id stringlengths 16 16 | input stringlengths 25 307 | input_translation stringlengths 25 337 | choices listlengths 4 4 | choices_translation listlengths 4 4 | label int64 0 0 | metadata dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
validation-00202 | For a scientific theory to be valid, in what way should it be verified? | Affinché una teoria scientifica sia valida, in che modo dovrebbe essere verificata? | [
"Experimentally.",
"Directly.",
"Optimally.",
"Systematically."
] | [
"Sperimentalmente.",
"Direttamente.",
"Ottimamente.",
"Sistematicamente."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "For a scientific theory to be valid, it must be verified experimentally. Many parts of the string theory are currently untestable due to the large amount of energy that would be needed to carry out the necessary experiments as well as the high cost of conducting these experimen... |
validation-00203 | For plants, the amount of water, sunlight, nutrients, and space to grow are the important resources, whereas in animals, important resources include food, water, shelter, nesting space, and this? | Per le piante, la quantità di acqua, luce solare, sostanze nutritive e spazio per crescere sono le risorse importanti, mentre negli animali, le risorse importanti includono cibo, acqua, riparo, spazio per nidificare e questo? | [
"Mates.",
"Pairs.",
"Eggs.",
"Entertainment."
] | [
"Compagni.",
"Accoppiamenti.",
"Uova.",
"Divertimento."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Role of Intraspecific Competition The logistic model assumes that every individual within a population will have equal access to resources and, thus, an equal chance for survival. For plants, the amount of water, sunlight, nutrients, and space to grow are the important resource... |
validation-00204 | Which is the main organ of the respiratory system? | Qual è l'organo principale dell'apparato respiratorio? | [
"The lungs.",
"The stomach.",
"The mouth.",
"The liver."
] | [
"I polmoni.",
"Lo stomaco.",
"La bocca.",
"Il fegato."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "When you think of the processes of breathing, the lungs probably come to mind. The lungs are the main organ of the respiratory system. However, many other organs are also needed for the process of respiration to take place.",
"passage_translation": "Quando si pensa ai process... |
validation-00205 | Why is runoff from artificial fertilizer harmful to the chesapeake bay ecosystem? | Perché il deflusso di fertilizzanti artificiali è dannoso per l'ecosistema della baia di Chesapeake? | [
"Causes pollution.",
"Starts combustion.",
"Causes erosion.",
"Leaks food."
] | [
"Provoca inquinamento.",
"Innesca la combustione.",
"Provoca erosione.",
"Il cibo fuoriesce."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "The Chesapeake Bay has long been valued as one of the most scenic areas on Earth; it is now in distress and is recognized as a declining ecosystem. In the 1970s, the Chesapeake Bay was one of the first ecosystems to have identified dead zones, which continue to kill many fish a... |
validation-00206 | What system do trees need to transport nutrients? | Di che sistema hanno bisogno gli alberi per trasportare i nutrienti? | [
"Vascular.",
"Photosynthetic system.",
"Passive transport membrane.",
"Circulatory."
] | [
"Vascolare.",
"Sistema fotosintetico.",
"Membrana di trasporto passivo.",
"Circolatorio."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "The trees tower in the sky, while the mosses carpet the forest floor. Mosses, like the first plants, are restricted to life near the ground because they lack vascular system. Only with a vascular system can these trees transport sugars, nutrients, and water up and down their ta... |
validation-00208 | Like ammonia, hydrazine is both a brønsted base and which other base? | Come l'ammoniaca, l'idrazina è sia una base di Brønsted che un'altra base. | [
"Lewis base.",
"Dynamic base.",
"Unit base.",
"Floyd base."
] | [
"Base di Lewis.",
"Base dinamica.",
"Base unitaria.",
"Base di Floyd."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Like ammonia, hydrazine is both a Brønsted base and a Lewis base, although it is weaker than ammonia. It reacts with strong acids and forms two series of salts that contain the N 2 H 5 + and N 2 H 6 2+ ions, respectively. Some rockets use hydrazine as a fuel.",
"passage_trans... |
validation-00209 | What is the layman's term for a state in which external stimuli are received but not consciously perceived? | Qual è il termine comune per lo stato in cui gli stimoli esterni vengono ricevuti ma non percepiti coscientemente? | [
"Sleep.",
"Immunity.",
"Homeostasis.",
"Dreaming."
] | [
"Sonno.",
"Immunità.",
"Omeostasi.",
"Sogno."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "",
"passage_translation": ""
} |
validation-00210 | What are the tiny, negatively charged particles in an atom that move around the positive nucleus at the center? | Quali sono le minuscole particelle caricate negativamente in un atomo che si muovono intorno al nucleo positivo al centro? | [
"Electrons.",
"Protons.",
"Quarks.",
"Neutrons."
] | [
"Elettroni.",
"Protoni.",
"I quark.",
"Neutroni."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Energy levels (also called electron shells) are fixed distances from the nucleus of an atom where electrons may be found. Electrons are tiny, negatively charged particles in an atom that move around the positive nucleus at the center. Energy levels are a little like the steps o... |
validation-00211 | Enzymes, antibodies, and muscle fiber are all types of what? | Gli enzimi, gli anticorpi e le fibre muscolari sono tutti tipi di cosa? | [
"Proteins.",
"Lipids.",
"Carbohydrates.",
"Acids."
] | [
"Proteine.",
"Lipidi.",
"Carboidrati.",
"Acidi."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Many important molecules in your body are proteins. Examples include enzymes, antibodies, and muscle fiber. Enzymes are a type of protein that speed up chemical reactions. They are known as \"biological catalysts. \" For example, your stomach would not be able to break down foo... |
validation-00212 | What are formed by the loss of one or two electrons from an element? | Cosa si forma con la perdita di uno o due elettroni da un elemento? | [
"Cations.",
"Amines.",
"Ions.",
"Isotopes."
] | [
"Cationi.",
"Amini.",
"Gli ioni.",
"Isotopi."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Cations are formed by the loss of one or two electrons from an element.",
"passage_translation": "I cationi si formano con la perdita di uno o due elettroni da un elemento."
} |
validation-00213 | Betelgeuse is an example of what "colorful" stage in the life of very massive stars? | Betelgeuse è un esempio di che stadio "colorato" nella vita di stelle molto massicce? | [
"Red supergiant.",
"White supergiant.",
"Blue supergiant.",
"Blue star."
] | [
"Supergigante rossa.",
"Supergigante bianca.",
"Supergigante blu.",
"Stella blu."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "A more massive star ends its life in a more dramatic way. Very massive stars become red supergiants, like Betelgeuse.",
"passage_translation": "Una stella più massiccia termina la sua vita in modo più drammatico. Le stelle molto massicce diventano supergiganti rosse, come Bet... |
validation-00214 | What single word can be defined as the ability to cause change in matter and the ability to do work? | Quale singola parola può essere definita come la capacità di causare un cambiamento nella materia e la capacità di fare lavoro? | [
"Energy.",
"Job.",
"Gas.",
"Explosion."
