Datasets:
deokhk
/
en_wiki_sentences_1000000

Dataset card Data Studio Files
xet
 Community
sentence
stringlengths
8
13.9k
On 6 April 1944 he was sentenced to death by judge Roland Freisler at the Volksgerichtshof for "undermining military morale" and "denigrating the Führer" ("Wehrkraftzersetzung" and "Verunglimpfung des Führers").
Joseph Goebbels himself selected Freisler to preside over the trial and pressed for swift and harsh retribution.
Knauf was beheaded on 2 May 1944, with the Fallbeil at Brandenburg-Görden Prison in Brandenburg an der Havel.
His widow, Erna Knauf, was given a bill of for the cost of the proceedings against her husband, including his execution.
Ohser, who was arrested with Knauf, committed suicide the night before their trial, and in an apparent attempt to mitigate the charges against Knauf, left behind a suicide note in which he assumed all responsibility for their actions.
Kästner wrote an essay about the bill received by Knauf's widow.
There is a commemorative plaque for Knauf and Ohser at Am Feldberg 3 in Kaulsdorf, where Knauf and Ohser were living at the time they were denounced.
The plaque was installed in 1999.
There are streets named for Knauf in Brandenburg an der Havel, Plauen and Zwickau.
In 1998, Wolfgang Eckert published a biography of Erich Knauf, written from his 1985 interviews with Knauf's widow.
In 1987, she bequeathed all of Knauf's papers and all rights to his works to Eckert.
Fallen may refer to:
In English grammar, a flat adverb, bare adverb, or simple adverb is an adverb that has the same form as the corresponding adjective, so it usually does not end in "-ly", e.g. "drive "slow"", "drive "fast"", "dress "smart"", etc.
The term includes words that naturally end in -ly in both forms, e.g. "drive "friendly"".
Flat adverbs were once quite common but have been largely replaced by their "-ly" counterparts.
In the 18th century, grammarians believed flat adverbs to be adjectives, and insisted that adverbs needed to end in "-ly".
According to the Merriam-Webster Dictionary, "It's these grammarians we have to thank for ... the sad lack of flat adverbs today".
There are now only a few flat adverbs, and some are widely thought of as incorrect.
Despite bare adverbs being grammatically correct and widely used by respected authors, they are often stigmatized.
There have even been public campaigns against street signs with the traditional text "go slow" and the innovative text "drive friendly."
Bare adverbs that alternate with -ly forms.
For most bare adverbs, an alternative form exists ending in "-ly" ("slowly").
Sometimes the "-ly" form has a different meaning ("hardly", "nearly", "cleanly", "rightly", "closely", "lowly", "shortly"), and sometimes the -ly form is not used for certain meanings ("sit tight", "sleep tight").
The adverb "seldom" is a curious example.
It dates back to Anglo-Saxon times, but starting in the 1960s the same word began appearing in English books as "seldomly".
It has been hypothesized that the decline in usage of "seldom" in English, combined with the 18th century insistence on adverbs ending in "-ly", resulted in its occasionally used "-ly" form.
Similarly, usage of the word "thus" has fallen since 1800 – while usage of an "-ly" form, "thusly", has spiked recently.
Numerical adjectives ("first," "second", "last") rarely are used in an "-ly" form despite having a valid alternative.
While words like "firstly" and "lastly" exist, their flat form is much more commonly used.
Here, in contrast to other flat adverbs such as "good" ("they cook "good""), the flat form is universally accepted in English as proper speech.
Bare adverbs that do not alternate.
Some bare adverbs don't alternate; e.g. "fast", "straight", "tough", "far", "low."
In addition, the ending "-ly" is also found on some words that are both adverbs and adjectives (e.g. "friendly") and some words that are only adjectives (e.g. "lonely").
Nearly all irregular comparative adjectives in English can take on adverbial form and never use the "-ly".
Some examples are "good, bad, little, much," and "far" – and their comparative forms (e.g. "better" and "best").
"My best number was the one I'd practiced least."
"Which one hurt more?"
"Steel and coal companies were the ones worst affected by tariffs".
Analyses of bare adverbs.
Flat adverbs work as intensifiers that modify specific words.
Consider sentences containing "real" and "really" (* signifies ungrammaticality): "I really like the pie.""I real like the pie.*"Here, "real" becomes "really" to become an adverb to the verb "like", while "real" cannot do the same and remain flat.
According to data from the Corpus of Contemporary American English, "real" was followed by a verb only 657 times.
For comparison, "real" was followed by an adjective 12,813 times, with "good" being the most common adjective collocated (1,584 times).
In this case, "real" can only modify adjectives."This pie tastes really good."
"This pie tastes real good. (informal)" "This pie really tastes good. (meaning is changed)" "This pie real tastes good.*"Alternatively, the flat adverb "sure" can only modify verbs.
Citing data from the Corpus of Contemporary American English, "sure" was followed by a verb 7,396 times, but it was rarely followed by an adjective at only 470 times.
Compare:"We sure had a great time."
"We surely had a great time."
"We had a sure great time.*" "We had a surely great time. (meaning is changed)" This can possibly be explained by the differing uses of the suffix "-ly," and another adverbial suffix, "-e".
