text string | label int64 |
|---|---|
a group action is one of the most important tool in the study of mathematical objects . finite group actions in symplectic geometry appear in various contexts , such as mirror symmetry | 1 |
let @xmath0 be a complete discrete valuation field , with @xmath1 its ring of integers and @xmath2 its residue field . let @xmath3 be an @xmath4-dimensional @xmath0-vector space . a lattice of | 1 |
we are concerned with the problems of shock reflection by wedges . these problems arise not only in many important physical situations but also are fundamental in the mathematical theory of multidimensional | 1 |
* historical context : * abstract regularization methods were developed in symplectic geometry in the 1990s for the purpose of assigning a virtual fundamental cycle to moduli spaces of pseudoholomorphic curves that | 1 |
a ferromagnet is a symmetry - broken state in which a majority of electrons point their spin into a certain common direction below critical temperatures as high as 1000 k. the robustness | 1 |
the last century was characterized by three great successes in the field of astrophysics , each one linked to a different energy source : 1 . jean @xcite and arthur @xcite were | 1 |
in @xcite , a paper that plays a role in these notes , siebenmann mused that his work was initiated at a time when ` respectable ' geometric topology was necessarily compact | 1 |
the ambition to classify graph @xmath5-algebras and their precursors , the cuntz - krieger algebras goes back to the inception of the field . in fact , as recently highlighted in @xcite | 1 |
clusters of galaxies and the filaments that connect them are the largest structures in the present universe in which the gravitational force due to the matter overdensity overcomes the expansion of the | 1 |
imagine a physical system with a hamiltonian @xmath0 that depends on some external parameter @xmath1 , e.g. , electric or magnetic fields that we can vary at will . by changing @xmath1 | 1 |
fundamental quantum many - body systems involve the interaction of bosonic and/or fermionic particles . the spin of a particle makes it behave very differently at ultracold temperatures below the degeneracy temperature | 1 |
the `` problem of the @xmath6 spheres , '' so named by schtte and van der waerden @xcite and leech @xcite , asks whether there exists any configuration of @xmath6 non - | 1 |
in this introduction we first give an overview of our results . the overview starts with a review of well known counterparts of our constructions in algebraic topology . we then introduce | 1 |
the importance of homoclinic orbits in dynamical systems theory was first realised by poincar @xcite , who showed that the presence of a homoclinic tangle in the three - body problem was | 1 |
the _ compton gamma ray observatory _ ( cgro ) , one of the four missions in nasa s great observatories " series , was launched in 1991 april and operated in | 1 |
although general relativity ( gr ) passes all precision tests with flying colors @xcite , there remain some puzzling experimental issues , notably the fact that the universe seems to be filled | 1 |
the progenitors for the narrow - lined type ii supernovae ( sn iin ) remain a mystery , and this mystery is even deeper for the rare class of very luminous type | 1 |
at high enough energy , particles passing through matter ( cosmic rays through the atmosphere , high - energy partons through a quark - gluon plasma , electrons through an electromagnetic calorimeter | 1 |
local models of shimura varieties are projective algebraic varieties over the spectrum of a discrete valuation ring . their singularities are supposed to model the singularities that arise in the reduction modulo | 1 |
black holes are one of the fundamental predictions of general relativity . at the same time , they are one of its least understood ( and most often misunderstood ) aspects . | 1 |
a charge placed in a polarizable medium is screened . dielectric theory describes the phenomenon by the induction of a polarization around the charge carrier . the induced polarization will follow the | 1 |
the history of atomic physics is inextricably related to that of the quantum theory , as well known , since the development of the last one was required just by evidences claiming | 1 |
in the second half of the 1920 s the founding fathers of quantum mechanics were mainly concerned with the understanding of the physical world on an atomic scale . in particular the | 1 |
early observations of the rotation curves of spiral galaxies clearly indicated the presence of `` missing '' matter in these objects ( e.g. , @xcite ; see also @xcite ) . this | 1 |
the high- and intermediate - velocity clouds ( hvcs and ivcs ) consist of gas moving at velocities incompatible with a simple model of differential galactic rotation ( wakker 1991 ) . | 1 |
