record_id
large_string
intelligence_source
large_string
intelligence_source_url
large_string
country
large_string
device_type
large_string
attack_type
large_string
threat_actor
large_string
vulnerability_type
large_string
devices_affected
int64
patients_affected
int64
data_exfiltrated
int64
data_modified
int64
dos_battery_drained
int64
false_reading_injected
int64
alert_suppressed
int64
device_disabled
int64
patient_harm_risk
int64
ble_unencrypted
int64
weak_pin
int64
no_firmware_updates
int64
no_cloud_encryption
int64
default_creds
int64
no_code_signing
int64
device_lost_stolen
int64
detected
int64
reported_to_vendor
int64
device_replaced
int64
label
int64
is_synthetic
int64
device_security_score
int64
attack_severity_score
int64
vulnerability_exposure
int64
is_implantable
int64
is_cgm
int64
high_devices_affected
int64
device_lost_risk
int64
WEAR003891
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
Egypt
insulin_pump
app_mitm
opportunistic_hacker
no_firmware_updates
89
21
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
7
7
5
1
0
1
1
WEAR000764
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
Rwanda
insulin_pump_cgm_combo
ble_eavesdropping
stalking_ex_partner
no_ble_encryption
1
145
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
5
7
8
1
1
0
1
WEAR002767
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
Zimbabwe
hearing_aid_bluetooth
ble_eavesdropping
criminal_syndicate
hardcoded_credentials
1
52
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
5
8
8
0
0
0
0
WEAR004328
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Kenya
cgm_continuous_glucose
supply_chain_malware
opportunistic_hacker
jtag_enabled
9
32
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
7
17
5
0
1
0
1
WEAR003295
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Tanzania
smartwatch_budget
supply_chain_malware
opportunistic_hacker
insecure_ota
169
31
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
5
8
8
0
0
1
1
WEAR002194
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
Kenya
insulin_pump
cloud_api_exploit
device_reseller
insecure_ota
1
50
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
10
12
1
0
0
0
WEAR002357
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Kenya
fertility_tracker
ble_eavesdropping
researcher_ethical
no_code_signing
39
3
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
6
12
6
0
0
0
1
WEAR003425
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
South Africa
insulin_pump_cgm_combo
ble_eavesdropping
device_reseller
no_code_signing
1
10
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
3
11
10
1
1
0
0
WEAR003979
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Senegal
blood_pressure_wearable
cloud_api_exploit
insurance_fraudster
no_certificate_pinning
1
80
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
5
0
7
0
0
0
0
WEAR000911
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
South Africa
fitness_tracker_budget
ble_eavesdropping
criminal_syndicate
unencrypted_cloud_sync
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
5
8
8
0
0
0
0
WEAR003145
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
Nigeria
pacemaker
over_the_air_exploit
health_data_broker
weak_pairing_pin
1
998
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
2
8
10
1
0
0
1
WEAR000999
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
South Africa
insulin_pump
data_spoofing
opportunistic_hacker
no_code_signing
4
8
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
7
4
5
1
0
0
0
WEAR003653
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
Malawi
fitness_tracker_budget
firmware_backdoor
health_data_broker
hardcoded_credentials
89
102
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
8
4
4
0
0
1
0
WEAR002483
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
Kenya
icd_defibrillator
physical_tamper
stalking_ex_partner
no_ble_encryption
25
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
8
11
4
1
0
0
1
WEAR004076
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Egypt
insulin_pump_cgm_combo
ble_eavesdropping
device_reseller
no_code_signing
198
374
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
7
7
6
1
1
1
0
WEAR002370
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
Nigeria
smart_inhaler
app_mitm
stalking_ex_partner
debug_interface_exposed
429
944
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
5
7
8
0
0
1
0
WEAR004838
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
South Africa
pacemaker
firmware_backdoor
health_data_broker
weak_pairing_pin
9
854
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
2
13
11
1
0
0
0
WEAR000033
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
Rwanda
insulin_pump
ble_eavesdropping
state_sponsored_apt
no_code_signing
1
7
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
7
10
5
1
0
0
0
WEAR003789
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
Nigeria
fall_detection_pendant
supply_chain_malware
opportunistic_hacker
insecure_ota
81
149
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
4
8
8
0
0
1
0
WEAR001020
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
Morocco
ecg_monitor_wearable
cloud_api_exploit
opportunistic_hacker
no_code_signing
8
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
8
11
5
0
0
0
0
WEAR001647
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Kenya
pulse_oximeter
firmware_backdoor
opportunistic_hacker
unencrypted_cloud_sync
1
31
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
5
17
8
0
0
0
1
WEAR000733
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Ghana
smartwatch_budget
default_pin_bruteforce
unknown
no_ble_encryption
31
4
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
7
8
5
0
0
0
1
WEAR004582
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
Rwanda
fertility_tracker
impersonation_pairing
ransomware_affiliate
insecure_ota
50
888
