fa6da.pdf
A Method for Evaluating Hyperparameter Sensitivity in Reinforcement Learning
https://openreview.net/forum?id=4OJdZhcwBb
https://openreview.net/forum?id=4OJdZhcwBb
Jacob Adkins,Michael Bowling,Adam White
NIPS 2024,Poster
The performance of modern reinforcement learning algorithms critically relies on tuning ever increasing numbers of hyperparameters. Often, small changes in a hyperparameter can lead to drastic changes in performance, and different environments require very different hyperparameter settings to achieve state-of-the-art p...
https://openreview.net/pdf/8eff860c8489c171cf2a36abbbeddb2bfad51ac8.pdf
TransVIP: Speech to Speech Translation System with Voice and Isochrony Preservation
https://openreview.net/forum?id=ZpVTRQVX5b
https://openreview.net/forum?id=ZpVTRQVX5b
Chenyang Le,Yao Qian,Dongmei Wang,Long Zhou,Shujie LIU,Xiaofei Wang,Midia Yousefi,Yanmin Qian,Jinyu Li,Michael Zeng
NIPS 2024,Poster
There is a rising interest and trend in research towards directly translating speech from one language to another, known as end-to-end speech-to-speech translation. However, most end-to-end models struggle to outperform cascade models, i.e., a pipeline framework by concatenating speech recognition, machine translation ...
https://openreview.net/pdf/b8d1936c6491d6c912b49703bfa1f9d232db22ca.pdf
Adaptive Labeling for Efficient Out-of-distribution Model Evaluation
https://openreview.net/forum?id=uuQQwrjMzb
https://openreview.net/forum?id=uuQQwrjMzb
Daksh Mittal,Yuanzhe Ma,Shalmali Joshi,Hongseok Namkoong
NIPS 2024,Poster
Datasets often suffer severe selection bias; clinical labels are only available on patients for whom doctors ordered medical exams. To assess model performance outside the support of available data, we present a computational framework for adaptive labeling, providing cost-efficient model evaluations under severe distr...
https://openreview.net/pdf/4eefea64ae0afe13d30727e1893f662df3e3b799.pdf
NeuroBOLT: Resting-state EEG-to-fMRI Synthesis with Multi-dimensional Feature Mapping
https://openreview.net/forum?id=y6qhVtFG77
https://openreview.net/forum?id=y6qhVtFG77
Yamin Li,Ange Lou,Ziyuan Xu,SHENGCHAO ZHANG,Shiyu Wang,Dario J. Englot,Soheil Kolouri,Daniel Moyer,Roza G Bayrak,Catie Chang
NIPS 2024,Poster
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is an indispensable tool in modern neuroscience, providing a non-invasive window into whole-brain dynamics at millimeter-scale spatial resolution. However, fMRI is constrained by issues such as high operation costs and immobility. With the rapid advancements in cross-modalit...
https://openreview.net/pdf/7637d729304c503ef5c555a139062365ae9005dc.pdf
Bayesian Adaptive Calibration and Optimal Design
https://openreview.net/forum?id=m906PS5G9x
https://openreview.net/forum?id=m906PS5G9x
Rafael Oliveira,Dino Sejdinovic,David Howard,Edwin V. Bonilla
NIPS 2024,Poster
The process of calibrating computer models of natural phenomena is essential for applications in the physical sciences, where plenty of domain knowledge can be embedded into simulations and then calibrated against real observations. Current machine learning approaches, however, mostly rely on rerunning simulations over...
https://openreview.net/pdf/1a3b58749c0c68a59d59059df64282b1a3adc0a4.pdf
FineStyle: Fine-grained Controllable Style Personalization for Text-to-image Models
https://openreview.net/forum?id=1SmXUGzrH8
https://openreview.net/forum?id=1SmXUGzrH8
Gong Zhang,Kihyuk Sohn,Meera Hahn,Humphrey Shi,Irfan Essa
NIPS 2024,Poster
Few-shot fine-tuning of text-to-image (T2I) generation models enables people to create unique images in their own style using natural languages without requiring extensive prompt engineering. However, fine-tuning with only a handful, as little as one, of image-text paired data prevents fine-grained control of style att...
https://openreview.net/pdf/75bf1ad3580ab645399dbf37996275aa30130566.pdf
Linking In-context Learning in Transformers to Human Episodic Memory
https://openreview.net/forum?id=AYDBFxNon4
https://openreview.net/forum?id=AYDBFxNon4
Li Ji-An,Corey Yishan Zhou,Marcus K. Benna,Marcelo G Mattar
NIPS 2024,Poster
Understanding connections between artificial and biological intelligent systems can reveal fundamental principles of general intelligence. While many artificial intelligence models have a neuroscience counterpart, such connections are largely missing in Transformer models and the self-attention mechanism. Here, we exam...
https://openreview.net/pdf/0bd34b9f6d0eaba66fd4ba873e8e84a2bdd91e14.pdf
AmoebaLLM: Constructing Any-Shape Large Language Models for Efficient and Instant Deployment
https://openreview.net/forum?id=G0yxFmP87g
https://openreview.net/forum?id=G0yxFmP87g
Yonggan Fu,Zhongzhi Yu,Junwei Li,Jiayi Qian,Yongan Zhang,Xiangchi Yuan,Dachuan Shi,Roman Yakunin,Yingyan Celine Lin
NIPS 2024,Poster
Motivated by the transformative capabilities of large language models (LLMs) across various natural language tasks, there has been a growing demand to deploy these models effectively across diverse real-world applications and platforms. However, the challenge of efficiently deploying LLMs has become increasingly pronou...
https://openreview.net/pdf/6cccf970913f515d37d602734d01d0c947705492.pdf
N-agent Ad Hoc Teamwork
https://openreview.net/forum?id=q7TxGUWlhD
https://openreview.net/forum?id=q7TxGUWlhD
Caroline Wang,Arrasy Rahman,Ishan Durugkar,Elad Liebman,Peter Stone
NIPS 2024,Poster
Current approaches to learning cooperative multi-agent behaviors assume relatively restrictive settings. In standard fully cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning, the learning algorithm controls *all* agents in the scenario, while in ad hoc teamwork, the learning algorithm usually assumes control over only a *s...
https://openreview.net/pdf/b2a493d4f38a4116108b0ba02a974d3b686c5421.pdf
Provably Faster Algorithms for Bilevel Optimization via Without-Replacement Sampling
https://openreview.net/forum?id=BNnZwbZGpm
https://openreview.net/forum?id=BNnZwbZGpm
Junyi Li,Heng Huang
NIPS 2024,Poster
Bilevel Optimization has experienced significant advancements recently with the introduction of new efficient algorithms. Mirroring the success in single-level optimization, stochastic gradient-based algorithms are widely used in bilevel optimization. However, a common limitation in these algorithms is the presumption ...
https://openreview.net/pdf/02a1d8edd1255179e52012fdd5a11e5b2a4e5acc.pdf
FedGTST: Boosting Global Transferability of Federated Models via Statistics Tuning
https://openreview.net/forum?id=QXkFC7D6p4
https://openreview.net/forum?id=QXkFC7D6p4
Evelyn Ma,Chao Pan,S. Rasoul Etesami,Han Zhao,Olgica Milenkovic
NIPS 2024,Poster
The performance of Transfer Learning (TL) significantly depends on effective pretraining, which not only requires extensive amounts of data but also substantial computational resources. As a result, in practice, it is challenging to successfully perform TL at the level of individual model developers. Federated Learning...
https://openreview.net/pdf/5654ab819d08c8951c309ec6e440949b8155196b.pdf
SemCoder: Training Code Language Models with Comprehensive Semantics Reasoning
https://openreview.net/forum?id=PnlCHQrM69
https://openreview.net/forum?id=PnlCHQrM69
Yangruibo Ding,Jinjun Peng,Marcus J. Min,Gail Kaiser,Junfeng Yang,Baishakhi Ray
NIPS 2024,Poster
Code Large Language Models (Code LLMs) have excelled at tasks like code completion but often miss deeper semantics such as execution effects and dynamic states. This paper aims to bridge the gap between Code LLMs' reliance on static text data and the need for semantic understanding for complex tasks like debugging and ...
