Datasets:

electricsheepafrica
/

meningitis-belt-surveillance

id int64	age_years int64	sex string	country string	epi_week int64	dry_season int64	outbreak_context int64	hiv_positive int64	sickle_cell int64	overcrowded_housing int64	fever int64	headache int64	neck_stiffness int64	altered_consciousness int64	seizures int64	petechial_rash int64	bulging_fontanelle int64	duration_symptoms_days int64	lumbar_puncture_done int64	csf_appearance string	csf_wbc int64	csf_protein int64	csf_glucose int64	gram_stain_done int64	gram_stain_result string	culture_done int64	culture_result string	pcr_result string	confirmed_pathogen string	nm_serogroup string	case_classification string	menafrivac_received int64	pcv_received int64	hib_received int64	antibiotic_given int64	antibiotic_type string	iv_fluids int64	time_to_antibiotics_hours float64	outcome string	sequelae string
1	24	F	cameroon	23	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	turbid	183	104	33	1	no_organisms	1	no_growth	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	probable	0	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	0.5	survived	none
2	20	M	nigeria	51	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	2	0	not_done	-1	-1	-1	0	not_done	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	suspected	1	0	0	1	chloramphenicol	1	2.1	died	none
3	26	F	ethiopia	35	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	3	1	turbid	88	153	32	1	no_organisms	1	neisseria_meningitidis	not_done	neisseria_meningitidis	C	confirmed	1	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	0	7.9	survived	none
4	3	M	central_african_republic	2	1	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	1	1	bloody	2,017	109	14	0	not_done	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	suspected	0	1	1	1	ampicillin	1	1.9	survived	epilepsy
5	22	M	gambia	38	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	0	5	1	bloody	705	62	29	1	no_organisms	1	no_growth	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	suspected	1	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	0	4.7	died	none
6	3	M	burkina_faso	28	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	1	1	bloody	1,964	103	9	1	no_organisms	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	suspected	1	0	1	1	ceftriaxone	0	1.1	survived	none
7	33	F	eritrea	39	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	2	1	clear	1,144	161	41	0	not_done	1	neisseria_meningitidis	not_done	neisseria_meningitidis	X	confirmed	0	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	2.6	died	none
8	29	M	cameroon	7	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	bloody	2,090	130	16	1	gram_positive_diplococci	1	neisseria_meningitidis	not_done	neisseria_meningitidis	W	confirmed	0	0	0	1	ampicillin	0	2.4	survived	hearing_loss
9	38	M	mali	42	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	clear	3,423	490	2	1	gram_negative_diplococci	0	not_done	not_done	probable_nm	C	confirmed	1	0	0	0	none	1	7.2	died	none
10	1	M	niger	2	1	1	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	1	0	1	1	1	turbid	82	88	37	1	no_organisms	1	no_growth	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	probable	0	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	0	7	survived	none
11	12	F	niger	21	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	1	0	not_done	-1	-1	-1	0	not_done	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	suspected	0	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	12.9	survived	none
12	16	F	niger	15	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	1	0	0	1	1	clear	1,339	98	20	1	gram_negative_diplococci	0	not_done	not_done	probable_nm	C	confirmed	1	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	13.7	survived	none
13	59	M	burkina_faso	7	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	1	bloody	4,801	187	42	1	no_organisms	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	suspected	0	0	0	1	ampicillin	0	1.9	survived	none
14	0	F	burkina_faso	31	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	0	1	0	1	1	clear	35	213	31	0	not_done	1	neisseria_meningitidis	not_done	neisseria_meningitidis	C	confirmed	0	0	1	0	none	1	0.5	died	none
15	1	F	niger	32	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	1	0	1	1	1	turbid	2,338	140	0	1	gram_negative_diplococci	0	not_done	not_done	probable_nm	other	confirmed	1	1	1	1	chloramphenicol	0	1.2	died	none
16	50	F	gambia	24	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	5	1	turbid	121	206	22	1	gram_positive_diplococci	0	not_done	not_done	probable_sp	not_applicable	confirmed	0	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	5.8	survived	cognitive_impairment
17	6	F	mali	12	1	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	4	0	not_done	-1	-1	-1	0	not_done	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	suspected	0	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	0	3.2	survived	none
