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this paper is a major revision of our earlier work@xcite on holographic space - time ( hst ) models of inflation . in it we have incorporated the lessons we have learned | 0 |
x - ray and soft @xmath0-ray ( hereafter x@xmath0 ) spectra from luminous accreting black holes ( hereafter bh ) , i.e. , agns and bh binaries , commonly show a distinct | 0 |
magnetism has been known for approximately 3000 years . there is some evidence that a hematite bar , found close to veracruz ( now mexico ) , had served the olmecs as | 0 |
the morphology of galaxies is of great interest because it reflects not only the structural properties of galaxies but also their star formation histories . a morphological study of galaxies has been | 0 |
loop quantum gravity ( lqg ) @xcite is considered to be a promising candidate for quantum theory of gravity . it provides mathematically rigorous foundation for quantum gravity and has led to | 0 |
the rapid advances in communications technology and mobile network market have urged the research community to direct its efforts towards novel communications paradigms that can offer a better system performance . already | 0 |
understanding the formation and evolution of our galaxy has always been one of the key quests in modern astrophysics for decades ( e.g. * ? ? ? since rrls are easily identifiable | 0 |
in particle physics there is a number of well - established principles ( four - dimensional lorentz invariance , renormalizability , gauge symmetries , etc . ) , which are believed to | 0 |
the study of random combinatorial objects is an amazing success story , which grew from ad hoc problems and simple ideas to a flourishing field of its own , with many astonishing | 0 |
two - player games played on graphs are nowadays a well - established model for systems where two antagonistic agents interact . in particular , they allow one to perform controller synthesis | 0 |
we choose as the starting point of the present work the fundamental problem of channel simulation . roughly speaking , this problem asks when a communication channel @xmath1 from alice ( a | 0 |
during the past decade it has become abundantly clear that there are several sub - classes of two - dimensional ( 2d ) spin liquids . @xcite perhaps best understood are the | 0 |
the fruitful concept of the _ maximal globally hyperbolic development _ of cauchy data was introduced in 1969 by choquet - bruhat and geroch @xcite . these solutions to einstein s field | 0 |
the technique of reverberation mapping @xcite has been used to directly measure black hole masses in relatively local broad - line ( type 1 ) agns for over two decades ( see | 0 |
the stability and structure of nuclei at the upper end of the nuclear chart is a hot topic in contemporary nuclear physics . it is a challenging task to answer which heavy | 0 |
identifying members of known moving groups ( mg ) or open clusters can provide an important constraint on their age and composition . low - mass stars and brown dwarfs ( bds | 0 |
[ sec : s1 ] the compactness of its core is an important structural characteristic of a presupernova star that affects whether it will explode as a supernova . a shallow density | 0 |
in this article we calculate the relaxation rate @xmath0 of a scalar field @xmath1 in a plasma of other scalars and fermions with gauge interactions using thermal quantum field theory . we | 0 |
nonlinear hyperbolic systems of partial differential equations , arising in continuum physics and especially in compressible fluid dynamics , admit discontinuous solutions containing shock waves that may _ depend on underlying small | 0 |
quantum process tomography ( qpt ) @xcite is a way to completely characterize a quantum process . it is the main tool for experimental characterization of quantum gates , being developed for | 0 |
stellar mass functions are important for population studies , both nearby and at high redshift . mass functions are not static but change their shape when the frequencies of stars or their | 0 |
in our former papers , cf . e.g. @xcite and references therein , we discussed in various aspects the mechanics of affinely - rigid bodies , i.e. , bodies rigid in the | 0 |
it is known that divergence operators fulfill maximal parabolic regularity on @xmath1 spaces even if the underlying domain is non - smooth , the coefficients are discontinuous and the boundary conditions are | 0 |
as stars hurtle along their orbits around the galaxy , they pass through a diverse array of interstellar medium ( ism ) environments , ranging from dense molecular clouds ( e.g. , | 0 |
adic , or bratteli - vershik ( bv ) , systems represent all measure - preserving systems on nonatomic probability spaces and all minimal systems on the cantor set . they provide | 0 |