] | [
"Energia.",
"Lavoro.",
"Gas.",
"Esplosione."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "The concept of energy was first introduced in the chapter \"States of Matter,\" where it is defined as the ability to cause change in matter. Energy can also be defined as the ability to do work. Work is done whenever a force is used to move matter. When work is done, energy is... |
validation-00215 | Wearing clothes that trap air next to your body on a cold day helps you retain what type of energy? | Indossare indumenti che intrappolano l'aria vicino al corpo in una giornata fredda aiuta a conservare quale tipo di energia? | [
"Thermal energy.",
"Adjacent energy.",
"Caloric energy.",
"Alumal energy."
] | [
"Energia termica.",
"Energia adiacente.",
"Energia calorica.",
"Energia alumal."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "One way to retain your own thermal energy on a cold day is to wear clothes that trap air. That’s because air, like other gases, is a poor conductor of thermal energy. The particles of gases are relatively far apart, so they don’t bump into each other or into other things as oft... |
validation-00216 | How many steps are involved in blood clotting? | Quanti passaggi sono coinvolti nella coagulazione del sangue? | [
"Three.",
"Two.",
"Five.",
"Six."
] | [
"Tre.",
"Due.",
"Cinque.",
"Sei."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Figure 18.14 Hemostasis (a) An injury to a blood vessel initiates the process of hemostasis. Blood clotting involves three steps. First, vascular spasm constricts the flow of blood. Next, a platelet plug forms to temporarily seal small openings in the vessel. Coagulation then e... |
validation-00217 | What type of pressure is the amount of force that is exerted by gases in the air surrounding any given surface? | Che tipo di pressione è la quantità di forza esercitata dai gas nell'aria che circonda una data superficie? | [
"Atmospheric.",
"Fluid.",
"Vapor.",
"Gravitational."
] | [
"Atmosferica.",
"Fluido.",
"Vapore.",
"Gravitazionale."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Pulmonary ventilation is dependent on three types of pressure: atmospheric, intra-alveolar, and interpleural. Atmospheric pressure is the amount of force that is exerted by gases in the air surrounding any given surface, such as the body. Atmospheric pressure can be expressed i... |
validation-00218 | What series of reactions is common to fermentation and cellular respiration? | Quale serie di reazioni è comune alla fermentazione e alla respirazione cellulare? | [
"Glycolysis.",
"Spermatogenesis.",
"Metabolism.",
"Photosynthesis."
] | [
"La glicolisi.",
"La spermatogenesi.",
"Metabolismo.",
"La fotosintesi."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "",
"passage_translation": ""
} |
validation-00219 | In which ways may sponges reproduce? | In che modo le spugne possono riprodursi? | [
"Sexually and asexually.",
"Sexually and vertically.",
"Internally and externally.",
"Meiosis and mitosis."
] | [
"Sessualmente e asessualmente.",
"Sessualmente e verticalmente.",
"Interna ed esternamente.",
"Per meiosi e mitosi."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "The sponge life cycle includes sexual reproduction. Sponges may also reproduce asexually.",
"passage_translation": "Il ciclo vitale delle spugne include la riproduzione sessuale. Le spugne possono anche riprodursi asessualmente."
} |
validation-00220 | What do barnacles anchor to? | A cosa si ancorano i polipi? | [
"Rocks.",
"Eggs.",
"Fossils.",
"Scales."
] | [
"Alle rocce.",
"Uova.",
"Ai fossili.",
"Alle squame."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Mo Riza. Barnacles are adapted to the intertidal zone by anchoring to rocks . CC BY 2.0.",
"passage_translation": "Mo Riza. I barnacle sono adattati alla zona intertidale ancorandosi alle rocce. CC BY 2.0."
} |
validation-00221 | Organic compounds produced by what process provide the energy and building material for ecosystems? | I composti organici prodotti da che processo forniscono l'energia e il materiale di costruzione per gli ecosistemi? | [
"Photosynthesis.",
"Cyclogenesis.",
"Nuclear fusion.",
"Glycolysis."
] | [
"Fotosintesi.",
"Ciclogenesi.",
"Fusione nucleare.",
"Glicolisi."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "",
"passage_translation": ""
} |
validation-00222 | As you increase the temperature of a liquid what happens to the solubility of a solute? | Quando si aumenta la temperatura di un liquido, cosa succede alla solubilità di un soluto? | [
"Solubility increases.",
"Turbidity increases.",
"Hydrophilic increases.",
"Viscosity increases."
] | [
"La solubilità aumenta.",
"La torbidità aumenta.",
"I composti idrofili aumentano.",
"La viscosità aumenta."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Temperature affects the solubility of a solute. However, it affects the solubility of gases differently than the solubility of solids and liquids.",
"passage_translation": "La temperatura influisce sulla solubilità di un soluto. Tuttavia, influisce sulla solubilità dei gas in... |
validation-00223 | The relative sizes of the atoms show several trends with regard to what visual method of organization? | Le dimensioni relative degli atomi mostrano diverse tendenze rispetto a quale metodo visivo di organizzazione? | [
"Periodic table.",
"Vibrations table.",
"Chemistry table.",
"Oscillations table."
] | [
"Tavola periodica.",
"Tabella delle vibrazioni.",
"Tavola periodica degli elementi.",
"Tabella delle oscillazioni."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "The relative sizes of the atoms show several trends with regard to the structure of the periodic table. Atoms become larger going down a column and smaller going across a period.",
"passage_translation": "Le dimensioni relative degli atomi mostrano diverse tendenze per quanto... |
validation-00224 | Toward the end of pregnancy, the synthesis of oxytocin receptors in what reproductive organ increases? | Verso la fine della gravidanza, la sintesi dei recettori dell'ossitocina in che organo riproduttivo aumenta? | [
"Uterus.",
"Stomach.",
"Liver.",
"Lungs."
] | [
"Utero.",
"Stomaco.",
"Fegato.",
"Polmoni."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Oxytocin When fetal development is complete, the peptide-derived hormone oxytocin (tocia- = “childbirth”) stimulates uterine contractions and dilation of the cervix. Throughout most of pregnancy, oxytocin hormone receptors are not expressed at high levels in the uterus. Toward ... |
validation-00225 | If an animal eats large pieces of food it is known as a? | Se un animale mangia grandi pezzi di cibo è conosciuto come? | [
"Bulk feeder.",
"Large consumer.",
"Many feeder.",
"Bulk producer."
] | [
"Mangiatore di grandi quantità.",
"Grande consumatore.",
"Molto alimentatore.",
"Produttore di massa."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "",
"passage_translation": ""
} |
validation-00226 | What are the two vibrating fields that electromagnetic waves consist of? | Di quali due campi vibrazionali sono costituite le onde elettromagnetiche? | [
"Electric and magnetic.",
"Flammable and magnetic.",
"Magnetic and mechanical.",
"Radioactive and magnetic."
] | [
"Elettrico e magnetico.",
"Infiammabile e magnetico.",
"Magnetico e meccanico.",
"Radioattivo e magnetico."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Electromagnetic waves are waves that consist of vibrating electric and magnetic fields. They transfer energy through matter or across space. The transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves is called electromagnetic radiation.",
"passage_translation": "Le onde elettromagnetich... |
validation-00227 | What is the process by which plants and animals increase in size? | Qual è il processo attraverso il quale le piante e gli animali aumentano di dimensioni? | [
"Growth.",
"Birth.",
"Reproduction.",
"Activity."