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
6
11
7
0
0
0
0
WEAR003274
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Tanzania
insulin_pump
data_spoofing
opportunistic_hacker
no_code_signing
2
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
6
6
7
1
0
0
1
WEAR001620
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
Tanzania
smartwatch_budget
supply_chain_malware
health_data_broker
unencrypted_cloud_sync
132
177
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
4
0
9
0
0
1
1
WEAR003135
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Kenya
insulin_pump_cgm_combo
physical_tamper
device_reseller
jtag_enabled
814
19
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
6
7
7
1
1
1
0
WEAR002689
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Ghana
cgm_continuous_glucose
physical_tamper
opportunistic_hacker
hardcoded_credentials
847
137
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
2
7
11
0
1
1
1
WEAR002707
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Rwanda
smartwatch_budget
ble_eavesdropping
stalking_ex_partner
default_admin_password
1
909
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
8
7
4
0
0
0
0
WEAR000297
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Zambia
insulin_pump
ble_eavesdropping
opportunistic_hacker
weak_crypto_implementation
1
45
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
7
9
6
1
0
0
0
WEAR002339
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
Kenya
fall_detection_pendant
ble_eavesdropping
health_data_broker
jtag_enabled
1
50
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
16
9
0
0
0
1
WEAR000653
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
Tanzania
pulse_oximeter
ble_eavesdropping
health_data_broker
default_admin_password
1
4
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
5
3
8
0
0
0
0
WEAR003774
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Ghana
smartwatch_budget
default_pin_bruteforce
health_data_broker
default_admin_password
4
8
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
7
3
6
0
0
0
0
WEAR001255
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
Cameroon
fall_detection_pendant
cloud_api_exploit
device_reseller
no_ble_encryption
43
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
5
0
7
0
0
0
1
WEAR004520
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Nigeria
icd_defibrillator
supply_chain_malware
criminal_syndicate
weak_pairing_pin
127
4
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
6
4
7
1
0
1
1
WEAR000230
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
Cote d'Ivoire
pulse_oximeter
ble_eavesdropping
researcher_ethical
unencrypted_cloud_sync
48
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
8
12
5
0
0
0
0
WEAR003276
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Senegal
blood_pressure_wearable
data_spoofing
criminal_syndicate
unencrypted_cloud_sync
7
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
7
7
5
0
0
0
1
WEAR003230
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Uganda
hearing_aid_bluetooth
firmware_backdoor
ransomware_affiliate
no_certificate_pinning
10
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
7
9
5
0
0
0
0
WEAR000691
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Morocco
insulin_pump
impersonation_pairing
device_reseller
no_certificate_pinning
765
19
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
8
3
5
1
0
1
0
WEAR002754
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
Kenya
insulin_pump
ble_eavesdropping
stalking_ex_partner
unencrypted_cloud_sync
118
420
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
3
0
9
1
0
1
0
WEAR004863
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
South Africa
fitness_tracker_budget
ble_eavesdropping
unknown
weak_pairing_pin
892
506
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
9
7
3
0
0
1
0
WEAR000969
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
Angola
fertility_tracker
ble_eavesdropping
health_data_broker
no_firmware_updates
1
48
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
7
5
6
0
0
0
0
WEAR000633
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Zimbabwe
fitness_tracker_budget
ble_eavesdropping
health_data_broker
weak_crypto_implementation
829
49
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
6
3
7
0
0
1
0
WEAR004092
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
South Africa
ecg_monitor_wearable
app_mitm
stalking_ex_partner
no_firmware_updates
29
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
8
4
4
0
0
0
1
WEAR004077
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
South Africa
smartwatch_budget
over_the_air_exploit
insurance_fraudster
no_ble_encryption
682
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
7
7
5
0
0
1
1
WEAR001321
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
Rwanda
sleep_tracker
ble_eavesdropping
ransomware_affiliate
weak_crypto_implementation
36
25
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
7
8
6
0
0
0
0
WEAR001831
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
Rwanda
fall_detection_pendant
replay_attack
unknown
no_ble_encryption
5
10
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
7
3
6
0
0
0
0
WEAR002178
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
South Africa
smartwatch_budget
ble_eavesdropping
opportunistic_hacker
weak_crypto_implementation
670
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
3
9
10
0
0
1
0
WEAR001417
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Uganda
cgm_continuous_glucose
companion_app_phishing
state_sponsored_apt
hardcoded_credentials
152
54
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
3
4
10
0
1
1
0
WEAR001782
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Ghana
smartwatch_budget
dos_battery_drain
ransomware_affiliate
no_certificate_pinning
1
28
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
7
4
5
0
0
0