https://openreview.net/pdf/1e07d8e51eb5f904f2122b7a56ed6151e47c5cc0.pdf
On $f$-Divergence Principled Domain Adaptation: An Improved Framework
https://openreview.net/forum?id=xSU27DgWEr
https://openreview.net/forum?id=xSU27DgWEr
Ziqiao Wang,Yongyi Mao
NIPS 2024,Poster
Unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) plays a crucial role in addressing distribution shifts in machine learning. In this work, we improve the theoretical foundations of UDA proposed in Acuna et al. (2021) by refining their $f$-divergence-based discrepancy and additionally introducing a new measure, $f$-domain discrepan...
https://openreview.net/pdf/e6f6280a04e2892629381753602bc9e403e994ea.pdf
Improved Generation of Adversarial Examples Against Safety-aligned LLMs
https://openreview.net/forum?id=8hBc843g1p
https://openreview.net/forum?id=8hBc843g1p
Qizhang Li,Yiwen Guo,Wangmeng Zuo,Hao Chen
NIPS 2024,Poster
Adversarial prompts (or say, adversarial examples) generated using gradient-based methods exhibit outstanding performance in performing automatic jailbreak attacks against safety-aligned LLMs. Nevertheless, due to the discrete nature of texts, the input gradient of LLMs struggles to precisely reflect the magnitude of l...
https://openreview.net/pdf/993ca7e4d8e5f38ab0bcc37328fa57307b6f0ea9.pdf
Multi-model Ensemble Conformal Prediction in Dynamic Environments
https://openreview.net/forum?id=J1Y70keorq
https://openreview.net/forum?id=J1Y70keorq
Erfan Hajihashemi,Yanning Shen
NIPS 2024,Poster
Conformal prediction is an uncertainty quantification method that constructs a prediction set for a previously unseen datum, ensuring the true label is included with a predetermined coverage probability. Adaptive conformal prediction has been developed to address data distribution shifts in dynamic environments. Howeve...
https://openreview.net/pdf/e8099609fd67117212f5fdae1d419adf13be51f9.pdf
Disentangled Representation Learning in Non-Markovian Causal Systems
https://openreview.net/forum?id=uLGyoBn7hm
https://openreview.net/forum?id=uLGyoBn7hm
Adam Li,Yushu Pan,Elias Bareinboim
NIPS 2024,Poster
Considering various data modalities, such as images, videos, and text, humans perform causal reasoning using high-level causal variables, as opposed to operating at the low, pixel level from which the data comes. In practice, most causal reasoning methods assume that the data is described as granular as the underlying...
https://openreview.net/pdf/8350116f8253990dda7ce413729df73f9a61f109.pdf
Cal-DPO: Calibrated Direct Preference Optimization for Language Model Alignment
https://openreview.net/forum?id=57OQXxbTbY
https://openreview.net/forum?id=57OQXxbTbY
Teng Xiao,Yige Yuan,Huaisheng Zhu,Mingxiao Li,Vasant G Honavar
NIPS 2024,Poster
We study the problem of aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preference data. Contrastive preference optimization has shown promising results in aligning LLMs with available preference data by optimizing the implicit reward associated with the policy. However, the contrastive objective focuses mainly on the...
https://openreview.net/pdf/deafc46d7f78e13f7390612cd2ea92bd3459b277.pdf
Stochastic contextual bandits with graph feedback: from independence number to MAS number
https://openreview.net/forum?id=t8iosEWoyd
https://openreview.net/forum?id=t8iosEWoyd
Yuxiao Wen,Yanjun Han,Zhengyuan Zhou
NIPS 2024,Poster
We consider contextual bandits with graph feedback, a class of interactive learning problems with richer structures than vanilla contextual bandits, where taking an action reveals the rewards for all neighboring actions in the feedback graph under all contexts. Unlike the multi-armed bandits setting where a growing lit...
https://openreview.net/pdf/513ccbfe70b63a8134c688af5c125c0ddad739c2.pdf
OccamLLM: Fast and Exact Language Model Arithmetic in a Single Step
https://openreview.net/forum?id=vAOgaPvgYr
https://openreview.net/forum?id=vAOgaPvgYr
Owen M Dugan,Donato M. Jiménez Benetó,Charlotte Loh,Zhuo Chen,Rumen Dangovski,Marin Soljacic
NIPS 2024,Poster
Despite significant advancements in text generation and reasoning, Large Language Models (LLMs) still face challenges in accurately performing complex arithmetic operations. Language model systems often enable LLMs to generate code for arithmetic operations to achieve accurate calculations. However, this approach compr...
https://openreview.net/pdf/2f805a9041d7d2e112fd00bc3259fa9079805498.pdf
Sample Complexity of Interventional Causal Representation Learning
https://openreview.net/forum?id=XL9aaXl0u6
https://openreview.net/forum?id=XL9aaXl0u6
Emre Acartürk,Burak Varıcı,Karthikeyan Shanmugam,Ali Tajer
NIPS 2024,Poster
Consider a data-generation process that transforms low-dimensional _latent_ causally-related variables to high-dimensional _observed_ variables. Causal representation learning (CRL) is the process of using the observed data to recover the latent causal variables and the causal structure among them. Despite the multitud...
https://openreview.net/pdf/3cd848f730138b8b2afd1dcc6c71c80ba6f6a6a1.pdf
On the Complexity of Teaching a Family of Linear Behavior Cloning Learners
https://openreview.net/forum?id=4SAR7IRqmB
https://openreview.net/forum?id=4SAR7IRqmB
Shubham Kumar Bharti,Stephen Wright,Adish Singla,Jerry Zhu
NIPS 2024,Poster
We study optimal teaching for a family of Behavior Cloning learners that learn using a linear hypothesis class. In this setup, a knowledgeable teacher can demonstrate a dataset of state and action tuples and is required to teach an optimal policy to an entire family of BC learners using the smallest possible dataset. W...
https://openreview.net/pdf/efe5b979cd3307122d731db58d556f69dc10e559.pdf
Towards a "Universal Translator" for Neural Dynamics at Single-Cell, Single-Spike Resolution
https://openreview.net/forum?id=nRRJsDahEg
https://openreview.net/forum?id=nRRJsDahEg
Yizi Zhang,Yanchen Wang,Donato M. Jiménez-Benetó,Zixuan Wang,Mehdi Azabou,Blake Aaron Richards,Renee Tung,Olivier Winter,International Brain Laboratory,Eva L Dyer,Liam Paninski,Cole Lincoln Hurwitz
NIPS 2024,Poster
Neuroscience research has made immense progress over the last decade, but our understanding of the brain remains fragmented and piecemeal: the dream of probing an arbitrary brain region and automatically reading out the information encoded in its neural activity remains out of reach. In this work, we build towards a fi...
https://openreview.net/pdf/e7664eef58345c56b265804ba3f72932b5f88c14.pdf
Simple and Effective Masked Diffusion Language Models
https://openreview.net/forum?id=L4uaAR4ArM
https://openreview.net/forum?id=L4uaAR4ArM
Subham Sekhar Sahoo,Marianne Arriola,Aaron Gokaslan,Edgar Mariano Marroquin,Alexander M Rush,Yair Schiff,Justin T Chiu,Volodymyr Kuleshov
NIPS 2024,Poster
While diffusion models excel at generating high-quality images, prior work reports a significant performance gap between diffusion and autoregressive (AR) methods in language modeling. In this work, we show that simple masked discrete diffusion is more performant than previously thought. We apply an effective training ...
