Passage stringlengths 167 964 | DOI stringlengths 25 34 | Material stringlengths 6 40 | Rc float64 0 1,000B | Unit stringclasses 2
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High temperature melt viscosity and fragile to strong transition in Zr–Cu–Ni–Al–Nb(Ti) and Cu47Ti34Zr11Ni8 bulk metallic glasses. It should be noted, however, that even when no shearing was applied the recalescence of Vitreloy 106a, for example, was still observed to occur after only ∼30s of undercooling at a rate of ∼... | 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.05.019 | Al10.3Cu15.6Nb2.8Ni12.8Zr58.5 | 1.75 | K/s | 0.243038 |
Spherulitic crystallization behavior of a metallic glass at high heating rates. The Zr58.5Cu15.6Ni12.8Al10.3Nb2.8 alloy investigated in the present study is an excellent glass former, as illustrated by its extended supercooled liquid region. The critical cooling rate required to achieve a fully amorphous structure has ... | 10.1016/j.intermet.2011.05.022 | Al10.3Cu15.6Nb2.8Ni12.8Zr58.5 | 1.75 | K/s | 0.243038 |
Enthalpy relaxation of the Zr58.5Cu15.6Ni12.8Al10.3Nb2.8 bulk metallic glass forming alloy. The recently processed Vitreloy 106a with composition Zr58.5Cu15.6Ni12.8Al10.3Nb2.8 is the best beryllium free Zr-based bulk metallic glass former known today. It is possible to produce centimeter scale amorphous ingots of this ... | 10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.08.241 | Al10.3Cu15.6Nb2.8Ni12.8Zr58.5 | 1.75 | K/s | 0.243038 |
Determination of forming ability of high pressure die casting for Zr-based metallic glass. As seen from the CCT curve in red color in Fig. 3b, the time to a given degree of crystallization is longer and temperature to that is lower for Zr55Y0.2 alloy during continuous cooling compared with that in the TTT curves (black... | 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2017.01.015 | Al10.3Cu15.6Nb2.8Ni12.8Zr58.5 | 1.75 | K/s | 0.243038 |
Isothermal crystallization kinetics of an industrial-grade Zr-based bulk metallic glass. The low critical cooling rates R c , which are the minimum cooling rates required to vitrify BMG formers, on the order of 1 K/s of Zr-based BMGs, position them as one of the best BMG formers [5]. For example, the famous Vitreloy T ... | 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2021.121145 | Al10.3Cu15.6Nb2.8Ni12.8Zr58.5 | 1.75 | K/s | 0.243038 |
Fatigue crack growth behavior of a Zr58.5Cu15.6Ni12.8Al10.3Nb2.8 bulk metallic glass-forming alloy. Zr58.5Cu15.6Ni12.8Al10.3Nb2.8 (Vitreloy 106a) 1 All compositions are given in terms of atomic percent. ^(1) is a promising Be-free metallic glass-forming alloy, with a critical cooling rate as low as 1.75Ks^(–1) [4]. | 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2010.10.042 | Al10.3Cu15.6Nb2.8Ni12.8Zr58.5 | 1.75 | K/s | 0.243038 |
Synthesis of in situ bulk glass matrix composite in by Bridgman method. In situ BMG matrix composites with dendritic reinforcing phase were obtained in the La66Al14Cu10Ni10 and Pd42Cu30Ni10P18 alloys by a Bridgman technique. The critical cooling rates for in situ formation of the BMG matrix composites were measured to ... | 10.1016/j.msea.2003.10.206 | Cu30Ni10P18Pd42 | 1.98 | K/s | 0.296665 |
Glass forming ability and in-situ composite formation in Pd-based bulk metallic glasses. Fig. 12(a) summarizes microstructure evolution and glass formation in the Pd42Cu30Ni10P18 and Pd40Cu30Ni10P20 alloys as a function of cooling rate (growth velocity) during Bridgman solidification. It shows that there is a large dif... | 10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00438-X | Cu30Ni10P20Pd40 | 1.98 | K/s | 0.296665 |
Nanosecond laser processing of Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5 with single pulses. One of the most studied BMG due to its superior glass forming ability was created in 1992 by Peker and Johnson (1993) and named Vitreloy 1, for which the composition is Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5. This type of metallic glass exhibits a cr... | 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2016.01.023 | Be22.5Cu12.5Ni10Ti13.8Zr41.2 | 2 | K/s | 0.30103 |
Electron-beam welding of Zr50Cu30Ni10Al10 bulk glassy alloys. More recently, several results on welding/joining have been reported for Zr–Al–Cu–Ni bulk glassy alloy and steels [2,3]. The welding between the Zr-based bulk glassy alloy and Zr metal has been reported [4] by using the Zr41Ti14Cu12Ni10Be23 [5] bulk glassy a... | 10.1016/j.msea.2003.10.225 | Be23Cu12Ni10Ti14Zr41 | 2 | K/s | 0.30103 |
Optimum glass formation at off-eutectic composition and its relation to skewed eutectic coupled zone in the La based La–Al–(Cu,Ni) pseudo ternary system. With a further increase in Al content, the limiting diameter dropped sharply to 1 or 2 mm (Fig. 2b). We have also noticed similar results for Pd based Pd–Cu–Ni–P allo... | 10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00291-X | Cu30Ni10P20Pd40 | 2 | K/s | 0.30103 |