the main purpose of this paper is to present an overview of some of the salient findings of refs . @xcite that have thus far not received the attention that we believe | 1 |
the palomar transient factory ( ptf ; * ? ? ? * ) and its successor survey currently underway , the _ intermediate _ palomar transient factory ( iptf ; * ? | 1 |
the purpose of this section is to prove some general results which are useful to compute the cohomology groups of coherent sheaves on rational trees . a rational tree @xmath22 is a | 1 |
large modern surveys of metal - deficient stars in the galaxy have revealed that the fraction of carbon - enhanced objects is significant at low metallicity @xcite . the fraction appears to | 1 |
throughout this paper we denote by @xmath0 the free product of two fixed groups @xmath4 and @xmath6 , @xmath12 . note that we do not impose any restrictions on the finiteness properties | 1 |
following the call by @xcite for an asteroid rotation survey free from biases against low amplitude and long period objects , we have conducted a large , untargeted survey of small main | 1 |
in the nearly 100 years since galaxy morphology became a topic of research , much has been learned about galactic structure and dynamics . known only as nebulae " at that time | 1 |
mickelsson algebras are natural objects used for the study of harish - chandra modules of real reductive lie groups . they appeared in @xcite first . their detailed study was later undertaken | 1 |
galaxies are distributed throughout the universe in a clustering hierarchy . a large majority of bright galaxies are disk - shaped , with a significant minority being ellipsoidal . the question of | 1 |
group field theories ( gfts ) @xcite are quantum field theories on group manifolds , with the group chosen to be the local gauge group of spacetime in d dimensions , i.e. | 1 |
one of the main themes of @xmath5-geometry was and is to give meaning to an idea of jacques tits that dates back to 1956 ( see section 13 in @xcite ) . | 1 |
in the past we have come across real difficulties to make anyone , not only read our work here , but even just discuss about the main idea behind it as a | 1 |
cosmology ( from the greek : _ kosmos _ , universe , world , order , and _ logos _ , word , theory ) is probably the most ancient body of | 1 |
[ ss : intro ] this paper continues the analysis begun in @xcite of the structure of smooth polytopes @xmath6 that support an essential mass linear function @xmath9 . as we show | 1 |
soon after the french physicist henri becquerel first discovered the radioactivity of uranium in 1896 @xcite , some nuclear physicists began to focus their attention on the beta decays @xmath2 , where | 1 |
with temperatures typically between @xmath230 and 300 k , debris disks are gas - poor analogs of the asteroid belt and kuiper belt in the solar system @xcite , emerging after gas | 1 |
the relativistic heavy ion collider was built to create and investigate strongly interacting matter at energy densities unprecedented in a laboratory setting matter so hot that neutrons , protons and other hadrons | 1 |
large network systems of electricity , telephony or communication are traditionally designed to withstand the possibility of a _ single _ failure in one of their components . this is partially justified | 1 |
monte carlo ( mc ) event generators have the double purpose to compensate for detector inefficiencies and to provide theoretical predictions for distributions and integrated cross sections . the second task is | 1 |
chemistry experienced a period of a great invasion of quantum mechanics during the last several decades . consequently , numerical solutions of various approximate versions of the schrdinger equation ( such as | 1 |
measurements of microwave background fluctuations by the cosmic background explorer ( _ cobe _ ; * ? ? ? * ; * ? ? ? * ; * ? ? ? * | 1 |
an idempotented form @xmath0 of the quantum enveloping algebra of @xmath1 was introduced by beilinson - lusztig - macpherson @xcite , who also related it to the geometry of partial flag varieties | 1 |
the cubic complex ginzburg - landau equation ( cgle ) is one of the most - studied nonlinear equations in the physics community . it describes on a qualitative , and often | 1 |
understanding the quantum dynamics of the spacetime geometry near a spacelike ( cosmological ) singularity , such as the big bang singularity that gave birth to our universe , is one of | 1 |
the determination of fundamental stellar parameters ( @xmath0 , @xmath5 , [ m / h ] and @xmath1 ) , notably for nearby stars , are essential to many astrophysical studies . | 1 |