the chemical composition of a galaxy is one of its most fundamental characteristics . here we focus on disk galaxies . because the chemical enrichment depends on various physical processes , such | 0 |
the qcd sum rule ( qcd - sr ) approach to qcd continues to be a highly active field . the influence of the field is reflected in over 1500 references to | 0 |
the production of heavy quarkonium at hadron colliders provides particular challenges and opportunity for insight into the theory of quantum chromodynamics ( qcd ) as its mechanisms of production operate at the | 0 |
nonequilibrium transitions from stuck to moving states underlie the physics of a wide range of phenomena @xcite , from fracture and earthquake rupture @xcite to flux flow in type - ii superconductors | 0 |
gamma - ray bursts ( grbs ) are the brightest electromagnetic explosions in the universe ( e.g. , @xcite ) . for the short time of their activity , they outshine all | 0 |
seeing a quantum effect , and even making practical use of it , does not necessarily imply recognising it as such . magnetic compasses have been around for millenia , but quantum | 0 |
an empirical tenet in the study of accreting compact objects is that their maximum radiative luminosity is about eddington luminosity , that is the limit where the inward - directed gravitational force | 0 |
ltude de la distribution des points rationnels sur les varits algbriques est un sujet classique de la gomtrie diophantienne . beaucoup de varits do nt le fibr anticanonique est gros vrifient le | 0 |
[ [ stress - fluctuation - formalism . ] ] stress fluctuation formalism . + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + | 0 |
elections are an important way to make decisions , both in human and electronic settings . arguably the most important class of election systems are the scoring rules . a scoring rule | 0 |
the unprecedented development of laser technologies in recent two decades , mainly due to chirped pulse amplification technique @xcite , has allowed increase of intensity of laser sources in the first stage | 0 |
planets are born in protoplanetary disks . planets can produce radial and azimuthal features in the disks observable in resolved images at various wavelengths ( e.g. , simulations by * ? ? | 0 |
the nature of balqsos has been a question at the forefront of quasar research for the past two decades ( turnshek 1984 ; weymann 1995 ) , and considerable uncertainty remains about | 0 |
the study of spectra of graphs associated with finitely generated groups , such as cayley graphs or schreier graphs ( natural analogues of cayley graphs associated to not necessarily free group actions | 0 |
given a search problem we may want to find out whether one solution for a particular instance is `` close '' to another solution of that instance in order to get more | 0 |
the political idea and the political measures , austerity , are based on a simple and single myth . namely that economic growth is stopped when the national debt reaches a critical | 0 |
the confinement of a fluid which is close to its critical point at @xmath0 induces remarkable deviations from its bulk behavior . typically , the boundary of a system affects the local | 0 |
infrastructure as a service ( iaas ) systems @xcite build on virtualisation technologies to allow automated infrastructure provisioning . virtual machine ( vm ) based provisioning gives users two major benefits : | 0 |
the discovery of iron - based superconductors@xcite has triggered a new round of intensive research of high - temperature superconductivity . one early dispute focused on the attribute of the iron @xmath0 | 0 |
quasi one - dimensional compounds can display a rich variety of phases , including spin - peierls , charge density wave , spin density wave , and superconducting orders@xcite . due to | 0 |
in recent years important observational advances have led quite convincingly to the astonishing conclusion that the present universe is dominated by an exotic homogeneous energy density with _ negative _ pressure . | 0 |
radio emission has now been detected from stars across the entire hertzsprung - russell ( h - r ) diagram , spanning virtually every stage of stellar evolution . the recent commissioning | 0 |
observations of type ia supernovae ( sne ia ) in the last decade have substantially advanced our understanding of them . within the current observational scheme of sne ia , the majority | 0 |
a central factor in the application of machine learning to a given task is the _ inductive bias _ , _ i.e. _ the choice of hypotheses space from which learned functions | 0 |
strongly correlated fermionic systems , responsible for relevant many - body phenomena such as high - temperature superconductivity , the fractional quantum hall effect or metal - insulator transitions , represent one | 0 |
