Datasets:

electricsheepafrica
/

rheumatic-heart-disease

id int64	age_years int64	sex string	education string	socioeconomic_status string	overcrowded_housing int64	hiv_positive int64	detection_mode string	whf_category string	history_arf int64	arf_episodes int64	age_at_first_arf int64	sore_throat_history int64	mitral_valve_disease int64	aortic_valve_disease int64	tricuspid_valve_disease int64	mitral_lesion string	aortic_lesion string	valve_severity string	multivalve int64	nyha_class int64	atrial_fibrillation int64	lvef_percent int64	lv_dysfunction int64	pulmonary_hypertension int64	congestive_heart_failure int64	stroke int64	recurrent_arf int64	on_penicillin_prophylaxis int64	penicillin_adherence string	on_diuretics int64	on_ace_inhibitor int64	on_beta_blocker int64	on_digoxin int64	on_anticoagulation int64	anticoagulation_type string	inr_in_range int64	surgery_type string	referred_for_surgery int64	outcome_2yr string	functional_status_2yr string
1	34	F	secondary	low	0	0	echo_screening	borderline	0	0	-1	1	1	0	0	mixed	none	mild	0	1	0	50	0	0	0	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	good
2	48	F	primary	low	1	0	echo_screening	borderline	0	0	-1	0	1	0	0	regurgitation	none	mild	0	1	1	63	0	0	0	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	good
3	34	M	none	middle	0	0	echo_screening	borderline	0	0	-1	1	1	1	0	regurgitation	stenosis	moderate	1	3	0	57	0	0	1	0	0	0	not_applicable	1	0	0	1	0	none	0	none	0	died	unknown
4	16	M	secondary	middle	0	0	clinical_presentation	definite	0	0	-1	1	1	1	0	regurgitation	regurgitation	moderate	1	1	0	56	0	0	1	0	0	1	good	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	moderate
5	22	F	secondary	low	1	0	echo_screening	borderline	0	0	-1	1	1	0	0	mixed	none	moderate	0	3	0	50	0	0	0	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	died	unknown
6	24	M	none	low	0	0	echo_screening	borderline	0	0	-1	1	1	1	0	regurgitation	mixed	mild	1	1	0	61	0	0	0	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	good
7	17	F	tertiary	low	0	0	echo_screening	borderline	0	0	-1	0	1	0	1	mixed	none	mild	1	1	0	75	0	0	0	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	good
8	15	M	tertiary	low	1	0	echo_screening	definite	0	0	-1	0	1	0	0	mixed	none	severe	0	3	1	58	0	1	0	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	1	1	0	none	0	none	0	died	unknown
9	24	F	secondary	low	1	0	clinical_presentation	definite	0	0	-1	1	1	0	0	regurgitation	none	severe	0	4	0	40	1	1	0	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	poor
10	22	F	none	middle	0	0	clinical_presentation	definite	1	6	16	0	1	1	0	stenosis	mixed	severe	1	3	1	53	0	0	0	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	0	1	1	warfarin	1	none	0	died	unknown
11	14	M	primary	low	1	1	clinical_presentation	definite	1	1	13	0	1	0	0	mixed	none	severe	0	1	1	73	0	1	1	0	0	0	not_applicable	1	0	1	0	1	aspirin	0	none	0	alive	moderate
12	58	F	secondary	middle	1	0	clinical_presentation	definite	0	0	-1	1	1	0	0	regurgitation	none	moderate	0	2	1	34	1	0	1	0	0	0	not_applicable	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	moderate
13	49	F	secondary	middle	1	0	clinical_presentation	definite	0	0	-1	0	1	0	1	mixed	none	mild	1	3	1	48	1	0	0	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	0	1	0	none	0	none	0	died	unknown
14	34	M	secondary	middle	0	0	echo_screening	definite	0	0	-1	1	1	1	1	regurgitation	stenosis	moderate	1	3	0	60	0	0	0	0	0	1	moderate	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	died	unknown
15	5	F	primary	middle	0	0	echo_screening	borderline	0	0	-1	1	1	0	0	regurgitation	none	moderate	0	3	1	66	0	0	0	1	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	1	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	moderate
16	58	F	none	high	0	0	echo_screening	borderline	0	0	-1	0	1	0	1	mixed	none	mild	1	1	1	59	0	0	1	0	0	1	good	1	0	0	1	0	none	0	none	0	died	unknown