] | [
"La crescita.",
"La nascita.",
"Riproduzione.",
"Attività."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "",
"passage_translation": ""
} |
validation-00228 | How do endocrine hormones travel throughout the body? | In che modo gli ormoni endocrini viaggiano in tutto il corpo? | [
"In the blood.",
"In urea.",
"In mucus.",
"In the lymph."
] | [
"Nel sangue.",
"Nell'urea.",
"Nel muco.",
"Nella linfa."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Endocrine hormones travel throughout the body in the blood. However, each endocrine hormone affects only certain cells, called target cells.",
"passage_translation": "Gli ormoni endocrini viaggiano attraverso il corpo nel sangue. Tuttavia, ogni ormone endocrino influenza solo... |
validation-00229 | The post-anal tail is at the end of the organism opposite what? | La coda post-anale si trova all'estremità dell'organismo di fronte a che cosa? | [
"Head.",
"Legs.",
"Knees.",
"Fingers."
] | [
"La testa.",
"Le zampe.",
"Ginocchia.",
"Dita."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "The post-anal tail is at the end of the organism opposite the head. It extends beyond the anus.",
"passage_translation": "La coda post-anale si trova alla fine dell'organismo di fronte alla testa e si estende oltre l'ano."
} |
validation-00230 | What is the term for the moles of solute divided by the kilograms of solvent? | Qual è il termine per i moli di soluto diviso per i chilogrammi di solvente? | [
"Molality.",
"Molar solvency.",
"Molar weight.",
"Kilocalorie."
] | [
"Molalità.",
"Solvibilità molare.",
"Peso molare.",
"Kilocalorie."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "A final way to express the concentration of a solution is by its molality. The molality ( m ) of a solution is the moles of solute divided by the kilograms of solvent. A solution that contains 1.0 mol of NaCl dissolved into 1.0 kg of water is a “one-molal” solution of sodium ch... |
validation-00231 | Active transport moves substances from an area of lower concentration to an area of? | Il trasporto attivo sposta le sostanze da un'area di concentrazione inferiore a un'area di? | [
"Higher concentration.",
"Flat concentration.",
"Low concentration.",
"The same concentration."
] | [
"Concentrazione superiore.",
"Concentrazione costante.",
"Bassa concentrazione.",
"Stessa concentrazione."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Active transport requires energy because it moves substances from an area of lower to higher concentration. An example is the sodium-potassium pump. Another form of active transport is vesicle transport, which is needed for very large molecules.",
"passage_translation": "Il t... |
validation-00232 | How does the skin eliminates excess water and salts? | In che modo la pelle elimina l'acqua e i sali in eccesso? | [
"Sweat.",
"Peel.",
"Itch.",
"Burn."
] | [
"Tramite la sudorazione.",
"Con la sudorazione.",
"Prurito.",
"Bruciando."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "The skin eliminates excess water and salts in sweat.",
"passage_translation": "La pelle elimina l’acqua in eccesso e i sali nel sudore."
} |
validation-00233 | Organophosphates typically interfere with nerve signal transmission by inhibiting the enzymes that degrade what? | Gli organofosfati interferiscono tipicamente con la trasmissione dei segnali nervosi inibendo gli enzimi che degradano cosa? | [
"Transmitter molecules.",
"Prototype molecules.",
"Potassium molecules.",
"Protein molecules."
] | [
"Molecole trasmettitrici.",
"Molecole prototipo.",
"Molecole di potassio.",
"Molecole proteiche."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "",
"passage_translation": ""
} |
validation-00234 | What is the horizontal distance between two waves, measured at a common point (crest to crest or trough to trough), called? | Come si chiama la distanza orizzontale tra due onde, misurata in un punto comune (da cresta a cresta o da avvallamento ad avvallamento)? | [
"Wavelength.",
"Linear.",
"Absorption.",
"Frequency."
] | [
"Lunghezza d'onda.",
"Lineare.",
"Assorbimento.",
"Frequenza."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Seismic waves are just one type of wave. Sound and light also travel in waves. Every wave has a high point called a crest and a low point called a trough . The height of a wave from the center line to its crest is its amplitude . The horizontal distance between waves from crest... |
validation-00236 | The solubility of gases, liquids, and solids are affected by changes in what? | La solubilità di gas, liquidi e solidi è influenzata da variazioni di cosa? | [
"Temperature.",
"Elevation.",
"Friction.",
"Volume."
] | [
"Temperatura.",
"Elevazione.",
"Attrito.",
"Volume."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "The solubility of gases, liquids, and solids are affected by changes in temperature.",
"passage_translation": "La solubilità di gas, liquidi e solidi è influenzata da variazioni di temperatura."
} |
validation-00237 | Only animals have muscle tissue and what other type of tissue? | Solo gli animali hanno tessuto muscolare e che altro tipo di tessuto? | [
"Nervous.",
"Nonvascular tissue.",
"Vascular tissue.",
"Cartilage."
] | [
"Nervoso.",
"Tessuto non vascolare.",
"Tessuto vascolare.",
"Cartilagine."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "23.29 Characteristics of an Animal • There is no one universally accepted definition of an animal. The following treatment follows your text, beginning on page 876. • Animals: • Are multicellular, heterotrophic eukaryotes . • Lack the distinctive cell walls of plants & fungi • ... |
validation-00238 | What type of matter transmits light but scatters the light as it passes through? | Che tipo di materia trasmette la luce ma la disperde mentre attraversa? | [
"Translucent matter.",
"Opaque matter.",
"Refractive matter.",
"A mirror."
] | [
"Materia traslucida.",
"Materia opaca.",
"Materia rifrangente.",
"Uno specchio."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Translucent matter is matter that transmits light but scatters the light as it passes through. Light passes through translucent objects but you cannot see clearly through them because the light is scattered in all directions. The frosted glass panes at the bottom of the window ... |
validation-00239 | During an earthquake, the ground shakes as stored up energy is released from what? | Durante un terremoto, il terreno trema perché l'energia immagazzinata viene rilasciata da cosa? | [
"Rocks.",
"Fossils.",
"The soil.",
"Grass."
] | [
"Rocce.",
"Fossili.",
"Il suolo.",
"L'erba."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "During an earthquake, the ground shakes as stored up energy is released from rocks.",
"passage_translation": "Durante un terremoto, il terreno trema perché l'energia immagazzinata viene rilasciata dalle rocce."
} |
validation-00240 | Tunnel vision involves the loss of what visual fields? | La visione a tunnel comporta la perdita di quali campi visivi? | [
"Peripheral.",
"Distant.",
"Quickly-moving.",
"Underwater."
] | [
"Periferici.",
"Distanza.",
"In movimento rapido.",
"Sott'acqua."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "A unique clinical presentation that relates to this anatomic arrangement is the loss of lateral peripheral vision, known as bilateral hemianopia. This is different from “tunnel vision” because the superior and inferior peripheral fields are not lost. Visual field deficits can b... |
validation-00241 | Systemic mycoses spread to internal organs, most commonly entering the body through this? | Le micosi sistemiche si diffondono agli organi interni, entrando più comunemente nel corpo attraverso? | [
"Respiratory system.",
"Digestive system.",
"Skeletal system.",
"Infestation system."
