Datasets:

referencesource
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osha-medical-surveillance-triggers

action_level stringlengths 12 150	cfr_section stringlengths 7 9	exam_frequency stringlengths 8 320	id stringlengths 4 58	pel stringlengths 12 210	record_retention stringlengths 17 127	source stringlengths 47 49	source_quote stringlengths 36 1.77k	substance stringlengths 4 60	surveillance_trigger stringlengths 76 320	url stringlengths 68 122	verified_fields listlengths 1 4 ⌀
none defined	1910.1044	At the time of initial assignment, and annually thereafter	1-2-dibromo-3-chloropropane	1 part DBCP per billion parts of air (ppb) as an 8-hour time-weighted average	at least 40 years or the duration of employment plus 20 years, whichever is longer	https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/29/1910.1044	DANGER 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane CANCER HAZARD (p) Recordkeeping —(1) Exposure monitoring. (i) The employer shall establish and maintain an accurate <https://www.law.cornell.edu/definitions/index.php?width=840&height=800&iframe=true&def_id=16d5cbe4e2780e9007037fa6a12974c6&term_occur=999&term_src=Title:29:Subtitle:B:C...	1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane	employees who work in regulated areas and employees who are subjected to DBCP exposures in an emergency situation	https://referencesource.org/osha-medical-surveillance-triggers/1-2-dibromo-3-chloropropane/	[ "cfr_section", "record_retention", "substance" ]
0.5 ppm calculated as an eight (8)-hour time-weighted average	1910.1051	At time of initial assignment; at least every 5 years; within 30 days after exposure during emergency; at reassignment to non-BD area if 12 months or more have elapsed since last exam; at termination if 12 months or more have elapsed since last exam	1-3-butadiene	one (1) part BD per million parts of air (ppm) measured as an eight (8)-hour time-weighted average; five parts of BD per million parts of air (5 ppm) as determined over a sampling period of fifteen (15) minutes	duration of employment plus 30 years	https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/29/1910.1051	1910.1051 1,3-Butadiene." /> 29 CFR §	1,3-Butadiene	each employee with exposure to BD at concentrations at or above the action level on 30 or more days or for employees who have or may have exposure to BD at or above the PELs on 10 or more days a year	https://referencesource.org/osha-medical-surveillance-triggers/1-3-butadiene/	[ "cfr_section", "substance" ]
none defined	1910.1003	at least annually (periodic physical examinations, not less often than annually, following the preassignment examination)	13-carcinogens-4-nitrobiphenyl-etc	none defined (standard prohibits entry to regulated areas without authorization; no numerical PEL stated)	duration of the employee's employment	https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/29/1910.1003	1910.1003 13 Carcinogens (4-Nitrobiphenyl, etc.)." /> 29 CFR §	13 Carcinogens (4-Nitrobiphenyl, etc.)	employees considered for assignment to enter regulated areas, and for authorized employees	https://referencesource.org/osha-medical-surveillance-triggers/13-carcinogens-4-nitrobiphenyl-etc/	[ "cfr_section", "substance" ]
1 ppm as an eight (8)-hour time-weighted average	1910.1045	At the time of initial assignment, or upon institution of the medical surveillance program; at least annually thereafter	acrylonitrile	two (2) parts acrylonitrile per million parts of air (2 ppm) as an eight (8)-hour time-weighted average; ten (10) ppm as averaged over any fifteen (15)-minute period	at least forty (40) years, or for the duration of employment plus twenty (20) years, whichever is longer	https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/29/1910.1045	<https://www.law.cornell.edu/definitions/index.php?width=840&height=800&iframe=true&def_id=73fb91be2169421e83a117ba377f14a6&term_occur=999&term_src=Title:29:Subtitle:B:Chapter:XVII:Part:1910:1910.1045> the employer 's reliance on the data, as provided in paragraph (q) of this section . (b) Definitions. Acrylonitrile or...	Acrylonitrile	each employee who is or will be exposed to AN at or above the action level, without regard to the use of respirators	https://referencesource.org/osha-medical-surveillance-triggers/acrylonitrile/	[ "action_level", "cfr_section", "substance" ]
none defined	1910.1001	annually (periodic medical examinations shall be made available annually)	asbestos	0.1 fiber per cubic centimeter of air as an eight (8)-hour time-weighted average (TWA); excursion limit: 1 f/cc averaged over a sampling period of thirty (30) minutes	duration of employment plus thirty (30) years	https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/29/1910.1001	<https://www.law.cornell.edu/definitions/index.php?width=840&height=800&iframe=true&def_id=b3c19faa4963f563c95da8d16744338e&term_occur=999&term_src=Title:29:Subtitle:B:Chapter:XVII:Part:1910:1910.1001> HEPA filter . (l) Medical surveillance —(1) General —(i) Employees covered . The employer shall institute a medical su...	Asbestos	exposed to airborne concentrations of fibers of asbestos at or above the TWA and/or excursion limit	https://referencesource.org/osha-medical-surveillance-triggers/asbestos/	[ "cfr_section", "substance", "surveillance_trigger" ]