Materials properties measurements and particle beam interactions studies using electrostatic levitation. The experiments were carried out with spherical, 2.5–3mm diameter, glass samples. The measured critical cooling rates leading to glass formation, for the processed LS and Pt-LS glasses, were 14±2°C/min and 130±5°C/m... | 10.1016/j.mser.2013.12.001 | Li2O2Si2O4Pt | 2.166667 | K/s | 0.335792 |
On the high glass-forming ability of Pt-Cu-Ni/Co-P-based liquids. In the case of Pt42.5Cu27Ni9.5P21 the suppression of the primary phase at higher cooling rates leads to a distinct increase in the achievable undercooling. As stated earlier, approximately 75% of the sample is amorphous when cooled from 973 K with 3 K/s ... | 10.1016/j.actamat.2017.09.013 | Cu27Ni9.5P21Pt42.5 | 2.5 | K/s | 0.39794 |
Achieving superior glass forming ability of Zr–Cu–Al–Ni–Ti/Ag bulk metallic glasses by element substitution. The GFA improves with the increasing of Ag content in Zr57Cu20Al10Ni8Ti5- x Ag x (x =0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) BMGs system. The new alloy, Zr57Cu20Al10Ni8Ag5, which has a critical cooling rate of only 2.5K/s can easily ... | 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2013.05.014 | Ag5Al10Cu20Ni8Zr57 | 2.5 | K/s | 0.39794 |
Materials properties measurements and particle beam interactions studies using electrostatic levitation. The measured critical cooling rates leading to glass formation, for the processed LS and Pt-LS glasses, were 14±2°C/min and 130±5°C/min, respectively. The same compositions processed with a crucible yielded to criti... | 10.1016/j.mser.2013.12.001 | Li2O2Si2O4Pt | 2.7 | K/s | 0.431364 |
Critical cooling rate and thermal stability for a Ti–Zr–Ni–Cu–Be metallic glass. The typical DTA curves exhibiting the exothermic peak upon melting and the exothermic peak upon solidification are shown in Fig. 2 for the Ti40Zr25Ni3Cu12Be20 BMG. The corresponding plot of ln R versus 1/(T l - T xc )^(2), obtained using t... | 10.1016/j.jallcom.2008.11.017 | Be20Cu12Ni3Ti40Zr25 | 3.2 | K/s | 0.50515 |
Microstructure and crystallization mechanism of Ti-based bulk metallic glass by electron beam welding. Combing Eqs. (4) and (5) yields the cooling rate in the weld zone as follows:R is calculated to be 84 K/s, 110 K/s and 124 K/s for the welding speed of 28 mm/s, 32 mm/s and 34 mm/s, respectively. Huang et al. reported... | 10.1016/j.jmapro.2018.01.027 | Be20Cu12Ni3Ti40Zr25 | 3.2 | K/s | 0.50515 |
Laser welding of Ti40Zr25Ni3Cu12Be20 bulk metallic glass. Thus, to avoid crystallization in the WFZ, the magnitude of R should be larger than 780K/s. For the present work, the cooling rate for retaining the glassy structure during laser welding (780K/s) is much larger than the critical cooling rate of cast sample (3.2K... | 10.1016/j.msea.2012.01.114 | Be20Cu12Ni3Ti40Zr25 | 3.2 | K/s | 0.50515 |
Determination of forming ability of high pressure die casting for Zr-based metallic glass. The corresponding plot of ln(R) versus 1/(Txc - TL ) ^(2) is shown in Fig. 3d, the Rc obtained from the intercept of fitted line in Fig. 3d is determined to be 3.5K/s, which agrees well with the Rc obtained by CCT curve (3.75K/s ... | 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2017.01.015 | Al998Cu2994Ni499Y0.2Zr5489 | 3.5 | K/s | 0.544068 |
Determination of forming ability of high pressure die casting for Zr-based metallic glass. As seen from the CCT curve in red color in Fig. 3b, the time to a given degree of crystallization is longer and temperature to that is lower for Zr55Y0.2 alloy during continuous cooling compared with that in the TTT curves (black... | 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2017.01.015 | Al998Cu2994Ni499Y0.2Zr5489 | 3.75 | K/s | 0.574031 |
On the high glass-forming ability of Pt-Cu-Ni/Co-P-based liquids. The large exothermic crystallization event upon reheating a sample cooled at 3 K/s (Fig. 2(c)), allows us to conclude that Rc of the Pt42.5Cu27Ni9.5P21 composition is slightly above 3 K/s. However, the continuous measurements performed on Pt60Cu16Co2P22 ... | 10.1016/j.actamat.2017.09.013 | Co2Cu16P22Pt60 | 3.9 | K/s | 0.591065 |
Synthesis and characterization of Zr-based in situ crystal precipitated and liquid phase separated bulk metallic glass composite. The compressive fracture strength of this bulk metallic glass has varied from 1252MPa to 1865MPa depending on the overheating [32]. Q. Zhang, W. Zhang and co-authors suggest that critical co... | 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2016.12.017 | Ag8Al8Cu36Zr48 | 4.4 | K/s | 0.643453 |
Synthesis and characterization of Zr-based in situ crystal precipitated and liquid phase separated bulk metallic glass composite. The compressive fracture strength of this bulk metallic glass has varied from 1252MPa to 1865MPa depending on the overheating [32]. Q. Zhang, W. Zhang and co-authors suggest that critical co... | 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2016.12.017 | Ag8Al8Cu36Zr48 | 6.4 | K/s | 0.80618 |
Determination of forming ability of high pressure die casting for Zr-based metallic glass. As shown by the black line in Fig. 3b, the TTT curve of Zr55Y0.2 alloy displays a typical nose shape at temperature near 850K. The critical cooling rate Rc is about 6.5K/s, which is computed using equation Rc ≈(Tm - Tn )/tn , her... | 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2017.01.015 | Al998Cu2994Ni499Y0.2Zr5489 | 6.5 | K/s | 0.812913 |