in the late 70 s , montonen and olive discovered that a given four dimensional gauge theory might be described using different sets of elementary fields @xcite . the fields in one | 0 |
in single @xmath0 hypernuclei , a @xmath0 hyperon can occupy any orbital in the hypernucleus since it is free from the pauli exclusion principle due to its additional quantum number strangeness . | 0 |
as gas rich starburst galaxies and massive mergers , ultraluminous and luminous infrared galaxies ( u / lirgs ) in the local universe provide valuable insight and context for phenomena that impact | 0 |
during the last decade much attention has been paid to the inertial range of fully developed turbulence , which contains wave numbers larger than those that pump the energy into the system | 0 |
in a universe where the bulk of the mass is in the form of collisionless cold dark matter ( cdm ) , galaxies reside within gravitationally bound halos of cdm particles ( | 0 |
the abstract state machine ( asm ) thesis , first proposed in @xcite and elaborated in @xcite , asserts that every algorithm is equivalent , on its natural level of abstraction , | 0 |
in recent years , much attention has been focused on the problem of kinetic surface roughening associated with the nonequilibrium dynamics of growing interfaces @xcite . a number of simple models of | 0 |
inclusive decays of @xmath1 mesons offer a rich environment to explore the flavor sector of the standard model and to search for new physics in radiative decays . moment analyses of @xmath7 | 0 |
causality is a topic which nowadays receives much attention . statisticians , epidemiologists , biostatisticians , social scientists , computer [ especially those in artificial intelligence , see , e.g. , @xcite | 0 |
the notion of a bound state of fermions is based mainly on the examples of atoms and nuclei . the common feature of these systems is that they are non - relativistic | 0 |
the physics of hadrons began about one century ago , when it became appealing to build nuclei from protons and neutrons . the experimental search for the neutron was soon resumed along | 0 |
in recent years , uv and optical photometry and spectroscopy of nearby elliptical galaxies has suggested that these galaxies , which have a reputation for being old , red , and dead | 0 |
there is a very old question in the philosophy of space and time , concerning how and why bodies move in the particular way that they do in the absence of any | 0 |
the origin of bulges is a clue to understanding galaxy formation and evolution . previously two main scenarios : monolithic collapse and secular formation models for the bulge formation have been proposed | 0 |
the discovery of the berry phase @xcite revolutionized the study of many quantum mechanical phenomena . to explain this discovery , consider a quantum system with a hamiltonian @xmath0 , where @xmath1 | 0 |
quantum information theory is an area of scientific investigation that has witnessed an enormous progress in the last decade @xcite . in the framework of quantum information science , paradigmatic systems of | 0 |
x - ray observations of clusters of galaxies show that in the central regions of most clusters the cooling time of the intracluster gas is significantly less than a hubble time ( | 0 |
galaxy clusters , as the largest peaks in the cosmic density field , play an important role in astrophysics and cosmology ( e.g. * ? ? ? * ; * ? ? | 0 |
the question of what makes up the mass density of the universe is practically as old as extragalactic astronomy which began with the recognition that nebulae such as m31 in andromeda are | 0 |
recently there has been much progress in the study of synchronization of nonlinear maps @xcite and flows @xcite . this may lead to the clarification of the intelligence supposed to come from | 0 |
recent studies have found that the comoving integrated star formation rate ( sfr ) increases by an order of magnitude as z increases from 0 to 1 ( connolly et al . | 0 |
the study of collisional relaxation in stellar nuclei around massive black holes and the associated rates of capture has a long history . the pioneering work of @xcite established a quasi - | 0 |
current and future time domain optical surveys , such as the sdss stripe 82 supernova survey @xcite , palomar transient factory ( ptf , * ? ? ? * ) , the | 0 |
hamilton cycles occupy a position of central importance in graph theory , and are the subject of countless results . the most famous is of course dirac s theorem @xcite , which | 0 |
a considerable number of absolute proper motions for globular clusters have become available in recent times , largely due to the work of @xcite . with the new proper motions , full | 0 |
i would like to revive , from a new viewpoint , a somewhat old fashioned discussion , which recently seems to be all but extinct . as goes without saying , every | 0 |