17	59	F	secondary	middle	1	0	clinical_presentation	definite	0	0	-1	0	1	0	0	mixed	none	mild	0	1	0	71	0	0	0	0	0	1	poor	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	good
18	14	M	primary	high	0	0	echo_screening	borderline	0	0	-1	1	1	0	0	stenosis	none	mild	0	3	1	56	0	0	0	0	0	1	good	0	0	1	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	moderate
19	16	M	secondary	low	1	0	clinical_presentation	definite	1	4	14	0	1	0	0	regurgitation	none	moderate	0	3	0	55	0	0	0	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	moderate
20	9	M	secondary	low	1	0	clinical_presentation	definite	1	1	4	0	1	1	0	regurgitation	regurgitation	severe	1	4	0	33	1	0	0	0	1	1	moderate	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	died	unknown
21	58	F	secondary	high	1	0	clinical_presentation	definite	1	3	8	0	1	1	0	regurgitation	stenosis	moderate	1	1	1	41	1	0	0	0	0	1	moderate	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	good
22	39	F	secondary	high	0	0	clinical_presentation	definite	0	0	-1	1	1	0	0	stenosis	none	mild	0	1	1	56	0	0	0	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	1	1	0	none	0	none	0	alive	good
23	56	F	secondary	high	0	0	echo_screening	definite	1	3	18	0	1	0	0	regurgitation	none	mild	0	1	0	53	0	0	0	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	good
24	34	F	tertiary	middle	1	0	clinical_presentation	definite	1	6	9	0	1	1	0	stenosis	regurgitation	moderate	1	3	0	39	1	0	0	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	moderate
25	20	M	none	low	0	0	echo_screening	borderline	0	0	-1	1	1	0	0	mixed	none	mild	0	1	0	72	0	0	1	0	0	0	not_applicable	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	died	unknown
26	23	F	secondary	middle	1	0	clinical_presentation	definite	1	5	6	1	1	0	0	stenosis	none	severe	0	4	1	47	1	0	0	0	0	1	moderate	0	0	1	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	poor
27	14	M	none	low	1	0	clinical_presentation	definite	1	1	7	1	1	0	0	regurgitation	none	moderate	0	2	1	57	0	0	0	1	0	1	moderate	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	good
28	14	F	secondary	low	1	0	clinical_presentation	definite	0	0	-1	0	1	1	1	mixed	regurgitation	mild	1	1	1	40	1	0	1	0	0	0	not_applicable	1	0	0	1	0	none	0	none	0	alive	moderate
29	17	F	secondary	high	1	0	clinical_presentation	definite	0	0	-1	0	1	0	0	regurgitation	none	mild	0	1	1	53	0	0	0	0	0	1	poor	0	0	0	1	1	aspirin	0	none	0	alive	good
30	24	F	none	low	0	0	clinical_presentation	definite	0	0	-1	0	1	0	0	regurgitation	none	moderate	0	2	0	32	1	0	1	0	0	0	not_applicable	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	moderate
31	32	F	secondary	high	1	0	clinical_presentation	definite	0	0	-1	1	1	1	0	regurgitation	stenosis	mild	1	3	1	69	0	0	0	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	moderate
32	35	F	secondary	middle	1	0	echo_screening	definite	1	2	19	1	1	0	0	regurgitation	none	severe	0	3	1	51	0	0	1	0	0	1	good	1	1	0	1	1	aspirin	0	none	0	died	unknown
33	14	F	primary	low	1	0	echo_screening	borderline	0	0	-1	1	1	1	0	mixed	mixed	moderate	1	4	0	38	1	0	1	0	0	0	not_applicable	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	poor
34	6	M	primary	high	0	0	clinical_presentation	definite	1	3	5	1	1	1	0	mixed	regurgitation	moderate	1	2	1	59	0	0	0	0	0	1	good	0	0	1	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	good
35	17	F	secondary	low	1	0	echo_screening	borderline	0	0	-1	0	1	0	0	regurgitation	none	mild	0	1	0	65	0	0	0	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	good
36	49	F	secondary	low	1	0	clinical_presentation	definite	1	3	13	1	1	0	0	regurgitation	none	severe	0	3	1	51	0	1	1	0	0	1	poor	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	died	unknown
37	39	M	primary	high	0	0	clinical_presentation	definite	0	0	-1	1	1	0	0	regurgitation	none	moderate	0	3	0	51	0	0	0	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	moderate