Excellent magnetocaloric effect of a Gd55Al20Co25 bulk metallic glass. Therefore, the super-cooled liquid region ( Δ T x = T x - T g ) and the reduced glass transition temperature ( T r g = T g / T l ) of the BMG are about 66.5 and 0.58, respectively. The parameter γ = ( T x / ( T g + T l ) ) , the critical cooling rat... | 10.1016/j.physb.2011.06.006 | Al20Co25Gd55 | 6.9 | K/s | 0.838849 |
Synthesis of La-based in-situ bulk metallic glass matrix composite. As the velocity drops further to 0.463 mm/s (6.9 K/s), there is no exothermic peak, which means that a fully crystalline sample instead of a composite was obtained under this condition. It can be concluded that the critical cooling rate for the formati... | 10.1016/S0966-9795(02)00148-6 | Al14Cu10La66Ni10 | 6.9 | K/s | 0.838849 |
Bulk metallic glass composites containing B2 phase. By contrast, Co [4,73,133,153,155,163,164,287,288] and Hf [133,285] deteriorate the GFA. For example, for as-cast (Cu0.5Zr0.5)100-xAgx (x = 0, 2, 6, 10 at.%%) BMGs, with increasing Ag from 0 to 10 at.%%, the critical cooling rate ( R c ) decreases from 9.74 to 0.81 K/... | 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2021.100799 | Cu0.5Zr0.5 | 9.74 | K/s | 0.988559 |
12 Functional bulk metallic glasses. Consequently, it opened up the suitability for their use in a wide range of applications because of cost effectiveness. In 1993, Peker and Johnson [11] obtained rods of diameter up to 14mm of Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10.0Be22.5 BMG at the critical cooling rate of 10Ks^(-1) or less. | 10.1016/B978-0-12-805056-9.00012-X | Be22.5Cu12.5Ni10Ti13.8Zr41.2 | 10 | K/s | 1 |
Abnormal devitrification behavior and mechanical response of cold-rolled Mg-rich Mg-Cu-Gd metallic glasses. The Mg65Cu25Gd10 alloy exhibits significantly improved GFA with at least 8 mm in diameter (D max) by conventional Cu-mold casting method in air atmosphere [17]. The critical cooling rate for glass formation (R c)... | 10.1016/j.actamat.2016.06.026 | Cu25Gd10Mg65 | 10 | K/s | 1 |
Utilization of high entropy alloy characteristics in Er-Gd-Y-Al-Co high entropy bulk metallic glass. The number next to the data point indicates the annealing time (min) at each annealing temperature. Even at relatively low annealing temperature (T/T x = 0.943), the Al88Y7Fe5 MG [51] with low GFA (critical cooling rate... | 10.1016/j.actamat.2018.06.024 | Al10Cu17.9Ni14.6Ti5Zr52.5 | 10 | K/s | 1 |
3D printing of crack-free high strength Zr-based bulk metallic glass composite by selective laser melting. Putting the variable of time in FEM simulation, the corresponding heating-cooling curves at above three positions were obtained, as depicted in Fig. 7(c), from which cooling rate at the positions of Sa, Sb and Sc ... | 10.1016/j.intermet.2017.07.010 | Al10Cu30Ni5Zr55 | 10 | K/s | 1 |
In-situ synthesis of Zr-based bulk metallic glass composites with periodic amorphous-crystalline microstructure for improved ductility via laser direct deposition. Among the various BMG systems, Zr-based BMG is known to have an outstanding glass forming ability. For Zr65Cu15Ni10Al10, the reported critical cooling rate ... | 10.1016/j.intermet.2019.106503 | Al10Cu15Ni10Zr65 | 10 | K/s | 1 |
Thermodynamics and structural relaxation in Ce-based bulk metallic glass-forming liquids. For the investigated Ce-based alloys with good GFA, ΔG is similar and reaches ∼2.7kJ/mol at T K. The value is comparable to that of the excellent glass former Zr46.75Ti8.25Cu7.5Ni10Be27.5 which has the critical cooling rate of 10K... | 10.1016/j.jallcom.2011.01.106 | Be27.5Cu7.5Ni10Ti8.25Zr46.75 | 10 | K/s | 1 |
Effects of graphite addition on the microstructure and properties of laser cladding Zr–Al–Ni–Cu amorphous coatings. For the (Zr65Al7.5Ni10Cu17.5)95C5 coating, the coexistence of amorphous, Zr3Al2 nanocrystalline and Ni10Zr7-type crystalline phases is identified. For the Zr65Al7.5Ni10Cu17.5 bulk metallic glass, the crit... | 10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.05.009 | Al7.5Cu17.5Ni10Zr65 | 10 | K/s | 1 |
Study on fabrication of bulk metallic glassy composites by horizontal continuous casting method. For the rods obtained by PPI and PPIII, massive crystalline peaks can be observed in the patterns, which can be defined as CuZr2, Cu10Zr7 and Zr2Al phases. In addition, the simulation results also suggest that the present t... | 10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.11.108 | Al10Cu30Ni5Zr55 | 10 | K/s | 1 |
The micro-zones formation of Zr-based bulk metallic glass composite fabricated by laser 3D printing. Fig. 10(b) shows the corresponding heating-cooling histories at P0 and Q0, from which the cooling rates at P0 and Q0 were calculated as 6.7 × 10^(5) °C/s and 2.6 × 10^(5) °C/s respectively. The critical cooling rate req... | 10.1016/j.jmapro.2022.02.002 | Al10Cu30Ni5Zr55 | 10 | K/s | 1 |
