record_id
large_string
intelligence_source
large_string
intelligence_source_url
large_string
country
large_string
device_type
large_string
attack_type
large_string
threat_actor
large_string
vulnerability_type
large_string
devices_affected
int64
patients_affected
int64
data_exfiltrated
int64
data_modified
int64
dos_battery_drained
int64
false_reading_injected
int64
alert_suppressed
int64
device_disabled
int64
patient_harm_risk
int64
ble_unencrypted
int64
weak_pin
int64
no_firmware_updates
int64
no_cloud_encryption
int64
default_creds
int64
no_code_signing
int64
device_lost_stolen
int64
detected
int64
reported_to_vendor
int64
device_replaced
int64
label
int64
is_synthetic
int64
device_security_score
int64
attack_severity_score
int64
vulnerability_exposure
int64
is_implantable
int64
is_cgm
int64
high_devices_affected
int64
device_lost_risk
int64
WEAR001501
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
Kenya
pulse_oximeter
ble_eavesdropping
criminal_syndicate
no_code_signing
10
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
8
7
4
0
0
0
1
WEAR002586
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
Morocco
blood_pressure_wearable
default_pin_bruteforce
health_data_broker
unencrypted_cloud_sync
18
862
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
6
4
7
0
0
0
0
WEAR002653
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Ethiopia
pulse_oximeter
physical_tamper
stalking_ex_partner
weak_pairing_pin
143
25
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
8
9
4
0
0
1
1
WEAR001055
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
Egypt
fitness_tracker_budget
default_pin_bruteforce
device_reseller
no_certificate_pinning
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
6
0
7
0
0
0
0
WEAR000705
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
Nigeria
sleep_tracker
ble_eavesdropping
opportunistic_hacker
debug_interface_exposed
1
221
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
3
0
9
0
0
0
0
WEAR000106
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Kenya
pacemaker
physical_tamper
unknown
no_ble_encryption
76
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
5
7
8
1
0
1
1
WEAR000589
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
Ethiopia
icd_defibrillator
data_spoofing
insurance_fraudster
unencrypted_cloud_sync
131
59
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
5
11
7
1
0
1
1
WEAR002468
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
Nigeria
fitness_tracker_budget
ble_eavesdropping
state_sponsored_apt
no_ble_encryption
14
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
4
0
8
0
0
0
0
WEAR002413
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Nigeria
fitness_tracker_budget
supply_chain_malware
criminal_syndicate
unencrypted_cloud_sync
184
4
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
8
3
4
0
0
1
0
WEAR001600
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Uganda
smartwatch_budget
app_mitm
unknown
default_admin_password
5
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
5
4
8
0
0
0
0
WEAR002464
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Angola
fertility_tracker
firmware_backdoor
stalking_ex_partner
no_firmware_updates
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
10
14
2
0
0
0
1
WEAR000228
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Kenya
cgm_continuous_glucose
app_mitm
unknown
no_code_signing
23
28
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
2
7
11
0
1
0
1
WEAR000915
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Nigeria
blood_pressure_wearable
dos_battery_drain
device_reseller
debug_interface_exposed
124
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
3
4
10
0
0
1
0
WEAR000794
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
South Africa
icd_defibrillator
impersonation_pairing
state_sponsored_apt
no_code_signing
1
117
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
8
7
4
1
0
0
0
WEAR003021
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Tanzania
ecg_monitor_wearable
firmware_backdoor
unknown
no_ble_encryption
4
37
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
4
4
9
0
0
0
0
WEAR003543
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Tanzania
fertility_tracker
replay_attack
insurance_fraudster
no_ble_encryption
31
127
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
3
0
10
0
0
0
1
WEAR001073
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
Nigeria
ecg_monitor_wearable
default_pin_bruteforce
criminal_syndicate
no_firmware_updates
2
33
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
7
0
5
0
0
0
0
WEAR003351
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
Ethiopia
pulse_oximeter
default_pin_bruteforce
stalking_ex_partner
debug_interface_exposed
6
173
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
6
3
6
0
0
0
1
WEAR001744
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
Rwanda
fitness_tracker_budget
app_mitm
insurance_fraudster
weak_crypto_implementation
594
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
3
3
9
0
0
1
1
WEAR001084
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
DRC
fitness_tracker_budget
supply_chain_malware
ransomware_affiliate
no_ble_encryption
77
7
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
10
4
2
0
0
1
0
WEAR000926
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Angola
fitness_tracker_budget
ble_eavesdropping
health_data_broker
hardcoded_credentials
1
4
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
3
7
9
0
0
0
0
WEAR003049
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Cameroon
cgm_continuous_glucose
ble_eavesdropping
opportunistic_hacker
no_ble_encryption
966
9
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
7
16
6
0
1
1
1
WEAR001117