the origin of graph theory dates back to euler s solution of the puzzle of knigsberg s bridges in 1736 @xcite . since then a lot has been learned about graphs and | 0 |
the hubble deep field - north ( hdf - n ; williams et al . 1996 ; ferguson , dickinson , & williams 2000 ) remains the single most intensively studied region | 0 |
scattering experiments are amongst the most powerful tools to obtain information on the microscopic structure of matter . in solid state physics , conventional elastic scattering of photons , electrons , and | 0 |
strictly speaking a dibaryon denotes just any object with baryon number b = 2 . in this sense the first known dibaryon has been the deuteron discovered in 1932 by urey , | 0 |
when the second - named author first came across a recent book by anderson _ et al _ entitled _ who gave you the epsilon ? and other tales of mathematical history | 0 |
the discovery of the cosmic microwave background ( cmb ) by penzias and wilson @xcite is easily one of the pivotal moments in the history of cosmology and the development of the | 0 |
in 1963 sykes and essam @xcite noticed that , in independent bond percolation , a star with bond probabilities @xmath0 , @xmath1 and @xmath2 may be replaced by a triangle with bond | 0 |
there is a general lack of information about the nature of uv sources fainter than the completeness limit of the td-1 photometric catalog ( thompson 1978 ) . this is , primarily | 0 |
in the hot field of computer simulation of biological macromolecules , available potential energy functions are often not accurate enough to properly describe complex processes such as the folding of proteins @xcite | 0 |
a major current goal of the field of nuclear physics is the experimental confirmation of the existence of a new phase of strongly interacting matter , the quark gluon plasma ( qgp | 0 |
although the schrdinger equation describes the evolution of any quantum system , solving the many - body problem remains a daunting task . the growth of the hilbert space is exponential with | 0 |
the floer theory of lagrangian torus fibers of symplectic toric manifolds has been studied very extensively in the last decade , starting from the case of @xmath0 in @xcite and the toric | 0 |
an important trend in the condensed matter physics of the last two decades , has been the use of advanced field - theoretical methods to discuss various subtle and fundamental properties of | 0 |
after iras @xcite showed that most galaxies in the nearby universe contain at least some dust , the main question moved from `` whether '' to `` when , where , and | 0 |
the final merger of two black holes in a binary system releases more power than the combined light from all the stars in the visible universe . this vast energy comes in | 0 |
as with all endeavors in science , there is a prehistory involved , and cuprates are no exception . research in superconductivity was not the languishing field that it is often portrayed | 0 |
modal logics have proven to be a valuable tool in mathematics and computer science . the traditional uni - modal logic enriches the propositional language with the operator @xmath2 where @xmath3 is | 0 |
it is well known that if @xmath3 is a self - similar measure arising from an ifs satisfying the open set condition , then the set of local dimensions of the measure | 0 |
a central topic in the current studies of collective effects in multi - atom systems are the theoretical investigations and experimental implementation of entangled states to quantum computation and quantum information processing | 0 |
the investigation of the nucleon structure through electromagnetic ( em ) probes has played a central role in our present understanding of strong interactions . in particular , the measurements of em | 0 |
the integer quantum hall effect ( iqhe)@xcite is the first known example of a fermionic phase of matter characterized by a topological index that is directly connected to a physical observable . | 0 |
the statistical character of our sky s population of clusters of galaxies , viewed from radio to gamma - ray wavelengths , is sensitive to models of cosmology , astrophysics , and | 0 |
the aim of spin foam quantization is to provide a non pertubative and background independent quantization of gravity via an auxiliary discretization . a key outstanding question for these models is to | 0 |
loop quantum gravity ( lqg ) is a background independent , non - perturbative approach to quantum gravity @xcite . it is therefore well - suited for the analysis of certain long | 0 |
particle physics is at a crossroads . behind us is the standard model ( sm ) , the remarkably successful theory of all known elementary particles and their interactions . ahead of | 0 |