Determination of forming ability of high pressure die casting for Zr-based metallic glass. As seen from the CCT curve in red color in Fig. 3b, the time to a given degree of crystallization is longer and temperature to that is lower for Zr55Y0.2 alloy during continuous cooling compared with that in the TTT curves (black... | 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2017.01.015 | Al10Cu15.4Nb5Ni12.6Zr57 | 10 | K/s | 1 |
Effect of pre-existing nuclei on crystallization during laser welding of Zr-based metallic glass. The resulting quality factors are 0.9582 for Qt and 0.9167 for Qx. The cooling rate of 50 K/s is higher than the critical cooling rate of 10 K/s that was reported for LM105. | 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2019.03.022 | Al10Cu17.9Ni14.6Ti5Zr52.5 | 10 | K/s | 1 |
Effects of irradiation spectrum on the microstructural and mechanical properties of bulk metallic glasses. The two alloys were selected due to their favorable mechanical properties. For the BAM-11 BMG, features such as a relatively high fracture toughness of 49 MPa⋅m^(1/2) [76,77], high strength (∼1,700 MPa [78,79]), a... | 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2020.152084 | Al10Cu17.9Ni14.6Ti5Zr52.5 | 10 | K/s | 1 |
Designing in situ and ex situ bulk metallic glass composites via spark plasma sintering in the super cooled liquid state. Our results show that dynamic pressing during fast heating can be used to achieve full density prior to devitrification. This is significant because SAM2X5 is a marginal glass former with a critical... | 10.1016/j.matdes.2015.12.130 | B15.2C3.8Cr17.7Fe49.7Mn1.9Mo7.4Si2.4W1.6 | 10 | K/s | 1 |
Effect of Al addition on structure and dynamics of Zr-Cu-Al glass-forming alloy. The GFA of BMG forming alloys are dependent on composition and, even a minor change in the fraction of the alloying element results in a drastic change in the GFA of the alloys. For example, the critical cooling rate RC (which gives measur... | 10.1016/j.matpr.2020.10.633 | Al7Cu46Gd1Zr46 | 10 | K/s | 1 |
Aerodynamic levitation processing of a Zr-based bulk metallic glass. The bulk metallic glass forming alloy Zr57Ti5Ni8Cu20Al10 was processed in a containerless environment at cooling rates of 69–1.2K/s, using aerodynamic levitation. The critical cooling rate for this composition was found to be approximately 10±1K/s. | 10.1016/j.msea.2006.09.014 | Al10Cu20Ni8Ti5Zr57 | 10 | K/s | 1 |
Effect of plasma electrolytic oxidation treatment on the mechanical properties of a Zr–Cu–Ni–Ti–Al bulk metallic glass. The critical cooling rate which required a metallic glass to avoid the formation of detectable fraction of crystal in quenching molten alloys is used to describe the glass forming ability of materials... | 10.1016/j.msea.2016.06.068 | Al7Cu25Ni9.5Ti6Zr52.5 | 10 | K/s | 1 |
Mechanical properties of Zr-based bulk metallic glass parts fabricated by laser-foil-printing additive manufacturing. Although the critical cooling rates for glass formation have been significantly reduced, the thickness of as-cast BMG parts does not “proportionally” increase. For example, the critical cooling rate of ... | 10.1016/j.msea.2018.11.056 | Al10Cu17.9Ni14.6Ti5Zr52.5 | 10 | K/s | 1 |
Microstructure and nanomechanical properties of Zr-based bulk metallic glass composites fabricated by laser rapid prototyping. However, the critical cooling rate for fabricating BMGs is a major factor that limits the size of as-fabricated parts [12]. From the perspective of composition design, Inoue et al. [13] reporte... | 10.1016/j.msea.2019.138306 | Al10Cu30Ni5Zr55 | 10 | K/s | 1 |
Roles of minor additions in formation and properties of bulk metallic glasses. The sample is still composed of main glassy phase when the diameter increases to 12mm. The R c for the (Cu50Zr50)92Al7Gd1 is estimated to be 10Ks^(-1). | 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2006.07.003 | Al7Cu46Gd1Zr46 | 10 | K/s | 1 |
On the crystalline equilibrium phases of the Zr57Cu15.4Ni12.6Al10Nb5 bulk metallic glass forming alloy. Vit 106 has a critical cooling rate of 10 Ks^(-1) [9]. It has moderate glass forming ability when compared to Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5, which has a critical cooling rate of 1 Ks^(-1) [10]. | 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2003.12.023 | Al10Cu15.4Nb5Ni12.6Zr57 | 10 | K/s | 1 |
Preparation of high aspect ratio surface microstructures out of a Zr-based bulk metallic glass. A more detailed description of the set-up as well as studies on the stability and the wetting of the protective layers are given elsewhere [8]. The glass-forming melt is Zr52.5Cu17.9Ni14.6Al10Ti5 (contents in at%) with a mel... | 10.1016/S0167-9317(03)00096-0 | Al10Cu17.9Ni14.6Ti5Zr52.5 | 10 | K/s | 1 |
Influence of decomposition on the thermal stability of undercooled Zr-Ti-Cu-Ni-Al alloys. Zr52.5Cu17.9Ni14.6Al10Ti5 (Vit105) [1] is a bulk metallic glass forming alloy with a critical cooling rate of about 10 K/s. Zr52.5Cu17.9Ni14.6Al10Ti5 (Vit105) [1] is a bulk metallic glass forming alloy with a critical cooling rate... | 10.1016/S1359-6462(01)00691-1 | Al10Cu17.9Ni14.6Ti5Zr52.5 | 10 | K/s | 1 |