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
Tanzania
insulin_pump
impersonation_pairing
researcher_ethical
no_firmware_updates
1
113
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
6
7
7
1
0
0
1
WEAR000642
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Ethiopia
ecg_monitor_wearable
dos_battery_drain
opportunistic_hacker
unencrypted_cloud_sync
1
7
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
11
12
1
0
0
0
0
WEAR004767
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
South Africa
pulse_oximeter
over_the_air_exploit
insurance_fraudster
insecure_ota
8
160
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
2
4
11
0
0
0
0
WEAR000501
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
Ghana
smartwatch_budget
ble_eavesdropping
ransomware_affiliate
no_certificate_pinning
45
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
3
3
10
0
0
0
0
WEAR004066
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Egypt
pulse_oximeter
app_mitm
criminal_syndicate
no_ble_encryption
542
553
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
5
11
8
0
0
1
0
WEAR000333
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Egypt
blood_pressure_wearable
cloud_api_exploit
opportunistic_hacker
hardcoded_credentials
34
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
3
9
10
0
0
0
0
WEAR004684
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Angola
insulin_pump
impersonation_pairing
insurance_fraudster
insecure_ota
6
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
8
7
5
1
0
0
0
WEAR000486
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Botswana
fitness_tracker_budget
ble_eavesdropping
health_data_broker
no_firmware_updates
4
15
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
5
8
8
0
0
0
0
WEAR001962
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
Zambia
hearing_aid_bluetooth
replay_attack
unknown
debug_interface_exposed
2
27
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
10
16
3
0
0
0
1
WEAR000393
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
Egypt
fitness_tracker_budget
ble_eavesdropping
health_data_broker
unencrypted_cloud_sync
1
30
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
8
11
4
0
0
0
1
WEAR004842
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
Nigeria
cgm_continuous_glucose
default_pin_bruteforce
opportunistic_hacker
debug_interface_exposed
118
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
6
12
7
0
1
1
1
WEAR004866
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Nigeria
fitness_tracker_budget
supply_chain_malware
opportunistic_hacker
no_ble_encryption
823
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
10
9
2
0
0
1
1
WEAR001755
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Ghana
cgm_continuous_glucose
ble_eavesdropping
opportunistic_hacker
no_certificate_pinning
32
150
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
5
7
8
0
1
0
0
WEAR002515
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
Tanzania
insulin_pump
physical_tamper
health_data_broker
no_ble_encryption
26
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
2
7
11
1
0
0
1
WEAR003585
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
Rwanda
pacemaker
cloud_api_exploit
insurance_fraudster
no_ble_encryption
237
46
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
4
7
9
1
0
1
0
WEAR004315
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
DRC
blood_pressure_wearable
companion_app_phishing
opportunistic_hacker
unencrypted_cloud_sync
1
49
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
7
10
5
0
0
0
0
WEAR004966
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
South Africa
cgm_continuous_glucose
supply_chain_malware
unknown
jtag_enabled
733
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
8
4
5
0
1
1
1
WEAR002099
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Nigeria
ecg_monitor_wearable
companion_app_phishing
opportunistic_hacker
weak_pairing_pin
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
4
13
0
0
0
1
WEAR003599
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Zambia
smartwatch_budget
app_mitm
unknown
weak_pairing_pin
40
48
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
9
14
3
0
0
0
0
WEAR004121
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Tanzania
pulse_oximeter
replay_attack
health_data_broker
no_firmware_updates
1
119
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
3
7
10
0
0
0
1
WEAR000029
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Kenya
cgm_continuous_glucose
companion_app_phishing
insurance_fraudster
unencrypted_cloud_sync
1
43
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
5
7
7
0
1
0
0
WEAR000065
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
Uganda
fitness_tracker_budget
companion_app_phishing
insurance_fraudster
insecure_ota
1
180
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
5
5
8
0
0
0
1
WEAR000838
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
Uganda
pacemaker
ble_eavesdropping
health_data_broker
no_ble_encryption
85
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
6
13
1
0
1
0
WEAR003906
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
Tanzania
insulin_pump
impersonation_pairing
criminal_syndicate
no_ble_encryption
1
34
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
4
3
9
1
0
0
0
WEAR003773
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Ghana
fitness_tracker_budget
supply_chain_malware
opportunistic_hacker
no_firmware_updates
7
969
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
5
7
7
0
0
0
0
WEAR004635
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
Zimbabwe
insulin_pump_cgm_combo
cloud_api_exploit
health_data_broker
weak_pairing_pin
46
8
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
4
3
9
1
1
0
1
WEAR003161