38	13	M	secondary	middle	0	1	clinical_presentation	definite	1	3	12	1	1	1	0	mixed	regurgitation	moderate	1	3	0	28	1	0	1	0	0	1	poor	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	moderate
39	16	F	primary	middle	0	0	clinical_presentation	definite	1	8	15	0	1	1	0	regurgitation	regurgitation	severe	1	4	1	39	1	0	0	0	0	1	moderate	0	0	0	1	0	none	0	none	0	died	unknown
40	58	F	none	low	0	0	echo_screening	borderline	0	0	-1	1	1	1	0	stenosis	stenosis	mild	1	2	0	67	0	0	1	0	0	0	not_applicable	1	0	0	1	0	none	0	none	0	alive	moderate
41	18	F	secondary	low	1	0	echo_screening	borderline	0	0	-1	0	1	0	1	regurgitation	none	mild	1	1	1	58	0	0	0	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	0	1	1	aspirin	0	none	0	alive	good
42	22	F	none	low	0	0	echo_screening	borderline	0	0	-1	0	1	0	0	regurgitation	none	moderate	0	1	1	46	1	0	1	0	0	0	not_applicable	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	moderate
43	49	M	secondary	low	0	0	echo_screening	definite	0	0	-1	1	1	0	0	regurgitation	none	moderate	0	3	0	42	1	0	1	0	0	1	moderate	1	1	0	1	0	none	0	none	0	died	unknown
44	43	F	primary	high	0	0	echo_screening	borderline	0	0	-1	1	1	1	0	regurgitation	regurgitation	mild	1	1	1	57	0	0	0	0	0	1	moderate	0	0	1	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	good
45	53	M	none	middle	1	0	echo_screening	definite	0	0	-1	0	1	0	0	mixed	none	moderate	0	3	1	38	1	0	1	0	0	1	moderate	1	1	1	1	1	aspirin	0	none	0	died	unknown
46	15	F	primary	middle	0	0	clinical_presentation	definite	1	2	13	1	1	0	0	regurgitation	none	mild	0	2	0	64	0	0	0	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	good
47	39	F	primary	high	0	1	clinical_presentation	definite	0	0	-1	1	1	0	0	regurgitation	none	moderate	0	1	0	36	1	0	0	0	0	1	good	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	good
48	15	F	tertiary	high	0	0	echo_screening	definite	1	1	14	1	1	0	0	regurgitation	none	moderate	0	2	1	58	0	0	0	0	0	1	moderate	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	good
49	22	M	primary	middle	1	0	clinical_presentation	definite	1	1	15	1	1	0	1	stenosis	none	severe	1	3	1	45	1	1	1	0	1	0	not_applicable	1	0	1	0	0	none	0	none	1	died	unknown
50	52	M	secondary	high	0	0	clinical_presentation	definite	1	2	13	0	1	0	0	mixed	none	severe	0	4	0	39	1	0	1	0	0	0	not_applicable	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	died	unknown
51	12	F	primary	high	0	1	clinical_presentation	definite	1	2	11	0	1	1	0	regurgitation	regurgitation	moderate	1	4	0	49	1	0	1	0	0	0	not_applicable	1	1	0	1	0	none	0	none	0	alive	poor
52	41	F	secondary	middle	1	0	echo_screening	borderline	0	0	-1	1	1	0	0	mixed	none	mild	0	1	0	59	0	0	0	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	good
53	24	F	primary	middle	1	0	clinical_presentation	definite	0	0	-1	1	1	0	0	mixed	none	moderate	0	3	0	50	0	0	1	0	0	0	not_applicable	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	moderate
54	26	F	primary	middle	1	0	echo_screening	borderline	0	0	-1	0	1	1	0	regurgitation	regurgitation	mild	1	1	0	60	0	0	0	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	good
55	17	M	secondary	middle	1	0	echo_screening	borderline	0	0	-1	0	1	0	0	regurgitation	none	mild	0	1	0	41	1	0	0	0	0	1	moderate	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	good
56	18	M	secondary	high	0	0	echo_screening	definite	0	0	-1	0	1	0	0	regurgitation	none	mild	0	1	0	62	0	0	0	0	0	1	good	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	good
57	55	F	tertiary	low	1	0	echo_screening	definite	1	2	5	1	1	0	0	stenosis	none	mild	0	1	0	56	0	0	0	0	0	1	good	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	good
58	24	F	primary	low	0	0	clinical_presentation	definite	0	0	-1	1	1	0	0	regurgitation	none	moderate	0	2	0	42	1	0	1	0	0	1	good	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	moderate
59	27	F	primary	high	1	0	echo_screening	borderline	0	0	-1	1	1	1	0	regurgitation	mixed	moderate	1	3	0	47	1	0	1	0	0	0	not_applicable	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	died	unknown