Quasistatic and dynamic deformation of tungsten reinforced Zr57Nb5Al10Cu15.4Ni12.6 bulk metallic glass matrix composites. Recent research illustrates the feasibility of processing metallic glass composites that can undergo substantial plastic deformation in compression [1,2]. Zr57Nb5Al10Cu15.4Ni12.6 (Vit106) is one of ... | 10.1016/S1359-6462(01)01134-4 | Al10Cu15.4Nb5Ni12.6Zr57 | 10 | K/s | 1 |
Revisiting the Cu47Ti33Zr11Ni8Si1 glass-forming alloy. The parameter γ can be calculated from the thermal stability data using the relationship γ = T x1/(T g + T l). Using these relationships the critical cooling rate is found to be 10.85K/s and the critical casting thickness is 6.35mm. | 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2005.11.007 | Cu47Ni8Si1Ti33Zr11 | 10.85 | K/s | 1.03543 |
Electron-beam welding of Zr50Cu30Ni10Al10 bulk glassy alloys. Besides, the critical cooling rate of the arc-melted Zr50Cu30Ni10Al10 alloy was estimated as 12K/s [16] from the cooling rate data of arc-melted Zr–Cu–Al–Ni alloys measured by a radiational thermometer. That is, the critical cooling rate changes significantl... | 10.1016/j.msea.2003.10.225 | Al10Cu30Ni10Zr50 | 12 | K/s | 1.079181 |
Formation and properties of Zr48Nb8Cu14Ni12Be18 bulk metallic glass. The composition of the alloy is confirmed by chemical analysis, the diversity to the nominal composition is within 0.1%. The critical cooling rate for the BMG is estimated to be about 12 K/s [8], indicating that the glass forming system has excellent ... | 10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00602-X | Be18Cu14Nb8Ni12Zr48 | 12 | K/s | 1.079181 |
Glass formation and non-isothermal crystallization of Zr62.5Al12.1Cu7.95Ni17.45 bulk metallic glass. By plotting ln(R) versus 1/(T L - T XC)^(2), the R c will be obtained from the intercept of the straight line as shown in Fig. 6 . Thus, the R cs calculated by Eqs. (3) and (4) are 37.6±0.04Ks^(-1) and 17.8Ks^(-1). | 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2009.06.040 | Al12.1Cu7.95Ni17.45Zr62.5 | 17.8 | K/s | 1.25042 |
Glass forming ability and a novel method for evaluating the thermoplastic formability of Zr x Ti65-x Be27.5Cu7.5 alloys. Coincidentally, this unusual phenomenon has been observed intensively. It is found that La55Al25Ni20 (R c = 67.5 K/s) and La55Al25Cu5Ni10Co5 (R c = 18.8 K/s) present lower values of ΔG than Vit1 (R c... | 10.1016/j.intermet.2019.106600 | Al25Co5Cu5La55Ni10 | 18.8 | K/s | 1.274158 |
Study of frequency dependence modulus of bulk amorphous alloys around the glass transition by dynamic mechanical analysis. Therefore, in contrast to simple metallic glasses and most alloys, this exceptional thermal stability enables detailed studies of the relaxation dynamics in bulk Pd40Ni10Cu30P20 alloy in both the s... | 10.1016/S0966-9795(02)00143-7 | Al25Co5Cu10La55Ni5 | 18.8 | K/s | 1.274158 |
Thermodynamics of La based La–Al–Cu–Ni–Co alloys studied by temperature modulated DSC. After the thermodynamic functions of the alloy as a function of temperature were calculated, the Gibbs free energy of the undercooled liquid with respect to the crystal, ΔG l-s T , can also be evaluated by integrating the specific he... | 10.1016/S0966-9795(99)00159-4 | Al25Co1Cu10La55Ni5 | 18.8 | K/s | 1.274158 |
Thermodynamics, kinetics, and crystallization of Pt57.3Cu14.6Ni5.3P22.8 bulk metallic glass. By comparison, a pure metal must be quenched at rates exceeding 10^(9) K/s. Based on the similarities between platinum and palladium, the Pt57.3Cu14.6Ni5.3P22.8 alloy has been developed, with a critical cooling rate on the orde... | 10.1016/j.actamat.2006.09.024 | Cu14.6Ni5.3P22.8Pt57.3 | 20 | K/s | 1.30103 |
Development of process parameters for selective laser melting of a Zr-based bulk metallic glass. From the data in ref. [46], Rc for AMZ4 can be estimated to be 20 K/s. | 10.1016/j.addma.2020.101124 | Al10.4Cu28.8Nb1.5Zr59.3 | 20 | K/s | 1.30103 |
Corrosion behaviour of Mg65Cu7.5Ni7.5Ag5Zn5Gd5Y5 bulk metallic glass in aqueous environments. Based on these experiences, recently the Mg65Cu7.5Ni7.5Ag5Zn5Gd5Y5 alloy with maximum GFA was developed [13]. This alloy was fabricated by conventional copper mould casting in air in a bulk glassy state with a sample diameter ... | 10.1016/j.electacta.2007.12.001 | Ag5Cu7.5Gd5Mg65Ni7.5Y5Zn5 | 20 | K/s | 1.30103 |
Study on fabrication of bulk metallic glassy composites by horizontal continuous casting method. Fig. 6 illustrates the calculated temperature-time curves of Cu40Zr50Al10 alloy plate in withdrawal rates of 1 mm/s, 1.5 mm/s and 2 mm/s. The cooling rates can be obtained for 27.2 K/s, 23.1 K/s and 17.2 K/s, respectively, ... | 10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.11.108 | Al10Cu40Zr50 | 20 | K/s | 1.30103 |
Thermal stability and crystallization of a Zr-based metallic glass produced by suction casting and selective laser melting. Thus, the cooling rates associated with SLM are at least one order of magnitude higher than for suction casting and this parameter cannot explain our results. Moreover, as a critical cooling rate ... | 10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.153995 | Al10.4Cu28.8Nb1.5Zr59.3 | 20 | K/s | 1.30103 |