] | [
"Il sistema respiratorio.",
"Apparato digerente.",
"Apparato scheletrico.",
"Sistema di infestazione."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Systemic mycoses spread to internal organs, most commonly entering the body through the respiratory system. For example, coccidioidomycosis (valley fever) is commonly found in the southwestern United States, where the fungus resides in the dust. Once inhaled, the spores develop... |
validation-00242 | The three features that are unique to the large intestine are the teniae coli, haustra, and what? | Le tre caratteristiche uniche dell'intestino crasso sono i teniae coli, gli haustra e cosa? | [
"Epiploic appendages.",
"Radial appendages.",
"Disc appendages.",
"Binary appendages."
] | [
"Le appendici epiteliali.",
"Le appendici radiali.",
"Le appendici a forma di disco.",
"Appendici binarie."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Anatomy Three features are unique to the large intestine: teniae coli, haustra, and epiploic appendages (Figure 23.23). The teniae coli are three bands of smooth muscle that make up the longitudinal muscle layer of the muscularis of the large intestine, except at its terminal e... |
validation-00243 | Most living things build proteins from the same 20 different what? | La maggior parte degli esseri viventi costruisce le proteine a partire dagli stessi 20 amminoacidi diversi. | [
"Amino acids.",
"Uncommon acids.",
"Atomic isolates.",
"Acid peptides."
] | [
"Aminoacidi.",
"Non comuni.",
"Differenti.",
"Peptidi acidi."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "if the salt produced is an acidic salt.",
"passage_translation": "se il sale prodotto è un sale acido”."
} |
validation-00244 | What reaction, along with photosynthesis, provides energy to the vast majority of living things? | Quale reazione, insieme alla fotosintesi, fornisce energia alla stragrande maggioranza degli esseri viventi? | [
"Cellular respiration.",
"Devices respiration.",
"Primarily respiration.",
"Internal respiration."
] | [
"La respirazione cellulare.",
"La respirazione cellulare.",
"Principalmente la respirazione.",
"Respirazione cellulare."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "The chemical reactions of photosynthesis and cellular respiration together provide energy to virtually all living things on Earth.",
"passage_translation": "Le reazioni chimiche della fotosintesi e della respirazione cellulare insieme forniscono energia a praticamente tutti g... |
validation-00245 | Some animals increase body fat in winter to stay? | Alcuni animali aumentano il grasso corporeo in inverno per resistere? | [
"Warm.",
"Thin.",
"Aware.",
"Cold."
] | [
"Calore.",
"Magri.",
"Consapevoli.",
"Freddo."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "",
"passage_translation": ""
} |
validation-00246 | Coal, oil, and natural gas are examples of what, which forms when organic matter is under pressure for millions of years? | Carbone, petrolio e gas naturale sono esempi di cosa, che si forma quando la materia organica è sottoposta a pressione per milioni di anni? | [
"Fossil fuels.",
"Complex carbohydrates.",
"Solar fuels.",
"Nuclear fission."
] | [
"Combustibili fossili.",
"Carboidrati complessi.",
"Combustibili solari.",
"Fissione nucleare."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Millions of years ago, there were so many dead plants and animals that they could not completely decompose before they were buried. They were covered over by soil or sand, tar or ice. These dead plants and animals are organic matter made out of cells full of carbon-containing o... |
validation-00247 | Protists play critically important ecological roles as producers and, on the other end of food webs, as what? | I protisti svolgono ruoli ecologici di importanza critica come produttori e, all'altro capo delle catene alimentari, come? | [
"Decomposers.",
"Dissolvers.",
"Absorbers.",
"Probiotics."
] | [
"Decompositori.",
"Dissolutori.",
"Assorbitori.",
"Probiotici."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Beneficial Protists Protists play critically important ecological roles as producers particularly in the world’s oceans. They are equally important on the other end of food webs as decomposers. Protists as Food Sources Protists are essential sources of nutrition for many other ... |
validation-00248 | Where do physical laws govern energy flow and chemical cycling? | Dove le leggi fisiche governano il flusso di energia e il ciclo chimico? | [
"Ecosystems.",
"Oceans.",
"Environments.",
"Habitats."
] | [
"Negli ecosistemi.",
"Gli oceani.",
"Gli ambienti.",
"Gli habitat."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "55.1 Physical laws govern energy flow and chemical cycling in ecosystems.",
"passage_translation": "55.1 Le leggi fisiche regolano il flusso di energia e il ciclo chimico negli ecosistemi."
} |
validation-00249 | The distribution of thermal speeds depends strongly on temperature. As temperature increases, the speeds are shifted to higher values and the distribution is what? | La distribuzione delle velocità termiche dipende fortemente dalla temperatura. Con l'aumentare della temperatura, le velocità si spostano verso valori più elevati e la distribuzione è...? | [
"Broadened.",
"Decreased.",
"Improved.",
"Removed."
] | [
"Più ampia.",
"Diminuita.",
"Migliorata.",
"Rimossa."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "The distribution of thermal speeds depends strongly on temperature. As temperature increases, the speeds are shifted to higher values and the distribution is broadened.",
"passage_translation": "La distribuzione delle velocità termiche dipende fortemente dalla temperatura. Co... |
validation-00250 | Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids are the four classes of what type of compounds? | I carboidrati, le proteine, i lipidi e gli acidi nucleici sono le quattro classi di che tipo di composti? | [
"Biochemical compounds.",
"Reversible compounds.",
"Nutrient compounds.",
"Chromosomal compounds."
] | [
"Composti biochimici.",
"Composti reversibili.",
"Composti nutrienti.",
"Composti cromosomici."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Carbohydrates are one of four classes of biochemical compounds. The other three classes are proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. In addition to cellulose, carbohydrates include sugars and starches. Carbohydrate molecules contain atoms of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Living thi... |
validation-00251 | What is the most important factor in soil formation? | Qual è il fattore più importante nella formazione del suolo? | [
"Climate.",
"Fertilizer.",
"Carbon.",
"Worms."
] | [
"Il clima.",
"Il fertilizzante.",
"Il carbonio.",
"I vermi."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Climate is the most important factor in soil formation. The climate of a region is the result of its temperature and rainfall. We can identify different climates by the plants that grow there ( Figure below ).",
"passage_translation": "Il clima è il fattore più importante nel... |
validation-00252 | What is the outer layer of cells in a root called? | Come si chiama lo strato esterno di cellule in una radice? | [
"Epidermis.",
"Igneous.",
"Skeletal.",
"Muscles."
] | [
"Epidermide.",
"Igneo.",
"Skeletal.",
"Muscoli."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "The root has an outer layer of cells called the epidermis, which surrounds areas of ground tissue and vascular tissue. The epidermis provides protection and helps in absorption. Root hairs, which are extensions of root epidermal cells, increase the surface area of the root, gre... |
validation-00253 | What type of feeders are the largest sharks and rays? | Che tipo di alimentatori sono gli squali e le razze più grandi? | [
"Suspension feeders.",
"Resting feeders.",
"Month feeders.",
"Resulting feeders."
] | [
"Alimentatori sospesi.",
"Alimentatori a riposo.",
"Gli alimentatori mensili.",
"Alimentatori risultanti."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "",
"passage_translation": ""
} |
validation-00254 | Chemical digestion couldn't take place without the help of what? | La digestione chimica non potrebbe avvenire senza l'aiuto di cosa? | [
"Digestive enzymes.",
"Melatonin.",
"Neurotransmitters.",
"Pigments."