0
WEAR004715
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
Egypt
cgm_continuous_glucose
companion_app_phishing
opportunistic_hacker
no_code_signing
154
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
9
11
4
0
1
1
0
WEAR004701
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
Nigeria
cgm_continuous_glucose
companion_app_phishing
health_data_broker
unencrypted_cloud_sync
6
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
5
8
8
0
1
0
1
WEAR004118
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Egypt
sleep_tracker
default_pin_bruteforce
insurance_fraudster
unencrypted_cloud_sync
1
68
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
5
7
8
0
0
0
1
WEAR001652
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
South Africa
insulin_pump_cgm_combo
companion_app_phishing
health_data_broker
no_firmware_updates
27
64
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
8
11
4
1
1
0
1
WEAR001483
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Tanzania
pulse_oximeter
default_pin_bruteforce
device_reseller
no_ble_encryption
339
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
4
3
9
0
0
1
0
WEAR002275
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
Rwanda
icd_defibrillator
companion_app_phishing
opportunistic_hacker
weak_pairing_pin
23
50
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
8
11
4
1
0
0
1
WEAR000877
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Ghana
smartwatch_budget
replay_attack
opportunistic_hacker
no_code_signing
108
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
2
3
11
0
0
1
0
WEAR003525
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
Nigeria
sleep_tracker
firmware_backdoor
unknown
insecure_ota
942
2
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
7
12
0
0
1
1
WEAR002016
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Egypt
insulin_pump_cgm_combo
companion_app_phishing
device_reseller
weak_crypto_implementation
1
24
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
5
10
8
1
1
0
1
WEAR000426
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
Nigeria
fitness_tracker_budget
cloud_api_exploit
insurance_fraudster
no_code_signing
545
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
7
3
5
0
0
1
1
WEAR000626
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Morocco
blood_pressure_wearable
replay_attack
stalking_ex_partner
no_firmware_updates
519
3
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
7
12
6
0
0
1
0
WEAR001589
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Ghana
insulin_pump
default_pin_bruteforce
stalking_ex_partner
weak_pairing_pin
200
759
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
6
11
7
1
0
1
0
WEAR002223
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
Kenya
fall_detection_pendant
firmware_backdoor
health_data_broker
no_ble_encryption
141
7
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
6
7
6
0
0
1
0
WEAR002217
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
Nigeria
cgm_continuous_glucose
companion_app_phishing
stalking_ex_partner
insecure_ota
67
9
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
2
7
11
0
1
1
0
WEAR004483
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
Ghana
blood_pressure_wearable
impersonation_pairing
criminal_syndicate
hardcoded_credentials
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
6
10
6
0
0
0
0
WEAR001485
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
South Africa
insulin_pump
physical_tamper
researcher_ethical
no_certificate_pinning
8
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
8
3
5
1
0
0
0
WEAR001739
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
South Africa
icd_defibrillator
replay_attack
opportunistic_hacker
no_certificate_pinning
294
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
5
9
7
1
0
1
1
WEAR002480
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Egypt
fitness_tracker_budget
over_the_air_exploit
opportunistic_hacker
hardcoded_credentials
798
483
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
7
11
6
0
0
1
1
WEAR002584
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Egypt
insulin_pump
ble_eavesdropping
unknown
insecure_ota
10
385
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
12
8
0
1
0
0
0
WEAR002893
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
Zambia
smartwatch_budget
cloud_api_exploit
opportunistic_hacker
no_firmware_updates
717
31
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
3
7
10
0
0
1
0
WEAR000149
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
Zimbabwe
pacemaker
dos_battery_drain
opportunistic_hacker
unencrypted_cloud_sync
95
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
3
3
10
1
0
1
0
WEAR000676
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
Ghana
insulin_pump_cgm_combo
data_spoofing
stalking_ex_partner
unencrypted_cloud_sync
177
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
5
4
8
1
1
1
1
WEAR001261
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Tanzania
smartwatch_budget
data_spoofing
health_data_broker
hardcoded_credentials
38
157
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
6
14
7
0
0
0
1
WEAR004917
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
Uganda
ecg_monitor_wearable
supply_chain_malware
ransomware_affiliate
no_firmware_updates
1
11
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
7
7
6
0
0
0
1
WEAR000012
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
Kenya
insulin_pump_cgm_combo
companion_app_phishing
opportunistic_hacker
no_firmware_updates
140
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
6
4
6
1
1
1
0
WEAR001833
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
South Africa
fitness_tracker_budget
ble_eavesdropping
unknown
unencrypted_cloud_sync
15
175
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
2
3
11
0
0
0
0
WEAR003248
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Tanzania