0.5 ppm (TWA)	1910.1028	Annually	benzene	1 ppm (TWA); 5 ppm (STEL, 15 minutes)	Duration of employment plus 30 years	https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/29/1910.1028	DANGER CONTAINS BENZENE CANCER HAZARD (3) Information and training . (i) The employer shall provide employees with information and training at the time of their initial assignment to a work area where benzene is present. If exposures are above the action level , employees shall be provided with information and training...	Benzene	Employees exposed at or above the action level 30 or more days per year; or at or above the PELs 10 or more days per year	https://referencesource.org/osha-medical-surveillance-triggers/benzene/	[ "cfr_section", "exam_frequency", "substance" ]
0.1 micrograms per cubic meter of air (µg/m3) calculated as an 8-hour time-weighted average (TWA)	1910.1024	Initial examination; at least every two years thereafter for each employee who continues to meet the criteria; at termination of employment unless an examination has been provided in the six months prior to termination	beryllium	0.2 µg/m3 calculated as an 8-hour TWA; 2.0 µg/m3 as determined over a sampling period of 15 minutes	maintained and made available in accordance with the Records Access standard (§ 1910.1020)	https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/29/1910.1024	1910.1024 Beryllium." /> 29 CFR §	Beryllium	Who is or is reasonably expected to be exposed at or above the action level for more than 30 days per year; who shows signs or symptoms of CBD or other beryllium-related health effects; who is exposed to beryllium during an emergency; or whose most recent written medical opinion recommends periodic medical surveillance	https://referencesource.org/osha-medical-surveillance-triggers/beryllium/	[ "cfr_section", "substance" ]
none defined	1910.1030	Hepatitis B vaccination offered within 10 working days of initial assignment; post-exposure evaluation made immediately available after each exposure incident	bloodborne-pathogens	none defined	Duration of employment plus 30 years	https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/29/1910.1030	1910.1030 Bloodborne pathogens." /> 29 CFR §	Bloodborne pathogens	All employees with occupational exposure (reasonably anticipated skin, eye, mucous membrane, or parenteral contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials)	https://referencesource.org/osha-medical-surveillance-triggers/bloodborne-pathogens/	[ "cfr_section", "substance" ]
2.5 µg/m3 (TWA)	1910.1027	Periodic medical examination at least biennially; biological sampling at least annually	cadmium	5 µg/m3 (TWA)	Duration of employment plus 30 years	https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/29/1910.1027	1910.1027 Cadmium." /> 29 CFR §	Cadmium	Employees exposed at or above the action level on 30 or more days per year (twelve consecutive months)	https://referencesource.org/osha-medical-surveillance-triggers/cadmium/	[ "cfr_section", "substance" ]
none defined	1910.1029	at least annually	coke-oven-emissions	150 micrograms per cubic meter of air (150 µg/m3), averaged over any 8-hour period	at least 40 years, or for the duration of employment plus 20 years, whichever is longer	https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/29/1910.1029	(iii) The training program shall be provided at least annually for all employees who are employed in the regulated area , except that training regarding the occupational safety and <https://www.law.cornell.edu/definitions/index.php?width=840&height=800&iframe=true&def_id=9b27d2ff04887773c45ec67cb3d05f70&term_occur=999&...	Coke oven emissions	all employees who are employed in a regulated area at least 30 days per year	https://referencesource.org/osha-medical-surveillance-triggers/coke-oven-emissions/	[ "cfr_section", "exam_frequency", "substance" ]
100 µg/m3 (yarn manufacturing and cotton washing); 250 µg/m3 (waste houses); 375 µg/m3 (slashing and weaving) — all 8-hr TWA lint-free respirable dust	1910.1043	At least annually for employees exposed above the action level; at least every two years for employees at or below the action level; every six months for employees with specified FEV1 decrements	cotton-dust	200 µg/m3 (yarn manufacturing and cotton washing); 500 µg/m3 (waste house operations)	At least 20 years	https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/29/1910.1043	(D) Any employee medical complaints related to exposure to cotton dust ; (E) A copy of this standard and its appendices, except that the employer may keep one copy of the standard and the appendices for all employees , provided that he references the standard and appendices in the medical surveillance record of each em...	Cotton dust	All employees exposed to cotton dust (initial examination for all); annual surveillance for employees exposed above the action level; every two years for employees at or below the action level	https://referencesource.org/osha-medical-surveillance-triggers/cotton-dust/	[ "cfr_section", "record_retention", "substance" ]