18	0	F	burkina_faso	4	1	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	bloody	861	246	0	1	gram_positive_diplococci	1	neisseria_meningitidis	not_done	neisseria_meningitidis	W	confirmed	0	1	1	1	ampicillin	1	3.6	survived	cognitive_impairment
19	8	F	nigeria	5	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	clear	1,595	182	16	0	not_done	1	streptococcus_pneumoniae	not_done	streptococcus_pneumoniae	not_applicable	confirmed	1	0	0	1	chloramphenicol	1	9.1	survived	none
20	40	F	nigeria	31	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	1	1	0	0	0	1	0	not_done	-1	-1	-1	0	not_done	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	suspected	0	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	9.9	survived	none
21	28	F	togo	25	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	not_done	-1	-1	-1	0	not_done	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	suspected	1	0	0	1	chloramphenicol	1	3.5	died	none
22	29	F	chad	26	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	1	0	3	1	turbid	2,272	57	26	0	not_done	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	probable	0	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	6.7	died	none
23	7	M	nigeria	36	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	not_done	-1	-1	-1	0	not_done	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	suspected	1	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	0	5.6	died	none
24	6	F	senegal	52	1	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	1	1	bloody	1,034	109	14	0	not_done	1	neisseria_meningitidis	not_done	neisseria_meningitidis	other	confirmed	1	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	1.1	survived	epilepsy
25	2	F	ethiopia	30	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	0	0	1	1	bloody	1,317	175	34	0	not_done	1	neisseria_meningitidis	not_done	neisseria_meningitidis	C	confirmed	1	1	1	1	ceftriaxone	1	0.7	survived	hearing_loss
26	7	M	burkina_faso	22	0	0	0	1	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	turbid	1,166	346	24	0	not_done	1	streptococcus_pneumoniae	not_done	streptococcus_pneumoniae	not_applicable	confirmed	0	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	9.4	died	none
27	4	M	gambia	2	1	1	0	0	0	1	0	1	1	0	0	0	1	0	not_done	-1	-1	-1	0	not_done	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	suspected	1	0	0	1	chloramphenicol	1	6.1	died	none
28	11	M	burkina_faso	17	1	0	1	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	turbid	237	69	19	1	no_organisms	1	neisseria_meningitidis	not_done	neisseria_meningitidis	B	confirmed	0	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	0.5	survived	none
29	29	M	senegal	44	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	2	0	not_done	-1	-1	-1	0	not_done	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	suspected	1	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	0	5.9	survived	epilepsy
30	6	M	ghana	36	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	2	1	clear	2,922	356	3	0	not_done	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	suspected	0	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	0	0.5	survived	none
31	28	M	nigeria	47	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	1	0	0	0	1	1	clear	1,796	266	5	1	no_organisms	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	suspected	1	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	5.7	died	none
32	5	F	chad	50	1	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	1	turbid	182	29	7	1	gram_negative_diplococci	1	neisseria_meningitidis	not_done	neisseria_meningitidis	X	confirmed	1	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	4.6	survived	none
33	3	M	eritrea	49	1	1	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	turbid	2,536	168	6	0	not_done	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	probable	1	1	1	1	ceftriaxone	1	0.5	survived	none
34	35	F	niger	9	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	3	1	turbid	1,965	83	9	1	no_organisms	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	probable	0	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	0	6.6	survived	hydrocephalus
35	4	M	niger	4	1	1	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	5	1	turbid	582	237	29	1	no_organisms	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	probable	0	1	0	1	ampicillin	1	8.2	survived	none
36	23	F	nigeria	27	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	turbid	2,484	34	4	1	gram_negative_diplococci	1	neisseria_meningitidis	not_done	neisseria_meningitidis	C	confirmed	0	0	0	0	none	1	3.8	survived	none
37	26	F	nigeria	14	1	0	0	0	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	turbid	1,472	123	7	0	not_done	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	probable	0	0	0	0	none	0	3.7	survived	none
38	11	F	nigeria	13	1	0	0	0	1	1	0	1	1	0	0	0	3	1	clear	932	177	0	1	gram_negative_diplococci	1	haemophilus_influenzae	not_done	haemophilus_influenzae	not_applicable	confirmed	0	0	0	0	none	1	8.7	died	none