pulse_oximeter
firmware_backdoor
ransomware_affiliate
no_firmware_updates
10
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
8
3
4
0
0
0
1
WEAR001491
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
Kenya
blood_pressure_wearable
impersonation_pairing
insurance_fraudster
no_firmware_updates
11
175
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
5
8
8
0
0
0
0
WEAR002727
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
South Africa
fitness_tracker_budget
firmware_backdoor
state_sponsored_apt
no_firmware_updates
4
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
6
11
7
0
0
0
0
WEAR003686
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Nigeria
smartwatch_budget
app_mitm
criminal_syndicate
no_code_signing
27
40
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
6
6
6
0
0
0
0
WEAR001424
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
South Africa
pacemaker
default_pin_bruteforce
health_data_broker
weak_crypto_implementation
333
153
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
3
11
10
1
0
1
1
WEAR004605
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Kenya
smartwatch_budget
app_mitm
ransomware_affiliate
no_certificate_pinning
10
190
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
7
10
5
0
0
0
1
WEAR004595
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
South Africa
icd_defibrillator
data_spoofing
stalking_ex_partner
insecure_ota
3
369
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
2
7
11
1
0
0
1
WEAR000731
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
Cameroon
sleep_tracker
ble_eavesdropping
unknown
no_certificate_pinning
102
6
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
6
8
6
0
0
1
1
WEAR001231
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
Cameroon
pacemaker
replay_attack
researcher_ethical
no_certificate_pinning
28
965
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
8
4
5
1
0
0
1
WEAR001634
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
Egypt
sleep_tracker
data_spoofing
insurance_fraudster
no_certificate_pinning
547
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
9
6
3
0
0
1
1
WEAR003936
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
Nigeria
cgm_continuous_glucose
companion_app_phishing
stalking_ex_partner
no_firmware_updates
855
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
3
3
10
0
1
1
0
WEAR001210
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
Egypt
insulin_pump
firmware_backdoor
opportunistic_hacker
weak_crypto_implementation
39
121
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
7
12
1
0
0
1
WEAR003268
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Kenya
icd_defibrillator
cloud_api_exploit
insurance_fraudster
no_certificate_pinning
994
4
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
7
7
5
1
0
1
0
WEAR001934
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
Rwanda
fall_detection_pendant
default_pin_bruteforce
insurance_fraudster
weak_pairing_pin
1
205
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
10
4
2
0
0
0
1
WEAR000553
ScienceDirect Internet of Medical Things 2021
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211883721000721
Tanzania
insulin_pump
companion_app_phishing
ransomware_affiliate
no_certificate_pinning
4
478
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
5
6
8
1
0
0
1
WEAR000491
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
South Africa
fitness_tracker_budget
default_pin_bruteforce
device_reseller
no_certificate_pinning
212
3
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
3
12
0
0
1
1
WEAR002962
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
South Africa
ecg_monitor_wearable
companion_app_phishing
device_reseller
no_certificate_pinning
117
53
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
6
12
6
0
0
1
0
WEAR002329
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
Mozambique
pacemaker
default_pin_bruteforce
stalking_ex_partner
insecure_ota
6
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
5
4
7
1
0
0
0
WEAR002195
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Egypt
hearing_aid_bluetooth
ble_eavesdropping
stalking_ex_partner
unencrypted_cloud_sync
1
9
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
2
7
11
0
0
0
0
WEAR003064
MDPI Security Risks Wearable IoMT 2023
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/8/5519
Nigeria
sleep_tracker
dos_battery_drain
health_data_broker
unencrypted_cloud_sync
18
192
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
5
4
8
0
0
0
0
WEAR000657
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
Kenya
icd_defibrillator
ble_eavesdropping
device_reseller
no_ble_encryption
1
50
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
4
3
9
1
0
0
0
WEAR002374
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
Egypt
cgm_continuous_glucose
companion_app_phishing
insurance_fraudster
no_certificate_pinning
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
3
12
0
1
0
1
WEAR002225
UCL BLE Wearable Medical Device Security 2025
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2025/jan/your-wearable-knows-your-heartbeat-who-else-does
Ethiopia
sleep_tracker
firmware_backdoor
insurance_fraudster
unencrypted_cloud_sync
473
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
4
7
9
0
0
1
1
WEAR004264
Cybersecurity Ventures Patient Insecurity 2024
https://cybersecurityventures.com/patient-insecurity-explosion-of-the-internet-of-medical-things/
Morocco
pacemaker
default_pin_bruteforce
insurance_fraudster
default_admin_password
13
94
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
8
18
5
1
0
0
1
WEAR001170
arXiv IoMT Cybersecurity Africa 2025
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11250v1
Egypt
insulin_pump
data_spoofing
unknown
no_code_signing
306
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
3
4
9
1
0
1
0