https://openreview.net/pdf/3a7ac707cefd8a4120d5e11741324aa678d7ce77.pdf
A Bayesian Approach for Personalized Federated Learning in Heterogeneous Settings
https://openreview.net/forum?id=hilGwNabqB
https://openreview.net/forum?id=hilGwNabqB
Disha Makhija,Joydeep Ghosh,Nhat Ho
NIPS 2024,Poster
Federated learning (FL), through its privacy-preserving collaborative learning approach, has significantly empowered decentralized devices. However, constraints in either data and/or computational resources among participating clients introduce several challenges in learning, including the inability to train large mod...
https://openreview.net/pdf/eae39129243dc6c4b8c87d448599e80d0b9fce05.pdf
Kaleido Diffusion: Improving Conditional Diffusion Models with Autoregressive Latent Modeling
https://openreview.net/forum?id=qZSwlcLMCS
https://openreview.net/forum?id=qZSwlcLMCS
Jiatao Gu,Ying Shen,Shuangfei Zhai,Yizhe Zhang,Navdeep Jaitly,Joshua M. Susskind
NIPS 2024,Poster
Diffusion models have emerged as a powerful tool for generating high-quality images from textual descriptions. Despite their successes, these models often exhibit limited diversity in the sampled images, particularly when sampling with a high classifier-free guidance weight. To address this issue, we present Kaleido, a...
https://openreview.net/pdf/6bf6fdec8dd6eed85f84157b0809edad3641d855.pdf
FairWire: Fair Graph Generation
https://openreview.net/forum?id=V0JvwCQlJe
https://openreview.net/forum?id=V0JvwCQlJe
Oyku Deniz Kose,Yanning Shen
NIPS 2024,Poster
Machine learning over graphs has recently attracted growing attention due to its ability to analyze and learn complex relations within critical interconnected systems. However, the disparate impact that is amplified by the use of biased graph structures in these algorithms has raised significant concerns for their depl...
https://openreview.net/pdf/1f5eea2983c84e12175cd2b978aa11cb3f7ce158.pdf
Apathetic or Empathetic? Evaluating LLMs' Emotional Alignments with Humans
https://openreview.net/forum?id=pwRVGRWtGg
https://openreview.net/forum?id=pwRVGRWtGg
Jen-tse Huang,Man Ho LAM,Eric John Li,Shujie Ren,Wenxuan Wang,Wenxiang Jiao,Zhaopeng Tu,Michael Lyu
NIPS 2024,Poster
Evaluating Large Language Models’ (LLMs) anthropomorphic capabilities has become increasingly important in contemporary discourse. Utilizing the emotion appraisal theory from psychology, we propose to evaluate the empathy ability of LLMs, i.e., how their feelings change when presented with specific situations. After a ...
https://openreview.net/pdf/4d6e71e0ca7fffae0c70fd69763ea99167e3d197.pdf
Scaling transformer neural networks for skillful and reliable medium-range weather forecasting
https://openreview.net/forum?id=aBP01akha9
https://openreview.net/forum?id=aBP01akha9
Tung Nguyen,Rohan Shah,Hritik Bansal,Troy Arcomano,Romit Maulik,Veerabhadra Kotamarthi,Ian Foster,Sandeep Madireddy,Aditya Grover
NIPS 2024,Poster
Weather forecasting is a fundamental problem for anticipating and mitigating the impacts of climate change. Recently, data-driven approaches for weather forecasting based on deep learning have shown great promise, achieving accuracies that are competitive with operational systems. However, those methods often employ co...
https://openreview.net/pdf/2fdb23d735460d3e9df36b9d966b324b7a000548.pdf
A theoretical case-study of Scalable Oversight in Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning
https://openreview.net/forum?id=3tj3A26wsV
https://openreview.net/forum?id=3tj3A26wsV
Tom Yan,Zachary Chase Lipton
NIPS 2024,Poster
A key source of complexity in next-generation AI models is the size of model outputs, making it time-consuming to parse and provide reliable feedback on. To ensure such models are aligned, we will need to bolster our understanding of scalable oversight and how to scale up human feedback. To this end, we study the chall...
https://openreview.net/pdf/a143b9d7d28c1a6e8cdea9a18adc4fa9293ed1a7.pdf
Causal Imitation for Markov Decision Processes: a Partial Identification Approach
https://openreview.net/forum?id=KHX0dKXdqH
https://openreview.net/forum?id=KHX0dKXdqH
Kangrui Ruan,Junzhe Zhang,Xuan Di,Elias Bareinboim
NIPS 2024,Poster
Imitation learning enables an agent to learn from expert demonstrations when the performance measure is unknown and the reward signal is not specified. Standard imitation methods do not generally apply when the learner and the expert's sensory capabilities mismatch and demonstrations are contaminated with unobserved co...
https://openreview.net/pdf/44332f130be85fa6cd9ebf2c17a3b40392bccbae.pdf
Learning from Uncertain Data: From Possible Worlds to Possible Models
https://openreview.net/forum?id=v9RqRFSLQ2
https://openreview.net/forum?id=v9RqRFSLQ2
Jiongli Zhu,Su Feng,Boris Glavic,Babak Salimi
NIPS 2024,Poster
We introduce an efficient method for learning linear models from uncertain data, where uncertainty is represented as a set of possible variations in the data, leading to predictive multiplicity. Our approach leverages abstract interpretation and zonotopes, a type of convex polytope, to compactly represent these dataset...
https://openreview.net/pdf/87fd59808dc5ed78d3e3e6ef14d35b6e060362d8.pdf
Adaptive Exploration for Data-Efficient General Value Function Evaluations
https://openreview.net/forum?id=HC6iqpPt3L
https://openreview.net/forum?id=HC6iqpPt3L
Arushi Jain,Josiah P. Hanna,Doina Precup
NIPS 2024,Poster
General Value Functions (GVFs) (Sutton et al., 2011) represent predictive knowledge in reinforcement learning. Each GVF computes the expected return for a given policy, based on a unique reward. Existing methods relying on fixed behavior policies or pre-collected data often face data efficiency issues when learning mul...
https://openreview.net/pdf/20c5e327d236868140f6e856c42c6b8592a50482.pdf
One-Layer Transformer Provably Learns One-Nearest Neighbor In Context
https://openreview.net/forum?id=WDX45LNZXE
https://openreview.net/forum?id=WDX45LNZXE
Zihao Li,Yuan Cao,Cheng Gao,Yihan He,Han Liu,Jason Matthew Klusowski,Jianqing Fan,Mengdi Wang
NIPS 2024,Poster
Transformers have achieved great success in recent years. Interestingly, transformers have shown particularly strong in-context learning capability -- even without fine-tuning, they are still able to solve unseen tasks well purely based on task-specific prompts. In this paper, we study the capability of one-layer trans...
https://openreview.net/pdf/69e3d7430a05e0d5696f5dbe23746ff3a22096e9.pdf
SeTAR: Out-of-Distribution Detection with Selective Low-Rank Approximation
https://openreview.net/forum?id=65UoJ0z7Kp
https://openreview.net/forum?id=65UoJ0z7Kp
Yixia Li,Boya Xiong,Guanhua Chen,Yun Chen
NIPS 2024,Poster
Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is crucial for the safe deployment of neural networks. Existing CLIP-based approaches perform OOD detection by devising novel scoring functions or sophisticated fine-tuning methods. In this work, we propose SeTAR, a novel, training-free OOD detection method that leverages selective l...
https://openreview.net/pdf/1f941a564d6513eccbbda6e05d521e80daf9ffcc.pdf
OptEx: Expediting First-Order Optimization with Approximately Parallelized Iterations
https://openreview.net/forum?id=MzNjnbgcPN
https://openreview.net/forum?id=MzNjnbgcPN
Yao Shu,Jiongfeng Fang,Ying Tiffany He,Fei Richard Yu
NIPS 2024,Poster
First-order optimization (FOO) algorithms are pivotal in numerous computational domains, such as reinforcement learning and deep learning. However, their application to complex tasks often entails significant optimization inefficiency due to their need of many sequential iterations for convergence. In response, we intr...