] | [
"Gli enzimi digestivi.",
"Melatonina.",
"Neurotrasmettitori.",
"Pigmenti."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Chemical digestion could not take place without the help of digestive enzymes. An enzyme is a protein that speeds up chemical reactions in the body. Digestive enzymes speed up chemical reactions that break down large food molecules into small molecules.",
"passage_translation... |
validation-00255 | Where would you find three tiny bones called the hammer, anvil, and stirrup? | Dove troveresti tre piccole ossa chiamate martello, incudine e staffa? | [
"Middle ear.",
"Foot.",
"Neck.",
"Tail bone."
] | [
"Nell'orecchio medio.",
"Nel piede.",
"Collo.",
"Nell'osso della coda."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "The middle ear contains three tiny bones (ossicles) called the hammer, anvil, and stirrup. If you look at these bones in the Figure above , you might notice that they resemble the objects for which they are named. The three bones transmit vibrations from the eardrum to the inne... |
validation-00256 | Energy resources can be put into two categories — renewable or? | Le risorse energetiche possono essere suddivise in due categorie: rinnovabili o? | [
"Nonrenewable.",
"Reusable.",
"Precious.",
"Synthetic."
] | [
"Non rinnovabili.",
"Riutilizzabili.",
"Preziose.",
"Sintetiche."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Energy resources can be put into two categories — renewable or non-renewable. Nonrenewable resources are used faster than they can be replaced. Renewable resources can be replaced as quickly as they are used. Renewable resources may also be so abundant that running out is impos... |
validation-00257 | Even the age of earth has been estimated on the basis of what? | Anche l'età della terra è stata stimata sulla base di cosa? | [
"Radioisotopes.",
"Membranes.",
"Tree rings.",
"Gasses."
] | [
"Radioisotopi.",
"Membrane.",
"Anelli degli alberi.",
"Gas."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Radioactive isotopes, or radioisotopes, can be used to estimate the ages of not only of rocks, but also of fossils and artifacts made long ago by human beings. Even the age of Earth has been estimated on the basis of radioisotopes. The general method is called radioactive datin... |
validation-00258 | In the primary response to infection, what are secreted first from plasma cells? | Nella risposta primaria all'infezione, cosa viene secreto per primo dalle cellule plasmatiche? | [
"Antibodies.",
"Platelets.",
"Parasites.",
"Pathogens."
] | [
"Anticorpi.",
"Piastrine.",
"Parassiti.",
"Agenti patogeni."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Figure 17.18 In the primary response to infection, antibodies are secreted first from plasma cells. Upon re-exposure to the same pathogen, memory cells differentiate into antibody-secreting plasma cells that output a greater amount of antibody for a longer period of time.",
"... |
validation-00259 | A hookworm is classified as what type of organism? | Un ancilostoma è classificato come che tipo di organismo? | [
"Parasite.",
"Predator.",
"Virus.",
"Bacterium."
] | [
"Parassita.",
"Predatore.",
"Virus.",
"Batterio."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Parasites may live either inside or on the surface of their host. An example of a parasite is a hookworm. Hookworms are roundworms that affect the small intestine and lungs of a host organism. They live inside of humans and cause them pain. However, the hookworms must live insi... |
validation-00260 | A pigment within plant cells which absorbs light is called? | Come si chiama il pigmento all'interno delle cellule vegetali che assorbe la luce? | [
"Chlorophyll.",
"Green.",
"Carbonate.",
"Xylem."
] | [
"Clorofilla.",
"Verde.",
"Carbonato.",
"Xilema."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "chlorophyll - a pigment within plant cells which absorbs light.",
"passage_translation": "clorofilla - un pigmento presente nelle cellule vegetali che assorbe la luce."
} |
validation-00261 | Where does slime mold typically live? | Dove vive tipicamente il chioma? | [
"Decaying plant life and in the soil.",
"In the sea.",
"In the soil and in glaciers.",
"In the jungle."
] | [
"Su piante in decomposizione e nel terreno.",
"In mare.",
"Nel terreno e nei ghiacciai.",
"Nella giungla."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Slime molds live on decaying plant life and in the soil.",
"passage_translation": "Gli slime molds vivono su piante in decomposizione e nel terreno."
} |
validation-00262 | Genital warts is an sti caused by what? | Le verruche genitali sono una malattia a trasmissione sessuale causata da cosa? | [
"Human papilloma virus.",
"Human polyoma virus.",
"Human conoil virus.",
"Human papova virus."
] | [
"Il virus del papilloma umano.",
"Il virus del polioma umano.",
"Il virus del papilloma umano.",
"Il virus del papilloma umano."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Genital warts is an STI caused by human papilloma virus (HPV), which is pictured in Figure below . This is one of the most common STIs in U. S. teens. Genital warts can’t be cured, but a vaccine can prevent most HPV infections. The vaccine is recommended for boys and girls star... |
validation-00263 | What do ectotherms use to regulate body temperature? | Che cosa usano gli ectotermi per regolare la temperatura corporea? | [
"External energy sources.",
"Result energy sources.",
"Flexible energy source.",
"Combustion energy sources."
] | [
"Fonti di energia esterne.",
"Fonti di energia.",
"Fonte di energia flessibile.",
"Fonti di energia di combustione."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Ectotherms, sometimes called cold-blooded animals, do not use the energy of metabolism to regulate body temperature. Instead, they depend on external energy sources, such as sunlight. Fish, for example, will seek out water of different temperatures to regulate body temperature.... |
validation-00264 | What event occurred at the close of the precambrian era? | Quale evento si verificò alla fine dell'era precambriana? | [
"A mass extinction.",
"Spontaneous mutation.",
"Ecosystem succession.",
"Natural selection."
] | [
"Un'estinzione di massa.",
"Mutazione spontanea.",
"La successione degli ecosistemi.",
"La selezione naturale."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "At the close of the Precambrian 544 million years ago, a mass extinction occurred. In a mass extinction , many or even most species abruptly disappear from Earth. There have been five mass extinctions in Earth’s history. Many scientists think we are currently going through a si... |
validation-00265 | A balanced equation has an equal number of what on each side? | Un'equazione bilanciata ha un numero uguale di cosa su ciascun lato? | [
"Protons and neutrons.",
"Electrons and neutrons.",
"Valencies and electrons.",
"Protons and reactions."
] | [
"Protoni e neutroni.",
"Elettroni e neutroni.",
"Valenze ed elettroni.",
"Protoni e reazioni."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "If you count the number of protons and neutrons on each side of this equation, you’ll see that the numbers are the same on both sides of the arrow. This means that the equation is balanced. The thorium-234 produced in this reaction is unstable, so it will undergo radioactive de... |
validation-00266 | Pure substances have a constant composition and can only be changed by what? | Le sostanze pure hanno una composizione costante e possono essere modificate solo da cosa? | [
"Chemical reactions.",
"Radiation.",
"Growth.",
"Carbon reactions."