39	37	M	south_sudan	35	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	bloody	782	313	29	1	gram_negative_bacilli	1	no_growth	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	suspected	0	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	8.4	survived	none
40	39	F	burkina_faso	8	1	1	0	0	1	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	1	1	clear	2,412	173	9	1	gram_negative_diplococci	0	not_done	not_done	probable_nm	C	confirmed	0	0	0	1	chloramphenicol	1	1.2	died	none
41	29	M	niger	7	1	1	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	2	1	turbid	5,687	174	0	1	gram_positive_diplococci	0	not_done	not_done	probable_sp	not_applicable	confirmed	0	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	2.6	survived	none
42	16	F	nigeria	43	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	2	1	clear	1,859	300	16	1	gram_negative_diplococci	1	neisseria_meningitidis	not_done	neisseria_meningitidis	W	confirmed	1	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	3.4	survived	hearing_loss
43	1	M	senegal	19	1	1	0	0	1	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	3	0	not_done	-1	-1	-1	0	not_done	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	suspected	1	1	1	0	none	1	4.5	survived	none
44	7	M	nigeria	51	1	0	0	0	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	3	0	not_done	-1	-1	-1	0	not_done	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	suspected	0	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	4.3	survived	none
45	8	M	nigeria	17	1	1	0	0	1	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	1	1	turbid	3,907	162	25	1	gram_negative_diplococci	1	haemophilus_influenzae	not_done	haemophilus_influenzae	not_applicable	confirmed	1	0	0	1	chloramphenicol	0	8	died	none
46	29	F	nigeria	18	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	4	0	not_done	-1	-1	-1	0	not_done	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	suspected	1	0	0	1	chloramphenicol	1	7.2	survived	none
47	14	M	burkina_faso	20	1	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	turbid	77	296	24	1	gram_negative_diplococci	1	neisseria_meningitidis	not_done	neisseria_meningitidis	C	confirmed	0	0	0	1	chloramphenicol	0	0.8	survived	none
48	20	M	burkina_faso	23	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	1	0	0	8	1	turbid	2,125	246	14	0	not_done	1	streptococcus_pneumoniae	not_done	streptococcus_pneumoniae	not_applicable	confirmed	1	0	0	1	ampicillin	1	1.8	survived	epilepsy
49	23	F	south_sudan	44	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	turbid	2,139	324	3	0	not_done	1	no_growth	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	probable	1	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	20	survived	none
50	60	M	burkina_faso	51	1	1	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	1	0	not_done	-1	-1	-1	0	not_done	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	suspected	0	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	2.3	survived	none
51	3	F	guinea_bissau	17	1	0	0	0	1	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	not_done	-1	-1	-1	0	not_done	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	suspected	1	1	1	1	ceftriaxone	1	16.6	died	none
52	30	F	chad	25	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	3	1	bloody	994	245	34	1	gram_negative_bacilli	1	neisseria_meningitidis	not_done	neisseria_meningitidis	X	confirmed	1	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	0	21.9	survived	hydrocephalus
53	2	M	chad	11	1	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	2	1	turbid	3,985	232	2	0	not_done	1	no_growth	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	probable	1	1	1	1	ceftriaxone	1	5.1	survived	cognitive_impairment
54	4	M	ethiopia	20	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	turbid	2,701	255	24	1	no_organisms	1	neisseria_meningitidis	not_done	neisseria_meningitidis	X	confirmed	0	0	0	0	none	1	6.9	died	none
55	24	M	mali	49	1	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	1	1	bloody	811	118	2	1	gram_negative_diplococci	0	not_done	not_done	probable_nm	C	confirmed	1	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	0	8.3	survived	hearing_loss
56	8	M	niger	52	1	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	2	1	clear	3,283	245	24	0	not_done	1	other_bacterial	not_done	other_bacterial	not_applicable	confirmed	0	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	3.3	survived	none
57	48	M	nigeria	42	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	0	0	2	0	not_done	-1	-1	-1	0	not_done	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	suspected	1	0	0	0	none	0	0.6	died	none
58	48	F	ethiopia	16	1	1	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	turbid	1,247	188	37	1	no_organisms	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	probable	1	0	0	1	chloramphenicol	1	1.1	survived	none
59	27	F	nigeria	48	1	0	0	0	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	2	1	clear	1,083	298	25	0	not_done	1	neisseria_meningitidis	not_done	neisseria_meningitidis	X	confirmed	1	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	6.8	died	none