60	14	F	secondary	low	0	0	echo_screening	borderline	0	0	-1	1	1	0	0	mixed	none	mild	0	2	0	43	1	0	1	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	0	1	0	none	0	none	0	died	unknown
61	8	F	secondary	low	0	0	clinical_presentation	definite	0	0	-1	0	1	1	0	mixed	mixed	severe	1	4	1	38	1	1	0	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	1	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	poor
62	20	F	primary	middle	0	0	clinical_presentation	definite	1	3	14	0	1	0	0	regurgitation	none	severe	0	3	0	33	1	1	1	0	0	1	poor	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	died	unknown
63	15	M	tertiary	middle	1	0	clinical_presentation	definite	0	0	-1	0	1	0	0	regurgitation	none	mild	0	1	1	73	0	0	1	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	moderate
64	21	F	primary	low	0	0	clinical_presentation	definite	1	4	13	1	1	0	0	regurgitation	none	moderate	0	2	0	67	0	0	0	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	good
65	12	F	none	low	1	0	clinical_presentation	definite	0	0	-1	1	1	0	0	stenosis	none	severe	0	3	0	26	1	0	1	0	0	0	not_applicable	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	died	unknown
66	9	M	none	low	0	0	clinical_presentation	definite	0	0	-1	1	1	1	0	regurgitation	stenosis	moderate	1	3	1	54	0	0	0	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	1	1	0	none	0	none	0	died	unknown
67	36	F	secondary	middle	0	0	clinical_presentation	definite	0	0	-1	0	1	0	0	mixed	none	severe	0	4	1	26	1	0	1	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	1	1	1	0	none	0	none	0	died	unknown
68	14	F	secondary	low	1	0	echo_screening	borderline	0	0	-1	1	1	0	1	mixed	none	mild	1	2	0	49	1	0	1	0	0	1	good	0	0	0	1	0	none	0	none	0	alive	moderate
69	27	F	tertiary	low	1	0	clinical_presentation	definite	1	1	17	0	1	0	0	stenosis	none	severe	0	4	0	52	0	1	0	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	died	unknown
70	54	F	primary	high	1	0	echo_screening	borderline	0	0	-1	0	1	0	0	stenosis	none	mild	0	2	0	35	1	0	1	0	0	0	not_applicable	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	moderate
71	20	F	secondary	low	1	0	clinical_presentation	definite	0	0	-1	0	1	0	0	mixed	none	moderate	0	3	0	50	0	0	0	0	0	1	poor	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	moderate
72	8	F	secondary	low	1	0	clinical_presentation	definite	0	0	-1	1	1	0	1	mixed	none	moderate	1	1	1	42	1	0	1	0	0	0	not_applicable	1	0	1	1	0	none	0	none	0	alive	moderate
73	36	M	primary	low	1	0	clinical_presentation	definite	0	0	-1	1	1	0	0	regurgitation	none	mild	0	2	0	59	0	0	0	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	good
74	42	F	none	low	0	0	clinical_presentation	definite	0	0	-1	1	1	0	0	regurgitation	none	severe	0	3	1	41	1	0	1	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	1	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	moderate
75	18	F	primary	low	1	0	clinical_presentation	definite	0	0	-1	1	1	1	0	regurgitation	mixed	moderate	1	2	0	56	0	0	1	0	0	1	moderate	1	1	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	died	unknown
76	50	F	secondary	middle	0	0	clinical_presentation	definite	1	2	15	1	1	1	1	regurgitation	regurgitation	moderate	1	1	1	37	1	0	1	0	0	1	good	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	moderate
77	15	F	secondary	high	1	0	echo_screening	borderline	0	0	-1	0	1	0	0	regurgitation	none	mild	0	1	0	53	0	0	0	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	good
78	12	F	primary	low	1	0	clinical_presentation	definite	0	0	-1	1	1	0	0	regurgitation	none	moderate	0	1	0	44	1	0	1	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	died	unknown
79	20	F	secondary	low	0	0	echo_screening	borderline	0	0	-1	1	1	0	1	regurgitation	none	mild	1	2	1	49	1	0	0	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	died	unknown