0.5 ppm calculated as an eight (8)-hour time-weighted average	1910.1047	Prior to assignment; at least annually each employee exposed at or above the action level for at least 30 days in the past year; at termination of employment or reassignment	ethylene-oxide	one (1) part EtO per million parts of air (1 ppm) as an 8-hour time-weighted average (8-hour TWA); 5 parts of EtO per million parts of air (5 ppm) as averaged over a sampling period of fifteen (15) minutes	exposure records: at least thirty (30) years; medical records: duration of employment plus thirty (30) years	https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/29/1910.1047	1910.1047 Ethylene oxide." /> 29 CFR §	Ethylene oxide	all employees who are or may be exposed to EtO at or above the action level, without regard to the use of respirators, for at least 30 days a year	https://referencesource.org/osha-medical-surveillance-triggers/ethylene-oxide/	[ "cfr_section", "substance" ]
0.5 part formaldehyde per million parts of air (0.5 ppm) calculated as an eight (8)-hour time-weighted average (TWA) concentration	1910.1048	prior to assignment to a job where formaldehyde exposure is at or above the action level or above the STEL and annually thereafter	formaldehyde	0.75 parts formaldehyde per million parts of air (0.75 ppm) as an 8-hour TWA; 2 ppm STEL	Exposure records and determinations: at least 30 years; Medical records: duration of employment plus 30 years	https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/29/1910.1048	<https://www.law.cornell.edu/definitions/index.php?width=840&height=800&iframe=true&def_id=d75fccdc8250228b94fecda509956f75&term_occur=999&term_src=Title:29:Subtitle:B:Chapter:XVII:Part:1910:1910.1048> Medical surveillance —(1) Employees covered . (i) The employer shall institute medical surveillance programs for all e...	Formaldehyde	all employees exposed to formaldehyde at concentrations at or exceeding the action level or exceeding the STEL	https://referencesource.org/osha-medical-surveillance-triggers/formaldehyde/	[ "cfr_section", "exam_frequency", "substance", "surveillance_trigger" ]
none defined	1910.120	Prior to assignment; at least once every twelve months unless physician believes a longer interval (not greater than biennially) is appropriate; at termination if no exam within last six months; as soon as possible after emergency incident or development of signs or symptoms	hazardous-waste-operations-and-emergency-response-hazwoper	none defined	Retained for the period specified and meeting the criteria of 29 CFR 1910.1020	https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/29/1910.120	All employees who are or may be exposed to hazardous substances or health hazards at or above the permissible exposure limits or, if there is no permissible exposure limit , above the published exposure levels for these substances , without regard to the use of respirators , for 30 days or more a year	Hazardous waste operations and emergency response (HAZWOPER)	Employees exposed to hazardous substances or health hazards at or above the PEL (or published exposure levels if no PEL) for 30 days or more per year; employees who wear a respirator for 30 days or more per year; employees who are injured or develop signs or symptoms from overexposure; members of HAZMAT teams	https://referencesource.org/osha-medical-surveillance-triggers/hazardous-waste-operations-and-emergency-response-hazwoper/	null
2.5 micrograms per cubic meter of air (2.5 µgm/m3) calculated as an 8-hour time-weighted average (TWA)	1910.1026	Within 30 days after initial assignment; annually; within 30 days after PLHCP written medical opinion recommends additional examination; whenever employee shows signs or symptoms; within 30 days after emergency exposure	hexavalent-chromium	5 micrograms per cubic meter of air (5 µgm/m3), calculated as an 8-hour time-weighted average (TWA)	maintained and made available in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.1020	https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/29/1910.1026	<https://www.law.cornell.edu/definitions/index.php?width=840&height=800&iframe=true&def_id=6af9a0e4b2ea72786a9cf387077af7a7&term_occur=999&term_src=Title:29:Subtitle:B:Chapter:XVII:Part:1910:1910.1026> Assistant Secretary of Labor for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Department of Labor , or designee. Chromium (VI)...	Hexavalent chromium	Who are or may be occupationally exposed to chromium (VI) at or above the action level for 30 or more days a year; experiencing signs or symptoms of the adverse health effects associated with chromium (VI) exposure; or exposed in an emergency	https://referencesource.org/osha-medical-surveillance-triggers/hexavalent-chromium/	[ "cfr_section", "substance" ]