60	9	M	ethiopia	50	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	1	0	1	0	8	1	turbid	3,876	223	48	1	gram_positive_diplococci	1	no_growth	not_done	probable_sp	not_applicable	confirmed	0	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	14.7	survived	none
61	2	M	niger	12	1	1	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	turbid	724	63	17	0	not_done	1	neisseria_meningitidis	not_done	neisseria_meningitidis	C	confirmed	0	1	0	0	none	1	2.6	died	none
62	3	F	nigeria	36	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	5	1	turbid	496	78	32	1	gram_negative_bacilli	1	no_growth	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	probable	1	0	1	1	ceftriaxone	0	5.5	survived	none
63	0	M	benin	27	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	1	0	0	1	1	turbid	406	143	13	1	gram_negative_diplococci	0	not_done	not_done	probable_nm	W	confirmed	0	0	1	0	none	1	1.4	survived	hearing_loss
64	4	F	cote_divoire	14	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	6	0	not_done	-1	-1	-1	0	not_done	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	suspected	0	0	1	1	ceftriaxone	1	3.6	survived	none
65	27	M	niger	18	1	1	0	0	1	1	1	1	1	1	0	0	1	1	turbid	2,586	183	35	1	gram_positive_diplococci	1	streptococcus_pneumoniae	not_done	streptococcus_pneumoniae	not_applicable	confirmed	1	0	0	1	chloramphenicol	1	3.1	died	none
66	4	F	central_african_republic	11	1	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	1	1	turbid	853	219	0	0	not_done	1	streptococcus_pneumoniae	not_done	streptococcus_pneumoniae	not_applicable	confirmed	1	1	1	1	ceftriaxone	1	7.5	survived	hydrocephalus
67	0	F	burkina_faso	49	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	turbid	2,625	10	36	1	gram_negative_diplococci	0	not_done	not_done	probable_nm	X	confirmed	0	1	1	1	ceftriaxone	0	1.6	survived	none
68	6	M	senegal	45	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	0	1	0	not_done	-1	-1	-1	0	not_done	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	suspected	1	0	0	1	chloramphenicol	1	11.7	survived	none
69	17	F	chad	7	1	1	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	turbid	2,731	10	23	1	gram_positive_diplococci	1	no_growth	not_done	probable_sp	not_applicable	confirmed	1	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	5.9	survived	none
70	0	F	burkina_faso	41	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	1	0	0	1	1	bloody	69	88	37	1	gram_positive_diplococci	0	not_done	not_done	probable_sp	not_applicable	confirmed	0	1	1	1	ampicillin	1	2.1	survived	none
71	14	M	chad	51	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	1	clear	1,227	100	24	1	gram_negative_diplococci	0	not_done	not_done	probable_nm	W	confirmed	1	0	0	0	none	1	0.8	died	none
72	1	F	niger	13	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	1	0	0	1	3	1	bloody	422	165	0	1	gram_negative_diplococci	1	neisseria_meningitidis	not_done	neisseria_meningitidis	C	confirmed	1	1	1	1	ceftriaxone	1	9.5	survived	none
73	12	M	ethiopia	28	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	1	turbid	1,247	148	41	0	not_done	1	neisseria_meningitidis	not_done	neisseria_meningitidis	W	confirmed	1	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	16.9	died	none
74	62	M	chad	23	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	not_done	-1	-1	-1	0	not_done	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	suspected	0	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	0.5	survived	none
75	2	M	mali	49	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	1	0	0	3	1	turbid	2,651	267	8	1	gram_negative_diplococci	0	not_done	not_done	probable_nm	W	confirmed	0	1	0	1	ceftriaxone	0	7.6	survived	none
76	8	F	niger	10	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	turbid	490	272	6	1	gram_negative_diplococci	1	neisseria_meningitidis	not_done	neisseria_meningitidis	C	confirmed	1	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	17.9	survived	none
77	40	F	ethiopia	28	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	1	0	0	4	1	clear	2,618	123	21	0	not_done	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	suspected	1	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	0	2.7	survived	motor_deficit
78	4	F	ethiopia	5	1	1	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	1	0	1	1	bloody	1,192	267	0	1	gram_negative_diplococci	1	streptococcus_pneumoniae	not_done	streptococcus_pneumoniae	not_applicable	confirmed	1	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	6	died	none
79	27	F	burkina_faso	26	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	1	1	0	0	0	1	1	clear	349	245	25	0	not_done	1	streptococcus_pneumoniae	not_done	streptococcus_pneumoniae	not_applicable	confirmed	1	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	0	13.1	died	none