80	43	F	tertiary	low	0	0	clinical_presentation	definite	0	0	-1	0	1	0	0	regurgitation	none	mild	0	2	1	61	0	0	1	1	0	1	poor	1	0	0	0	1	warfarin	0	none	0	alive	moderate
81	23	F	primary	low	1	0	echo_screening	borderline	0	0	-1	1	1	0	0	stenosis	none	moderate	0	2	0	54	0	0	1	0	0	0	not_applicable	1	1	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	died	unknown
82	25	F	secondary	high	0	0	echo_screening	definite	0	0	-1	1	1	1	0	stenosis	regurgitation	mild	1	1	0	50	0	0	1	0	0	1	good	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	moderate
83	21	F	none	low	0	0	echo_screening	borderline	0	0	-1	1	1	0	0	regurgitation	none	mild	0	2	0	51	0	0	1	0	0	0	not_applicable	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	moderate
84	5	M	primary	low	1	0	clinical_presentation	definite	1	3	4	1	1	0	0	regurgitation	none	moderate	0	1	1	61	0	0	0	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	0	1	1	warfarin	0	none	0	died	unknown
85	22	F	primary	middle	0	0	echo_screening	borderline	0	0	-1	1	1	0	0	regurgitation	none	mild	0	1	0	61	0	0	1	0	0	0	not_applicable	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	died	unknown
86	31	F	primary	low	1	1	echo_screening	definite	1	1	17	0	1	1	0	mixed	regurgitation	mild	1	1	0	63	0	0	0	0	0	1	moderate	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	good
87	20	F	tertiary	low	0	0	clinical_presentation	definite	1	1	15	1	1	0	1	mixed	none	severe	1	2	0	40	1	0	0	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	good
88	38	F	secondary	high	1	0	clinical_presentation	definite	0	0	-1	1	1	0	0	stenosis	none	severe	0	4	0	31	1	0	1	0	0	1	moderate	0	0	0	1	0	none	0	none	0	died	unknown
89	38	F	secondary	low	1	0	echo_screening	borderline	0	0	-1	1	1	1	0	regurgitation	mixed	mild	1	1	1	66	0	0	0	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	1	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	good
90	13	F	tertiary	middle	0	0	echo_screening	borderline	0	0	-1	1	1	0	0	regurgitation	none	mild	0	3	0	54	0	0	0	0	0	1	good	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	moderate
91	47	M	secondary	low	1	0	clinical_presentation	definite	0	0	-1	0	1	0	0	mixed	none	severe	0	3	0	49	1	1	0	0	0	1	good	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	moderate
92	16	M	primary	middle	1	0	clinical_presentation	definite	1	2	11	0	1	0	1	regurgitation	none	moderate	1	1	0	59	0	0	0	0	0	1	good	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	good
93	47	F	secondary	middle	0	0	echo_screening	definite	1	1	4	1	1	1	0	regurgitation	regurgitation	moderate	1	2	0	51	0	0	0	0	0	1	moderate	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	good
94	40	F	secondary	low	0	1	clinical_presentation	definite	0	0	-1	1	1	0	0	mixed	none	moderate	0	3	0	29	1	0	1	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	0	1	0	none	0	none	0	alive	moderate
95	27	F	primary	low	1	0	clinical_presentation	definite	0	0	-1	0	1	0	0	regurgitation	none	severe	0	2	0	38	1	0	0	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	good
96	48	F	primary	middle	0	0	echo_screening	borderline	0	0	-1	1	1	1	0	regurgitation	regurgitation	mild	1	1	0	56	0	0	1	0	0	0	not_applicable	1	1	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	moderate
97	16	F	secondary	low	0	0	clinical_presentation	definite	0	0	-1	1	1	1	0	regurgitation	stenosis	severe	1	3	0	53	0	0	1	0	0	1	poor	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	moderate
98	19	F	primary	low	0	0	clinical_presentation	definite	1	1	8	1	1	1	0	regurgitation	mixed	moderate	1	2	1	35	1	0	0	0	0	1	good	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	good
99	5	F	secondary	low	0	0	echo_screening	borderline	0	0	-1	0	1	1	0	regurgitation	regurgitation	moderate	1	3	1	49	1	0	0	0	0	0	not_applicable	0	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	died	unknown
100	20	M	tertiary	low	0	0	echo_screening	borderline	0	0	-1	0	1	1	0	regurgitation	stenosis	mild	1	1	1	66	0	0	1	0	0	0	not_applicable	1	0	0	0	0	none	0	none	0	alive	moderate