5 micrograms per cubic meter of air (5 µg/m3)	1910.1018	annually (for employees 45 years of age or less with fewer than 10 years exposure over the action level); every 6 months (for employees over 45 years old or with more than 10 years exposure over the action level)	inorganic-arsenic	10 micrograms per cubic meter of air (10 µg/m3) as determined as an average over an 8-hour period	at least 40 years or for the duration of employment plus 20 years, whichever is longer	https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/29/1910.1018	1910.1018 Inorganic arsenic." /> 29 CFR §	Inorganic arsenic	all employees who are or will be exposed above the action level, without regard to the use of respirators, at least 30 days per year; and all employees who have been exposed above the action level for 30 days or more per year for a total of 10 years or more	https://referencesource.org/osha-medical-surveillance-triggers/inorganic-arsenic/	[ "cfr_section", "substance" ]
an airborne concentration of lead of 30 micrograms per cubic meter of air (30 µg/m3) averaged over an 8-hour period	1910.1025	at least every 6 months (biological monitoring); at least annually for each employee for whom a blood lead level at any time during the preceding 12 months indicated at or above 40 µg/100 g	lead	fifty micrograms per cubic meter of air (50 µg/m3) averaged over an 8-hour period	at least 40 years, or for the duration of employment plus 20 years, whichever is longer	https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/29/1910.1025	(iv) The employer shall maintain or assure that the physician maintains those medical records for at least 40 years, or for the duration of employment plus 20 years, whichever is longer. (3) Medical removals. (i) The employer shall establish and maintain an accurate record for each employee removed from current exposur...	Lead	all employees who are or may be exposed at or above the action level for more than 30 days per year	https://referencesource.org/osha-medical-surveillance-triggers/lead/	[ "cfr_section", "record_retention", "substance" ]
12.5 parts per million (ppm) calculated as an eight (8)-hour time-weighted average (TWA)	1910.1052	Initial before assignment; for employees 45 years of age or older, within 12 months of initial or any subsequent surveillance; for employees younger than 45 years of age, within 36 months of initial or any subsequent surveillance; at termination or reassignment if six months or more have elapsed since last surveillance	methylene-chloride	twenty-five parts of MC per million parts of air (25 ppm) as an 8-hour TWA; one hundred and twenty-five parts of MC per million parts of air (125 ppm) as determined over a sampling period of fifteen minutes	duration of employment plus thirty (30) years	https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/29/1910.1052	<https://www.law.cornell.edu/definitions/index.php?width=840&height=800&iframe=true&def_id=127ec2eccc47b064b95580991711b3ce&term_occur=999&term_src=Title:29:Subtitle:B:Chapter:XVII:Part:1910:1910.1052> Scope and application . This section applies to all occupational exposures to methylene chloride (MC), <https://www.la...	Methylene chloride	at or above the action level on 30 or more days per year, or above the 8-hour TWA PEL or the STEL on 10 or more days per year	https://referencesource.org/osha-medical-surveillance-triggers/methylene-chloride/	[ "action_level", "cfr_section", "substance" ]
5 ppb as an eight (8)-hour time-weighted average	1910.1050	within 150 days of the effective date or before the time of initial assignment; at least annually following the initial examination	methylenedianiline	ten parts per billion (10 ppb) as an 8-hour time-weighted average; STEL of 100 ppb	exposure records: at least 30 years; medical records: at least the duration of employment plus 30 years	https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/29/1910.1050	1910.1050 Methylenedianiline." /> 29 CFR §	Methylenedianiline	Employees exposed at or above the action level for 30 or more days per year; employees who are subject to dermal exposure to MDA for 15 or more days per year; employees who have been exposed in an emergency situation	https://referencesource.org/osha-medical-surveillance-triggers/methylenedianiline/	[ "cfr_section", "substance" ]