] | [
"Reazioni chimiche.",
"Radiazioni.",
"La crescita.",
"Reazioni chimiche."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Pure substances have a constant composition and can only be changed by chemical reactions. They can be classified as either elements or compounds.",
"passage_translation": "Le sostanze pure hanno una composizione costante e possono essere modificate solo da reazioni chimiche.... |
validation-00267 | Earthquakes occur most often at which natural feature? | I terremoti si verificano più spesso in quale caratteristica naturale? | [
"Plate boundaries.",
"Plate holes.",
"Pattern boundaries.",
"Artificial boundaries."
] | [
"I confini delle placche.",
"Fori delle placche.",
"I confini dei modelli.",
"I confini artificiali."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "The vast majority of earthquakes happen at plate boundaries.",
"passage_translation": "La stragrande maggioranza dei terremoti avviene ai confini delle placche."
} |
validation-00268 | How many atmospheric circulation cells are there? | Quante sono le cellule di circolazione atmosferica? | [
"Six.",
"Three.",
"Two.",
"Five."
] | [
"Sei.",
"Tre.",
"Due.",
"Cinque."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "The globe has six atmospheric circulation cells. Three are north of the Equator and three are south. These cells have names.",
"passage_translation": "Il globo ha sei celle di circolazione atmosferica. Tre sono a nord dell'Equatore e tre sono a sud. Queste celle hanno dei nom... |
validation-00269 | Proper chemical formulas for ionic compounds balance the total positive charge with what? | Le formule chimiche corrette per i composti ionici bilanciano la carica positiva totale con cosa? | [
"Total negative charge.",
"Total electric charge.",
"Total ionic charge.",
"Total atomic charge."
] | [
"La carica negativa totale.",
"La carica elettrica totale.",
"La carica ionica totale.",
"La carica atomica totale."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Proper chemical formulas for ionic compounds balance the total positive charge with the total negative charge.",
"passage_translation": "Le formule chimiche corrette per i composti ionici bilanciano la carica positiva totale con la carica negativa totale."
} |
validation-00270 | Which process helps microorganisms make food with chemicals pouring out of deep-sea vents? | Quale processo aiuta i microrganismi a produrre cibo con sostanze chimiche che fuoriescono dalle fenditure marine? | [
"Chemosynthesis.",
"Photosynthesis.",
"Biosynthesis.",
"Synaptogenesis."
] | [
"La chemosintesi.",
"Fotosintesi.",
"Biosintesi.",
"Sinaptogenesi."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "There are many more organisms around deep-sea vents. Microorganisms use chemicals that pour out of the vents to make food by chemosynthesis. These producers support large numbers of other organisms, including crustaceans and red tubeworms like those pictured in Figure below .",... |
validation-00271 | What is a combination of two or more substances in any proportion called? | Come si chiama una combinazione di due o più sostanze in qualsiasi proporzione? | [
"Mixture.",
"Combination.",
"Solution.",
"Solvent."
] | [
"Miscela.",
"Combinazione.",
"Soluzione.",
"Solvente."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Not all combined substances are compounds. Some are mixtures. A mixture is a combination of two or more substances in any proportion. The substances in a mixture may be elements or compounds. The substances don’t combine chemically to form a new substance, as they do in a compo... |
validation-00272 | Where is the youngest seafloor located? | Dove si trova il fondale marino più giovane? | [
"At the ridge.",
"At the base.",
"At the reefs.",
"At the floor."
] | [
"Sulla dorsale.",
"Alla base.",
"Sulle barriere coralline.",
"Sul pavimento."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "The youngest seafloor is at the ridge. The oldest is farthest from the ridge. The oldest seafloor is much younger than the oldest continent.",
"passage_translation": "Il fondale marino più giovane si trova sulla dorsale, quello più vecchio è più lontano dalla dorsale. Il fond... |
validation-00273 | What kind of mixture consists of two or more phases, exemplified when a combination of oil and water forms layers? | Che tipo di miscela è costituita da due o più fasi, ad esempio quando una combinazione di olio e acqua forma strati? | [
"Heterogeneous.",
"Homogeneous.",
"Simple mixture.",
"Complex miture."
] | [
"Eterogenea.",
"Omogenea.",
"Miscela semplice.",
"Miscele complesse."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "A phase is any part of a sample that has a uniform composition and properties. By definition, a pure substance or a homogeneous mixture consists of a single phase. A heterogeneous mixture consists of two or more phases. When oil and water are combined, they do not mix evenly, b... |
validation-00274 | The values of strangeness assigned to various particles are based on what? | I valori di stranezza assegnati a varie particelle si basano su cosa? | [
"Decay systematics.",
"Atomic mass.",
"Thermal energy.",
"Penetration potential."
] | [
"Sistematica dei decadimenti.",
"Massa atomica.",
"Energia termica.",
"Potenziale di penetrazione."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "lifetimes on the order of 10 s (the exception is Σ , whose short lifetime is explained by its particular quark substructure. ), implying that their decay is caused by the weak force alone, although they are hadrons and feel the strong force. The decay modes of these particles a... |
validation-00275 | Together, the muscular and skeletal organs are known as what? | Insieme, gli organi muscolari e scheletrici sono conosciuti come cosa? | [
"Musculoskeletal system.",
"Lymphatic system.",
"Cardiovascular system.",
"Nervous system."
] | [
"Apparato muscolo-scheletrico.",
"Sistema linfatico.",
"Apparato cardiovascolare.",
"Sistema nervoso."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "CHAPTER REVIEW 6.1 The Functions of the Skeletal System The major functions of the bones are body support, facilitation of movement, protection of internal organs, storage of minerals and fat, and hematopoiesis. Together, the muscular system and skeletal system are known as the... |
validation-00276 | What do factories and power plants use to remove particulates and waste gases from exhaust before releasing it? | Cosa utilizzano le fabbriche e le centrali elettriche per rimuovere le particelle e i gas di scarico prima di rilasciarli? | [
"Scrubbers.",
"Compressors.",
"Mufflers.",
"Catalytic converters."
] | [
"Lavatori.",
"Compressori.",
"Silenziatori.",
"I convertitori catalitici."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Scrubbers are used in factories and power plants. They remove particulates and waste gases from exhaust before it is released to the air. You can see how a scrubber works in Figure below .",
"passage_translation": "Gli scrubber vengono utilizzati in fabbriche e centrali elett... |
validation-00277 | Humans typically have how many pairs of chromosomes? | Gli esseri umani hanno tipicamente quante coppie di cromosomi? | [
"23 pairs.",
"14 pairs.",
"17 pairs.",
"25 pairs."
] | [
"23 coppie.",
"14 coppie.",
"17 coppie.",
"25 coppie."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "No, you only received half of your mother's chromosomes and half of your father's chromosomes. If you inherited them all, you would have twice the number of chromosomes that you're supposed to have. Humans typically have 23 pairs of chromosomes. If you received all your parents... |
validation-00278 | Correlation is different from what term that refers to the factor that is producing the effect? | La correlazione è diversa da quale termine che si riferisce al fattore che sta producendo l'effetto? | [
"Causation.",
"Manifestation.",
"Correlation.",
"Differentiation."
] | [
"Causalità.",
"Manifestazione.",
"Correlazione.",
"Differenziazione."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "But correlation does not necessarily indicate causation. Causation refers to the factor that is producing the effect. If I push a toy car, I will cause it to move. To explain the difference between correlation and causation, let’s look at an example. Sugar consumption in the Un... |
validation-00279 | What organelles do animal cells use to convert food into energy? | Quali organuli utilizzano le cellule animali per convertire il cibo in energia? | [
"Mitochondria.",
"Endoplasmic reticulum.",
"Nucleus.",
"Flagellum."
