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The dataset generation failed
Error code: DatasetGenerationError
Exception: ChunkedEncodingError
Message: ('Connection broken: IncompleteRead(4318699 bytes read, 924693 more expected)', IncompleteRead(4318699 bytes read, 924693 more expected))
Traceback: Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/urllib3/response.py", line 779, in _error_catcher
yield
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/urllib3/response.py", line 925, in _raw_read
raise IncompleteRead(self._fp_bytes_read, self.length_remaining)
urllib3.exceptions.IncompleteRead: IncompleteRead(4318699 bytes read, 924693 more expected)
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/requests/models.py", line 820, in generate
yield from self.raw.stream(chunk_size, decode_content=True)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/urllib3/response.py", line 1091, in stream
data = self.read(amt=amt, decode_content=decode_content)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/urllib3/response.py", line 1008, in read
data = self._raw_read(amt)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/urllib3/response.py", line 903, in _raw_read
with self._error_catcher():
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/contextlib.py", line 158, in __exit__
self.gen.throw(value)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/urllib3/response.py", line 803, in _error_catcher
raise ProtocolError(arg, e) from e
urllib3.exceptions.ProtocolError: ('Connection broken: IncompleteRead(4318699 bytes read, 924693 more expected)', IncompleteRead(4318699 bytes read, 924693 more expected))
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1816, in _prepare_split_single
for key, table in generator:
^^^^^^^^^
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 611, in wrapped
for item in generator(*args, **kwargs):
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/hdf5/hdf5.py", line 87, in _generate_tables
pa_table = _recursive_load_arrays(h5, self.info.features, start, end)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/hdf5/hdf5.py", line 273, in _recursive_load_arrays
arr = _recursive_load_arrays(dset, features[path], start, end)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/hdf5/hdf5.py", line 269, in _recursive_load_arrays
for path, dset in h5_obj.items():
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/h5py/_hl/base.py", line 436, in __iter__
for key in self._mapping:
^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/h5py/_hl/group.py", line 502, in __iter__
for x in self.id.__iter__():
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "h5py/h5g.pyx", line 138, in h5py.h5g.GroupIter.__next__
File "h5py/_objects.pyx", line 56, in h5py._objects.with_phil.wrapper
File "h5py/_objects.pyx", line 57, in h5py._objects.with_phil.wrapper
File "h5py/h5l.pyx", line 320, in h5py.h5l.LinkProxy.iterate
File "h5py/h5fd.pyx", line 162, in h5py.h5fd.H5FD_fileobj_read
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/fsspec/spec.py", line 1856, in readinto
data = self.read(out.nbytes)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/utils/file_utils.py", line 844, in read_with_retries
out = read(*args, **kwargs)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 730, in track_read
out = f_read(*args, **kwargs)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/huggingface_hub/hf_file_system.py", line 1015, in read
return super().read(length)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/fsspec/spec.py", line 1846, in read
out = self.cache._fetch(self.loc, self.loc + length)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/fsspec/caching.py", line 189, in _fetch
self.cache = self.fetcher(start, end) # new block replaces old
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/huggingface_hub/hf_file_system.py", line 969, in _fetch_range
r = http_backoff(
^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/huggingface_hub/utils/_http.py", line 310, in http_backoff
response = session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 589, in request
resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 724, in send
history = [resp for resp in gen]
^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 265, in resolve_redirects
resp = self.send(
^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 746, in send
r.content
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/requests/models.py", line 902, in content
self._content = b"".join(self.iter_content(CONTENT_CHUNK_SIZE)) or b""
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/requests/models.py", line 822, in generate
raise ChunkedEncodingError(e)
requests.exceptions.ChunkedEncodingError: ('Connection broken: IncompleteRead(4318699 bytes read, 924693 more expected)', IncompleteRead(4318699 bytes read, 924693 more expected))
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 1361, in compute_config_parquet_and_info_response
parquet_operations, partial, estimated_dataset_info = stream_convert_to_parquet(
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 940, in stream_convert_to_parquet
builder._prepare_split(split_generator=splits_generators[split], file_format="parquet")
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1683, in _prepare_split
for job_id, done, content in self._prepare_split_single(
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1869, in _prepare_split_single
raise DatasetGenerationError("An error occurred while generating the dataset") from e
datasets.exceptions.DatasetGenerationError: An error occurred while generating the datasetNeed help to make the dataset viewer work? Make sure to review how to configure the dataset viewer, and open a discussion for direct support.