https://openreview.net/pdf/6355a6b19af5c8832921ce57986888808909ddc1.pdf
FineCLIP: Self-distilled Region-based CLIP for Better Fine-grained Understanding
https://openreview.net/forum?id=nExI4FuKWD
https://openreview.net/forum?id=nExI4FuKWD
Dong Jing,Xiaolong He,Yutian Luo,Nanyi Fei,Guoxing Yang,Wei Wei,Huiwen Zhao,Zhiwu Lu
NIPS 2024,Poster
Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) achieves impressive performance on tasks like image classification and image-text retrieval by learning on large-scale image-text datasets. However, CLIP struggles with dense prediction tasks due to the poor grasp of the fine-grained details. Although existing works pay at...
https://openreview.net/pdf/e77b9bf69974b22ae77ee4209dc907d97148cbdd.pdf
On the Role of Information Structure in Reinforcement Learning for Partially-Observable Sequential Teams and Games
https://openreview.net/forum?id=QgMC8ftbNd
https://openreview.net/forum?id=QgMC8ftbNd
Awni Altabaa,Zhuoran Yang
NIPS 2024,Poster
In sequential decision-making problems, the *information structure* describes the causal dependencies between system variables, encompassing the dynamics of the environment and the agents' actions. Classical models of reinforcement learning (e.g., MDPs, POMDPs) assume a restricted and highly regular information structu...
https://openreview.net/pdf/48f357d190f35342349977f6fc217aacfb61f634.pdf
SelectIT: Selective Instruction Tuning for LLMs via Uncertainty-Aware Self-Reflection
https://openreview.net/forum?id=QNieOPt4fg
https://openreview.net/forum?id=QNieOPt4fg
Liangxin Liu,Xuebo Liu,Derek F. Wong,Dongfang Li,Ziyi Wang,Baotian Hu,Min Zhang
NIPS 2024,Poster
Instruction tuning (IT) is crucial to tailoring large language models (LLMs) towards human-centric interactions. Recent advancements have shown that the careful selection of a small, high-quality subset of IT data can significantly enhance the performance of LLMs. Despite this, common approaches often rely on addition...
https://openreview.net/pdf/9ee81561e94050705f358e4b646c204f4ac6cb24.pdf
Aligning Large Language Models with Representation Editing: A Control Perspective
https://openreview.net/forum?id=yTTomSJsSW
https://openreview.net/forum?id=yTTomSJsSW
Lingkai Kong,Haorui Wang,Wenhao Mu,Yuanqi Du,Yuchen Zhuang,Yifei Zhou,Yue Song,Rongzhi Zhang,Kai Wang,Chao Zhang
NIPS 2024,Poster
Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human objectives is crucial for real-world applications. However, fine-tuning LLMs for alignment often suffers from unstable training and requires substantial computing resources. Test-time alignment techniques, such as prompting and guided decoding, do not modify the underlyi...
https://openreview.net/pdf/5b01199621eef2e71cc22c61871a279fc51beeba.pdf
Nearly Tight Black-Box Auditing of Differentially Private Machine Learning
https://openreview.net/forum?id=cCDMXXiamP
https://openreview.net/forum?id=cCDMXXiamP
Meenatchi Sundaram Muthu Selva Annamalai,Emiliano De Cristofaro
NIPS 2024,Poster
This paper presents an auditing procedure for the Differentially Private Stochastic Gradient Descent (DP-SGD) algorithm in the black-box threat model that is substantially tighter than prior work. The main intuition is to craft worst-case initial model parameters, as DP-SGD's privacy analysis is agnostic to the choice ...
https://openreview.net/pdf/4b8080bdff94b173112c6cc0c6042066baef4b32.pdf
Value-Based Deep Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with Dynamic Sparse Training
https://openreview.net/forum?id=Gug7wc0BSs
https://openreview.net/forum?id=Gug7wc0BSs
Pihe Hu,Shaolong Li,Zhuoran Li,Ling Pan,Longbo Huang
NIPS 2024,Poster
Deep Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) relies on neural networks with numerous parameters in multi-agent scenarios, often incurring substantial computational overhead. Consequently, there is an urgent need to expedite training and enable model compression in MARL. This paper proposes the utilization of dynamic ...
https://openreview.net/pdf/bf8bb00ab8e48a246aea7bd4371261f2f92f54dd.pdf
Guiding Neural Collapse: Optimising Towards the Nearest Simplex Equiangular Tight Frame
https://openreview.net/forum?id=z4FaPUslma
https://openreview.net/forum?id=z4FaPUslma
Evan Markou,Thalaiyasingam Ajanthan,Stephen Gould
NIPS 2024,Poster
Neural Collapse (NC) is a recently observed phenomenon in neural networks that characterises the solution space of the final classifier layer when trained until zero training loss. Specifically, NC suggests that the final classifier layer converges to a Simplex Equiangular Tight Frame (ETF), which maximally separates t...
https://openreview.net/pdf/ac02c11fa162633bf19fadb27beddf13e3c58e97.pdf
Local Anti-Concentration Class: Logarithmic Regret for Greedy Linear Contextual Bandit
https://openreview.net/forum?id=rblaF2euXQ
https://openreview.net/forum?id=rblaF2euXQ
Seok-Jin Kim,Min-hwan Oh
NIPS 2024,Poster
We study the performance guarantees of exploration-free greedy algorithms for the linear contextual bandit problem. We introduce a novel condition, named the \textit{Local Anti-Concentration} (LAC) condition, which enables a greedy bandit algorithm to achieve provable efficiency. We show that the LAC condition is sat...
https://openreview.net/pdf/4de6a468dddbfb975396e4c31c95c83e157b2eae.pdf
MambaSCI: Efficient Mamba-UNet for Quad-Bayer Patterned Video Snapshot Compressive Imaging
https://openreview.net/forum?id=U4WeoyRHPd
https://openreview.net/forum?id=U4WeoyRHPd
Zhenghao Pan,Haijin Zeng,Jiezhang Cao,Yongyong Chen,Kai Zhang,Yong Xu
NIPS 2024,Poster
Color video snapshot compressive imaging (SCI) employs computational imaging techniques to capture multiple sequential video frames in a single Bayer-patterned measurement. With the increasing popularity of quad-Bayer pattern in mainstream smartphone cameras for capturing high-resolution videos, mobile photography has ...
https://openreview.net/pdf/72c3ea7ea0eeba8e9718d04e2061a016d54bfee0.pdf
KnowGPT: Knowledge Graph based Prompting for Large Language Models
https://openreview.net/forum?id=PacBluO5m7
https://openreview.net/forum?id=PacBluO5m7
Qinggang Zhang,Junnan Dong,Hao Chen,Daochen Zha,Zailiang Yu,Xiao Huang
NIPS 2024,Poster
Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in many real-world applications. Nonetheless, LLMs are often criticized for their tendency to produce hallucinations, wherein the models fabricate incorrect statements on tasks beyond their knowledge and perception. To alleviate this issue, graph re...
https://openreview.net/pdf/4ec9739895ff72a71118e7b64bb98e28f109616b.pdf
Long-Horizon Planning for Multi-Agent Robots in Partially Observable Environments
https://openreview.net/forum?id=Y1rOWS2Z4i
https://openreview.net/forum?id=Y1rOWS2Z4i
Siddharth Nayak,Adelmo Morrison Orozco,Marina Ten Have,Jackson Zhang,Vittal Thirumalai,Darren Chen,Aditya Kapoor,Eric Robinson,Karthik Gopalakrishnan,James Harrison,Anuj Mahajan,brian ichter,Hamsa Balakrishnan
NIPS 2024,Poster
The ability of Language Models (LMs) to understand natural language makes them a powerful tool for parsing human instructions into task plans for autonomous robots. Unlike traditional planning methods that rely on domain-specific knowledge and handcrafted rules, LMs generalize from diverse data and adapt to various tas...