] | [
"I mitocondri.",
"Reticolo endoplasmatico.",
"Il nucleo.",
"Flagello."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "When an animal needs energy, it eats food. That's why animals use mitochondria to convert food into energy. Plants, on the other hand, don't seem to eat anything. Instead, they receive energy from water and sunlight. They use chloroplasts to convert light into energy through ph... |
validation-00280 | Where does egg production happen? | Dove avviene la produzione delle uova? | [
"Ovaries.",
"Uterus.",
"Fallopian tube.",
"Testes."
] | [
"Ovaie.",
"Utero.",
"Tube di Falloppio.",
"Nei testicoli."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Egg production takes place in the ovaries. It takes several steps to make an egg:.",
"passage_translation": "La produzione di ovuli avviene nelle ovaie. Per produrre un ovulo sono necessari diversi passaggi:"
} |
validation-00281 | What can be used to estimate the energy change of a chemical reaction? | Cosa può essere usato per stimare il cambiamento di energia di una reazione chimica? | [
"Bond energies.",
"Bond magnitudes.",
"Chemical energy.",
"Isoenergies."
] | [
"Energie di legame.",
"Grandezze di legame.",
"Energia chimica.",
"Isoenergie."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Bond energies can be used to estimate the energy change of a chemical reaction. When bonds are broken in the reactants, the energy change for this process is endothermic. When bonds are formed in the products, the energy change for this process is exothermic. We combine the pos... |
validation-00282 | Destructive interference occurs when two identical waves are superimposed exactly out of phase. A standing wave is one in which two waves superimpose to produce a wave that varies in amplitude but does not do this? | L'interferenza distruttiva si verifica quando due onde identiche si sovrappongono esattamente fuori fase. Un'onda stazionaria è quella in cui due onde si sovrappongono per produrre un'onda che varia in ampiezza ma non si propaga. | [
"Propagate.",
"Substrate.",
"Membrane.",
"Reproduce."
] | [
"Si propaga.",
"Substrato.",
"Membrana.",
"Si riproduce."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Superposition is the combination of two waves at the same location. Constructive interference occurs when two identical waves are superimposed in phase. Destructive interference occurs when two identical waves are superimposed exactly out of phase. A standing wave is one in whi... |
validation-00283 | What is the layer outside the cell wall in a prokaryote? | Qual è lo strato esterno alla parete cellulare in un procariote? | [
"Capsule.",
"Rim.",
"Pod.",
"Membrane."
] | [
"Capsule.",
"Rim.",
"Pod.",
"Membrane."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Many prokaryotes have another layer, called a capsule, outside the cell wall. The capsule protects the cell from chemicals and drying out. It also allows the cell to stick to surfaces and to other cells.",
"passage_translation": "Molti procarioti hanno un altro strato, chiama... |
validation-00284 | What delivers natural gas from rock that might not otherwise be obtainable? | Cosa consente di estrarre gas naturale dalla roccia che altrimenti non sarebbe accessibile? | [
"Fracking.",
"Rippling.",
"Drilling.",
"Grinding."
] | [
"La fratturazione idraulica.",
"Rippling.",
"La trivellazione.",
"La frantumazione."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Fracking delivers natural gas from rock that might not otherwise be obtainable.",
"passage_translation": "Il fracking estrae gas naturale dalle rocce che altrimenti non sarebbe possibile ottenere”."
} |
validation-00285 | Name the white blood cells that can squeeze through capillary walls and swallow particles. | Come si chiamano i globuli bianchi che possono passare attraverso le pareti dei capillari e inghiottire le particelle? | [
"Neutrophils.",
"Platelets.",
"Lymphocytes.",
"Hemoglobin."
] | [
"Neutrofili.",
"Piastrine.",
"Linfociti.",
"Emoglobina."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Neutrophils are WBCs that can squeeze through capillary walls and swallow particles such as bacteria and parasites.",
"passage_translation": "I neutrofili sono globuli bianchi che possono penetrare attraverso le pareti dei capillari e inghiottire particelle come batteri e par... |
validation-00286 | Permanent dipole-dipole interactions are found in what kind of molecules? | Le interazioni dipolo-dipolo permanenti si trovano in che tipo di molecole? | [
"Polar.",
"Directional.",
"Dual.",
"Geologic."
] | [
"Polari.",
"Direzionali.",
"Duali.",
"Geologiche."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Polar molecules have permanent dipole-dipole interactions.",
"passage_translation": "Le molecole polari hanno interazioni dipolo-dipolo permanenti."
} |
validation-00287 | The energy released during an earthquake is called what? | L'energia rilasciata durante un terremoto è chiamata che cosa? | [
"Magnitude.",
"Radiation.",
"Hydro.",
"Tidal."
] | [
"Magnitudo.",
"Radiazione.",
"Idroelettrica.",
"Marea."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "The ways seismologists measure an earthquake have changed over the decades. Initially, they could only measure what people felt and saw, the intensity. Now they can measure the energy released during the quake, the magnitude.",
"passage_translation": "Il modo in cui i sismolo... |
validation-00288 | Many replication forks develop along a what? | Molte forcelle di replicazione si sviluppano lungo un cosa? | [
"Chromosome.",
"Nucleus.",
"Genome.",
"Allele."
] | [
"Cromosoma.",
"Nucleo.",
"Genoma.",
"Allele."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Many replication forks develop along a chromosome. This process continues until the replication forks meet, and the all of the DNA in a chromosome has been copied. Each new strand that has formed is complementary to the strand used as the template. Each resulting DNA molecule i... |
validation-00289 | What is the term for the strength of an acid or base? | Con che termine si indica la forza di un acido o di una base? | [
"Acidity.",
"Carbon.",
"Ph.",
"Texture."
] | [
"Acidità.",
"Carbonio.",
"Ph.",
"Texture."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "The strength of an acid or base is called acidity. It depends on how much of the substance breaks down into ions when it dissolves in water.",
"passage_translation": "La forza di un acido o di una base è chiamata acidità e dipende dalla quantità di sostanza che si scompone in... |
validation-00291 | An oil drop is stationary when what downward force exactly equals the upward electrical force on the drop? | Una goccia d'olio è ferma quando la forza verso il basso esattamente uguale alla forza elettrica verso l'alto sulla goccia è pari a? | [
"Gravitational.",
"Magnetic.",
"Newtonian.",
"Radiation."
] | [
"Gravitazionale.",
"Magnetica.",
"Newtoniana.",
"Radiazione."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "The charge on the plates is adjustable. By measuring the terminal velocity of the oil drops with the electric field off, Millikan could determine the mass of the drops. Millikan and his graduate assistant were able to determine the force of the field on the drops when it was tu... |
validation-00292 | The secretion of what may influence the body’s circadian rhythms? | La secrezione di cosa può influenzare i ritmi circadiani dell'organismo? | [
"Melatonin.",
"Human growth hormone.",
"Testosterone.",
"Serotonin."