Assessing continuous casting of precious bulk metallic glasses. The cooling rates, computed from the first derivatives of temperature with time, are comparable at approximately 15 K/s to 17 K/s. According to literature this is clearly higher than the critical cooling rate reported for Pd43Ni10Cu27P20 (0.2 K/s [22], aft... | 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2018.09.035 | Cu14.6Ni5.3P22.8Pt57.3 | 20 | K/s | 1.30103 |
Undercooling behavior of Zr–Cu–Ni–Al bulk metallic glasses investigated by in situ synchrotron high energy X-ray diffraction. Lin and Johnson proposed that R c is closely related to the critical diameter of BMG [50], d max is the critical radius of the rod-shaped BMG in the unit of centimeter. Substituting the correspo... | 10.1016/j.msea.2012.06.030 | Al12.3Cu28Ni9Zr50.7 | 20 | K/s | 1.30103 |
Crystallization pathways of deeply undercooled Zr-Ti-Cu-Ni-Be melts. Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5 (Vit1) [1] and Zr46.8Ti8.2Cu7.5Ni10Be27.5 (Vit4) are bulk metallic glass formers with critical cooling rates of about 1–2 K/s and 20 K/s, respectively. Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5 (Vit1) [1] and Zr46.8Ti8.2Cu7.5Ni10Be27.5... | 10.1016/S1359-6462(01)00693-5 | Be27.5Cu7.5Ni10Ti8.2Zr46.8 | 20 | K/s | 1.30103 |
Prediction of the glass forming ability in Cu–Zr binary and Cu–Zr–Ti ternary alloys. These value are much lower than the other alloys. For example, the calculated critical cooling rates of Cu50Zr5Ti45 and Cu50Zr15Ti35 alloys are increased to 7.34×10^(5) K/s and 4.82×10^(3) K/s (Turnbull method), and 1.36×10^(4) K/s and... | 10.1016/j.intermet.2007.07.008 | Cu50Ti35Zr15 | 21.63 | K/s | 1.335057 |
Enhanced glass forming ability and refrigerant capacity of a Gd55Ni22Mn3Al20 bulk metallic glass. Thus, the supercooled liquid region ΔT and the reduced glass transition temperature T rg (T g /T l ) of the rod are about 50K and 0.58, respectively. The parameter γ(T x /(T g + T l )) of the Gd55Ni22Mn3Al20 BMG is about 0... | 10.1016/j.jallcom.2011.03.120 | Al20Gd55Mn3Ni22 | 22.4 | K/s | 1.350248 |
Bulk metallic glass formation in the Mg–Cu–Zn–Y system. Based on a relationship between the maximum casting thickness obtainable for a metallic glass and critical cooling rate, as expressed by (1) R c (K/s)=10/t^(2) (cm) where t is the resultant sample thickness [10], the critical cooling rate to form the glass for an ... | 10.1016/S1359-6462(02)00055-6 | Cu20Mg65Y10Zn5 | 25 | K/s | 1.39794 |
Phase evolution in Cu54Ni6Zr22Ti18 bulk metallic glass Nd:YAG laser weld. The effective cooling rate is far faster than the estimated critical cooling rate of Cu54Ni6Zr22Ti18 BMG. According to a previous study [14], maximum thickness is 6mm and the critical cooling rate is 27.7Ks^(-1) [15]. | 10.1016/j.msea.2006.06.118 | Cu54Ni6Ti18Zr22 | 27.7 | K/s | 1.44248 |
Investigation of glass forming ability and crystallization kinetics of Zr63.5Al10.7Cu10.7Ni15.1 bulk metallic glass. By plotting ln(R) versus 1/(T L - T XC)^(2), the R c will be obtained from the intercept of the straight line as shown in Fig. 8 . Thus, the R c calculated by Eqs. (3) and (4) is 35.7 and 27.8Ks^(-1), in... | 10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.06.134 | Al10.7Cu10.7Ni15.1Zr63.5 | 27.8 | K/s | 1.444045 |
Glass forming ability, non-isothermal crystallization kinetics, and mechanical property of Zr61.5Al10.7Cu13.65Ni14.15 metallic glass. By plotting ln(R) versus 1/(T L - T XC)^(2), the critical cooling rate R c will be obtained from the intercept of the straight line, as shown in Fig. 6 . Thus, the R cs are 33.2Ks^(-1) d... | 10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.10.125 | Al10.7Cu13.65Ni14.15Zr61.5 | 33.1 | K/s | 1.519828 |
Glass forming ability, non-isothermal crystallization kinetics, and mechanical property of Zr61.5Al10.7Cu13.65Ni14.15 metallic glass. By plotting ln(R) versus 1/(T L - T XC)^(2), the critical cooling rate R c will be obtained from the intercept of the straight line, as shown in Fig. 6 . Thus, the R cs are 33.2Ks^(-1) d... | 10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.10.125 | Al10.7Cu13.65Ni14.15Zr61.5 | 33.2 | K/s | 1.521138 |
Investigation of glass forming ability and crystallization kinetics of Zr63.5Al10.7Cu10.7Ni15.1 bulk metallic glass. By plotting ln(R) versus 1/(T L - T XC)^(2), the R c will be obtained from the intercept of the straight line as shown in Fig. 8 . Thus, the R c calculated by Eqs. (3) and (4) is 35.7 and 27.8Ks^(-1), in... | 10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.06.134 | Al10.7Cu10.7Ni15.1Zr63.5 | 35.7 | K/s | 1.552668 |
Glass formation and non-isothermal crystallization of Zr62.5Al12.1Cu7.95Ni17.45 bulk metallic glass. By plotting ln(R) versus 1/(T L - T XC)^(2), the R c will be obtained from the intercept of the straight line as shown in Fig. 6 . Thus, the R cs calculated by Eqs. (3) and (4) are 37.6±0.04Ks^(-1) and 17.8Ks^(-1). | 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2009.06.040 | Al12.1Cu7.95Ni17.45Zr62.5 | 37.6 | K/s | 1.575188 |
Atomic structure and formation of CuZrAl bulk metallic glasses and composites. Yu et al. [19] showed that with addition of 4–8at.%% Al to Cu50Zr50 alloy, glassy rods with diameter of at least 5mm can be cast. An estimated critical cooling rate of about 250Ks^(-1) for the Cu50Zr50 BMG decreases below 40Ks^(-1) for the C... | 10.1016/j.actamat.2015.08.060 | Al4Cu48Zr48 | 40 | K/s | 1.60206 |