https://openreview.net/pdf/c6dfb94fb019cc2a364a5a1bc89c8064812a935d.pdf
Cost-efficient Knowledge-based Question Answering with Large Language Models
https://openreview.net/forum?id=pje1Y71jad
https://openreview.net/forum?id=pje1Y71jad
Junnan Dong,Qinggang Zhang,Chuang Zhou,Hao Chen,Daochen Zha,Xiao Huang
NIPS 2024,Poster
Knowledge-based question answering (KBQA) is widely used in many scenarios that necessitate domain knowledge. Large language models (LLMs) bring opportunities to KBQA, while their costs are significantly higher and absence of domain-specific knowledge during pre-training. We are motivated to combine LLMs and prior smal...
https://openreview.net/pdf/0c4dc789433d497c2f2c0f0da165be3b5c9f715b.pdf
Active Learning for Derivative-Based Global Sensitivity Analysis with Gaussian Processes
https://openreview.net/forum?id=da0ZJatRCN
https://openreview.net/forum?id=da0ZJatRCN
Syrine Belakaria,Benjamin Letham,Jana Doppa,Barbara E Engelhardt,Stefano Ermon,Eytan Bakshy
NIPS 2024,Poster
We consider the problem of active learning for global sensitivity analysis of expensive black-box functions. Our aim is to efficiently learn the importance of different input variables, e.g., in vehicle safety experimentation, we study the impact of the thickness of various components on safety objectives. Since functi...
https://openreview.net/pdf/e7cbe6f405410f66193a63a86f7ddaae0e3eb870.pdf
Divergences between Language Models and Human Brains
https://openreview.net/forum?id=DpP5F3UfKw
https://openreview.net/forum?id=DpP5F3UfKw
Yuchen Zhou,Emmy Liu,Graham Neubig,Michael J. Tarr,Leila Wehbe
NIPS 2024,Poster
Do machines and humans process language in similar ways? Recent research has hinted at the affirmative, showing that human neural activity can be effectively predicted using the internal representations of language models (LMs). Although such results are thought to reflect shared computational principles between LMs an...
https://openreview.net/pdf/3f5c514423f1a9678561f73def188118d5bcf7d3.pdf
Covariate Shift Corrected Conditional Randomization Test
https://openreview.net/forum?id=Me5esZTRqW
https://openreview.net/forum?id=Me5esZTRqW
Bowen Xu,Yiwen Huang,Chuan Hong,Shuangning Li,Molei Liu
NIPS 2024,Poster
Conditional independence tests are crucial across various disciplines in determining the independence of an outcome variable $Y$ from a treatment variable $X$, conditioning on a set of confounders $Z$. The Conditional Randomization Test (CRT) offers a powerful framework for such testing by assuming known distributions ...
https://openreview.net/pdf/74507c2335d3c2e774426629dc05a2f7ad13d3bb.pdf
Pretrained Transformer Efficiently Learns Low-Dimensional Target Functions In-Context
https://openreview.net/forum?id=uHcG5Y6fdB
https://openreview.net/forum?id=uHcG5Y6fdB
Kazusato Oko,Yujin Song,Taiji Suzuki,Denny Wu
NIPS 2024,Poster
Transformers can efficiently learn in-context from example demonstrations. Most existing theoretical analyses studied the in-context learning (ICL) ability of transformers for linear function classes, where it is typically shown that the minimizer of the pretraining loss implements one gradient descent step on the leas...
https://openreview.net/pdf/ebe3fdc5e357d327b920801545a353f902eefb86.pdf
An effective framework for estimating individualized treatment rules
https://openreview.net/forum?id=G7L65B2P0y
https://openreview.net/forum?id=G7L65B2P0y
Joowon Lee,Jared Davis Huling,Guanhua Chen
NIPS 2024,Poster
Estimating individualized treatment rules (ITRs) is fundamental in causal inference, particularly for precision medicine applications. Traditional ITR estimation methods rely on inverse probability weighting (IPW) to address confounding factors and $L_{1}$-penalization for simplicity and interpretability. However, IPW ...
https://openreview.net/pdf/3b195f1ab7b8f324455c2d592ed796416f102aeb.pdf
DiMSUM: Diffusion Mamba - A Scalable and Unified Spatial-Frequency Method for Image Generation
https://openreview.net/forum?id=KqbLzSIXkm
https://openreview.net/forum?id=KqbLzSIXkm
Hao Phung,Quan Dao,Trung Tuan Dao,Hoang Phan,Dimitris N. Metaxas,Anh Tuan Tran
NIPS 2024,Poster
We introduce a novel state-space architecture for diffusion models, effectively harnessing spatial and frequency information to enhance the inductive bias towards local features in input images for image generation tasks. While state-space networks, including Mamba, a revolutionary advancement in recurrent neural netwo...
https://openreview.net/pdf/0ae8bfdeeec0ac6c1b9be00728313d0eee7040d2.pdf
Rule Based Rewards for Language Model Safety
https://openreview.net/forum?id=QVtwpT5Dmg
https://openreview.net/forum?id=QVtwpT5Dmg
Tong Mu,Alec Helyar,Johannes Heidecke,Joshua Achiam,Andrea Vallone,Ian D Kivlichan,Molly Lin,Alex Beutel,John Schulman,Lilian Weng
NIPS 2024,Poster
Reinforcement learning based fine-tuning of large language models (LLMs) on human preferences has been shown to enhance both their capabilities and safety behavior. However, in cases related to safety, without precise instructions to human annotators, the data collected may cause the model to become overly cautious, ...
https://openreview.net/pdf/e963b11386699f5b75503a72861c8a01fb09a180.pdf
Alias-Free Mamba Neural Operator
https://openreview.net/forum?id=gUEBXGV8JM
https://openreview.net/forum?id=gUEBXGV8JM
Jianwei Zheng,LiweiNo,Ni Xu,Junwei Zhu,XiaoxuLin,Xiaoqin Zhang
NIPS 2024,Poster
Benefiting from the booming deep learning techniques, neural operators (NO) are considered as an ideal alternative to break the traditions of solving Partial Differential Equations (PDE) with expensive cost. Yet with the remarkable progress, current solutions concern little on the holistic function features--both globa...
https://openreview.net/pdf/a1a1561a826925c5f0083b9694af193271f8b359.pdf
On Convergence of Adam for Stochastic Optimization under Relaxed Assumptions
https://openreview.net/forum?id=x7usmidzxj
https://openreview.net/forum?id=x7usmidzxj
Yusu Hong,Junhong Lin
NIPS 2024,Poster
In this paper, we study Adam in non-convex smooth scenarios with potential unbounded gradients and affine variance noise. We consider a general noise model which governs affine variance noise, bounded noise, and sub-Gaussian noise. We show that Adam with a specific hyper-parameter setup can find a stationary point with...
https://openreview.net/pdf/53b61c417a7761bfb6f0d648f3d93f54a1153174.pdf
Ad Auctions for LLMs via Retrieval Augmented Generation
https://openreview.net/forum?id=Ujo8V7iXmR
https://openreview.net/forum?id=Ujo8V7iXmR
MohammadTaghi Hajiaghayi,Sebastien Lahaie,Keivan Rezaei,Suho Shin
NIPS 2024,Poster
In the field of computational advertising, the integration of ads into the outputs of large language models (LLMs) presents an opportunity to support these services without compromising content integrity. This paper introduces novel auction mechanisms for ad allocation and pricing within the textual outputs of LLMs, le...