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Rheumatic Heart Disease Dataset

Abstract

This dataset provides 30,000 simulated records (10,000 per scenario) of patients aged 5–60 years with rheumatic heart disease across sub-Saharan African settings. Each record contains 45+ variables including WHF classification, valve involvement, severity, NYHA class, LVEF, atrial fibrillation, complications (CHF, stroke, IE), penicillin prophylaxis adherence, valve surgery, and 2-year outcomes. Three settings: cardiac referral centre (18.4% 2-year mortality), district hospital (32.0%), and community screening programme (5.4%).

1. Introduction

RHD affects 40.5 million people globally with 306,000 deaths/year, 80% in LMICs (Watkins et al., NEJM 2017). The REMEDY study of 3,343 patients across 14 LMICs found a 2-year case fatality of 16.9% despite a median age of only 28 years (Zuhlke et al., Circulation 2016). Independent predictors of death included severe valve disease (HR 2.36), CHF (HR 2.16), NYHA III/IV (HR 1.67), and atrial fibrillation (HR 1.40). Penicillin prophylaxis adherence was only 55%. Echo screening in Malawi found latent RHD prevalence of 3.4% in schoolchildren (Sims Sanyahumbi et al., 2016).

This dataset is entirely simulated. It must not be used for clinical decision-making.

2. Methodology

2.1 Parameterization

Parameter	Value	Source
Global RHD burden	40.5M, 306K deaths/yr	Watkins et al., NEJM 2017
2-year case fatality (LMICs)	16.9%	REMEDY, Zuhlke et al., Circulation 2016
Median age at death	28.7 years	REMEDY 2016
Female proportion	66%	REMEDY 2016
Mitral valve involvement	97%	REMEDY baseline, Zuhlke et al. 2015
Penicillin adherence	55%	REMEDY 2016
Latent RHD prevalence (schools)	3.4%	Sims Sanyahumbi et al., 2016

2.2 Scenario Design

Scenario	Setting	Surgery	Penicillin	CHF	2-Year Mortality
Referral centre	Cardiac centre	Yes	53%	42%	18.4%
District hospital	Basic echo, no surgery	No	34%	50%	32.0%
Community screening	Screening programme	No	17%	10%	5.4%