According to the Oxford English Dictionary, there are two different uses of the suffix "-ly": when the suffix transforms a word into an adjective (e.g. "brotherly"), and when it forms an adverb.
The suffix's origins are in Old English, coming from -"lice", which is related to the German -"lich".
Due to its use in history, many verbs and adverbs have been formed from roots that are harder to recognize today (compare: "verily" as "very"+"ly," "only" as "one"+"ly, especially" as "especial"+"ly").
Before "-ly", "-e" was the most common adverbial suffix in Old English.
The suffixes were not competing and could even be used interchangeably ("rhyte – rhytlice" are both "'rightly'").
Examinations of texts from the time period show that the -"e" form was more common in poetry, while the "-lice" form was more common in prose.
As English developed as a language, it began weakening its vowels, and as such the -"e" suffix gradually disappeared, making the adverbs bare.
Some words retained adverbial use without the -"e", such as "long, fast", or "hard".
The adverbs had dwindled in number but did not die out entirely.
At this point in Old English, the adverbial system was still not as developed as it would become in later stages.
Sentential adverbs were beginning to be developed and adverbs became used in more specific ways, and the vowel weakening -"e" in tandem with more easily expressed -"ly" forms caused -"ly" to become the dominant adverbial form.
Although there were no categorical changes between flat adverbs and the new adverbs, their use was generally limited.
More and more adverbs took on this form for greater homogeneity among the class.
John Earle wrote that a flat adverb was "simply a substantive or an adjective placed in the adverbial position."
However, he found that flat adverbs are not suitable for many of the advanced uses that a modern adverb might be.
An example of a more advanced adverb would be the sentential "naturally", as in "naturally, we got along".
Acceptability over time.
The term 'flat adverb' was coined in 1871 by John Earle, and even in that time they were viewed as "rustic and poetic" because they were "archaic".
Flat adverbs were relatively common in English through the 18th century, although more so in the United States.
Earle writes that the flat adverb was "all but universal with the illiterate".
One recorded example of their use is in letters by author Jane Austen.
She used "near", "exceeding", and "terrible" as flat adverbs in one letter – and usage such as this was common in spoken discourse.
Although grammarians stigmatized them, flat adverbs are found to be accepted by English speakers and their usage has grown over the past century.
A survey carried out in the 1960s studied people's attitudes towards usage problems in English.
The examples "you'd better go slow" (rather than "slowly") and "he did it quicker than he'd ever done it before" (rather than "more quickly") contained flat adverbs – and the latter was found to be acceptable by just 42% of respondents.
However, in a follow-up in the 2010s by the Leiden University Centre for Linguistics, using the same examples from the 1960s survey and others containing flat adverbs, they found that acceptance of flat adverbs has become much more widespread in recent years.
"Quicker" was found to have an acceptance rate of 75%, while "you'd better go slow" was universally accepted.
Consulium Place is an office complex in Scarborough City Centre in Toronto.
All the buildings were designed by Bregman + Hamann Architects.
News reported that over 800 migratory birds collided into this building between 2008 and 2009, a phenomenon known as bird-skyscraper collisions.
Dihan Avishka Gunawardene (born 26 May 1977), is a former Sri Lankan cricketer, who played Tests and ODne Day Internationals.
He served as the Sri Lanka A team coach for many years, and was later appointed batting coach of the national team in 2017.
At present, he is the head coach of the Sri Lanka Under-19 cricket team.
International career.
He is an explosive left-handed opening batsman who first came into the public eye during the 1998 Commonwealth Games, when he scored a half century and achieved the highest score in the South African defeat.
His only ODI century was 132 against West Indies at Nairobi during the ICC KnockOut Trophy in 2000.
In that match, he revived the Sri Lankan innings from a precarious 10/2 to 287/6 and handed the Lankans 108 runs victory.
He did not succeed in the longer version of the game.
He made his Test debut against Pakistan during the Asian Championship in 1999 with 43 which remains his highest individual score in his 6 Tests.
Despite a few centuries, avoidable dismissals stopped Gunawardene from regularly appearing for the team.
Gunawardene's opportunity arose in the Asia Cup in 2004 when Marvan Atapattu was rested for a game.
Gunawardene has been involved in Twenty20 cricket since 2004.
He made his Twenty20 debut on 17 August 2004, for Sinhalese Sports Club in the 2004 SLC Twenty20 Tournament.
A ban on him and four other Sri Lankans (imposed for joining the Indian Cricket League) was lifted in September 2008, meaning Gunawardene was free to play domestic cricket in Sri Lanka.
Controversies.
In May 2019, Gunawardene was charged by the ICC with involvement in match fixing during the 2019 T10 League, but he was cleared of all charges in May 2021, allowing him to resume participation in cricket related activities.
Coaching career.
Soon after his retirement Gunawardene served as the head coach of Sinhalese Sports Club for 9 consecutive seasons and was the coach of the winning SLPL 2012 team Uva Next.
He has also functioned as the director of Cricket at Royal College Colombo.
In August 2021, he was appointed as the batting coach of Afghanistan national cricket team.
In September 2021, Sri Lanka Cricket announced the appointment of Avishka Gunawardene as the head coach of the Sri Lanka Under-19 team.