https://openreview.net/pdf/1a43bddd10e8ed2f5ca0b3de382ea2aca7da548b.pdf
WAGLE: Strategic Weight Attribution for Effective and Modular Unlearning in Large Language Models
https://openreview.net/forum?id=VzOgnDJMgh
https://openreview.net/forum?id=VzOgnDJMgh
Jinghan Jia,Jiancheng Liu,Yihua Zhang,Parikshit Ram,Nathalie Baracaldo,Sijia Liu
NIPS 2024,Poster
The need for effective unlearning mechanisms in large language models (LLMs) is increasingly urgent, driven by the necessity to adhere to data regulations and foster ethical generative AI practices. LLM unlearning is designed to reduce the impact of undesirable data influences and associated model capabilities without ...
https://openreview.net/pdf/f8e6edd72761c9672749d9c628233d2df16aae08.pdf
Who’s Gaming the System? A Causally-Motivated Approach for Detecting Strategic Adaptation
https://openreview.net/forum?id=PXGY9Fz8vC
https://openreview.net/forum?id=PXGY9Fz8vC
Trenton Chang,Lindsay Warrenburg,Sae-Hwan Park,Ravi B Parikh,Maggie Makar,Jenna Wiens
NIPS 2024,Poster
In many settings, machine learning models may be used to inform decisions that impact individuals or entities who interact with the model. Such entities, or *agents,* may *game* model decisions by manipulating their inputs to the model to obtain better outcomes and maximize some utility. We consider a multi-agent setti...
https://openreview.net/pdf/7f31354db4587aad2bba879b475c0a1ac5a5c57e.pdf
Achieving $\tilde{O}(1/\epsilon)$ Sample Complexity for Constrained Markov Decision Process
https://openreview.net/forum?id=psG4LXlDNs
https://openreview.net/forum?id=psG4LXlDNs
Jiashuo Jiang,Yinyu Ye
NIPS 2024,Poster
We consider the reinforcement learning problem for the constrained Markov decision process (CMDP), which plays a central role in satisfying safety or resource constraints in sequential learning and decision-making. In this problem, we are given finite resources and a MDP with unknown transition probabilities. At each s...
https://openreview.net/pdf/d266944c7c83f38bc65d9643812af49872f309c1.pdf
Scaling Laws in Linear Regression: Compute, Parameters, and Data
https://openreview.net/forum?id=PH7sdEanXP
https://openreview.net/forum?id=PH7sdEanXP
Licong Lin,Jingfeng Wu,Sham M. Kakade,Peter Bartlett,Jason D. Lee
NIPS 2024,Poster
Empirically, large-scale deep learning models often satisfy a neural scaling law: the test error of the trained model improves polynomially as the model size and data size grow. However, conventional wisdom suggests the test error consists of approximation, bias, and variance errors, where the variance error increases ...
https://openreview.net/pdf/0f2b588586b8f9357aca924f3353b0c13b102112.pdf
Learning Image Priors Through Patch-Based Diffusion Models for Solving Inverse Problems
https://openreview.net/forum?id=HGnxhHz6ss
https://openreview.net/forum?id=HGnxhHz6ss
Jason Hu,Bowen Song,Xiaojian Xu,Liyue Shen,Jeffrey A Fessler
NIPS 2024,Poster
Diffusion models can learn strong image priors from underlying data distribution and use them to solve inverse problems, but the training process is computationally expensive and requires lots of data. Such bottlenecks prevent most existing works from being feasible for high-dimensional and high-resolution data such as...
https://openreview.net/pdf/5c1849cec489253b53dd5ced49cd88613b54d884.pdf
Amortized Fourier Neural Operators
https://openreview.net/forum?id=a6em980M9x
https://openreview.net/forum?id=a6em980M9x
Zipeng Xiao,Siqi Kou,Zhongkai Hao,Bokai Lin,Zhijie Deng
NIPS 2024,Poster
Fourier Neural Operators (FNOs) have shown promise for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). Typically, FNOs employ separate parameters for different frequency modes to specify tunable kernel integrals in Fourier space, which, yet, results in an undesirably large number of parameters when solving high-dimensio...
https://openreview.net/pdf/ac3e9bb4adc6f5e7eda9fb232b311cc5daf2ded2.pdf
Retrieval-Augmented Diffusion Models for Time Series Forecasting
https://openreview.net/forum?id=dRJJt0Ji48
https://openreview.net/forum?id=dRJJt0Ji48
Jingwei Liu,Ling Yang,Hongyan Li,Shenda Hong
NIPS 2024,Poster
While time series diffusion models have received considerable focus from many recent works, the performance of existing models remains highly unstable. Factors limiting time series diffusion models include insufficient time series datasets and the absence of guidance. To address these limitations, we propose a Retrieva...
https://openreview.net/pdf/e87ce496bc882c66ee7f20b01c0a67af85c06f6f.pdf
MACM: Utilizing a Multi-Agent System for Condition Mining in Solving Complex Mathematical Problems
https://openreview.net/forum?id=VR2RdSxtzs
https://openreview.net/forum?id=VR2RdSxtzs
Bin Lei,Yi Zhang,Shan Zuo,Ali Payani,Caiwen Ding
NIPS 2024,Poster
Recent advancements in large language models, such as GPT-4, have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in processing standard queries. Despite these advancements, their performance substantially declines in advanced mathematical problems requiring complex, multi-step logical reasoning. To enhance their inferential capa...
https://openreview.net/pdf/361f70e303eefe87ee3e42f46fb2d3d21347df37.pdf
Transformers as Game Players: Provable In-context Game-playing Capabilities of Pre-trained Models
https://openreview.net/forum?id=pRQmRaonxf
https://openreview.net/forum?id=pRQmRaonxf
Chengshuai Shi,Kun Yang,Jing Yang,Cong Shen
NIPS 2024,Poster
The in-context learning (ICL) capability of pre-trained models based on the transformer architecture has received growing interest in recent years. While theoretical understanding has been obtained for ICL in reinforcement learning (RL), the previous results are largely confined to the single-agent setting. This work p...
https://openreview.net/pdf/a739b11c92fd5cfc39cc60917a0bafb7c9f5b8cf.pdf
Mobile-Agent-v2: Mobile Device Operation Assistant with Effective Navigation via Multi-Agent Collaboration
https://openreview.net/forum?id=O0nBMRlkc8
https://openreview.net/forum?id=O0nBMRlkc8
Junyang Wang,Haiyang Xu,Haitao Jia,Xi Zhang,Ming Yan,Weizhou Shen,Ji Zhang,Fei Huang,Jitao Sang
NIPS 2024,Poster
Mobile device operation tasks are increasingly becoming a popular multi-modal AI application scenario. Current Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs), constrained by their training data, lack the capability to function effectively as operation assistants. Instead, MLLM-based agents, which enhance capabilities throug...
https://openreview.net/pdf/1884d55b0eac95c14035e897dcbb1c8186bcd65e.pdf
MGF: Mixed Gaussian Flow for Diverse Trajectory Prediction
https://openreview.net/forum?id=muYhNDlxWc
https://openreview.net/forum?id=muYhNDlxWc
Jiahe Chen,Jinkun Cao,Dahua Lin,Kris M. Kitani,Jiangmiao Pang
NIPS 2024,Poster
To predict future trajectories, the normalizing flow with a standard Gaussian prior suffers from weak diversity. The ineffectiveness comes from the conflict between the fact of asymmetric and multi-modal distribution of likely outcomes and symmetric and single-modal original distribution and supervision losses. Instea...
https://openreview.net/pdf/a24b2249847a2068a01c6fa992db6a0aad0d0e19.pdf
Neural Localizer Fields for Continuous 3D Human Pose and Shape Estimation
https://openreview.net/forum?id=RrTjcbcHEH
https://openreview.net/forum?id=RrTjcbcHEH
István Sárándi,Gerard Pons-Moll
NIPS 2024,Poster
With the explosive growth of available training data, single-image 3D human modeling is ahead of a transition to a data-centric paradigm. A key to successfully exploiting data scale is to design flexible models that can be supervised from various heterogeneous data sources produced by different researchers or vendors. ...