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
Malawi
blood_pressure_wearable
companion_app_phishing
state_sponsored_apt
weak_pairing_pin
4
189
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
10
11
2
0
0
0
1
WEAR002659
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Egypt
insulin_pump_cgm_combo
dos_battery_drain
unknown
weak_pairing_pin
331
329
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
4
16
9
1
1
1
0
WEAR004615
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Ghana
ecg_monitor_wearable
app_mitm
opportunistic_hacker
no_code_signing
8
9
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
6
8
6
0
0
0
0
WEAR004628
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Ghana
hearing_aid_bluetooth
cloud_api_exploit
health_data_broker
weak_pairing_pin
103
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
2
14
11
0
0
1
0
WEAR002451
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Ethiopia
cgm_continuous_glucose
data_spoofing
opportunistic_hacker
weak_crypto_implementation
10
480
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
11
16
1
0
1
0
0
WEAR002846
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Uganda
pulse_oximeter
impersonation_pairing
opportunistic_hacker
no_code_signing
2
52
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
4
11
9
0
0
0
0
WEAR001144
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
Senegal
fitness_tracker_budget
data_spoofing
researcher_ethical
hardcoded_credentials
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
7
12
0
0
0
0
WEAR003078
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Cameroon
cgm_continuous_glucose
default_pin_bruteforce
insurance_fraudster
weak_crypto_implementation
12
9
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
9
7
3
0
1
0
1
WEAR001103
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Egypt
ecg_monitor_wearable
cloud_api_exploit
unknown
weak_crypto_implementation
160
7
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
5
19
7
0
0
1
1
WEAR000168
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Ghana
smartwatch_budget
impersonation_pairing
unknown
insecure_ota
28
5
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
9
11
3
0
0
0
0
WEAR001670
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
Nigeria
pulse_oximeter
supply_chain_malware
stalking_ex_partner
no_code_signing
55
102
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
4
7
9
0
0
1
0
WEAR002570
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Tanzania
smartwatch_budget
over_the_air_exploit
opportunistic_hacker
no_code_signing
473
37
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
5
11
8
0
0
1
0
WEAR002377
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
DRC
insulin_pump
firmware_backdoor
ransomware_affiliate
no_certificate_pinning
1
4
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
5
11
7
1
0
0
0
WEAR004395
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
Egypt
smartwatch_budget
supply_chain_malware
device_reseller
no_ble_encryption
12
152
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
6
6
7
0
0
0
0
WEAR004257
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
Zimbabwe
smartwatch_budget
replay_attack
health_data_broker
unencrypted_cloud_sync
474
9
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
3
15
9
0
0
1
0
WEAR003862
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Nigeria
cgm_continuous_glucose
companion_app_phishing
stalking_ex_partner
weak_pairing_pin
285
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
6
0
6
0
1
1
0
WEAR000023
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Ghana
fitness_tracker_budget
default_pin_bruteforce
insurance_fraudster
weak_pairing_pin
7
560
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
7
3
6
0
0
0
1
WEAR002633
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
Nigeria
hearing_aid_bluetooth
default_pin_bruteforce
criminal_syndicate
weak_pairing_pin
7
419
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
6
8
7
0
0
0
0
WEAR003340
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
Nigeria
smartwatch_budget
ble_eavesdropping
health_data_broker
no_certificate_pinning
13
14
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
4
13
0
0
0
0
WEAR002215
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
DRC
insulin_pump
impersonation_pairing
unknown
weak_pairing_pin
643
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
6
4
6
1
0
1
1
WEAR003682
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Rwanda
pulse_oximeter
ble_eavesdropping
criminal_syndicate
default_admin_password
1
14
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
4
3
9
0
0
0
0
WEAR004724
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
Kenya
fitness_tracker_budget
default_pin_bruteforce
opportunistic_hacker
hardcoded_credentials
88
57
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
4
8
8
0
0
1
1
WEAR001907
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
Zimbabwe
fitness_tracker_budget
supply_chain_malware
opportunistic_hacker
unencrypted_cloud_sync
184
33
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
5
3
8
0
0
1
0
WEAR000084
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Malawi
cgm_continuous_glucose
data_spoofing
ransomware_affiliate
no_code_signing
973
4
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
3
5
10
0
1
1
1
WEAR000227
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
Ghana
icd_defibrillator
app_mitm
opportunistic_hacker
no_ble_encryption
5
11
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
3
9
9
1
0
0
1
WEAR000296
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
Nigeria
pulse_oximeter
default_pin_bruteforce
unknown
debug_interface_exposed
155
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
6