in one - dimensional real and complex dynamics , there are several conditions which guarantee some form of non - uniform hyperbolicity , which in turn gives a reasonable understanding on statistical | 0 |
the heisenberg spin chain is an one - dimensional lattice model consists of ( half ) integer spins interacting with their neighboring spins and an external magnetic field . this model , | 0 |
in multi - user mimo systems , one main challenge is the increased complexity and energy consumption of the signal processing to mitigate the interferences between multiple co - channel users . | 0 |
the evolutionary population synthesis ( eps ) technique , first introduced by tinsley ( 1968 ; see @xcite and @xcite for review ) , has its fundamental basis in stellar evolution theory | 0 |
in the mathematical modelling of multi - component stochastic systems , it is conventional to describe their behaviour in terms of random configurations of `` particles '' whose spatio - temporal dynamics | 0 |
the obliquities of the host stars in exoplanetary systems display a surprising diversity , including low obliquities reminiscent of the solar system , strongly tilted stars , and retrograde systems in which | 0 |
as their name suggests , compact groups are small systems of several galaxies in a compact configuration on the sky . the first example was found over one hundred years ago by | 0 |
the very first extragalactic large - scale jet was discovered in optical . this was a ` curious straight ray ' emanating from the nucleus of an active galaxy m 87 ( | 0 |
the major goal of physics is the quest for understanding and controlling the forces of nature . in recent decades physicists and chemists have begun to invent increasingly creative ways to combine | 0 |
gdel s completeness theorem ( for first - order classical logic ) is one of the most important theorems in logic . it is concerned with a duality ( in a naive | 0 |
type i supernovae ( sne i ) are characterized by the lack of prominent hydrogen lines in the spectra ( e.g. , * ? ? ? strong helium lines are present in | 0 |
shock waves have been observed in a wide range of environments outside the earth , from the solar wind to the hot gas in galaxy clusters . however , the mechanism whereby | 0 |
a long - standing question of microscopic description of nuclear collective motion belongs to the class of problems which are left behind by the advancing army that currently is mostly interested in | 0 |
we have recently given a simple combinatorial model for the irreducible characters of a complex semisimple lie group @xmath1 and , more generally , for the _ demazure characters _ @xcite . | 0 |
correlation and interference distinguish quantum from classical mechanics . the former is manifest in the measurement of many - body coincidences predicted by a quantum joint probability density function ( pdf ) | 0 |
phylogenetics is a study of how species are related to each other . evolutionary relationships are most conveniently represented by rooted leaf - labelled trees , where the leaves represent extant species | 0 |
long before the development of general relativity , john michell wondered about the gravitational influence of objects on the light they emit , and how one might go about finding objects so | 0 |
derived equivalences between finite dimensional algebras are known to be fundamental in representation theory and applications . unfortunately , still very few positive results are known about the structure of derived equivalences | 0 |
this article will be about discussing the possibilities to characterize _ randomness _ and _ dynamical complexity _ in quantum mechanics and relating this issue to the questions of non - equilibrium | 0 |
the recent experimental developments in ultracold fermi gases and in particular the experimental realization of the bec - bcs crossover through feshbach resonance @xcite have arised in a field where theoretical investigations | 0 |
cosmological gamma - ray bursts are one of the most interesting and exotic phenomena in astrophysics . in standard burst models ( e.g. see piran 1999 ; mszros 2001 for reviews ) | 0 |
astrophysical jets as highly collimated beams of high velocity material and outflows of less degree of collimation and lower speed are an ubiquitous phenomenon in a variety of astrophysical sources . the | 0 |
active galactic nuclei are powerful sources of radiation in a wide spectral range : from @xmath1 rays to radio waves . they derive their extraordinary luminosities ( sometimes more than @xmath2 times | 0 |
in recent years quantum field theoretical progress has been achieved towards a reliable description of the dynamics far from equilibrium . at the same time , experimental efforts to measure the dynamical | 0 |
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