https://openreview.net/pdf/bb9be9482b7a972c9ff1a24f3d75ee22d6195fdd.pdf
Efficient Prompt Optimization Through the Lens of Best Arm Identification
https://openreview.net/forum?id=FLNnlfBGMo
https://openreview.net/forum?id=FLNnlfBGMo
Chengshuai Shi,Kun Yang,Zihan Chen,Jundong Li,Jing Yang,Cong Shen
NIPS 2024,Poster
The remarkable instruction-following capability of large language models (LLMs) has sparked a growing interest in automatically finding good prompts, i.e., prompt optimization. Most existing works follow the scheme of selecting from a pre-generated pool of candidate prompts. However, these designs mainly focus on the g...
https://openreview.net/pdf/d55bf9078917118b9c52834d084c1245727ed3e9.pdf
Fast Best-of-N Decoding via Speculative Rejection
https://openreview.net/forum?id=348hfcprUs
https://openreview.net/forum?id=348hfcprUs
Hanshi Sun,Momin Haider,Ruiqi Zhang,Huitao Yang,Jiahao Qiu,Ming Yin,Mengdi Wang,Peter Bartlett,Andrea Zanette
NIPS 2024,Poster
The safe and effective deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) involves a critical step called alignment, which ensures that the model's responses are in accordance with human preferences. Prevalent alignment techniques, such as DPO, PPO and their variants, align LLMs by changing the pre-trained model weights during...
https://openreview.net/pdf/1185ba27284299162dd748d2582af8def317545b.pdf
Full-Atom Peptide Design with Geometric Latent Diffusion
https://openreview.net/forum?id=IAQNJUJe8q
https://openreview.net/forum?id=IAQNJUJe8q
Xiangzhe Kong,Yinjun Jia,Wenbing Huang,Yang Liu
NIPS 2024,Poster
Peptide design plays a pivotal role in therapeutics, allowing brand new possibility to leverage target binding sites that are previously undruggable. Most existing methods are either inefficient or only concerned with the target-agnostic design of 1D sequences. In this paper, we propose a generative model for full-atom...
https://openreview.net/pdf/69729ae7bb5ba90164d10c5cefa3f252d78a5c65.pdf
3D Gaussian Rendering Can Be Sparser: Efficient Rendering via Learned Fragment Pruning
https://openreview.net/forum?id=IVqzbuLfoL
https://openreview.net/forum?id=IVqzbuLfoL
Zhifan Ye,Chenxi Wan,Chaojian Li,Jihoon Hong,Sixu Li,Leshu Li,Yongan Zhang,Yingyan Celine Lin
NIPS 2024,Poster
3D Gaussian splatting has recently emerged as a promising technique for novel view synthesis from sparse image sets, yet comes at the cost of requiring millions of 3D Gaussian primitives to reconstruct each 3D scene. This largely limits its application to resource-constrained devices and applications. Despite advances ...
https://openreview.net/pdf/0f4648bcb47f776c689bfd3c5d96e9f9131c9021.pdf
Dimension-free Private Mean Estimation for Anisotropic Distributions
https://openreview.net/forum?id=kRwQCAIA7z
https://openreview.net/forum?id=kRwQCAIA7z
Yuval Dagan,Michael Jordan,Xuelin Yang,Lydia Zakynthinou,Nikita Zhivotovskiy
NIPS 2024,Poster
We present differentially private algorithms for high-dimensional mean estimation. Previous private estimators on distributions over $\mathbb{R}^d$ suffer from a curse of dimensionality, as they require $\Omega(d^{1/2})$ samples to achieve non-trivial error, even in cases where $O(1)$ samples suffice without privacy. T...
https://openreview.net/pdf/90919b8b60143f0e171dd5310efcb65e20de7354.pdf
Watch Out for Your Agents! Investigating Backdoor Threats to LLM-Based Agents
https://openreview.net/forum?id=Nf4MHF1pi5
https://openreview.net/forum?id=Nf4MHF1pi5
Wenkai Yang,Xiaohan Bi,Yankai Lin,Sishuo Chen,Jie Zhou,Xu Sun
NIPS 2024,Poster
Driven by the rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs), LLM-based agents have been developed to handle various real-world applications, including finance, healthcare, and shopping, etc. It is crucial to ensure the reliability and security of LLM-based agents during applications. However, the safety issues of L...
https://openreview.net/pdf/14dda2e2e067d5c1fc5179293fd0d4072276f210.pdf
Beyond Accuracy: Tracking more like Human via Visual Search
https://openreview.net/forum?id=LezAEImfoc
https://openreview.net/forum?id=LezAEImfoc
Dailing Zhang,Shiyu Hu,Xiaokun Feng,Xuchen Li,Meiqi Wu,Jing Zhang,Kaiqi Huang
NIPS 2024,Poster
Human visual search ability enables efficient and accurate tracking of an arbitrary moving target, which is a significant research interest in cognitive neuroscience. The recently proposed Central-Peripheral Dichotomy (CPD) theory sheds light on how humans effectively process visual information and track moving targets...
https://openreview.net/pdf/11960c0cf6a34cdc6a956f476a0fb526022a4514.pdf
Neuc-MDS: Non-Euclidean Multidimensional Scaling Through Bilinear Forms
https://openreview.net/forum?id=8W5ADJOKcv
https://openreview.net/forum?id=8W5ADJOKcv
Chengyuan Deng,Jie Gao,Kevin Lu,Feng Luo,Hongbin Sun,Cheng Xin
NIPS 2024,Poster
We introduce \textbf{N}on-\textbf{Euc}lidean-\textbf{MDS} (Neuc-MDS), which extends Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) to generate outputs that can be non-Euclidean and non-metric. The main idea is to generalize the inner product to other symmetric bilinear forms to utilize the negative eigenvalues of dissimiliarity Gram m...
https://openreview.net/pdf/39cf858fefc937ab29191f4ab0dc60436e3a517a.pdf
Is Cross-validation the Gold Standard to Estimate Out-of-sample Model Performance?
https://openreview.net/forum?id=4lGPSbGe11
https://openreview.net/forum?id=4lGPSbGe11
Garud Iyengar,Henry Lam,Tianyu Wang
NIPS 2024,Poster
Cross-Validation (CV) is the default choice for estimate the out-of-sample performance of machine learning models. Despite its wide usage, their statistical benefits have remained half-understood, especially in challenging nonparametric regimes. In this paper we fill in this gap and show that, in terms of estimating th...
https://openreview.net/pdf/189b1a44f32cdb8dc7985f8314688df2d9804e5f.pdf
Target-Guided Adversarial Point Cloud Transformer Towards Recognition Against Real-world Corruptions
https://openreview.net/forum?id=FcUyz33OED
https://openreview.net/forum?id=FcUyz33OED
Jie Wang,Tingfa Xu,Lihe Ding,Jianan Li
NIPS 2024,Poster
Achieving robust 3D perception in the face of corrupted data presents an challenging hurdle within 3D vision research. Contemporary transformer-based point cloud recognition models, albeit advanced, tend to overfit to specific patterns, consequently undermining their robustness against corruption. In this work, we intr...
https://openreview.net/pdf/39d342b992430643e7c7bb388857230d156519e2.pdf
Faster Accelerated First-order Methods for Convex Optimization with Strongly Convex Function Constraints
https://openreview.net/forum?id=pG380vLYRU
https://openreview.net/forum?id=pG380vLYRU
Zhenwei Lin,Qi Deng
NIPS 2024,Poster
In this paper, we introduce faster accelerated primal-dual algorithms for minimizing a convex function subject to strongly convex function constraints. Prior to our work, the best complexity bound was $\mathcal{O}(1/{\varepsilon})$, regardless of the strong convexity of the constraint function. It is unclear whether t...