AVHRR dict | Data dict | Geolocation dict |
|---|---|---|
{
"avhrrCGy": [
[
-658198,
-586237,
-569690,
0,
0,
0,
0
],
[
0,
0,
297214,
545010,
705858,
943547,
0
],
[
0,
0,
-568889,
-617216,
-715714,
0,
0
],
[
0,
... | {
"FOV": [
1,
7,
9,
16,
18,
22,
28,
31,
36,
39,
43,
47,
50,
55,
57,
61,
66,
69,
76,
77,
82,
87,
91,
93,
100,
103,
107,
111,
115,
118
],
"GQisFlagQual": [
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0... | {
"Latitude": [
702221,
707666,
720716,
725327,
732950,
738430,
742638,
746181,
751487,
754330,
757983,
761423,
765895,
767809,
773077,
775987,
777620,
781623,
783341,
787118,
788418,
790041,
792653,
797889,
799511,
... |
{
"avhrrCGy": [
[
-764320,
-599409,
-384639,
-164184,
0,
0,
0
],
[
0,
0,
0,
-657850,
0,
-379251,
0
],
[
693516,
912975,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0
],
[
0,
-389596,
... | {
"FOV": [
1,
8,
11,
16,
17,
22,
26,
31,
35,
38,
42,
48,
52,
53,
59,
64,
67,
70,
76,
77,
84,
88,
90,
96,
97,
104,
108,
111,
114,
119
],
"GQisFlagQual": [
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0... | {
"Latitude": [
700021,
706547,
714193,
722822,
731392,
735671,
740509,
743286,
747436,
752662,
756156,
759337,
762543,
766729,
767374,
771408,
772959,
776672,
779611,
783269,
784897,
787517,
789507,
792692,
796173,
... |
{"avhrrCGy":[[0,0,0,641509,729290,710830,0],[0,0,-650146,-606813,-541871,0,0],[-607359,-511999,0,0,0(...TRUNCATED) | {"FOV":[2,5,9,14,18,22,27,30,36,39,44,46,51,54,58,62,68,69,73,77,84,85,91,96,100,101,106,110,113,117(...TRUNCATED) | {"Latitude":[696482,707597,715754,721506,727519,732823,735842,741885,745512,748135,752780,756132,758(...TRUNCATED) |
{"avhrrCGy":[[0,0,0,0,720603,699710,0],[0,0,0,0,738440,626434,0],[0,0,-876228,-633362,-363425,0,0],[(...TRUNCATED) | {"FOV":[2,6,12,15,20,24,28,29,35,39,44,47,51,54,57,63,68,69,73,79,82,86,89,96,97,103,107,110,115,118(...TRUNCATED) | {"Latitude":[694052,703851,710338,716310,723756,729193,734038,739944,741229,744915,749512,751557,754(...TRUNCATED) |
{"avhrrCGy":[[0,0,0,-481142,-658783,-506591,0],[0,0,749397,717554,608761,0,0],[0,0,0,0,460288,697207(...TRUNCATED) | {"FOV":[1,6,11,16,17,23,25,32,34,37,41,46,51,53,59,64,67,72,74,79,82,87,91,94,99,101,105,112,116,120(...TRUNCATED) | {"Latitude":[692875,701218,706368,714785,722969,725015,732658,735292,739412,744104,747382,749275,751(...TRUNCATED) |
{"avhrrCGy":[[0,0,0,-557270,-575591,-644607,0],[0,0,-453908,-629037,-550532,0,0],[0,0,0,606219,66081(...TRUNCATED) | {"FOV":[1,5,11,16,18,24,25,30,33,37,44,46,51,53,60,64,67,70,76,77,81,87,90,93,100,102,107,111,115,11(...TRUNCATED) | {"Latitude":[690343,699854,703590,711941,718748,723217,729517,732371,737297,740736,742756,745744,747(...TRUNCATED) |
{"avhrrCGy":[[0,0,-363716,-681293,-530430,-489208,0],[0,-860249,-662553,-563278,-419990,0,0],[0,0,0,(...TRUNCATED) | {"FOV":[1,5,12,16,17,23,25,30,34,37,43,46,50,55,60,64,68,72,73,77,83,87,92,93,98,103,105,112,114,119(...TRUNCATED) | {"Latitude":[687734,697114,702125,709023,716954,718829,726305,729055,732703,737300,738028,742145,744(...TRUNCATED) |
{"avhrrCGy":[[0,0,-542975,-603318,-620605,-693671,0],[0,-741713,-741632,-568496,-535306,-699574,0],[(...TRUNCATED) | {"FOV":[1,8,9,15,17,24,28,29,36,38,43,48,49,56,60,61,65,72,76,78,83,87,92,95,97,103,108,112,113,118](...TRUNCATED) | {"Latitude":[685048,691100,701900,704662,713839,716947,721456,726934,729195,732554,734500,738682,742(...TRUNCATED) |
{"avhrrCGy":[[-318556,-611605,-587588,-618646,-653535,0,0],[0,0,-652951,-591686,-518976,-651937,0],[(...TRUNCATED) | {"FOV":[1,8,9,15,20,24,26,31,36,37,42,48,51,55,60,64,65,72,75,78,82,88,91,93,97,103,106,110,114,119](...TRUNCATED) | {"Latitude":[682290,688262,698910,701573,708715,713710,718383,720814,725729,730245,731983,735007,736(...TRUNCATED) |
{"avhrrCGy":[[693428,715953,494636,964854,0,0,0],[754816,619762,550639,892786,944360,0,0],[0,0,-3742(...TRUNCATED) | {"FOV":[3,7,9,15,17,22,25,30,35,38,42,47,52,56,60,63,67,72,74,77,81,85,91,95,97,102,108,110,116,119](...TRUNCATED) | {"Latitude":[673972,683821,695850,698435,707410,710760,716273,718731,720896,725333,728286,729974,733(...TRUNCATED) |
End of preview.