] | [
"La melatonina.",
"L'ormone della crescita umano.",
"Il testosterone.",
"La serotonina."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "The secretion of melatonin may influence the body’s circadian rhythms, the dark-light fluctuations that affect not only sleepiness and wakefulness, but also appetite and body temperature. Interestingly, children have higher melatonin levels than adults, which may prevent the re... |
validation-00293 | Photosynthesis takes the energy of sunlight and combines water and carbon dioxide to produce sugar and oxygen as this? | La fotosintesi prende l'energia della luce solare e combina acqua e anidride carbonica per produrre zucchero e ossigeno? | [
"Waste product.",
"Secondary product.",
"Reactive product.",
"Primary product."
] | [
"Prodotto di scarto.",
"Prodotto secondario.",
"Prodotto reattivo.",
"Prodotto primario."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "The free electron travels through the electron transport chain, and the energy of the electron is used to pump hydrogen ions into the thylakoid space, transferring the energy into the electrochemical gradient. The energy of the electrochemical gradient is used to power ATP synt... |
validation-00294 | Purkinje fibers have a fast inherent what? | Le fibre di Purkinje hanno un'innata conduttività veloce? | [
"Conduction rate.",
"Replication rate.",
"Electromagnetic rate.",
"Induction rate."
] | [
"Velocità di conduzione.",
"Tasso di replicazione.",
"Velocità elettromagnetica.",
"Tasso di induzione."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Atrioventricular Bundle (Bundle of His), Bundle Branches, and Purkinje Fibers Arising from the AV node, the atrioventricular bundle, or bundle of His, proceeds through the interventricular septum before dividing into two atrioventricular bundle branches, commonly called the lef... |
validation-00295 | What process affecting genes or chromosomes causes genetic disorders? | Quale processo che influenza geni o cromosomi causa disturbi genetici? | [
"Mutation.",
"Radiation.",
"Infection.",
"Graduation."
] | [
"Mutazione.",
"Radiazioni.",
"Infezione.",
"La laurea."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Many genetic disorders are caused by mutations in one or a few genes. Others are caused by chromosomal mutations. Some human genetic disorders are X-linked or Y-linked, which means the faulty gene is carried on these sex chromosomes. Other genetic disorders are carried on one o... |
validation-00296 | What type of engine burns fuel to heat water and produce steam? | Che tipo di motore brucia combustibile per riscaldare l'acqua e produrre vapore? | [
"Combustion.",
"Convection.",
"Condensation.",
"Conduction."
] | [
"Combustione.",
"Convezione.",
"Condensazione.",
"Conduzione."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "An external combustion engine burns fuel to heat water and produce steam. The steam is under pressure and is used to push a piston back and forth inside a cylinder. As the piston moves back and forth, it moves a piston rod, which can do work.",
"passage_translation": "Un moto... |
validation-00297 | Oncogenesis is one name for the process where normal cells turn into what? | L'oncogenesi è un nome per il processo in cui le cellule normali si trasformano in cosa? | [
"Cancer cells.",
"Lung cells.",
"Brain cells.",
"Blood cells."
] | [
"Cellule tumorali.",
"Cellule polmonari.",
"Cellule cerebrali.",
"Cellule del sangue."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Carcinogenesis is the process by which normal cells are transformed into cancer cells. The process is also known as oncogenesis or tumorigenesis and it depends on both the activation of oncogenes and deactivation of tumor suppressor genes . Proto-oncogenes, the non-cancerous no... |
validation-00298 | Characteristics of an organism are passed from one generation to the next through what? | Attraverso cosa le caratteristiche di un organismo vengono trasmesse da una generazione alla successiva? | [
"Genes.",
"Ribosomes.",
"Sperm.",
"Eggs."
] | [
"I geni.",
"I ribosomi.",
"Gli spermatozoi.",
"Uova."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Characteristics of organisms are passed from one generation to the next through their genes.",
"passage_translation": "Le caratteristiche degli organismi vengono trasmesse da una generazione alla successiva attraverso i geni."
} |
validation-00299 | Reactants are substances that start what? | Le sostanze reagenti danno inizio a cosa? | [
"Chemical reaction.",
"Growth reaction.",
"Dying reaction.",
"Consumption reaction."
] | [
"A una reazione chimica.",
"La reazione di crescita.",
"La reazione di morte.",
"La reazione di consumo."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Reactants are substances that start a chemical reaction.",
"passage_translation": "I reagenti sono le sostanze che innescano una reazione chimica."
} |
validation-00300 | What are cyclic compounds which have an element other than carbon atoms in the ring? | Quali sono i composti ciclici che hanno un elemento diverso dagli atomi di carbonio nell'anello? | [
"Heterocyclic compounds.",
"Axial compounds.",
"Homocyclic compounds.",
"Polymeric compounds."
] | [
"Composti eterociclici.",
"Composti assiali.",
"Composti omociclici.",
"Composti polimerici."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Note So far we have studied only aromatic compounds with carbon-containing rings. However, many cyclic compounds have an element other than carbon atoms in the ring. These compounds, called heterocyclic compounds, are discussed inChapter 15 \"Organic Acids and Bases and Some of... |
validation-00301 | Surviving megaspores develop into what? | Le megaspore sopravvissute si trasformano in cosa? | [
"Multicellular female gametophytes.",
"Multicellular male gametophytes.",
"Null gametophytes.",
"Singular celled female gametophytes."
] | [
"Gametofiti femminili multicellulari.",
"Gametofiti maschili multicellulari.",
"Nessun gametofita.",
"Gametofiti femminili unicellulari."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "",
"passage_translation": ""
} |
validation-00302 | Stoichiometry is concerned with the reactants and the products in chemical what? | La stechiometria riguarda i reagenti e i prodotti nelle reazioni chimiche. | [
"Reactions.",
"Photosynthesis.",
"Bonds.",
"Solvents."
] | [
"Reazioni.",
"Fotosintesi.",
"Legami.",
"Solventi."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "numerical relationships between the reactants and the products in balanced chemical reactions is called stoichiometry.",
"passage_translation": "le relazioni numeriche tra i reagenti e i prodotti nelle reazioni chimiche bilanciate sono chiamate stechiometria."
} |
validation-00303 | What do you call the angle at which waves strike a wall? | Come si chiama l'angolo con cui le onde colpiscono un muro? | [
"Angle of incidence.",
"Rotation of incidence.",
"Angle of impact.",
"Incidence impact."
] | [
"Angolo di incidenza.",
"Rotazione di incidenza.",
"Angolo di impatto.",
"Incidenza."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Waves strike a wall at an angle, called the angle of incidence. The waves are reflected at the same angle, called the angle of reflection, but in a different direction. Both angles are measured relative to a line that is perpendicular to the wall.",
"passage_translation": "Le... |
validation-00304 | Nitrogen & sulfur oxide combine with rain to form what? | Gli ossidi di azoto e zolfo si combinano con la pioggia per formare cosa? | [
"Acid rain.",
"Toxic rain.",
"Steam rain.",
"Coarse rain."
] | [
"Pioggia acida.",
"Pioggia tossica.",
"Pioggia di vapore.",
"Pioggia forte."
] | 0 | {
"category": "question",
"passage": "Nitrogen and sulfur oxides combine with rain to form acid rain.",
"passage_translation": "Gli ossidi di azoto e di zolfo si combinano con la pioggia formando pioggia acida."
} |
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