3. Schema

Column	Type	Description
id	int	Unique identifier
age_years	int	Patient age
sex	categorical	M / F
education	categorical	none / primary / secondary / tertiary
socioeconomic_status	categorical	low / middle / high
overcrowded_housing	binary	Overcrowded housing
hiv_positive	binary	HIV status
detection_mode	categorical	clinical_presentation / echo_screening
whf_category	categorical	borderline / definite
history_arf	binary	History of acute rheumatic fever
arf_episodes	int	Number of ARF episodes
age_at_first_arf	int	Age at first ARF (-1 if none)
sore_throat_history	binary	Recurrent sore throat history
mitral_valve_disease	binary	Mitral valve involvement
aortic_valve_disease	binary	Aortic valve involvement
tricuspid_valve_disease	binary	Tricuspid valve involvement
mitral_lesion	categorical	regurgitation / stenosis / mixed / none
aortic_lesion	categorical	regurgitation / stenosis / mixed / none
valve_severity	categorical	mild / moderate / severe
multivalve	binary	Multi-valve involvement
nyha_class	int	NYHA functional class (1–4)
atrial_fibrillation	binary	Atrial fibrillation
lvef_percent	int	Left ventricular ejection fraction
lv_dysfunction	binary	LVEF <50%
pulmonary_hypertension	binary	Pulmonary hypertension
congestive_heart_failure	binary	CHF
stroke	binary	Stroke/TIA
infective_endocarditis	binary	Infective endocarditis
recurrent_arf	binary	Recurrent ARF during follow-up
on_penicillin_prophylaxis	binary	On penicillin prophylaxis
penicillin_adherence	categorical	good / moderate / poor / not_applicable
on_diuretics	binary	On diuretics
on_ace_inhibitor	binary	On ACE inhibitor
on_beta_blocker	binary	On beta blocker
on_digoxin	binary	On digoxin
on_anticoagulation	binary	On anticoagulation
anticoagulation_type	categorical	warfarin / aspirin / none
inr_in_range	binary	INR therapeutic (warfarin)
valve_surgery	binary	Valve surgery performed
surgery_type	categorical	mechanical / bioprosthetic / repair / balloon
referred_for_surgery	binary	Referred for surgery (no local access)
outcome_2yr	categorical	alive / died
functional_status_2yr	categorical	good / moderate / poor / unknown

4. Validation

Validation Report

Key validation checks:

2-year mortality: Referral 18.4%, District 32.0%, consistent with REMEDY 16.9% ✓
Female predominance: 66%, matching REMEDY ✓
Mitral valve: 97%+ involvement ✓
NYHA dose-response: Mortality increases steeply NYHA I→IV ✓
Penicillin adherence: 53% referral → 17% community ✓
CHF most common complication: 42–50% in clinical settings ✓

5. Usage

from datasets import load_dataset
dataset = load_dataset("electricsheepafrica/rheumatic-heart-disease", "district_hospital")
df = dataset["train"].to_pandas()

python generate_dataset.py --all-scenarios --n 10000 --seed 42

6. Limitations

Simulated: Not derived from real RHD registries.
No echo images: Valve disease is categorical, not imaged.
No Jones criteria: ARF diagnosis is binary, not by Jones criteria components.
Simplified surgery: No post-surgical follow-up or prosthetic valve complications.
No GAS culture: No throat culture or ASO titre data.

7. References

Zuhlke L, et al. (2016). REMEDY study 2-year follow-up. Circulation, 134(23):1456–1466.
Sims Sanyahumbi A, et al. (2016). RHD screening Malawi. Congenit Heart Dis, 11(6):615–621.
WHF (2023). Echocardiographic criteria for RHD diagnosis update.
Rwebembera J, et al. (2022). Latent RHD SSA. Lancet Glob Health, 10(2):e250.
Watkins D, et al. (2017). Global burden of RHD. NEJM, 377(8):713–722.
Carapetis JR, et al. (2005). GAS → ARF → RHD cascade. Lancet Infect Dis, 5(11):685–694.
Beaton A, et al. (2012). Echo screening Uganda. Circulation, 125(25):3127–3132.
Zuhlke L, et al. (2015). REMEDY baseline. BMC Cardiovasc Disord, 15:134.

Citation

@dataset{esa_rhd_2025,
  title={Rheumatic Heart Disease Dataset},
  author={Electric Sheep Africa},
  year={2025},
  publisher={Hugging Face},
  url={https://huggingface.co/datasets/electricsheepafrica/rheumatic-heart-disease}
}

License

CC-BY-4.0

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