Exploration of crystal growth behavior in Au-based metallic glass by nanocalorimetry. Based on the study conducted by Lin et at. [21], the critical cooling rate (R c) that inhibits crystallization for the current AuAgPdCuSi alloy is approximately 40 K/s. | 10.1016/j.intermet.2022.107494 | Ag1Au1Cu1Pd1Si1 | 40 | K/s | 1.60206 |
Microstructure and crystallization mechanism of Ti-based bulk metallic glass by electron beam welding. For Zr60Cu15Ni10Al10Pd5 metallic glass, Inoue et al. have reported a critical cooling rate of ～190 K/s for glass formation prepared by zone-melted method [22]. However, the critical cooling rate for glass formation is... | 10.1016/j.jmapro.2018.01.027 | Al10Cu15Ni10Pd5Zr60 | 40 | K/s | 1.60206 |
Effects of Sn addition on the glass forming ability and crystallization behavior in Ni–Zr–Ti–Si alloys. Fig. 6(c) shows a re-plot of the DTA spectra shown in Fig. 6(a) and (b) into a form of In R as a function of 1/(T L-T xc)^(2). The resulting critical cooling rate for the formation of the amorphous phase in the Ni59Z... | 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2003.10.011 | Ni59Si2Sn3Ti16Zr20 | 40 | K/s | 1.60206 |
Excellent glass-forming ability in simple Cu50Zr50-based alloys. For the Cu50Zr50 BMG, the estimated R c is about 250K/s. For the alloy with 4% Al addition, the R c drops to below 40K/s. | 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2005.03.012 | Al4Cu48Zr48 | 40 | K/s | 1.60206 |
Corrosion resistance and in vitro bioactivity of Si-containing coating prepared on a biodegradable Mg-Zn-Ca bulk metallic glass by micro-arc oxidation. The critical cooling rate which required a metallic glass to avoid the formation of detectable fraction of crystal in quenching molten alloys is used to describe the GF... | 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2016.11.011 | Ca6Mg65.2Zn28.8 | 40 | K/s | 1.60206 |
Effect of Al addition on structure and dynamics of Zr-Cu-Al glass-forming alloy. The GFA of BMG forming alloys are dependent on composition and, even a minor change in the fraction of the alloying element results in a drastic change in the GFA of the alloys. For example, the critical cooling rate RC (which gives measur... | 10.1016/j.matpr.2020.10.633 | Al8Cu46Zr46 | 40 | K/s | 1.60206 |
Electron-beam welding of Zr50Cu30Ni10Al10 bulk glassy alloys. The cast structure of the unidirectional solidified Zr60Cu15Ni5Al10Pd5 bulk glassy alloy was reported in 1995 [7]. In this report, the critical cooling rate for the glassy phase formation at the unidirectional solidification S/L interface is about 40K/s. | 10.1016/j.msea.2003.10.225 | Al10Cu15Ni5Pd5Zr60 | 40 | K/s | 1.60206 |
Undercooling behavior of Zr–Cu–Ni–Al bulk metallic glasses investigated by in situ synchrotron high energy X-ray diffraction. Lin and Johnson proposed that R c is closely related to the critical diameter of BMG [50], d max is the critical radius of the rod-shaped BMG in the unit of centimeter. Substituting the correspo... | 10.1016/j.msea.2012.06.030 | Al14.3Cu23.3Ni10.5Zr51.9 | 40 | K/s | 1.60206 |
Roles of minor additions in formation and properties of bulk metallic glasses. When 4% Al is added, the full amorphous rod can be produced up to 5mm at least. For the alloy with 4% Al addition, the critical cooling rate R c drops from 250K/s for the Cu50Zr50 BMG to about 40K/s. | 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2006.07.003 | Al4Cu48Zr48 | 40 | K/s | 1.60206 |
Glass forming ability and magnetic properties of a Gd55Ni25Al18Zn2 bulk metallic glass. The Tg , Tx , Tm and Tl of the BMG are about 552K, 591K, 906K and 949K, respectively, as marked clearly in Fig. 1(b). Thus, the reduced glass transition temperature (Trg = Tg / Tl ) [34], the parameter γ (= Tx /(Tg + Tl )), the crit... | 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2015.04.042 | Al18Gd55Ni25Zn2 | 45 | K/s | 1.653213 |
Crystallization prediction on laser three-dimensional printing of Zr-based bulk metallic glass. It is found that the characteristic temperatures meet the fitting very well, as described by lnR =7.9-901.8/(T l - T xc )^(2). Then the R c of Zr50Ti5Cu27Ni10Al8 BMG calculated by this method is 45K/s. | 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2017.01.038 | Al8Cu27Ni10Ti5Zr50 | 45 | K/s | 1.653213 |
Excellent glass forming ability and refrigeration capacity of a Gd55Al18Ni25Sn2 bulk metallic glass. This alloy was obtained with excellent GFA and MCE by minor addition and element replacement methods. The ΔT, Trg , γ, Rc and Zc obtained from the DSC results of the BMG are about 37K, 0.59, 0.394, 45.18K/s and 3.82mm, ... | 10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.07.137 | Al18Gd55Ni25Sn2 | 45.18 | K/s | 1.654946 |
Effect of the remelting scanning speed on the amorphous forming ability of Ni-based alloy using laser cladding plus a laser remelting process. Based on the test results of Fig. 7, the critical cooling rate (Rc ) for the (Ni0.6Fe0.4)68B18Si10Nb4 alloy was also calculated according to the study of Z. P. Lu [24]. A value ... | 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2014.09.067 | B18Fe27.2Nb4Ni40.8Si10 | 49.3 | K/s | 1.692847 |