YAML Metadata Warning:empty or missing yaml metadata in repo card
Check out the documentation for more information.
MetOp ERA5 PABLH Dataset
Large-scale dataset of MetOp satellite radiances collocated with ERA5 Planetary Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height (PABLH) targets, introduced in:
Larosa et al., Planetary Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Retrieval from Synergistic Microwave--Infrared Observations from Operational Polar Satellites, under review.
Overview
The dataset covers the calendar year 2022, sampled at weekly intervals (one date per week, from 3 January to 26 December), with four synoptic overpass times per date (00, 06, 12, and 18 UTC). It contains 194 orbital passages from the MetOp-C satellite, totalling over 4.3 million samples distributed across all seasons and latitudes.
The teamx/ folder contains 30 additional overpasses from two dates (14 February 2025 and 25 June 2025) collocated with the TEAMx observational campaign over the European Alps. These are used as an independent out-of-distribution evaluation set.
Structure
data/ 194 HDF5 files — main dataset (training, validation, test)
teamx/ 30 HDF5 files — TEAMx campaign overpasses (independent evaluation)
Each file corresponds to one orbital passage and is named:
iasi_YYYYMMDD_HH_METOPC_with_target.h5
File Format
Each HDF5 file contains the following groups:
Geolocation/
| Field | Shape | Description |
|---|---|---|
Latitude |
(H, 30) | Latitude in units of 1e-4 degrees |
Longitude |
(H, 30) | Longitude in units of 1e-4 degrees |
Satellite_zenith_angle |
(H, 30) | Satellite zenith angle |
Solar_zenith_angle |
(H, 30) | Solar zenith angle |
Surface_height |
(H, 30) | Surface elevation (m) |
Surface_type |
(H, 30) | Surface type flag |
Data/
| Field | Shape | Description |
|---|---|---|
scalrad |
(H, 30, 168) | IASI infrared radiances, scaled (W/m² sr m⁻¹) |
btemps |
(H, 30, 20) | AMSU-A and MHS brightness temperatures; scale factor 0.01 K |
cloudflag |
(H, 30, 10) | Cloud flags per IASI pixel |
target_blh |
(H, 30, 4) | ERA5 PABLH target: [mean, std, min, max] of the 4 nearest ERA5 grid points (m) |
H is the number of scan lines in the passage (typically ~800).
AVHRR/
AVHRR cloud fraction and radiance statistics collocated to the IASI footprint.
Target Variable
Data/target_blh[:, :, 0] is the mean ERA5 PABLH over the 4 nearest ERA5 grid points, in metres. This is the regression target used in the companion paper. The remaining three channels provide the standard deviation, minimum, and maximum across the 4 points, which can be used to assess collocation uncertainty.
ERA5 PABLH is derived using the bulk Richardson number method and carries a production lag of several months relative to the observation time.
Citation
If you use this dataset, please cite:
@misc{larosa2026pablh,
author = {Salvatore Larosa and Domenico Cimini and Saverio Teodosio Nilo and Mariassunta Viggiano and Lorenzo Innocenti and Luca Catalano and Claudio Rossi and Francesco Di Paola and Donatello Gallucci and Sabrina Gentile and Edoardo Geraldi and Elisabetta Ricciardelli and Filomena Romano and Paolo Garza},
journal = {IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing},
title = {Planetary Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Retrieval from Synergistic Microwave--Infrared Observations from Operational Polar Satellites},
year = {2026},
note = {Under review},
}
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