7
7
0
0
1
1
WEAR001001
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
Senegal
cgm_continuous_glucose
firmware_backdoor
criminal_syndicate
no_ble_encryption
1
10
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
4
7
9
0
1
0
0
WEAR002138
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Ethiopia
insulin_pump_cgm_combo
supply_chain_malware
health_data_broker
no_firmware_updates
141
639
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
8
6
5
1
1
1
1
WEAR000711
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
Ethiopia
insulin_pump
ble_eavesdropping
opportunistic_hacker
insecure_ota
177
49
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
7
10
6
1
0
1
1
WEAR002801
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Cameroon
pulse_oximeter
data_spoofing
device_reseller
no_firmware_updates
167
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
2
7
10
0
0
1
1
WEAR002527
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
Nigeria
hearing_aid_bluetooth
ble_eavesdropping
state_sponsored_apt
no_ble_encryption
35
32
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
7
14
5
0
0
0
0
WEAR003752
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
South Africa
smartwatch_budget
default_pin_bruteforce
criminal_syndicate
no_firmware_updates
1
402
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
5
8
7
0
0
0
0
WEAR003321
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
Ethiopia
fertility_tracker
app_mitm
criminal_syndicate
no_firmware_updates
1
756
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
7
12
0
0
0
1
WEAR003181
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
Malawi
insulin_pump
app_mitm
health_data_broker
no_firmware_updates
35
44
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
11
16
1
1
0
0
1
WEAR004183
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
South Africa
fitness_tracker_budget
cloud_api_exploit
ransomware_affiliate
default_admin_password
48
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
8
13
4
0
0
0
0
WEAR001615
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
Zimbabwe
cgm_continuous_glucose
firmware_backdoor
stalking_ex_partner
default_admin_password
113
852
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
5
8
7
0
1
1
0
WEAR003024
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
Tanzania
pulse_oximeter
cloud_api_exploit
stalking_ex_partner
no_ble_encryption
10
78
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
4
0
8
0
0
0
0
WEAR001413
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
Nigeria
ecg_monitor_wearable
cloud_api_exploit
stalking_ex_partner
weak_pairing_pin
86
6
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
15
13
0
0
1
0
WEAR000763
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
Angola
sleep_tracker
app_mitm
criminal_syndicate
weak_pairing_pin
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
3
12
9
0
0
0
1
WEAR000655
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
DRC
blood_pressure_wearable
data_spoofing
state_sponsored_apt
no_firmware_updates
65
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
3
4
10
0
0
1
0
WEAR004797
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
Mozambique
cgm_continuous_glucose
app_mitm
criminal_syndicate
no_firmware_updates
1
3
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
6
13
6
0
1
0
0
WEAR003849
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Ghana
icd_defibrillator
supply_chain_malware
ransomware_affiliate
jtag_enabled
5
7
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
3
4
9
1
0
0
1
WEAR004153
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Rwanda
smartwatch_budget
over_the_air_exploit
unknown
hardcoded_credentials
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
5
11
8
0
0
0
0
WEAR000468
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
Ghana
blood_pressure_wearable
ble_eavesdropping
unknown
no_ble_encryption
45
266
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
7
11
5
0
0
0
0
WEAR000157
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Egypt
sleep_tracker
dos_battery_drain
device_reseller
no_firmware_updates
20
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
2
12
11
0
0
0
0
WEAR001295
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
South Africa
ecg_monitor_wearable
dos_battery_drain
unknown
debug_interface_exposed
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
7
11
5
0
0
0
0
WEAR000497
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Nigeria
cgm_continuous_glucose
ble_eavesdropping
state_sponsored_apt
hardcoded_credentials
657
45
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
5
12
7
0
1
1
0
WEAR004740
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
Ethiopia
pulse_oximeter
default_pin_bruteforce
criminal_syndicate
no_firmware_updates
49
21
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
3
8
10
0
0
0
1
WEAR002940
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
Ghana
pulse_oximeter
impersonation_pairing
researcher_ethical
weak_crypto_implementation
138
5
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
5
16
7
0
0
1
0
WEAR003456
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Morocco
insulin_pump
default_pin_bruteforce
ransomware_affiliate
no_firmware_updates
1
35
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
5
4
8
1
0
0
0
WEAR000373
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Nigeria
pacemaker
ble_eavesdropping
opportunistic_hacker
no_firmware_updates
1
8
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
5
8
7
1
0
0
0
WEAR000079
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
Nigeria
insulin_pump_cgm_combo
default_pin_bruteforce
unknown
weak_pairing_pin
448
5
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
2
11
11
1
1
1
0