80	54	M	burkina_faso	44	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	not_done	-1	-1	-1	0	not_done	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	suspected	1	0	0	1	chloramphenicol	1	7	survived	none
81	8	M	nigeria	28	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	1	1	0	0	0	2	1	turbid	216	208	61	1	gram_negative_bacilli	1	streptococcus_pneumoniae	not_done	streptococcus_pneumoniae	not_applicable	confirmed	0	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	2.5	died	none
82	0	F	ethiopia	29	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	1	1	turbid	247	311	14	1	no_organisms	1	neisseria_meningitidis	not_done	neisseria_meningitidis	X	confirmed	0	1	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	6.6	survived	none
83	9	F	ghana	17	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	turbid	2,014	155	34	1	no_organisms	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	probable	1	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	2.5	survived	none
84	0	M	central_african_republic	31	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	turbid	4,197	198	47	1	gram_negative_diplococci	0	not_done	not_done	probable_nm	W	confirmed	0	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	0	2.6	died	none
85	62	M	mali	46	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	1	0	3	0	not_done	-1	-1	-1	0	not_done	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	suspected	0	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	1.8	died	none
86	2	M	niger	44	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	1	0	0	6	0	not_done	-1	-1	-1	0	not_done	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	suspected	1	0	1	1	ceftriaxone	0	13	survived	cognitive_impairment
87	5	M	niger	23	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	clear	28	224	35	1	gram_positive_diplococci	0	not_done	not_done	probable_sp	not_applicable	confirmed	0	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	0.5	died	none
88	16	M	mali	52	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	0	1	1	turbid	1,908	308	11	1	gram_positive_diplococci	0	not_done	not_done	probable_sp	not_applicable	confirmed	0	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	3.1	survived	none
89	45	F	chad	22	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	2	0	not_done	-1	-1	-1	0	not_done	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	suspected	1	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	0	10.2	survived	none
90	42	F	mali	12	1	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	turbid	2,041	100	34	0	not_done	1	no_growth	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	probable	1	0	0	0	none	0	4.7	survived	none
91	36	F	ethiopia	22	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	clear	2,520	282	0	1	gram_positive_diplococci	1	streptococcus_pneumoniae	not_done	streptococcus_pneumoniae	not_applicable	confirmed	0	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	7.1	survived	none
92	50	M	mali	45	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	3	0	not_done	-1	-1	-1	0	not_done	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	suspected	1	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	14.3	survived	none
93	12	F	chad	43	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	1	1	1	0	0	1	1	bloody	30	104	17	0	not_done	1	streptococcus_pneumoniae	not_done	streptococcus_pneumoniae	not_applicable	confirmed	1	0	0	1	chloramphenicol	1	13.3	died	none
94	2	M	nigeria	29	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	1	0	0	2	0	not_done	-1	-1	-1	0	not_done	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	suspected	1	1	1	1	ceftriaxone	0	0.5	survived	none
95	47	F	chad	37	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	not_done	-1	-1	-1	0	not_done	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	suspected	1	0	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	3	survived	hearing_loss
96	0	M	niger	34	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	2	1	turbid	3,458	176	56	1	gram_negative_diplococci	1	neisseria_meningitidis	not_done	neisseria_meningitidis	C	confirmed	0	1	0	1	ceftriaxone	1	10.3	died	none
97	0	M	senegal	30	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	2	1	turbid	1,647	276	34	1	gram_positive_diplococci	0	not_done	not_done	probable_sp	not_applicable	confirmed	0	1	1	1	chloramphenicol	1	13.6	died	none
98	3	M	burkina_faso	31	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	turbid	2,647	174	28	1	gram_positive_diplococci	1	streptococcus_pneumoniae	not_done	streptococcus_pneumoniae	not_applicable	confirmed	1	0	1	1	ceftriaxone	1	6.4	died	none
99	2	M	chad	15	1	1	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	1	0	1	0	not_done	-1	-1	-1	0	not_done	0	not_done	not_done	unknown	not_applicable	suspected	1	0	0	1	ampicillin	1	2.7	survived	none
100	0	M	guinea	52	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	1	1	1	clear	3,757	212	14	1	gram_positive_diplococci	0	not_done	not_done	probable_sp	not_applicable	confirmed	0	0	1	1	ceftriaxone	1	12.1	survived	none