many of the most accurate heavy - quark mass determinations are related to the spectral functions of the heavy - quark vector current , which can be measured in @xmath0 collisions . | 0 |
the characterization of states of matter in terms of spontaneously broken symmetries and the corresponding order parameters , known as ginzburg - landau theory @xcite , is one of the most important | 0 |
exact results in quantum field theories are rare and for some time the gauge / gravity duality @xcite has been a main tool for obtaining such results in a growing variety of | 0 |
since last few decades one can observe a common pursuit towards miniaturization of electronic systems . according to the empirical moore s law , the number of transistors per microchip is doubled | 0 |
radiation is one of the fundamental constituents of our universe . its interaction with baryons may lead to an energy exchange that can both heat and cool the matter , initiating pressure | 0 |
* the main objective of the paper * + the immediate objective of the paper is to present partial - realization theory of linear switched systems . however , the broader goal | 0 |
the earliest extant correspondence between pierre rmond de montmort and a member of the bernoulli family is a letter from montmort to johann bernoulli dated february 27 , 1703 , concerning a | 0 |
the intuitive feeling that hadron matter should be maximally perturbed in the high energy extremely inelastic collisions was a main reason of our effort to consider such processes . it was a | 0 |
at the end of their life , stars of low- and intermediate - mass evolve along the asymptotic giant branch , where they experience recurrent thermal instabilities and substantial mass loss . | 0 |
for the last century astronomers have been modelling the structure of ` nebulae ' , and here we focus on those external to the milky way . a key activity performed by | 0 |
in the last decades point contact spectroscopy has been proved to be a very powerful method to study electron - phonon interaction in metals ( for reviews see , and ) . | 0 |
many efficient sources of quasi - monochromatic hard radiation exploit transmission of ultrarelativistic electrons through periodic structures ( crystals or undulators ) @xcite . for such so - called coherent sources , | 0 |
quantum chromodynamics , the theory describing the interactions of quarks and gluons , has been shown to provide excellent descriptions of a wide variety of phenomena ranging from hadron spectroscopy via lattice | 0 |
the first quantum key distribution ( qkd ) protocols were proposed independently by bennett and brassard @xcite in 1984 inspired by early work on quantum money by wiesner @xcite and by ekert | 0 |
# 1 [ # 1 ] # 1#2 # 1#2 ( # 1 ) # 1 # 1 # 1#2#3 nucl . phys . * # 1 * ( 19#3 ) # | 0 |
cloud computing @xcite infrastructure provides on - demand , easy , and scalable access to a shared pool of configurable resources , without worrying about managing those resources . details about cloud | 0 |
heavy - ion collisions allow one to pump energy into a nuclear system . in central collisions of equal size nuclei one can also create a significant amount of compression using high | 0 |
in the last few years an interest to problems of high - temperature qcd has considerably increased . among commonly discussed topics on the deconfining phase transition and the chiral symmetry restoration | 0 |
our main theorem [ thm : main theorem ] shows that on any flat two - torus , the least - perimeter way to enclose and separate two prescribed areas is a | 0 |
the wide - field infrared survey explorer ( wise ; @xcite ) was built to survey the sky simultaneously in four bands with central wavelengths of 3.4 , 4.6 , 12 , | 0 |
mirror symmetry declares duality between algebraic and symplectic geometries of different varieties . starting from duality between calabi yau varieties it was extended to fano varieties ( see e.g. @xcite ) . | 0 |
weak scale supersymmetry ( susy ) @xcite is a theoretically attractive extension of the standard model of particle physics . supersymmetric theories can solve the higgs hierarchy puzzle @xcite , break electroweak | 0 |
over the last two decades , evolutionary synthesis modeling has become a common tool to study unresolved stellar populations of galaxies in the optical and uv passbands @xcite . the heavy obscuration | 0 |
although the standard theory of thin accretion disks around black holes was developed over thirty years ago @xcite , a straightforward confrontation of the model with observations is still not possible because | 0 |
event shape variables are perhaps the most popular observables for testing qcd and for improving our understanding of its dynamics . event shape studies began in earnest towards the late seventies as | 0 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.