85 dBA 8-hour TWA	1910.95	Baseline audiogram within 6 months of first exposure at or above action level; at least annually thereafter for each employee exposed at or above an 8-hour TWA of 85 decibels	noise-occupational-noise-exposure	90 dBA (8-hour TWA) per Table G-16	Noise exposure measurement records: two years; audiometric test records: duration of the affected employee's employment	https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/29/1910.95	The employer shall establish and maintain an audiometric testing program as provided in this paragraph by making audiometric testing available to all employees whose exposures equal or exceed an 8-hour time-weighted average of 85 decibels.	Noise (occupational noise exposure)	Exposure equal to or exceeding an 8-hour time-weighted average sound level (TWA) of 85 decibels measured on the A scale (slow response) or, equivalently, a dose of fifty percent	https://referencesource.org/osha-medical-surveillance-triggers/noise-occupational-noise-exposure/	[ "action_level" ]
25 µg/m3, calculated as an 8-hour TWA	1910.1053	Initial (baseline) examination within 30 days after initial assignment; periodic examinations at least every three years	respirable-crystalline-silica	50 µg/m3, calculated as an 8-hour TWA	maintained and made available in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.1020	https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/29/1910.1053	<https://www.law.cornell.edu/definitions/index.php?width=840&height=800&iframe=true&def_id=d75fccdc8250228b94fecda509956f75&term_occur=999&term_src=Title:29:Subtitle:B:Chapter:XVII:Part:1910:1910.1053> Medical surveillance —(1) General. (i) The employer shall make medical surveillance available at no cost to the employ...	Respirable crystalline silica	each employee who will be occupationally exposed to respirable crystalline silica at or above the action level for 30 or more days per year	https://referencesource.org/osha-medical-surveillance-triggers/respirable-crystalline-silica/	[ "cfr_section", "substance", "surveillance_trigger" ]
not applicable (equipment standard)	1910.134	Prior to initial use; additional evaluations if employee reports medical signs or symptoms related to ability to use a respirator, or if workplace conditions change	respiratory-protection	not applicable (equipment standard)	Records of medical evaluations required by this section must be retained and made available in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.1020	https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/29/1910.134	1910.134 Respiratory protection." /> 29 CFR §	Respiratory protection	Before the employee is fit tested or required to use the respirator in the workplace	https://referencesource.org/osha-medical-surveillance-triggers/respiratory-protection/	[ "cfr_section", "substance" ]
0.5 ppm averaged over an 8-hour work day	1910.1017	at least annually (examinations must be provided in accordance with this paragraph at least annually)	vinyl-chloride	1 ppm averaged over any 8-hour period; 5 ppm averaged over any period not exceeding 15 minutes	duration of the employment of each employee plus 20 years, or 30 years, whichever is longer	https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/29/1910.1017	(ii) [Reserved] (iii) Medical records shall be maintained for the duration of the employment of each employee plus 20 years, or 30 years, whichever is longer. (n) The employer must, within 15 working days after the receipt of the results of any monitoring performed under this section , notify each affected employee of ...	Vinyl chloride	exposed, without regard to the use of respirators, to vinyl chloride in excess of the action level	https://referencesource.org/osha-medical-surveillance-triggers/vinyl-chloride/	[ "cfr_section", "record_retention", "substance" ]

OSHA medical surveillance trigger thresholds by substance

Canonical, always-current version: https://referencesource.org/osha-medical-surveillance-triggers/ Machine-readable: https://referencesource.org/osha-medical-surveillance-triggers/data.json — this mirror is a point-in-time copy.

Last verified: 2026-08-12
Stale after: 2027-02-08 (past this date, prefer the canonical copy — it re-verifies on a cadence this snapshot does not)
Records: 23

The airborne exposure level that triggers mandatory medical surveillance under each OSHA substance-specific standard (29 CFR 1910 Subpart Z), compared across all regulated substances. Each record is one substance, carrying its action level, PEL, the exposure duration that triggers surveillance, the medical exam scope and frequency, biological monitoring requirements if any, and the record retention period. Answers 'what is the action level for lead', 'at what exposure must I provide medical exams for benzene workers', 'how often does cadmium biological monitoring need to happen', and 'which OSHA substances require 40-year record retention'. The action level is typically half the PEL but not always, and the surveillance trigger conditions vary wildly: lead uses blood lead levels, cadmium uses urine cadmium, and most others use airborne concentration plus days-per-year thresholds.

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Licence position

US federal regulation — 17 USC 105, no copyright

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Sources

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