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Meningitis Belt Surveillance Dataset

Abstract

This dataset provides 30,000 simulated meningitis surveillance records (10,000 per scenario) from the African meningitis belt (19 countries, Senegal to Ethiopia). Each record contains 50+ variables including demographics, clinical signs, CSF findings, pathogen identification (Nm serogroup, Sp, Hi), MenAfriVac vaccination status, antibiotic treatment, and outcomes including sequelae. Three settings: reference laboratory (CFR 16%), district hospital (27%), and health post (46%).

1. Introduction

The African meningitis belt stretches across 19 contiguous countries from Senegal to Ethiopia, experiencing recurrent dry-season epidemics. MenAfriVac, introduced since 2010, has vaccinated >300 million people and reduced serogroup A incidence by >99% (LaForce et al., 2018). However, serogroup replacement with C, W, and X is now causing outbreaks (CDC EID 2024). CFR ranges from 10-15% with appropriate treatment to up to 50% untreated. Sequelae affect ~25% of survivors, predominantly hearing loss.

This dataset is entirely simulated. It must not be used for clinical decision-making.

2. Methodology

2.1 Parameterization

Parameter	Value	Source
Belt countries	19 (Senegal→Ethiopia)	WHO 2024
Serogroup A reduction	>99% post-MenAfriVac	LaForce et al., 2018
MenAfriVac coverage	>300M vaccinated	LaForce et al., 2018
Serogroup replacement	C, W, X dominant	CDC EID 2024
CFR (treated)	10-15%	Brouwer et al., PLoS Med 2023
CFR (untreated)	up to 50%	Multiple sources
Sequelae rate	25% of survivors	Brouwer et al., 2023

2.2 Scenario Design

Scenario	Facility	LP/Culture	PCR	CFR	Confirmed
Reference lab	National lab	Yes	Yes	16%	70%
District hospital	Basic culture	Yes	No	27%	67%
Health post	Clinical only	No	No	46%	12%