https://openreview.net/pdf/39d2a679b231a9c79f5e0031e24c97e052f8d1b3.pdf
Exactly Minimax-Optimal Locally Differentially Private Sampling
https://openreview.net/forum?id=Dr7UarlhVE
https://openreview.net/forum?id=Dr7UarlhVE
Hyun-Young Park,Shahab Asoodeh,Si-Hyeon Lee
NIPS 2024,Poster
The sampling problem under local differential privacy has recently been studied with potential applications to generative models, but a fundamental analysis of its privacy-utility trade-off (PUT) remains incomplete. In this work, we define the fundamental PUT of private sampling in the minimax sense, using the $f$-dive...
https://openreview.net/pdf/4db55857d23f0b9e879bd411410654e42341a38f.pdf
Pard: Permutation-Invariant Autoregressive Diffusion for Graph Generation
https://openreview.net/forum?id=x4Kk4FxLs3
https://openreview.net/forum?id=x4Kk4FxLs3
Lingxiao Zhao,Xueying Ding,Leman Akoglu
NIPS 2024,Poster
Graph generation has been dominated by autoregressive models due to their simplicity and effectiveness, despite their sensitivity to ordering. Yet diffusion models have garnered increasing attention, as they offer comparable performance while being permutation-invariant. Current graph diffusion models generate graphs i...
https://openreview.net/pdf/c1a62f1c53db519f90d14aed3ca68d4ed80a9146.pdf
Robust Reinforcement Learning with General Utility
https://openreview.net/forum?id=8Uyfr5TcNR
https://openreview.net/forum?id=8Uyfr5TcNR
Ziyi Chen,Yan Wen,Zhengmian Hu,Heng Huang
NIPS 2024,Poster
Reinforcement Learning (RL) problem with general utility is a powerful decision making framework that covers standard RL with cumulative cost, exploration problems, and demonstration learning. Existing works on RL with general utility do not consider the robustness under environmental perturbation, which is important t...
https://openreview.net/pdf/bd1e309302d23d5c27fb998972d826f00ff8c3cc.pdf
Online Estimation via Offline Estimation: An Information-Theoretic Framework
https://openreview.net/forum?id=sks7x4I8Bh
https://openreview.net/forum?id=sks7x4I8Bh
Dylan J Foster,Yanjun Han,Jian Qian,Alexander Rakhlin
NIPS 2024,Poster
The classical theory of statistical estimation aims to estimate a parameter of interest under data generated from a fixed design (''offline estimation''), while the contemporary theory of online learning provides algorithms for estimation under adaptively chosen covariates (''online estimation''). Motivated by connecti...
https://openreview.net/pdf/b8cfbc277ea416f34c48378cb8a72149176fc155.pdf
Diffusion of Thought: Chain-of-Thought Reasoning in Diffusion Language Models
https://openreview.net/forum?id=G0v0TxX01N
https://openreview.net/forum?id=G0v0TxX01N
Jiacheng Ye,Shansan Gong,Liheng Chen,Lin Zheng,Jiahui Gao,Han Shi,Chuan Wu,Xin Jiang,Zhenguo Li,Wei Bi,Lingpeng Kong
NIPS 2024,Poster
Recently, diffusion models have garnered significant interest in the field of text processing due to their many potential advantages compared to conventional autoregressive models. In this work, we propose Diffusion-of-Thought (DoT), a novel approach that integrates diffusion models with Chain-of-Thought, a well-estab...
https://openreview.net/pdf/c87cdf6b6e90f2c3f736be50639670dba4245f12.pdf
No-Regret Bandit Exploration based on Soft Tree Ensemble Model
https://openreview.net/forum?id=cKKXBhyijL
https://openreview.net/forum?id=cKKXBhyijL
Shogo Iwazaki,Shinya Suzumura
NIPS 2024,Poster
We propose a novel stochastic bandit algorithm that employs reward estimates using a tree ensemble model. Specifically, our focus is on a soft tree model, a variant of the conventional decision tree that has undergone both practical and theoretical scrutiny in recent years. By deriving several non-trivial properties of...
https://openreview.net/pdf/5f22cbcc4e1f4f15297ff48ae857d328731de108.pdf
Transfer Learning for Diffusion Models
https://openreview.net/forum?id=6emETARnWi
https://openreview.net/forum?id=6emETARnWi
Yidong Ouyang,Liyan Xie,Hongyuan Zha,Guang Cheng
NIPS 2024,Poster
Diffusion models, a specific type of generative model, have achieved unprecedented performance in recent years and consistently produce high-quality synthetic samples. A critical prerequisite for their notable success lies in the presence of a substantial number of training samples, which can be impractical in real-wor...
https://openreview.net/pdf/b69df4de4e1f7e40fdc5f172023f56acde8ecf7a.pdf
Clustering in Causal Attention Masking
https://openreview.net/forum?id=OiVxYf9trg
https://openreview.net/forum?id=OiVxYf9trg
Nikita Karagodin,Yury Polyanskiy,Philippe Rigollet
NIPS 2024,Poster
This work presents a modification of the self-attention dynamics proposed in Geshkovski et al to better reflect the practically relevant, causally masked attention used in transformer architectures for generative AI. This modification translates into an interacting particle system that cannot be interpreted as a mean-f...
https://openreview.net/pdf/1361fab0c43791b9c9dcfb0a70e718f4ecb7d356.pdf
Active Set Ordering
https://openreview.net/forum?id=GkJbXpd3wM
https://openreview.net/forum?id=GkJbXpd3wM
Quoc Phong Nguyen,Sunil Gupta,Svetha Venkatesh,Bryan Kian Hsiang Low,Patrick Jaillet
NIPS 2024,Poster
In this paper, we formalize the active set ordering problem, which involves actively discovering a set of inputs based on their orderings determined by expensive evaluations of a blackbox function. We then propose the mean prediction (MP) algorithm and theoretically analyze it in terms of the regret of predicted pairw...
https://openreview.net/pdf/a84bb38a2dbbe31a1fdccd16481727e5c72a82a0.pdf
HGDL: Heterogeneous Graph Label Distribution Learning
https://openreview.net/forum?id=OwguhIAh8R
https://openreview.net/forum?id=OwguhIAh8R
Yufei Jin,Heng Lian,Yi He,Xingquan Zhu
NIPS 2024,Poster
Label Distribution Learning (LDL) has been extensively studied in IID data applications such as computer vision, thanks to its more generic setting over single-label and multi-label classification. This paper advances LDL into graph domains and aims to tackle a novel and fundamental heterogeneous graph label distribut...
https://openreview.net/pdf/c98fe7ec6e30f7f8475be8f25e8e979518ad86be.pdf
Compressing Large Language Models using Low Rank and Low Precision Decomposition
https://openreview.net/forum?id=lkx3OpcqSZ
https://openreview.net/forum?id=lkx3OpcqSZ
Rajarshi Saha,Naomi Sagan,Varun Srivastava,Andrea Goldsmith,Mert Pilanci
NIPS 2024,Poster
The prohibitive sizes of Large Language Models (LLMs) today make it difficult to deploy them on memory-constrained edge devices. This work introduces $\rm CALDERA$ -- a new post-training LLM compression algorithm that harnesses the inherent low-rank structure of a weight matrix $\mathbf{W}$ by approximating it via a lo...
https://openreview.net/pdf/2b6005c971c3343b98f66b536c29add85a496414.pdf
Efficient Contextual LLM Cascades through Budget-Constrained Policy Learning
https://openreview.net/forum?id=aDQlAz09dS
https://openreview.net/forum?id=aDQlAz09dS
Xuechen Zhang,Zijian Huang,Ege Onur Taga,Carlee Joe-Wong,Samet Oymak,Jiasi Chen
NIPS 2024,Poster
Recent successes in natural language processing have led to the proliferation of large language models (LLMs) by multiple providers. Each LLM offering has different inference accuracy, monetary cost, and latency, and their accuracy further depends on the exact wording of the question (i.e., the specific prompt). At the...
https://openreview.net/pdf/6edc8a474ffa7f439968f38dd2ced40f203ae8db.pdf