Enthalpy relaxation and its relation to the thermodynamics and crystallization of the Zr58.5Cu15.6Ni12.8Al10.3Nb2.8 bulk metallic glass-forming alloy. The entropy of fusion and the critical cooling rate of V106a are 8.03J/g-atom/K and 1.75K/s, respectively, which are comparable to the values of about 8.8J/g-atom/K and ... | 10.1016/j.actamat.2006.09.040 | Cu25Mg64Y10 | 50 | K/s | 1.69897 |
Reduced glass transition temperature and glass forming ability of bulk glass forming alloys. Our result as well as that of Busch et al. [15] shows that this alloy is at a ternary eutectic point. Similarly, each of the two best glass forming alloys, Mg65Ni20Nd15 and Mg70Ni20Nd10 with critical section thickness of 3.5 an... | 10.1016/S0022-3093(00)00064-8 | Mg65Nd15Ni20 | 50 | K/s | 1.69897 |
Bulk metallic glass formation in the Mg–Cu–Zn–Y system. Among them, ternary Mg65Cu25Y10 alloy shows a good glass-forming ability (GFA) so that metallic glass rods with diameters of 4 and 7 mm can be prepared by using the copper mold casting and high pressure die-casting methods, respectively [1,2]. The critical cooling... | 10.1016/S1359-6462(02)00055-6 | Cu25Mg65Y10 | 50 | K/s | 1.69897 |
The correlation between reduced glass transition temperature and glass forming ability of bulk metallic glasses. Our result as well as that of Busch et al [14] show that this alloy is at a ternary eutectic point. Similarly, each of the two best glass forming alloys, Mg65Ni20Nd15 and Mg70Ni20Nd10 with critical section t... | 10.1016/S1359-6462(99)00417-0 | Mg65Nd15Ni20 | 50 | K/s | 1.69897 |
Viscosity-related properties of Mg65Cu25Y10 bulk metallic glass determined by uniaxial tension in the supercooled liquid region. Fig. 2b shows ln R as a function of ( T l - T x c ) 2 which yields a straight line (R ^(2) =1.0) and, hence, confirms the validity of Eq. (6). From the y-intercept, R c was determined to be... | 10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.02.116 | Cu25Mg65Y10 | 58.5 | K/s | 1.767156 |
Summary of the CALPHAD XXXVI 2007 conference. The mobility values for B, C, Fe, Cr and Mo used to perform these calculations were based on the results of Tyagi et al. [9]. The results for SAM7, which contains 2 at.%% Y, following the findings of Lu et al. [10] and Ponnambalam et al. [11,12], and SAM2X5 [13] which exhib... | 10.1016/j.calphad.2007.11.002 | B6C15Cr15Fe48Mo14Y2 | 60 | K/s | 1.778151 |
Ternary Sm–Al–Co bulk metallic glass with high glass-forming ability. For the Sm55Al25Co20 alloy with 4mm in diameter, its critical cooling rate is about 60K/s. As for previously reported, Sm60Fe10Al10Co15Cu5 BMG with critical diameter of 3mm, its critical cooling rate is about 110K/s, obviously higher than Sm55Al25Co2... | 10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.05.072 | Al25Co20Sm55 | 60 | K/s | 1.778151 |
Corrosion resistance and in vitro bioactivity of Si-containing coating prepared on a biodegradable Mg-Zn-Ca bulk metallic glass by micro-arc oxidation. The critical cooling rate which required a metallic glass to avoid the formation of detectable fraction of crystal in quenching molten alloys is used to describe the GF... | 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2016.11.011 | Ca6Mg67.2Zn26.8 | 62.5 | K/s | 1.79588 |
Revisiting the Cu47Ti33Zr11Ni8Si1 glass-forming alloy. Although the value estimated for our experiments (62.5K/s) is close to these predictions, the microstructure as observed by TEM clearly reveals a composite microstructure. Additionally, the critical cooling rate as well as the critical casting thickness can be calc... | 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2005.11.007 | Cu47Ni8Si1Ti33Zr11 | 62.5 | K/s | 1.79588 |
Glass forming ability and a novel method for evaluating the thermoplastic formability of Zr x Ti65-x Be27.5Cu7.5 alloys. Coincidentally, this unusual phenomenon has been observed intensively. It is found that La55Al25Ni20 (R c = 67.5 K/s) and La55Al25Cu5Ni10Co5 (R c = 18.8 K/s) present lower values of ΔG than Vit1 (R c... | 10.1016/j.intermet.2019.106600 | Al25La55Ni20 | 67.5 | K/s | 1.829304 |
Thermodynamics of La based La–Al–Cu–Ni–Co alloys studied by temperature modulated DSC. After the thermodynamic functions of the alloy as a function of temperature were calculated, the Gibbs free energy of the undercooled liquid with respect to the crystal, ΔG l-s T , can also be evaluated by integrating the specific he... | 10.1016/S0966-9795(99)00159-4 | Al25La55Ni20 | 67.5 | K/s | 1.829304 |
Viscosity-related properties of Mg65Cu25Y10 bulk metallic glass determined by uniaxial tension in the supercooled liquid region. Using Richard's law for Δ H f , it was found that T N = 558 K and t N = 2.5 s . Hence, according to Eq. (14), the critical cooling rate for the present alloy is 83°C/s and 75°C/s using th... | 10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.02.116 | Cu25Mg65Y10 | 75 | K/s | 1.875061 |
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