3. Schema

Column	Type	Description
id	int	Unique identifier
age_years	int	Patient age
sex	categorical	M / F
country	categorical	19 meningitis belt countries
epi_week	int	Epidemiological week
dry_season	binary	Dry season
outbreak_context	binary	Outbreak context
hiv_positive	binary	HIV status
sickle_cell	binary	Sickle cell disease
overcrowded_housing	binary	Overcrowded housing
fever	binary	Fever
headache	binary	Headache
neck_stiffness	binary	Neck stiffness
altered_consciousness	binary	Altered consciousness
seizures	binary	Seizures
petechial_rash	binary	Petechial rash
bulging_fontanelle	binary	Bulging fontanelle (infants)
duration_symptoms_days	int	Symptom duration
lumbar_puncture_done	binary	LP performed
csf_appearance	categorical	turbid / clear / bloody / not_done
csf_wbc	int	CSF WBC count
csf_protein	int	CSF protein
csf_glucose	int	CSF glucose
gram_stain_done	binary	Gram stain
gram_stain_result	categorical	GN diplococci / GP diplococci / etc.
culture_done	binary	Culture performed
culture_result	categorical	Nm / Sp / Hi / other / no_growth
pcr_done	binary	PCR performed
pcr_result	categorical	Nm / Sp / Hi detected / not_detected
confirmed_pathogen	categorical	Confirmed/probable pathogen
nm_serogroup	categorical	A / C / W / X / B / other
case_classification	categorical	suspected / probable / confirmed
menafrivac_received	binary	MenAfriVac vaccination
pcv_received	binary	PCV vaccination
hib_received	binary	Hib vaccination
antibiotic_given	binary	Antibiotic administered
antibiotic_type	categorical	ceftriaxone / chloramphenicol / ampicillin
dexamethasone_given	binary	Dexamethasone
iv_fluids	binary	IV fluids
oxygen_given	binary	Oxygen
time_to_antibiotics_hours	float	Time to antibiotics
outcome	categorical	survived / died
sequelae	categorical	hearing_loss / cognitive / motor / epilepsy / hydrocephalus / none

4. Validation

Validation Report

Key validation checks:

CFR gradient: 16% → 27% → 46%, reflecting treatment access ✓
Serogroup replacement: C (30%) and W (35%) dominant post-MenAfriVac ✓
Serogroup A near-eliminated: Only 5% ✓
LP/confirmation gap: 75% at hospital vs 15% at health post ✓
Dry season pattern: Cases peak epi weeks 1-20 ✓
Sequelae ~25%: Hearing loss most common ✓

5. Usage

from datasets import load_dataset
dataset = load_dataset("electricsheepafrica/meningitis-belt-surveillance", "district_hospital")
df = dataset["train"].to_pandas()

python generate_dataset.py --all-scenarios --n 10000 --seed 42

6. Limitations

Simulated: Not derived from real surveillance data.
No geographic coordinates: Country-level only, no district/health area.
No molecular typing: Serogroup only, no MLST/WGS.
Simplified seasonality: No climate covariates (humidity, dust).
No reactive vaccination: No mass vaccination response modelled.

7. References

WHO (2024). Meningitis belt surveillance.
Trotter CL, et al. (2017). MenAfriVac impact. Lancet Infect Dis, 17(8):867.
CDC EID (2024). NmC CC10217 expansion. Emerg Infect Dis, 30(3).
Brouwer MC, et al. (2023). Bacterial meningitis Africa. PLoS Med, 20(3):e1004078.
WHO (2021). Defeating meningitis by 2030 roadmap.
Greenwood B (2009). Meningitis belt epidemics. Vaccine, 27 Suppl 2:B13.
LaForce FM, et al. (2018). MenAfriVac programme. Hum Vaccin Immunother, 14(5):1103.

Citation

@dataset{esa_meningitis_2025,
  title={Meningitis Belt Surveillance Dataset},
  author={Electric Sheep Africa},
  year={2025},
  publisher={Hugging Face},
  url={https://huggingface.co/datasets/electricsheepafrica/meningitis-belt-surveillance}
}

License

CC-BY-4.0

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